Journal of Animal and Poultry Production最新文献

{"title":"Maternal Genetic Effect on Expected Genetic Response of Selection Indices for Milk Production of Friesian Cows in Egypt","authors":"I. A. El-Naser, A. F. Abd-Elatief, A. Ghazy","doi":"10.21608/jappmu.2020.133812","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jappmu.2020.133812","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aimed to estimate the genetic parameters of first lactation milk yield (FLMY), first lactation period (FLP), first dry period (FDP) and first calving interval (FCI) and inclusion these studied traits in selection indices through different animal models. The data utilized in this study were obtained from 1821 normal first lactation of Friesian cows belong to Sakha and EI-Karada Experimental stations of Animal Production Research Institute (APRI), Dokki, Cairo, Egypt. Data were collected during the period from 1990 to 2016 and analyzed using the MTDFREML program. Covariance components were used to construct the different selection indices for FLMY kg, FLP day, FDP day and FCI day with four multiple animal models. Means for FLMY, FLP, FDP and FCI were 2425 kg, 304 d, 170 d and 474 d, respectively. Direct heritability (h 2a ) for the above-mentioned traits were 0.32, 0.29, 0.27 and 0.18, respectively. The corresponding estimates of the maternal heritability (h 2m ) for the same traits were 0.25, 0.22, 0.30 and 0.27, successively. Estimates of direct genetic correlations among studied traits ranged from -0.52 to 0.61. The phenotypic correlations among investigated traits were ranging from -0.20 to 0.23. Animal model number two that included the additive and permanent effects had the highest accuracy. On the contrary, model number three that included additive and maternal effects. The ranking correlations among four animal models were higher than 0.93. This indicates that using one of the studied models can be achieved the genetic improvement. We would however recommend that included the permanent environmental effects on analytical models when selection for these traits in Friesian cows under Egyptian condition.","PeriodicalId":14889,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal and Poultry Production","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86381759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Addition Vitamin C and Zinc Chloride in Vitrification Medium on Viability, in vitro Maturation and Ultrastructure Changes of Vitrified Immature Bovine Oocytes","authors":"H. Yassen, K. Attia, S. Shamiah, M. El-Arian, M. El-Harairy","doi":"10.21608/jappmu.2020.130060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jappmu.2020.130060","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to evaluate the impact of adding vitamin C and zinc chloride to vitrification medium on viability in vitro maturation and ultrastructure changes of vitrified immature Baladi cow oocytes. Compact cumulus oocytes (COCs) (n=1370) were obtained from slaughtered bovine ovaries. Then the morphology of oocytes was examined using a stereomicroscope. Staining with trypan, the in vitro maturation and ultrastructural changes were studied. The results revealed significant (P<0.05) increase of total and normal survival rate of bovine oocytes vitrified with zinc chloride (90.28 and 81.11%) than in vitamin C media (82.5 and 65.65%) or control medium (74.44 and 54.72%). Recovery rate of abnormal bovine oocytes showed significantly an opposite trend (9.17 vs. 16.94 and 19.72%). Proportion of oocytes with viable cytoplasm and viable cumulus (VOVC) was increased significantly (93.75%, P<0.05) in fresh (control) than in medium supplemented with vitamin C and untreated medium (74.55 and 68.63%), respectively. There were non-significant differences among zinc chloride, control and vitamin C media in oocytes with vaible cytoplasm and unvaiable cumulus (VOUC). Supplementation of the vitrification medium with zinc chloride and vitamin C significantly (P<0.05) improved maturation rates (MII) of recovered cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) than medium without supplementation. The percentage of ultrastructural alterations in most organelles bovine oocytes significantly (P<0.05) increased in oocytes vitrified without supplementation followed by vitamin C, then zinc chloride medium. Conclusion, supplementation of vitamin C or zinc chloride to the vitrification medium improved survival rate, morphologically and ultrastructural, as well as maturation rate of bovine oocytes","PeriodicalId":14889,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal and Poultry Production","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78782097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth Performance and Carcass Traits of Broiler Chicken Diets Containing Different Fat Source","authors":"A. Muhammad, H. Faraj","doi":"10.21608/jappmu.2020.108823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jappmu.2020.108823","url":null,"abstract":"This study was investigated to determine the effects of two separate sources of fat (sunflower oil, tallow) on growth efficiency and carcass characteristics of broiler chicks reared at age 42 days. using 160 (Ross 308) broiler chicks of one day old. Chicks were distributed fully randomized to 4 treatments based on a system with 4 replicates of 10 