Two extracts of 50 mg.ml-1 Agaricus bisporus alcoholic and aqueous were used in order to study their effect against two pathogenic bacteria. Salmonella typhi and Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from chicken and minced meat samples respectively, then identified according to biochemical tests. Antibacterial activity of Agaricus bisporus extracts (alcoholic and aqueous) was studied by agar well diffusion method. The results exhibited that aqueous mushroom extract has no effect against the two tested bacteria, while alcoholic extract of mushroom affect against the two tested bacteria and the effect against S. aureus was more than that against Salmonella typhi and the zone of inhibition was 15 mm and 9 mm respectively. The ethanol alcohol 96% and water were used as control. From this study, mushroom extracts especially ethanolic or alcoholic could be used to control the transmission of pathogenic bacteria from food
{"title":"Antibacterial Activity of Alcoholic and Aqueous Extracts of Agaricus bisporus Against Food Borne Bacterial Pathogens","authors":"Alyaa Razooqi Hussein, E. Ali, Ebtehal Hamid","doi":"10.22401/JNUS.21.1.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22401/JNUS.21.1.17","url":null,"abstract":"Two extracts of 50 mg.ml-1 Agaricus bisporus alcoholic and aqueous were used in order to study their effect against two pathogenic bacteria. Salmonella typhi and Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from chicken and minced meat samples respectively, then identified according to biochemical tests. Antibacterial activity of Agaricus bisporus extracts (alcoholic and aqueous) was studied by agar well diffusion method. The results exhibited that aqueous mushroom extract has no effect against the two tested bacteria, while alcoholic extract of mushroom affect against the two tested bacteria and the effect against S. aureus was more than that against Salmonella typhi and the zone of inhibition was 15 mm and 9 mm respectively. The ethanol alcohol 96% and water were used as control. From this study, mushroom extracts especially ethanolic or alcoholic could be used to control the transmission of pathogenic bacteria from food","PeriodicalId":14922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Al-Nahrain University-Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82985209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pure Cr2O3 and NiO/Cr2O3 nanocomposite were luckily synthesized by simple hydrothermal technique. X-ray films diffraction (XRD), Filed Emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), were used to research the crystalline structures, surface morphologies and nanostructures, and element components and their valences of the as-synthesized samples. Moreover, gas sensors based on the synthesized pure Cr2O3 and NiO/ Cr2O3 composites were fabricated and their sensing behavior, to NH3.Gas sensing experiments reference that the NiO/ Cr2O3 composites showed much higher gas response and lower working temperature than those of pure Cr2O3. These results assure that the as-synthesized NiO/ Cr2O3 composites a favorable NH3 sensing material
{"title":"Structural Characterization of NiO/Cr2O3Composites and Hydrothermal Synthesis, Properties Gas Sensing","authors":"G. Mohammed, Tunis B.Hassan, Zainab T Abdulhamied","doi":"10.22401/JNUS.21.1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22401/JNUS.21.1.10","url":null,"abstract":"Pure Cr2O3 and NiO/Cr2O3 nanocomposite were luckily synthesized by simple hydrothermal technique. X-ray films diffraction (XRD), Filed Emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), were used to research the crystalline structures, surface morphologies and nanostructures, and element components and their valences of the as-synthesized samples. Moreover, gas sensors based on the synthesized pure Cr2O3 and NiO/ Cr2O3 composites were fabricated and their sensing behavior, to NH3.Gas sensing experiments reference that the NiO/ Cr2O3 composites showed much higher gas response and lower working temperature than those of pure Cr2O3. These results assure that the as-synthesized NiO/ Cr2O3 composites a favorable NH3 sensing material","PeriodicalId":14922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Al-Nahrain University-Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73155276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alkaloids often had pharmacological effects. The aim at this study is to increase some alkaloids in fenugreek. Callus induction occurred on cotyledon segments 5 mm long. Murshige and Skoog medium (MS) supplied with 1 mg.lˉ¹ of 2, 4 – D and 0.4 mg.lˉ¹ of kinetin was prepared. The best medium maintained callus was using MS medium supplied with 0.5 mg.lˉ¹ 2, 4-D and 0.5 mg.lˉ¹ kinetin. Callus formation was allowed to take place for a period of thirty days in the dark at 25°C±2. Calli were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).Methanol callus extract showed high concentrations of some alkaloids compared to the methanol extract of cotyledons. For increasing, the concentration of secondary metabolites, NaCl was added at concentrations 0, 1, 1.5 or 2 g.lˉ¹, sorbitol at concentrations 0, 7, 8 or 9 g.lˉ¹. NaCl at 2 g.lˉ¹ led to significant increase in trigonelline reaching 1354.72 µg per 100 mg fresh weight of callus. NaCl at 1g.lˉ¹ increased choline and carpaine reached 400.82, 483.92 µg.mlˉ¹ per 100 mg respectively. Treatment with 9 g.lˉ¹ sorbitol increased trigonelline and carpaine reached 1666.41, 742.67 µg per 100 mg respectively, while treatment 8 g.lˉ¹ sorbitol significantly increased in choline recorded 588.87 µg per 100 mg.
