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2017 20th International Conference on Information Fusion (Fusion)最新文献

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Weighted Hough voting for multi-view car detection 加权霍夫投票的多视图汽车检测
Pub Date : 2017-07-10 DOI: 10.23919/ICIF.2017.8009658
T. Xiang, Zuomei Lai, Wensheng Qiao, Tao Li
Hough voting based methods for object detection work by means of allowing local image patches to vote for the center of the object according to the trained visual words. They are effective for object with small local varieties, but incapable of solving multi-view detection problem. The traditional way is training visual words for each subcategory that has similar view. However, limited training data prevents this from being effective. In this paper, we propose an extension to the Hough voting which allows for sharing visual words among multiple subcategories and accumulating votes with discriminative combination weights for different subcategories. The shared visual words are learned using dense image patches. Having such visual words, we can collect descriptors of samples in all subcategories and negative set to train the discriminative combination weights. The final score of a hypothesis is the maximum one in all discretized views. By fusing the geometry structure, image appearance and view information of the object, multi-view object detection problem is solved effectively. In this paper, we mainly focus on multi-view car detection, but not limited to. The proposed method is evaluated on 2 well-known datasets: MIT StreetScene Cars dataset and PASCAL VOC2007 car dataset. The experimental results demonstrate that our method achieves state-of-the-art or competitive performance.
然而,基于投票的目标检测方法是通过允许局部图像补丁根据训练好的视觉词投票给目标的中心来工作的。它们对局部变化较小的目标有效,但不能解决多视图检测问题。传统的方法是为每个具有相似视图的子类别训练视觉词。然而,有限的训练数据阻碍了这种方法的有效性。在本文中,我们提出了霍夫投票的扩展,它允许在多个子类别之间共享视觉词,并为不同子类别累积具有区别组合权重的投票。使用密集图像块学习共享视觉词。有了这样的视觉词,我们就可以收集所有子类别和负集样本的描述符来训练判别组合权值。假设的最终得分是所有离散化视图中的最大值。通过融合目标的几何结构、图像外观和视图信息,有效地解决了多视图目标检测问题。在本文中,我们主要研究多视角汽车检测,但不仅限于。在MIT街景汽车数据集和PASCAL VOC2007汽车数据集上对该方法进行了评估。实验结果表明,我们的方法达到了最先进或具有竞争力的性能。
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引用次数: 2
Feature uncertainty estimation in sensor fusion applied to autonomous vehicle location 传感器融合特征不确定性估计在自动车辆定位中的应用
Pub Date : 2017-07-10 DOI: 10.23919/ICIF.2017.8009655
C. M. Martinez, Feihu Zhang, Daniel Clarke, Gereon Hinz, Dongpu Cao
Within the complex driving environment, progress in autonomous vehicles is supported by advances in sensing and data fusion. Safe and robust autonomous driving can only be guaranteed provided that vehicles and infrastructure are fully aware of the driving scenario. This paper proposes a methodology for feature uncertainty prediction for sensor fusion by generating neural network surrogate models directly from data. This technique is particularly applied to vehicle location through odometry measurements, vehicle speed and orientation, to estimate the location uncertainty at any point along the trajectory. Neural networks are shown to be a suitable modeling technique, presenting good generalization capability and robust results.
在复杂的驾驶环境中,自动驾驶汽车的进步得到了传感和数据融合技术进步的支持。只有在车辆和基础设施充分了解驾驶场景的情况下,才能保证安全可靠的自动驾驶。本文提出了一种直接从数据中生成神经网络代理模型的传感器融合特征不确定性预测方法。该技术特别适用于通过里程测量、车辆速度和方向来确定车辆位置,以估计沿轨迹任意点的位置不确定性。神经网络具有良好的泛化能力和鲁棒性,是一种合适的建模技术。
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引用次数: 5
Log-Euclidean metric for robust multi-modal deformable registration 鲁棒多模态可变形配准的对数-欧几里得度量
Pub Date : 2017-07-10 DOI: 10.23919/ICIF.2017.8009688
Qiegen Liu, H. Leung
Registration of images from different modalities in the presence of intra-image fluctuation and noise contamination is a challenging task. The accuracy and robustness of the deformable registration largely depend on the definition of appropriate objective function, measuring the similarity between the images. Among them the multi-dimensional modality independent neighbourhood descriptor (MIND) is a promising method, yet its ability is limited by non-uniform bias fields and image noise, etc. Motivated by the fact that Log-Euclidean metric has promising invariance properties such as inversion invariant and similarity invariant, this paper introduces an objective function that embeds Log-Euclidean similarity metric between patches to form a multi-dimensional descriptor. The Gaussian-like penalty function consisting of the log-Euclidean metric between images to be registered is incorporated to better reflect the degree of preserving feature discriminability and structure ordering. Experimental results show the advantages of the proposed method over state-of-the-art techniques both quantitatively and qualitatively.
