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2017 20th International Conference on Information Fusion (Fusion)最新文献

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Deep learning for situational understanding 情景理解的深度学习
Pub Date : 2017-08-15 DOI: 10.23919/ICIF.2017.8009785
Supriyo Chakraborty, A. Preece, M. Alzantot, Tianwei Xing, Dave Braines, M. Srivastava
Situational understanding (SU) requires a combination of insight — the ability to accurately perceive an existing situation — and foresight — the ability to anticipate how an existing situation may develop in the future. SU involves information fusion as well as model representation and inference. Commonly, heterogenous data sources must be exploited in the fusion process: often including both hard and soft data products. In a coalition context, data and processing resources will also be distributed and subjected to restrictions on information sharing. It will often be necessary for a human to be in the loop in SU processes, to provide key input and guidance, and to interpret outputs in a way that necessitates a degree of transparency in the processing: systems cannot be “black boxes”. In this paper, we characterize the Coalition Situational Understanding (CSU) problem in terms of fusion, temporal, distributed, and human requirements. There is currently significant interest in deep learning (DL) approaches for processing both hard and soft data. We analyze the state-of-the-art in DL in relation to these requirements for CSU, and identify areas where there is currently considerable promise, and key gaps.
情境理解(SU)需要洞察力(准确感知现有情况的能力)和远见(预测现有情况未来可能发展的能力)的结合。SU涉及信息融合、模型表示和推理。通常,在融合过程中必须利用异构数据源:通常包括硬数据产品和软数据产品。在联合背景下,数据和处理资源也将被分配,并受到信息共享的限制。在SU过程中,通常需要一个人参与到循环中,提供关键输入和指导,并以一种在处理过程中需要一定程度透明度的方式解释输出:系统不能是“黑盒子”。在本文中,我们从融合、时间、分布和人类需求的角度描述了联盟态势理解(CSU)问题。目前,人们对处理硬数据和软数据的深度学习(DL)方法非常感兴趣。我们分析了与CSU的这些要求相关的DL的最新技术,并确定了目前有很大希望的领域和关键差距。
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引用次数: 15
Event state based particle filter for ball event detection in volleyball game analysis 基于事件状态的粒子滤波在排球比赛分析中的球事件检测
Pub Date : 2017-08-11 DOI: 10.23919/ICIF.2017.8009806
Xina Cheng, N. Ikoma, M. Honda, T. Ikenaga
The ball state tracking and detection technology plays a significant role in volleyball game analysis for volleyball team supporting and tactics development. This paper proposes a ball event detection method to achieve high detection rate by solving challenges including: the great variety of event length, the large intra-class difference of one event and the influence caused by ball trajectories. Proposed state vector covers both the event type and the event period length so that the system model can transits various lengths of event period and predicts event types by volleyball game rules. The curve segmental observation model avoids the tracking error influence to evaluate the event period likelihood by referring neighbouring trajectories of the ball. And according to the standard of the ball event, the feature of the distance between the ball and specific court line are extracted to evaluate the ball event type in observation. At last a two-layer estimation method estimates the posterior state which is a joint probability distribution. Experiments of the proposed method implemented on 3D trajectories tracked from multi-view volleyball game videos shows the detection rate reaches 90.43%.
球态跟踪检测技术在排球比赛分析中具有重要的作用,对排球队伍的支持和战术制定具有重要意义。本文提出了一种球事件检测方法,通过解决事件长度变化大、同一事件类内差异大、球运动轨迹影响大等问题,实现了较高的检测率。所提出的状态向量涵盖了事件类型和事件周期长度,使系统模型能够跨越不同的事件周期长度,并根据排球比赛规则预测事件类型。曲线分段观测模型避免了跟踪误差的影响,通过参考球的相邻轨迹来评估事件周期似然。根据球类事件的标准,提取球与特定场地线之间的距离特征,对观察中的球类事件类型进行评价。最后用两层估计方法估计后验状态,后验状态是一个联合概率分布。在多视点排球比赛视频的三维轨迹跟踪实验中,该方法的检测率达到90.43%。
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引用次数: 5
Absolute gravimeter for terrain-aided navigation 地形辅助导航用绝对重力仪
Pub Date : 2017-07-10 DOI: 10.23919/ICIF.2017.8009805
C. Musso, A. Bresson, Y. Bidel, N. Zahzam, K. Dahia, J. Allard, B. Sacleux
Cold atom interferometer is a promising technology to obtain a highly sensitive and accurate absolute gravimeter. With the help of an anomalies gravity map, local measurements of gravity allow a terrain-based navigation. We describe the model of the absolute gravity measurement. We develop a Laplace-based particle filter adapted to this context. This non-linear filter is able to estimate the positions and velocities of a carrier (vessel). Some results on realistic simulated data are presented.