{"title":"Effect of NaCl and Sorbitol on the Production of Some Alkaloids of Fenugreek Cotyledons Derived Callus","authors":"S. A. Hassan, E. H. Jassim","doi":"10.22401/JNUS.21.1.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22401/JNUS.21.1.14","url":null,"abstract":"Alkaloids often had pharmacological effects. The aim at this study is to increase some alkaloids in fenugreek. Callus induction occurred on cotyledon segments 5 mm long. Murshige and Skoog medium (MS) supplied with 1 mg.lˉ¹ of 2, 4 – D and 0.4 mg.lˉ¹ of kinetin was prepared. The best medium maintained callus was using MS medium supplied with 0.5 mg.lˉ¹ 2, 4-D and 0.5 mg.lˉ¹ kinetin. Callus formation was allowed to take place for a period of thirty days in the dark at 25°C±2. Calli were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).Methanol callus extract showed high concentrations of some alkaloids compared to the methanol extract of cotyledons. For increasing, the concentration of secondary metabolites, NaCl was added at concentrations 0, 1, 1.5 or 2 g.lˉ¹, sorbitol at concentrations 0, 7, 8 or 9 g.lˉ¹. NaCl at 2 g.lˉ¹ led to significant increase in trigonelline reaching 1354.72 µg per 100 mg fresh weight of callus. NaCl at 1g.lˉ¹ increased choline and carpaine reached 400.82, 483.92 µg.mlˉ¹ per 100 mg respectively. Treatment with 9 g.lˉ¹ sorbitol increased trigonelline and carpaine reached 1666.41, 742.67 µg per 100 mg respectively, while treatment 8 g.lˉ¹ sorbitol significantly increased in choline recorded 588.87 µg per 100 mg.","PeriodicalId":14922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Al-Nahrain University-Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89968161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
luxS and rpoS genes were involved in the regulation of some biological processes, which interfere with virulence of Serratia marcescens and Enterobacter cloacae bacterial species sequentially. luxS have an important activity in Quorum Sensing (QS) processes, but rpoS interfere with tolerance and resistance processes toward stress conditions correlating with its virulence. The study aimed to detect rpoS presence in E. cloacae and luxS gene presence in S. marcescens separately isolated from 16 leukaemia patients (4 of S. marcescens and 12 of E. cloacae), who characterised with bacteraemia by using primers designed for this purpose by using PCR technique. The results showed that all of the bacterial isolates of S. marcescens contain luxS gene, while no one of E. cloacae isolates show positive results for rpoS gene. The study concluded that S. marcescens has high virulence as a result of luxS presence, which controls Quorum sensing and prodigiosin formation and affecting host immunity. Moreover, the negative results of rpoS gene can be explained according to two possibilities: the gene can be found in the isolates with a copy differ from the registered sequences of the rpoS gene, or the gene did not present in those isolates with presence of alternatives offset its activities
{"title":"Detection of luxS Gene in Serratia marcescens and rpoS Gene in Enterobacter cloacae Isolates Using PCR Reaction","authors":"N. A. Muhammed, M. B. Farhan, Z. Shabeeb","doi":"10.22401/JNUS.21.1.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22401/JNUS.21.1.18","url":null,"abstract":"luxS and rpoS genes were involved in the regulation of some biological processes, which interfere with virulence of Serratia marcescens and Enterobacter cloacae bacterial species sequentially. luxS have an important activity in Quorum Sensing (QS) processes, but rpoS interfere with tolerance and resistance processes toward stress conditions correlating with its virulence. The study aimed to detect rpoS presence in E. cloacae and luxS gene presence in S. marcescens separately isolated from 16 leukaemia patients (4 of