在存在图像内部波动和噪声污染的情况下,对不同模态的图像进行配准是一项具有挑战性的任务。形变配准的精度和鲁棒性在很大程度上取决于目标函数的定义和图像相似性的度量。其中,多维模态无关邻域描述子(MIND)是一种很有前途的方法,但其能力受到不均匀偏场和图像噪声等因素的限制。鉴于对数欧几里得度量具有反转不变性和相似不变性等优点,本文引入了一种目标函数,该目标函数在块间嵌入对数欧几里得相似度量,形成多维描述子。在待配准图像间引入由对数欧几里得度量组成的类高斯惩罚函数,更好地反映了特征可判别性和结构有序的保持程度。实验结果表明,该方法在定量和定性方面都优于目前最先进的技术。
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引用次数: 1
Target tracking using multiple auxiliary particle filtering 目标跟踪采用多个辅助粒子滤波
Pub Date : 2017-07-10 DOI: 10.23919/ICIF.2017.8009620
Luis Úbeda-Medina, Á. F. García-Fernández, J. Grajal
Particle filters are a widely used tool to perform Bayesian filtering under nonlinear dynamic and measurement models or non-Gaussian distributions. However, the performance of particle filters plummets when dealing with high-dimensional state spaces. In this paper, we propose a method that makes use of multiple particle filtering to circumvent this difficulty. Multiple particle filters partition the state space and run an individual particle filter for every component. Each particle filter shares information with the rest of the filters to account for the influence of the complete state in the observations collected by sensors. The method considered in this paper uses auxiliary filtering within the MPF framework, outperforming previous algorithms in the literature. The performance of the considered algorithm is tested in a multiple target tracking scenario, with fixed and known number of targets, using a sensor network with a nonlinear measurement model.
粒子滤波是在非线性动态和测量模型或非高斯分布下进行贝叶斯滤波的一种广泛使用的工具。然而,当处理高维状态空间时,粒子滤波器的性能直线下降。在本文中,我们提出了一种利用多粒子滤波来克服这一困难的方法。多个粒子过滤器划分状态空间,并为每个组件运行单独的粒子过滤器。每个粒子滤波器与其他滤波器共享信息,以解释传感器收集的观测中完整状态的影响。本文考虑的方法在MPF框架内使用辅助滤波,优于文献中先前的算法。在具有固定和已知目标数量的多目标跟踪场景下,利用非线性测量模型的传感器网络对所考虑算法的性能进行了测试。
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引用次数: 2
Quality-aware human-driven information fusion model 具有质量意识的人驱动信息融合模型
Pub Date : 2017-07-10 DOI: 10.23919/ICIF.2017.8009851
L. C. Botega, Valdir A. Pereira, Allan Oliveira, J. F. Saran, L. Villas, R. B. Araujo
Situational Awareness (SAW) is a widespread concept in areas that require critical decision-making and refers to the level of consciousness that an individual or team has about a situation. A poor SAW can induce humans to failures in the decision-making process, leading to losses of lives and property damage. Data fusion processes present opportunities to enrich the knowledge about situations by integrating heterogeneous and synergistic data from different sources and transforming them into more meaningful subsidies for decision-making. However, a problem arises when information is subject to problems concerning its quality, especially when humans are the main sources of data (HUMINT). Motivated by the informational demand from the emergency management domain and by the limitations and challenges of the state of the art, this work proposes and describes a new information fusion model, called Quantify (Quality-aware Human-Driven Information Fusion Model), whose main contribution is the exhaustive use of the quality information management throughout the fusion process to parameterize and to guide the work of humans and systems. To validate the model, an emergency situation assessment system prototype was developed, called ESAS (Emergency Situation Assessment Systems). Then, experts from the Sao Paulo State Police (PMESP) tested the prototypes and the system was evaluated using SART (Situation Awareness Rating Technique), which showed higher rates of SAW using the Quantify model, compared to the model from the state-of-the-art, especially in questions relating to the components of resource supply and situational understanding.
