Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) based fiber optic sensor with two types of plasmonic metals (gold and silver) are theoretically studied and implemented experimentally. Performance characteristics like sensitivity, signal to noise ratio, the figure of merit, and resolution are evaluated for both simulated and fabricated sensor. The results of theoretical and experimental studies and also between the sensor with the gold layer and that with silver have been compared. Sensitivity is larger for the sensor with the gold layer while the signal to noise ratio and figure of merit are larger for the sensor with the silver layer for both the experimental and theoretical studies. The resolution is slightly larger for the sensor with the gold layer and there is some difference between the resolution of the simulated and that of the fabricated sensor. [DOI: 10.22401/JUNS.21.1.11]
{"title":"Surface Plasmon Resonance Based Fiber Optic Sensor: Theoretical Simulation and Experimental Realization","authors":"M. F. Sultan, A. Al-Zuky, S. Kadhim","doi":"10.22401/JUNS.21.1.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22401/JUNS.21.1.11","url":null,"abstract":"Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) based fiber optic sensor with two types of plasmonic metals (gold and silver) are theoretically studied and implemented experimentally. Performance characteristics like sensitivity, signal to noise ratio, the figure of merit, and resolution are evaluated for both simulated and fabricated sensor. The results of theoretical and experimental studies and also between the sensor with the gold layer and that with silver have been compared. Sensitivity is larger for the sensor with the gold layer while the signal to noise ratio and figure of merit are larger for the sensor with the silver layer for both the experimental and theoretical studies. The resolution is slightly larger for the sensor with the gold layer and there is some difference between the resolution of the simulated and that of the fabricated sensor. [DOI: 10.22401/JUNS.21.1.11]","PeriodicalId":14922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Al-Nahrain University-Science","volume":"18 6 1","pages":"65-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75579463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ghufran Saad Nsaif, A. Abdallah, N. S. Ahmed, W. ALfatlawi
Cancer is the second reason of deaths worldwide while breast cancer is the more spread cancer in women, comprising 29 % from all cancers that they are affected Samples were obtained from patients undergoing surgery in center from breast cancer in oncology teaching hospital Al-Eluia hospital for woman care All blood samples were taken of the patients (110 women) and divided into four groups benign, malignant, radiotherapy and control group In order to measurement estrogen levels which are influenced by the menstrual cycle, the main groups were furthermore divided into sub-groups, premenopausal and postmenopausal women The mean value ± SE of Body Mass Index (BMI) for control, benign, malignant and radiotherapy breast cancer were showed a non-significant change in the comparison of groups according to the Duncan test Estrogen were increased before therapy but decreased following therapy The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA)were elevated in patients after radiotherapy The mean value ± SE of vitamin E were decreased in studied groups Present study aims to study the effects of serum estrogen, vitamin E and antioxidant status in breast cancer patients
{"title":"Evaluation of Estridiol and Some Antioxidant in Breast Cancer Iraqi Women","authors":"Ghufran Saad Nsaif, A. Abdallah, N. S. Ahmed, W. ALfatlawi","doi":"10.22401/JNUS.21.1.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22401/JNUS.21.1.06","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer is the second reason of deaths worldwide while breast cancer is the more spread cancer in women, comprising 29 % from all cancers that they are affected Samples were obtained from patients undergoing surgery in center from breast cancer in oncology teaching hospital Al-Eluia hospital for woman care All blood samples were taken of the patients (110 women) and divided into four groups benign, malignant, radiotherapy and control group In order to measurement estrogen levels which are influenced by the menstrual cycle, the main groups were furthermore divided into sub-groups, premenopausal and postmenopausal women The mean value ± SE of Body Mass Index (BMI) for control, benign, malignant and radiotherapy breast cancer were showed a non-significant change in the comparison of groups according to the Duncan test Estrogen were increased before therapy but decreased following therapy The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA)were elevated in patients after radiotherapy The mean value ± SE of vitamin E were decreased in studied groups Present study aims to study the effects of serum estrogen, vitamin