S. marcescens and 12 of E. cloacae), who characterised with bacteraemia by using primers designed for this purpose by using PCR technique. The results showed that all of the bacterial isolates of S. marcescens contain luxS gene, while no one of E. cloacae isolates show positive results for rpoS gene. The study concluded that S. marcescens has high virulence as a result of luxS presence, which controls Quorum sensing and prodigiosin formation and affecting host immunity. Moreover, the negative results of rpoS gene can be explained according to two possibilities: the gene can be found in the isolates with a copy differ from the registered sequences of the rpoS gene, or the gene did not present in those isolates with presence of alternatives offset its activities","PeriodicalId":14922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Al-Nahrain University-Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75906033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ponceau 4R(E124) is azo dye that is mostly used in some of food products such as soft drinks, beverages, jelly and ham. A simple and sensitive procedure is established for the determination of ponceau 4R using cloud point extraction (CPE). In order to get the optimum conditions for ponceau 4R extraction, various analytical factors such as pH media, nonionic surfactant TX-114 or Brij-56, cationic surfactant CPC and equilibration temperature was investigated. The linearity of calibration graph was above the range of 0.05-1.7 µg ml-1. The LOD and LOQ using TX-114 were based to be 0.025, 0.075 µg ml-1 whereas for Brij-56 were found as 0.062, 0.187 µg ml-1 respectively. The proposed procedure was successfully employed for ponceau 4R detection in several beverages samples
{"title":"Spectrophotometeric Determination of Ponceau 4R in the Several Beverages Using Mixed Micelles after Cloud Point Extraction","authors":"M. Thani, S. A. Al-Ameri, M. Sultan","doi":"10.22401/JUNS.21.1.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22401/JUNS.21.1.02","url":null,"abstract":"Ponceau 4R(E124) is azo dye that is mostly used in some of food products such as soft drinks, beverages, jelly and ham. A simple and sensitive procedure is established for the determination of ponceau 4R using cloud point extraction (CPE). In order to get the optimum conditions for ponceau 4R extraction, various analytical factors such as pH media, nonionic surfactant TX-114 or Brij-56, cationic surfactant CPC and equilibration temperature was investigated. The linearity of calibration graph was above the range of 0.05-1.7 µg ml-1. The LOD and LOQ using TX-114 were based to be 0.025, 0.075 µg ml-1 whereas for Brij-56 were found as 0.062, 0.187 µg ml-1 respectively. The proposed procedure was successfully employed for ponceau 4R detection in several beverages samples","PeriodicalId":14922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Al-Nahrain University-Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83473286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study included estimating the heavy elements of some types of grape juice of different origin and determining their proportions in juices and comparing them with the quality control of Iraq and observing whether it is suitable for human use or not. Calcium salts are observed as 137 ppm in C juice and 9.5 ppm of magnesium in juice B, for heavy metals the highest percentage of lead 0.19ppm recorded in juice A, 1.7 ppm of copper in B juice 3.5 ppm Iron in juice A, 0.8 ppm of zinc in B juice and A, 0.06 ppm of aluminum in B, 0.015 ppm of cobalt in juice A and B, 0.06 ppm of nickel in B juice, Sodium was 168.1 ppm in C juice, but the acids were found to have the highest rates were 3.1 ppm of malic acid in B, 156.7 ppm of acid in Juice of ascorbic B, 238.5 ppm of acid found in lemon juice 130ppm in juice B.