chicks. The dietary treatments consisted of: T1, diet containing 5% tallow until the end of the experiment, T2 diet containing 5% sunflower oil until the end of the experiment, T3 diet containing 5% tallow for 21 days of age (grower period ) then sunflower oil till 42 days of age (finisher period ), T4 diet containing 5% sunflower for 21 days of age then 5% tallow until 42 days of age. The performance parameter measured in 21 and 42 days the carcass parameters were measured in the end of the study. The results show that T2 use 5% sunflower oil until the end of the experiment in grower period, weight gain and feed conversion ratio were significantly (p>0.05) improved compared to those nursed by other diets therapies. However, the results in finisher period in T1 there was significant effect (p>0.05) in intake of feed compare to the other treatments. As well as the results of accumulative values of these three traits, a significant (p>0.05) increase in accumulative body weight and weight gain in T3 and were significantly (p>0.05) improved the conversion ratio in T2 and T3 compared to other treatments. The results of carcass traits there were significant effected (p>0.05) in dressing percentage in T1 and T2 compared to other treatments but there were no significantly affect in carcass weight, gizzard and abdominal fat percentage.","PeriodicalId":14889,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal and Poultry Production","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80341816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of A QTL Region Affecting Somatic Cell Score in Friesian Cows in Egypt التوصیف الوراثى لمواقع الصفات الکمیة التى تؤثر فى أعداد الخلایا الجسدیة فى أبقار الفریزیان فى مصر","authors":"A. Ashour, A. Ibrahim, H. El-Awady","doi":"10.21608/jappmu.2020.110042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jappmu.2020.110042","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of the present study was to confirm previously quantitative trait loci (QTL) affecting somatic cell score (SCS) on Bos taurus autosomes (BTA23) chromosomes and how can make selection by markers linked with QTL for SCS in Friesian cows in Egypt. A granddaughter design with selective genotyping was implemented that included haf-sibs from 6 sire-families cows. All sires have at least 200 daughters. Animals were genotyped for 5 microsatellites markers on BTA23. Heterozygosity on locus showed wide variation among five microsatellite markers among families. Across 6 families, the most likely QTL positions for SCS were all mapped at 48 cM, close to BM1443. Results for trait SCS, QTL with chromosome-wide significance within and across families studied identified the QTL allele substitution effects estimated for each family while fixing the QTL at the most likely position (48 cM) in 95% confidence interval (CI) QTL position. Sire families have significant QTL effect on SCS. The calculated overall QTL sire effect values across the six families (-0.154 ± 0.422), indicated decreased SCS among all families. The fact that such genotypes are found in relative high frequencies in Friesian cattle may reflect the combined breeding goal that is characterized by SCS selection to resistance mastitis. The identification of these markers raises the possibility of overcoming the unfavourable genetic correlation between milk production, SCS and mastitis traits through marker-assisted selection.","PeriodicalId":14889,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal and Poultry Production","volume":"151 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74699561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Vivo and In Vitro Dromedary Camel Embryos’ Production under Egyptian Conditions","authors":"A. Khattab, N. A. A. Elnaga, K. El-Bahrawy","doi":"10.21608/jappmu.2020.95834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jappmu.2020.95834","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present study was to compare between in vivo and in vitro production of dromedary camel embryos under Egyptian conditions. At in vivo experiment, three female camels (donors) were treated with a one-shot injection of 3000 IU PMSG, followed by induction of ovulation treatment (i.m. administration of 5000 IU hCG). Natural mating was performed after 8 days from the superovulation treatment. Embryos were flushed via non-surgical collection after eight days of animal mating. For in vitro experiment the oocytes were retrieved by slicing ovaries collected from the slaughterhouse. Recovered oocytes were examined before and after IVM culture for grading and investigating cytoplasmic maturation. Only good-quality oocytes were selected (n=72).  