情境意识(Situational Awareness, SAW)是一个在需要关键决策的领域中广泛使用的概念,它指的是个人或团队对某种情况的意识水平。一个糟糕的SAW会导致人类在决策过程中失败,导致生命损失和财产损失。数据融合过程通过整合来自不同来源的异构和协同数据并将其转化为更有意义的决策补贴,为丰富有关情况的知识提供了机会。但是,当信息的质量出现问题时,特别是当人类是数据的主要来源时,就会出现问题(HUMINT)。基于应急管理领域的信息需求和现有技术的局限性和挑战,本文提出并描述了一种新的信息融合模型,称为量化(质量意识的人类驱动的信息融合模型),其主要贡献是在整个融合过程中详尽地使用质量信息管理来参数化和指导人类和系统的工作。为了验证该模型,开发了一个紧急情况评估系统原型,称为ESAS(紧急情况评估系统)。然后,来自圣保罗州警察局(PMESP)的专家测试了原型,并使用SART(态势感知评级技术)对系统进行了评估,与最先进的模型相比,使用量化模型的SAW率更高,特别是在与资源供应组成部分和态势理解相关的问题上。
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引用次数: 11
An implementation of the multi-sensor generalized labeled multi-Bernoulli filter via Gibbs sampling 基于Gibbs采样的多传感器广义标记多伯努利滤波器的实现
Pub Date : 2017-07-10 DOI: 10.23919/ICIF.2017.8009647
B. Vo, B. Vo
This paper proposes an efficient implementation of the multi-sensor generalized labeled multi-Bernoulli (GLMB) filter. The solution exploits the GLMB joint prediction and update together with a new technique for truncating the GLMB filtering density based on Gibbs sampling. The resulting algorithm has a complexity in the order of the product of the number of measurements from each sensor, and quadratic in the number of hypothesized objects.
提出了一种多传感器广义标记多伯努利(GLMB)滤波器的有效实现方法。该方案利用了GLMB联合预测和更新,并结合了一种基于Gibbs采样的截断GLMB滤波密度的新技术。所得算法的复杂度以每个传感器测量值的乘积为顺序,以假设对象的数量为二次。
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引用次数: 21
Constrained multiple model maximum a posteriori estimation using list Viterbi algorithm 约束多模型最大后验估计采用list Viterbi算法
Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI: 10.23919/ICIF.2017.8009649
V. Jilkov, Jeffrey H. Ledet, X. R. Li
This paper proposes a new approach for constrained multiple model (MM) maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimation through the expectation-maximization (EM) method by using our previously developed constrained sequential list Viterbi algorithm (CSLVA). The approach is general and applicable for any type of constraints provided they are verifiable. Specific algorithms for implementation are designed, and the performance of the proposed method is illustrated by simulation.
本文提出了一种基于期望最大化(EM)方法的约束多模型(MM)最大后验(MAP)估计的新方法,该方法采用了已有的约束序列列表Viterbi算法(CSLVA)。该方法是通用的,适用于任何类型的约束,只要它们是可验证的。设计了具体的实现算法,并通过仿真验证了该方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 1
Fault diagnosis of civil aircraft electrical system based on evidence theory 基于证据理论的民用飞机电气系统故障诊断
Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI: 10.23919/ICIF.2017.8009666
Ying Wu
Dempster-Shafer(D-S) method has been used widely in fault diagnosis system of civil aircraft electrical system, but it has difficulty in dealing with combining evidences with high degree of conflict. In order to solve the problem, a new method is proposed in this paper. The proposed method in this paper introduces the historical data, defines the concept of modifying factor, and considers the influence of expert knowledge to basic probability assignments. The experimental results show that the new method can improve the reliability and accuracy of fault diagnosis results and enhance the performance of the system. This method is a breakthrough in the engineering application of D-S evidence theory.