{"title":"Estimation of some Elements and Acids for the Different Grape Juice","authors":"D. Jamil","doi":"10.22401/JUNS.21.1.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22401/JUNS.21.1.04","url":null,"abstract":"This study included estimating the heavy elements of some types of grape juice of different origin and determining their proportions in juices and comparing them with the quality control of Iraq and observing whether it is suitable for human use or not. Calcium salts are observed as 137 ppm in C juice and 9.5 ppm of magnesium in juice B, for heavy metals the highest percentage of lead 0.19ppm recorded in juice A, 1.7 ppm of copper in B juice 3.5 ppm Iron in juice A, 0.8 ppm of zinc in B juice and A, 0.06 ppm of aluminum in B, 0.015 ppm of cobalt in juice A and B, 0.06 ppm of nickel in B juice, Sodium was 168.1 ppm in C juice, but the acids were found to have the highest rates were 3.1 ppm of malic acid in B, 156.7 ppm of acid in Juice of ascorbic B, 238.5 ppm of acid found in lemon juice 130ppm in juice B.","PeriodicalId":14922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Al-Nahrain University-Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91256426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper we present a computational method for solving delay differential equations of fractional order by employing the Laplace Adomian decomposition method. This method is combined from the Laplace transforms and the Adomian decomposition method taking into account the Caputo derivative as a motivation to describe the fractional derivative. The method is a modification of the Adomian decomposition method and is tested on two examples in order to illustrate the pertinent feature of this method the results shows that the proposed method is an effective and powerful tool for solving delay differential equations of fractional order. A comparison with the exact solution and with the existing methods such as Adomian decomposition method and homotopy analysis method is made
{"title":"Computational Method based Laplace Adomian Decomposition for Solving Delay Differential Equations of Fractional Order","authors":"Zaid Mohammed","doi":"10.22401/jnus.21.1.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22401/jnus.21.1.20","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we present a computational method for solving delay differential equations of fractional order by employing the Laplace Adomian decomposition method. This method is combined from the Laplace transforms and the Adomian decomposition method taking into account the Caputo derivative as a motivation to describe the fractional derivative. The method is a modification of the Adomian decomposition method and is tested on two examples in order to illustrate the pertinent feature of this method the results shows that the proposed method is an effective and powerful tool for solving delay differential equations of fractional order. A comparison with the exact solution and with the existing methods such as Adomian decomposition method and homotopy analysis method is made","PeriodicalId":14922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Al-Nahrain University-Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78082985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mahmood Abdulhameed Hazim, P. Saifullah, Beydaa Ahmed Abd
In Mammals Sirtuins (SIRTs) are members of the silent information regulator two family Sirtuin1 regulate a variety of cellular functions. It shows anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects against cellular damage.SIRT1 conserves the cells by the mitochondrial biogenesis organizing, cellular energy and oxido reduction state. Vascular tissues are protected by SIRT1 too. In diabetic patients mutation in exon1 of SIRT1 (L107P) in insulin-generating cells conducted in over production of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), TNF-α.Assessment of SIRT1 protein levels in newly diagnosed Iraqi diabetic in regards to family history Age, gender, and duration of disease, and its correlation with biochemical parameter in the same group. Measurement of iNOS, TNF-α.This study involved totally 40 volunteers. This group were subdivided (20) volunteers as newly diagnosis (DMT1) duration disease ˂1 year, group1 was subdivided to 10 male and 10 female: (10 with family history and 10 without family history) and group two healthy volunteers. Group1 All DMT1 were under insulin treatment. Healthy Volunteers (20) included in this study as control groups. None Healthy Volunteers were alcoholic, smoke, or having a history of (CVD) cardiovascular disease, thyroid disease, and hormonal abnormalities problems were exempted from this study.In the present study SIRT1, TNF-alpha, iNOS were measured by enzyme linked immune absorbent assay (ELISA). Biochemical parameters fasting glucose, body mass index (BMI), urea, creatinine and lipid profile that were measured by spectrophotometer technique in patients and healthy volunteers groups.The Statistical Analysis System- SAS (2012) program was used to effect of difference factors in study parameters. Least significant difference –LSD test (ANOVA) was used to significant compare between means. Estimate of correlation coefficient between difference parameters in this study.The results showed that a highly significant increase in levels of FBG, Urea, creatinine and lipid profile except HDL was decrease levels, BMI was decrease in newly diagnosis DMT1 with healthy volunteers groups. A significant decrease in SIRT1 protein, and a highly significant increase in TNF-alpha and iNOS in newly diagnosis DMT1 with healthy volunteers groups. A highly negative significantly correlation coefficient between SIRT1 and F.G., TG., VLDL,TG/HDL, A.I. and negative significantly correlation duration, urea, creatinine,T.CH., LDL. And non-significant correlation with age, BMI, HDL, CH/HDL and LDL/HDL.. Effect of gender were insignificant of SIRT1. Effect of family history in patients. SIRT1 were all insignificant in patients with family history as with non-family history group. SIRT1 could decreases in the sera of DMT1 patients with family history, the decreased SIRT1 level reflect a mutation in SIRT1 gene, the decreases in SIRT1 on increases the incident of DMT1 complication.
{"title":"Sirtuin1, Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase in Newly Diagnosed Iraqi Diabetic Patients","authors":"Mahmood Abdulhameed Hazim, P. Saifullah, Beydaa Ahmed Abd","doi":"10.22401/JNUS.21.1.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22401/JNUS.21.1.01","url":null,"abstract":"In Mammals Sirtuins (SIRTs) are members of the silent information regulator two family Sirtuin1 regulate a variety of cellular functions. It shows anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects against cellular damage.SIRT1 conserves the cells by the mitochondrial biogenesis organizing, cellular energy and oxido reduction state. Vascular tissues are protected by SIRT1 too. In diabetic patients mutation in exon1 of SIRT1 (L107P) in insulin-generating cells conducted in over production of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), TNF-α.Assessment of SIRT1 protein levels in newly diagnosed Iraqi diabetic in regards to family history Age, gender, and duration of disease, and its correlation with biochemical parameter in the same group. Measurement of iNOS, TNF-α.This study involved totally 40 volunteers. This group were subdivided (20) volunteers as newly diagnosis (DMT1) duration disease ˂1 year, group1 was subdivided to 10 male and 10 female: (10 with family history and 10 without family history) and group two healthy volunteers. Group1 All DMT1 were under insulin treatment. Healthy Volunteers (20) included in this study as control groups. None Healthy Volunteers were alcoholic, smoke, or having a history of (CVD) cardiovascular disease, thyroid disease, and hormonal abnormalities problems were exempted from this study.In the present study SIRT1, TNF-alpha, iNOS were measured by enzyme linked immune absorbent assay (ELISA). Biochemical parameters fasting glucose, body mass index (BMI), urea, creatinine and lipid profile that were measured by spectrophotometer technique in patients and healthy volunteers groups.The Statistical Analysis System- SAS (2012) program was used to effect of difference factors in study parameters. Least significant difference –LSD test (ANOVA) was used to significant compare between means. Estimate of correlation coefficient between difference parameters in this study.The results showed that a highly significant increase in levels of FBG, Urea, creatinine and lipid profile except HDL was decrease levels, BMI was decrease in newly diagnosis DMT1 with healthy volunteers groups. A significant decrease in SIRT1 protein, and a highly significant increase in TNF-alpha and iNOS in newly diagnosis DMT1 with healthy volunteers groups. A highly negative significantly correlation coefficient between SIRT1 and F.G., TG., VLDL,TG/HDL, A.I. and negative significantly correlation duration, urea, creatinine,T.CH., LDL. And non-significant correlation with age, BMI, HDL, CH/HDL and LDL/HDL.. Effect of gender were insignificant of SIRT1. Effect of family history in patients. SIRT1 were all insignificant in patients with family history as with non-family history group. SIRT1 could decreases in the sera of DMT1 patients with family history, the decreased SIRT1 level reflect a mutation in SIRT1 gene, the decreases in SIRT1 on increases the incident of DMT1 complication.","PeriodicalId":14922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Al-Nahrain