Cumulus oocytes complexes (COCs) were incubated at 38.5 oC, 5% CO2 and 95% humidity for 40 hours. Matured COCs were inseminated with frozen-thawed semen (3x106 spermatozoa/mL) in the fert-TALP medium at 38.5 oC, 5% CO2 and 95% humidity for 18 hours. Results showed that the in vivo embryos recovery rate was 74.92%. The hormonal treatment had no significant effect on the activity of ovaries regarding ovarian side. For in vitro experiment the mean oocyte yield was 9.83 COCs per ovary and the recovery rate (%) was 37.5%. The maturation rate of dromedary oocytes in vitro was 72.72%, while the fertilization rate was 11.5%. In conclusion, this study showed that in vivo embryo production can be considered as an effective tool for embryo in dromedary camels when compared to embryo production in vitro.","PeriodicalId":14889,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal and Poultry Production","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85948900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Orally Chlorella vulgaris Algae Additive on Productive and Reproductive Performance of Lactating Friesian Cows","authors":"A. Shams, A. Elsadany, R. Abou-Aiana","doi":"10.21608/jappmu.2020.87136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jappmu.2020.87136","url":null,"abstract":"Fifteen multiparous Friesian cows with average live body weight (LBW) of 500±4.35 kg and 2-4 lactations were used after parturition and continues until 120 days of lactation and divided into three similar groups. Cows were fed a basal ration contained (DM basis) 40% concentrate feed mixture , 35% corn silage  and 25% rice straw  without any supplement in R1 (control) or orally supplemented with Chlorella algae and their media at the levels of 2 ml  or 4 ml per kg LBW to instead of 1 and 2 liter/head/day for R2 and R3, respectively. Results showed that nutrients digestibility and feeding values improved significantly (P<0.05) with increasing the level of supplementation. Addition of C. vulgaris increased (P< 0.05) feed intake, the concentrations of total protein and globulin, AST to ALT ratio in serum, actual milk, 4% fat corrected milk yield, milk contents, also TVFA’s compared with the control. However, the concentration of NH3-N and Live enzymes activity decreased. Whereas, ruminal pH value and serum albumin and creatinine concentrations were nearly similar for the different groups. Chlorella supplementation had a significant improvements in feed conversion, economic efficiency and post-partum reproductive traits compared to control group. In conclusion, cows supplemented with Chlorella and their media at the level of 4 ml/kg LBW showed the best results concerning productive and reproductive traits and economic efficiency.","PeriodicalId":14889,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal and Poultry Production","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90894496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Egg Quality Effect by Breeder Ages and Egg Storage","authors":"H. N. Mohammed","doi":"10.21608/jappmu.2020.77759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jappmu.2020.77759","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted to investigate the effects of age of broiler breeder (30 and 45 weeks), storage period (2, 4, 6 and 8 days) and their interactions on egg quality traits of the Ross-308 broiler breeder eggs. The experiment included the measurements of the egg quality characteristics in the research laboratory. Results from this study were summarizing as: age of broiler breeder had significant effect (p ≤ 0.05) on some quality traits of the eggs such as: egg weight, albumin weight, yolk weight, Haugh unit, yolk height, yolk index, Storage period had significant effect (p ≤ 0.05) on egg weight, albumin weight, Haugh unit, yolk index.","PeriodicalId":14889,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal and Poultry Production","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75412257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Feeding Non-Conventional Energy on Productive Performance of Rahmani Lambs.","authors":"A. Mahrous, H. Hassanien, A. Fayed., Y. Hafez","doi":"10.21608/jappmu.2019.87393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jappmu.2019.87393","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to assay the using of nonconventional energy sources on chemical composition, digestibility coefficients, cell wall constituents, nutritive value and productive performance of growing Rahmani lambs. Twelve Rahmani lambs with average body weight 22.60±0.20 kg and 4 months old were used in this study for 120 days. Lambs were distributed into two similar groups (6 lambs each) and randomly assigned to two experimental rations. The two respective rations composed of R1 (control) contained 60% concentrate feed mixture (CFM)+40% rice straws(RS). While, R2 consisted of 55% CFM + 40% RS + 5% corn steep liquor (CSL).The digestibility and nutritive values of experimental rations were determined using six adult Rahmani rams. Rumen liquor and blood samples were collected at the end of collection period. The results showed that nutrient digestibility and feeding values were higher (P<0.05) for rations R2. The highest values of TDN and DCP were observed R2. Digestibility of cell wall constituents (NDF, ADF, cellulose and hemicellulose) were improved by treatment. Blood constituents were generally normal in all experimental groups. Growth performance e.g. total body weight gain and average daily gain was improved in R2. The same trend was observed for feed conversion and economic efficiency and the best values were recoded with R2. It could be concluded that addition of CSL to ration of growing Rahmani lambs could improve their productive performance and economic feed efficiency.","PeriodicalId":14889,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal and Poultry Production","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90072806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Assessment