冷原子干涉仪是获得高灵敏度、高精度绝对重力仪的一种很有前途的技术。借助异常重力图,局部重力测量可以实现基于地形的导航。我们描述了绝对重力测量的模型。我们开发了一种基于拉普拉斯的粒子滤波器来适应这种情况。该非线性滤波器能够估计载体(船舶)的位置和速度。给出了在真实模拟数据上的一些结果。
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引用次数: 6
Track a smoothly maneuvering target based on trajectory estimation 基于轨迹估计的平稳机动目标跟踪
Pub Date : 2017-07-10 DOI: 10.23919/ICIF.2017.8009731
Tiancheng Li, J. Corchado, Huimin Chen, J. Bajo
Under the common state space model for tracking a maneuvering target, the tracker needs to adapt its state transition model timely to match the target maneuver, which is usually carried out by finding the best one from a bank of candidate Markov models or employing all of them simultaneously but assigning different probabilities. Both methods suffer from time delay for confirming the target maneuver. To avoid these problems, we model the target motion by a continuous time trajectory function and the tracking problem is formulated as an optimization problem with the goal of finding the trajectory function that best fits the observation over a sliding time window. The trajectory function can be used for smoothing, filtering and even prediction. The approach is particularly applicable to a class of target motion patterns such as passenger aircraft, where little prior statistical information is available on the target dynamics or even the sensor observation except the linguistic information that “the target moves in a smooth trajectory” (as being called smoothly maneuvering target). Simulation is provided to demonstrate the supremacy of our approach with comparison to a number of classical Markov-Bayes approaches, based on Hartikainen et al.'s example.
在通用状态空间模型下,跟踪机动目标时,跟踪器需要及时调整其状态转移模型以匹配目标机动,这通常是通过从一组候选马尔可夫模型中找到最佳模型或同时使用所有候选马尔可夫模型,但分配不同的概率来实现的。两种方法都存在确定目标机动的时间延迟问题。为了避免这些问题,我们用连续时间轨迹函数对目标运动进行建模,并将跟踪问题表述为一个优化问题,其目标是找到最适合滑动时间窗口观测的轨迹函数。轨迹函数可用于平滑、滤波甚至预测。该方法特别适用于一类目标运动模式,如客机,在这种情况下,除了“目标在平滑轨迹上移动”(称为平滑机动目标)的语言信息外,几乎没有关于目标动力学甚至传感器观察的先验统计信息。基于Hartikainen等人的例子,提供了仿真来证明我们的方法与许多经典的马尔可夫-贝叶斯方法的优越性。
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引用次数: 8
A novel measurement processing approach to the parallel expectation propagation unscented Kalman filter 一种新的并行期望传播无嗅卡尔曼滤波器的测量处理方法
Pub Date : 2017-07-10 DOI: 10.23919/ICIF.2017.8009713
A. D. Freitas, C. Fritsche, L. Mihaylova, F. Gunnarsson
Advances in sensor systems have resulted in the availability of high resolution sensors, capable of generating massive amounts of data. For complex systems to run online, the primary focus is on computationally efficient filters for the estimation of latent states related to the data. In this paper a novel method for efficient state estimation with the unscented Kalman Filter is proposed. The focus is on applications consisting of a massive amount of data. From a modelling perspective, this amounts to a measurement vector with dimensionality significantly greater than the dimensionality of the state vector. The efficiency of the filter is derived from a parallel filter structure which is enabled by the expectation propagation algorithm. A novel parallel measurement processing expectation propagation unscented Kalman filter is developed. The primary advantage of the novel algorithm is in the ability to achieve computational improvements with negligible loses in filter accuracy. An example of robot localization with a high resolution laser rangefinder sensor is presented. A 47.53% decrease in computational time was exhibited for a scenario with a processing platform consisting of 4 processors, with a negligible loss in accuracy.