University-Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83533409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fructan is a kind of biopolymer produced from plants, fungi, yeast and bacteria. It is classified as prebiotics food and enhanced the growth of probiotics bacterial strains which improves the health of the individual. This article aimed to study the production and extraction of fructan from Pseudomonas putida isolated from food samples and study the effect of fructan on the viable cell number of Lactobacillus acidophilus. The results showed that Pseudomonas putida have the ability to produce fructan when cultured on production medium (YPS), fructan exhibited as white powder when extracted from YPS and the amount of fructan was 3.6 mg/100 ml, also the results showed that fructan can increase the viable cell number of Lactobacillus acidophilus when added to MRS. FTIR analysis of fructan produced from Pseudomonas putida revealed that the functional groups found in chemical structure of fructan, which it was (C-O, C-H, O-H and C=O). [DOI: 10.22401/JUNS.21.1.15]
{"title":"Bacteriological Study for Detection The Role of Fructan Produced from Pseudomonas putida as Enhancer for Lactobacillus acidophilus Growth","authors":"A. R. Kazim","doi":"10.22401/JNUS.21.1.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22401/JNUS.21.1.15","url":null,"abstract":"Fructan is a kind of biopolymer produced from plants, fungi, yeast and bacteria. It is classified as prebiotics food and enhanced the growth of probiotics bacterial strains which improves the health of the individual. This article aimed to study the production and extraction of fructan from Pseudomonas putida isolated from food samples and study the effect of fructan on the viable cell number of Lactobacillus acidophilus. The results showed that Pseudomonas putida have the ability to produce fructan when cultured on production medium (YPS), fructan exhibited as white powder when extracted from YPS and the amount of fructan was 3.6 mg/100 ml, also the results showed that fructan can increase the viable cell number of Lactobacillus acidophilus when added to MRS. FTIR analysis of fructan produced from Pseudomonas putida revealed that the functional groups found in chemical structure of fructan, which it was (C-O, C-H, O-H and C=O). [DOI: 10.22401/JUNS.21.1.15]","PeriodicalId":14922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Al-Nahrain University-Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84116160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. H. Mohammed, Mohammed G. S. AL-Safi, A. A. Yousif
In this article, a Legendre wavelet- Chebyshev wavelet spectral collocation method is proposed for solving fractional order space-time Burger's equation with the Legendre wavelet and Chebyshev wavelet operational matrices of fractional derivatives. The fractional derivative is described in the Caputo sense. The proposed method is based on Legendre wavelet-Chebyshev wavelet for space and time variables respectively. This method will reduc the problem under consideration to the solution of nonlinear algebraic equations. In order to confirm the efficiency of the proposed method, two numerical examples are implemented and comparing the numerical solution with the exact one, as well as, of other methods in given literatures, we demonstrate the high accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method.
{"title":"Numerical Solution for Fractional Order Space-Time Burger's Equation Using Legendre Wavelet - Chebyshev Wavelet Spectral Collocation Method","authors":"O. H. Mohammed, Mohammed G. S. AL-Safi, A. A. Yousif","doi":"10.22401/JNUS.21.1.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22401/JNUS.21.1.19","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, a Legendre wavelet- Chebyshev wavelet spectral collocation method is proposed for solving fractional order space-time Burger's equation with the Legendre wavelet and Chebyshev wavelet operational matrices of fractional derivatives. The fractional derivative is described in the Caputo sense. The proposed method is based on Legendre wavelet-Chebyshev wavelet for space and time variables respectively. This method will reduc the problem under consideration to the solution of nonlinear algebraic equations. In order to confirm the efficiency of the proposed method, two numerical examples are implemented and comparing the numerical solution with the exact one, as well as, of other methods in given literatures, we demonstrate the high accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":14922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Al-Nahrain University-Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83250866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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