for some Productive and Fertility Traits Using Maximum Likelihood (REML) Of Friesian Cows in Egypt","authors":"S. Ebrahim","doi":"10.21608/jappmu.2019.76681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jappmu.2019.76681","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to evaluate the genetic improvement program of the Friesian  cows. SAS program was used to calculate averages and significant effect, and (REML) program was used to estimate genetic parameters for productive traits lifetime milk yield (LTMY), daily milk yield (DMY), Lactation Length (LL) and Lactation number complete (LNC), and fertility traits days open (DO) and calving interval (CI). The least square means of LTMY, DMY, LL, LNC, DO and CI were 17546 (Kg), 12(Kg), 304 (d), 3.5 (lactations), 78 (d) and 379(d), respectively. The effect of the month, year of calving and age at first calving (AFC) were significant for all the traits except, the farm was non-significant to DMY. Estimates of the heritability (h2a) were 0.09, 0.44, 0.24 and 0.34 for LTMY, DMY, LL and LNC, respectively, whereas 0.13 and 0.17 for DO and CI, respectively. High h2a of productivity traits, particularly DMY, emphasized the possibility of achieving a significant rate of genetic improvement in this trait through selection program. The genetic correlations were positive ranging from 0.02 to 0.76 , except CI with (DMY, LL and LNC ) were negative and ranging from -0.07 to -0.76 . The highest genetic and phenotypic correlation between DMY and LTMY. The low genetic value of these fertility traits reflected the lack of patients' genetic advancement for these traits while, phenotypic correlation estimates were positive except reproductive traits with some productive traits. Repeatability estimates are few and close to the heritability value due to the small presence of permanent environmental variation, confirming the unpredictability of the cow from its current records of fertility traits.","PeriodicalId":14889,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal and Poultry Production","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85781213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Toxin Binder on Productive Performance of Lactating Friesian Cows","authors":"A. Mehany, A. Shams","doi":"10.21608/jappmu.2019.82461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jappmu.2019.82461","url":null,"abstract":"Twenty Friesian cows with an average weight of 540  17.59 kg and running on 2nd to 5th lactating season were used at 60 days before calving and continued up to 120 days of lactation feeding trial to study the effect of toxin binder (bentonite and zeolite) on Productive Performance of Lactating Cows. Cows were randomly divided into four similar groups (n = 3). All cows were received basal rations (BR) that consists of concentrate feed mixture (CFM), corn silage (CS) and rice straw (RS). Group 1 received (BR) without supplement and served as control rations, whereas groups G2, G3 and G4 received control diet plus 2% Bentonite, 1% Bentonite plus 1% Zeolite or 2% Zeolite of DM intake as tested rations, respectively. Results showed that, supplemented groups were significant (P˂0.05) higher intake of total DM, TDN and DCP than unsuplemented group. Also on the same trend, the concentrations of pH and TVFA's were increased significantly (P˂0.05), while ammonia-N decreased significantly (P˂0.05) in supplemented groups compared to G1. Group 2 recorded significantly (P˂0.05) the highest concentrations of total protein, globulin, glucose and T3 and followed by G3 and G4, while G1 had the lowest values. While, albumin concentration decreased significantly (P˂0.05) with bentonite and zeolite additives. While, the concentrations of creatinine, urea, total lipid and Ca as well as the activity of AST and ALT were nearly similar for the different groups. Yield of actual milk and 4% FCM were significantly (P˂0.05) higher in G2 than those of G4 and G1, And no significant higher than G3 ration: G2 showed significantly (P˂0.05) the highest contents of fat, protein, lactose, SNF and TS, while G1 had the lowest values. Ash content in milk was nearly similar for the different groups. Bentonite and zeolite supplementation improved feed conversion, and G2 recorded the best one. The difference were only significant between bentonite ration (G2) and the control one (G1). Group2 recorded the highest daily feed cost, output of 4% FCM yield, net revenue and economic efficiency followed by G3 and G4, while G1 had the lowest feed cost, net revenue and economic efficiency, while feed cost per one kg 4% FCM was lower significantly (P˂0.05) with G2 followed by G3 and G4, while G1 had the highest value. In conclusion, bentonite supplement for lactating Friesian cows at the level of 2% of DM intake as toxin binder had the best positive effect on digestibility, rumen fermentation, some blood parameters, feed intake, milk yield and composition, feed conversion and economic efficiency, comparison with other supplemented rations and the control one (unsupplemented).","PeriodicalId":14889,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal and Poultry Production","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74198121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}