Dempster-Shafer(D-S)方法在民用飞机电气系统故障诊断系统中得到了广泛的应用,但在处理高冲突程度的证据组合问题上存在困难。为了解决这一问题,本文提出了一种新的方法。该方法引入了历史数据,定义了修正因子的概念,并考虑了专家知识对基本概率分配的影响。实验结果表明,该方法提高了故障诊断结果的可靠性和准确性,提高了系统的性能。该方法是D-S证据理论在工程应用上的突破。
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引用次数: 4
Improved multi-resolution method for MLE-based localization of radiation sources 基于mle的辐射源定位改进多分辨率方法
Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI: 10.23919/ICIF.2017.8009626
Guthrie Cordone, R. Brooks, S. Sen, N. Rao, C. Wu, M. Berry, Kayla M. Grieme
Multi-resolution grid computation is a technique used to speed up source localization with a Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) algorithm. In the case where the source is located midway between grid points, the MLE algorithm may choose an incorrect location, causing following iterations of the search to close in on an area that does not contain the source. To address this issue, we propose a modification to multi-resolution MLE that expands the search area by a small percentage between two consecutive MLE iterations. At the cost of slightly more computation, this modification allows consecutive iterations to accurately locate the target over a larger portion of the field than a standard multi-resolution localization. The localization and computation performance of our approach is compared to both standard multi-resolution and single-resolution MLE algorithms. Tests are performed using seven data sets representing different scenarios of a single radiation source located within an indoor field of detectors. Results show that our method (i) significantly improves the localization accuracy in cases that caused initial grid selection errors in traditional MLE algorithms, (ii) does not have a negative impact on the localization accuracy in other cases, and (iii) requires a negligible increase in computation time relative to the increase in localization accuracy.
多分辨率网格计算是一种利用最大似然估计(MLE)算法加速源定位的技术。在源位于网格点之间的情况下,MLE算法可能会选择一个不正确的位置,导致后续的搜索迭代接近不包含源的区域。为了解决这个问题,我们提出了对多分辨率MLE的修改,在两个连续的MLE迭代之间以很小的百分比扩展搜索区域。与标准的多分辨率定位相比,这种修改允许连续迭代在更大的区域内精确定位目标,但计算成本略高。将该方法与标准的多分辨率和单分辨率MLE算法进行了定位和计算性能比较。测试使用七个数据集进行,这些数据集代表位于探测器室内场内的单一辐射源的不同情况。结果表明,我们的方法(i)在传统MLE算法导致初始网格选择错误的情况下显著提高了定位精度;(ii)在其他情况下对定位精度没有负面影响;(iii)相对于定位精度的提高,计算时间的增加可以忽略不计。
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引用次数: 15
Projection-based circular constrained state estimation and fusion over long-haul links 基于投影的环约束状态估计与长途链路融合
Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI: 10.23919/ICIF.2017.8009836
Qiang Liu, N. Rao
In this paper, we consider a scenario where sensors are deployed over a large geographical area for tracking a target with circular nonlinear constraints on its motion dynamics. The sensor state estimates are sent over long-haul networks to a remote fusion center for fusion. We are interested in different ways to incorporate the constraints into the estimation and fusion process in the presence of communication loss. In particular, we consider closed-form projection-based solutions, including rules for fusing the estimates and for incorporating the constraints, which jointly can guarantee timely fusion often required in realtime systems. We test the performance of these methods in the long-haul tracking environment using a simple example.
在本文中,我们考虑了一种场景,传感器部署在一个大的地理区域,以跟踪一个具有圆形非线性约束的目标运动动力学。传感器状态估计值通过长途网络发送到远程融合中心进行融合。我们感兴趣的是在存在通信损失的情况下将约束纳入估计和融合过程的不同方法。特别地,我们考虑了封闭形式的基于投影的解决方案,包括用于融合估计和合并约束的规则,它们共同可以保证实时系统中经常需要的及时融合。我们用一个简单的例子测试了这些方法在长途跟踪环境中的性能。
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引用次数: 4
期刊
2017 20th International Conference on Information Fusion (Fusion)
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