传感器系统的进步导致了高分辨率传感器的可用性,能够产生大量数据。对于在线运行的复杂系统,主要关注的是用于估计与数据相关的潜在状态的计算效率滤波器。本文提出了一种利用无气味卡尔曼滤波进行有效状态估计的新方法。重点是由大量数据组成的应用程序。从建模的角度来看,这相当于一个维度明显大于状态向量维度的测量向量。该滤波器的效率来源于期望传播算法实现的并行滤波器结构。提出了一种新的并行测量处理期望传播无嗅卡尔曼滤波器。新算法的主要优点是能够在滤波器精度损失可以忽略不计的情况下实现计算改进。给出了一个基于高分辨率激光测距传感器的机器人定位实例。对于由4个处理器组成的处理平台的场景,计算时间减少了47.53%,而精度的损失可以忽略不计。
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引用次数: 1
Change detection in heterogeneous remote sensing images based on the fusion of pixel transformation 基于像素变换融合的异构遥感图像变化检测
Pub Date : 2017-07-10 DOI: 10.23919/ICIF.2017.8009656
Zhun-ga Liu, Li Zhang, Gang Li, You He
A new change detection method for heterogeneous remote sensing images (i.e. SAR & optics) has been proposed via pixel transformation. It is difficult to directly compare the pixels from heterogeneous images for detecting changes. We propose to transfer the pixels in different images to a common feature space for convenience of comparison. For each pixel in the 1st image, it will be transferred to the 2nd feature space associated with the 2nd image according to the given unchanged pixel pairs. In fact, this transformation is done assuming that the pixel is not affected by the events. Then the difference value between the estimation of transferred pixel and the actual one in the same location of the 2nd image can be calculated. The bigger difference value, the higher possibility of change happening. We can similarly do the opposite transformation from the 2nd image to the 1st image, and one more difference value is obtained in the 1st feature space. Change occurrences will be detected using Fuzzy C-means clustering method based on the sum of two difference values. The flood detection in the SAR and optical images is given in the experiments, and it shows that the proposed method is able to efficiently detect changes.
提出了一种基于像元变换的异构遥感图像变化检测方法(SAR +光学)。从异构图像中直接比较像素来检测变化是很困难的。为了便于比较,我们建议将不同图像中的像素转移到一个共同的特征空间中。对于第一幅图像中的每个像素,根据给定的不变像素对,将其转移到与第二幅图像相关联的第二个特征空间。实际上,这种转换是在假设像素不受事件影响的情况下完成的。然后计算第二幅图像中相同位置的转移像素的估计值与实际像素的差值。差异值越大,变化发生的可能性越大。同样,我们可以从第二幅图像到第一幅图像进行相反的变换,并且在第一个特征空间中获得另一个差值。使用基于两个差值和的模糊c均值聚类方法检测变化发生。实验结果表明,该方法能够有效地检测出SAR和光学图像中的洪水变化。
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引用次数: 12
A medical image fusion method based on convolutional neural networks 基于卷积神经网络的医学图像融合方法
Pub Date : 2017-07-10 DOI: 10.23919/ICIF.2017.8009769
Yu Liu, Xun Chen, Juan Cheng, Hu Peng
Medical image fusion technique plays an an increasingly critical role in many clinical applications by deriving the complementary information from medical images with different modalities. In this paper, a medical image fusion method based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) is proposed. In our method, a siamese convolutional network is adopted to generate a weight map which integrates the pixel activity information from two source images. The fusion process is conducted in a multi-scale manner via image pyramids to be more consistent with human visual perception. In addition, a local similarity based strategy is applied to adaptively adjust the fusion mode for the decomposed coefficients. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve promising results in terms of both visual quality and objective assessment.
医学图像融合技术通过从不同形态的医学图像中提取互补信息,在许多临床应用中发挥着越来越重要的作用。提出了一种基于卷积神经网络(cnn)的医学图像融合方法。在我们的方法中,采用连体卷积网络生成一个权重图,该权重图集成了来自两个源图像的像素活动信息。融合过程通过图像金字塔进行多尺度的融合,更符合人的视觉感知。此外,采用局部相似度策略自适应调整分解系数的融合模式。实验结果表明,该方法在视觉质量和客观评价方面都取得了令人满意的效果。
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引用次数: 228
An automatic water detection approach based on Dempster-Shafer theory for multi-spectral images 基于Dempster-Shafer理论的多光谱图像水分自动检测方法
Pub Date : 2017-07-10 DOI: 10.23919/ICIF.2017.8009789
Na Li, Arnaud Martin, R. Estival
Detection of surface water in natural environment via multi-spectral imagery has been widely utilized in many fields, such land cover identification. However, due to the similarity of the spectra of water bodies, built-up areas, approaches based on high-resolution satellites sometimes confuse these features. A popular direction to detect water is spectral index, often requiring the ground truth to find appropriate thresholds manually. As for traditional machine learning methods, they identify water merely via differences of spectra of various land covers, without taking specific properties of spectral reflection into account. In this paper, we propose an automatic approach to detect water bodies based on Dempster-Shafer theory, combining supervised learning with specific property of water in spectral band in a fully unsupervised context. The benefits of our approach are twofold. On the one hand, it performs well in mapping principle water bodies, including little streams and branches. On the other hand, it labels all objects usually confused with water as ‘ignorance’, including half-dry watery areas, built-up areas and semi-transparent clouds and shadows. ‘Ignorance’ indicates not only limitations of the spectral properties of water and supervised learning itself but insufficiency of information from multi-spectral bands as well, providing valuable information for further land cover classification.
利用多光谱图像对自然环境地表水进行检测,已广泛应用于土地覆盖识别等领域。然而,由于水体、建成区光谱的相似性,基于高分辨率卫星的方法有时会混淆这些特征。探测水的常用方向是光谱指数,通常需要地面真实值手动找到合适的阈值。对于传统的机器学习方法,它们仅仅通过各种土地覆盖光谱的差异来识别水,而没有考虑光谱反射的具体特性。在本文中,我们提出了一种基于Dempster-Shafer理论的水体自动检测方法,将监督学习与水在完全无监督环境下的光谱带特性相结合。我们的方法的好处是双重的。一方面,它可以很好地绘制原则水体,包括小溪流和树枝。另一方面,它将所有通常与水混淆的物体标记为“无知”,包括半干燥的水域、建筑区域和半透明的云层和阴影。“无知”不仅表明了水的光谱特性和监督学习本身的局限性,而且还表明了多光谱波段信息的不足,这为进一步的土地覆盖分类提供了有价值的信息。
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引用次数: 12
An unbiased homotopy particle filter and its application to the INS/GPS integrated navigation system 一种无偏同伦粒子滤波器及其在INS/GPS组合导航中的应用
Pub Date : 2017-07-10 DOI: 10.23919/ICIF.2017.8009774
Xuemei Wang, Wenbo Ni
A loosely coupled INS/GPS integrated navigation system is a nonlinear dynamic system. A particle filter (PF) is a particular tool for the nonlinear and non-Gaussian problems. However typical bootstrap particle filters (BPFs) cannot solve the mismatch between the importance function and the likelihood function very well so that they are invalid to some extent in the application of the INS/GPS integrated navigation systems. The homotopy particle filters (HPFs) use the corresponding homotopy transformation to replace the weights updating and the particles resampling in the BPF and then obtain significant effects. However the HPF is sensitive to the spread of the particles and its accuracy decreases with the increase of the GPS observation time intervals. Therefore we proposed a bias-correction-based HPF (BCHPF). The BCHPF firstly estimates the corresponding state bias errors according to the current observation and then corrects the bias errors of the predicted particles before implementing the homotopy transformation. Simulations and practical experiments both show that the proposed BCHPF can effectively solve the mismatch between the importance function and the likelihood function in the BPF and compensate the accumulated errors of the INSs very well. Compared with the HPF it achieves better robustness and higher accuracy.
松耦合惯导/GPS组合导航系统是一个非线性动态系统。粒子滤波器(PF)是处理非线性和非高斯问题的一种特殊工具。然而,典型的自举粒子滤波器不能很好地解决重要函数与似然函数之间的不匹配问题,在一定程度上在INS/GPS组合导航系统的应用中是无效的。同伦粒子滤波器利用相应的同伦变换来代替bp滤波器中的权值更新和粒子重采样,获得了显著的滤波效果。然而,高通量滤波器对粒子的扩散非常敏感,其精度随着GPS观测时间间隔的增加而降低。因此,我们提出了一种基于偏置校正的HPF (BCHPF)。BCHPF首先根据当前观测值估计相应的状态偏差,然后对预测粒子的偏差进行校正,再进行同伦变换。仿真和实际实验均表明,所提出的BCHPF能有效地解决BCHPF中重要性函数与似然函数不匹配的问题,并能很好地补偿INSs的累积误差。与HPF相比,它具有更好的鲁棒性和更高的精度。
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引用次数: 3
A multi-source image registration algorithm based on combined line and point features 一种基于线点结合特征的多源图像配准算法
Pub Date : 2017-07-10 DOI: 10.23919/ICIF.2017.8009690
Yi Yang, Yuanli Liu
A multi-source image registration algorithm based on combined line and point features is proposed for images containing typical line objects. Firstly, the image control line features are extracted for coarse registration by the use of visual saliency and Line Segment Detection (LSD). Visual saliency represents human visual characteristics. LSD has attributes including rotation invariance, illumination changes insensitivity and noise resistant ability. Secondly, Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) based on multi-resolution analysis is used to extract the point features with scale and rotation invariant characteristics. Then the feature points are used to realize the fine registration. Finally, the simulation results are analyzed, and the validity of the algorithm is verified from subjective effect and objective evaluation indices.
针对含有典型线目标的图像,提出了一种基于线点结合特征的多源图像配准算法。首先,利用视觉显著性和线段检测方法提取图像控制线特征进行粗配准;视觉显著性是人类的视觉特征。LSD具有旋转不变性、光照变化不敏感性和抗噪声能力。其次,利用基于多分辨率分析的尺度不变特征变换(SIFT)提取具有尺度和旋转不变特征的点特征;然后利用特征点实现精细配准。最后对仿真结果进行了分析,从主观效果和客观评价指标两方面验证了算法的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
2017 20th International Conference on Information Fusion (Fusion)
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