E and antioxidant status in breast cancer patients","PeriodicalId":14922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Al-Nahrain University-Science","volume":"19 1","pages":"35-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74324501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The first step to achieve Staphylococcus aureus infections is the adhesion process that is mediated by proteins belong to the microbial surface component recognizing adhesive matrix molecules (MSCRAMMs). The distribution of these proteins is different among S. aureus isolates. In Iraq, there are no previous studies have been done in regard of distribution of these important virulence factors. Therefore, this study was designed to use PCR for screening of MSCRAMMs genes among local S. aureus isolates and determination of some virulence factors. S. aureus isolates (32) were collected from different hospitals in Baghdad and were diagnosed by conventional methods (cultural methods, colony morphology, Gram stain and biochemical tests). API Staph. System was used to confirm the diagnosis. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed by disc diffusion method for ten antibiotics. The ability to produce some virulence factors by bacterial isolated was detected [hemolysis activity, Deoxy ribonuclease (DNase) production and biofilm production]. The diagnosis of bacterial isolates was super-confirmed using PCR to detect the nuc gene. Uniplex and multiplex PCR were used to detect the MSCRAMMs genes (Uniplex PCR was used to detect fnbA and cna genes (each alone). multiplex PCR were used to detect bbp and ebp genes in one run and clfA, clfB, fib and fnbB genes in other run. All isolates were diagnosed as S. aureus (were negative to oxidase. Positive to catalase, slide and tube coagulase and Ferment mannitol). All isolates were recorded as S. aureus by API Staph system. A high prevalence of MRSA strains (78 %) was detected, vancomycin and imipenem were the most affected with percentage (97 %) and (94 %) respectively; results of susceptibility to other antibiotics was variant. Beta hemolysis was detected in (65.6 %) of isolates, 34.4% of isolates did not give any zone (gamma hemolysis), while no alpha hemolysis have been detected. On the other hand, all isolates (100%) produced DNase enzyme. The results of biofilm production assay shown that 40.6% of strains gave a weak positive results. The results shown that all isolates (100%) that were diagnosed as S. aureus by traditional methods harbored the nuc gene. The distribution percentage of bbp, ebp, clfA, clfB, cna, fib, fnbA and fnbB were 21.9%, 90.6%, 100%, 81.3%, 93.8%, 96.9%, 100% and 25% respectively. The distribution of adhesive genes are variant among S. aureus isolates and the infection sources. The bbp is the most specific infection associated gene with osteomyelitis. [DOI: 10.22401/JUNS.21.1.13]
{"title":"Molecular Screening of Adhesion Proteins Genes in Staphylococcus aureus Strains Isolated from Different Clinical Infections in Baghdad City and Identification of Their Relationship with Some Virulence Factors","authors":"Safaa A.L. Al Meani, Aalaa Theyab Ahmed Al Ani","doi":"10.22401/jnus.21.1.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22401/jnus.21.1.13","url":null,"abstract":"The first step to achieve Staphylococcus aureus infections is the adhesion process that is mediated by proteins belong to the microbial surface component recognizing adhesive matrix molecules (MSCRAMMs). The distribution of these proteins is different among S. aureus isolates. In Iraq, there are no previous studies have been done in regard of distribution of these important virulence factors. Therefore, this study was designed to use PCR for screening of MSCRAMMs genes among local S. aureus isolates and determination of some virulence factors. S. aureus isolates (32) were collected from different hospitals in Baghdad and were diagnosed by conventional methods (cultural methods, colony morphology, Gram stain and biochemical tests). API Staph. System was used to confirm the diagnosis. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed by disc diffusion method for ten antibiotics. The ability to produce some virulence factors by bacterial isolated was detected [hemolysis activity, Deoxy ribonuclease (DNase) production and biofilm production]. The diagnosis of bacterial isolates was super-confirmed using PCR to detect the nuc gene. Uniplex and multiplex PCR were used to detect the MSCRAMMs genes (Uniplex PCR was used to detect fnbA and cna genes (each alone). multiplex PCR were used to detect bbp and ebp genes in one run and clfA, clfB, fib and fnbB genes in other run. All isolates were diagnosed as S. aureus (were negative to oxidase. Positive to catalase, slide and tube coagulase and Ferment mannitol). All isolates were recorded as S. aureus by API Staph system. A high prevalence of MRSA strains (78 %) was detected, vancomycin and imipenem were the most affected with percentage (97 %) and (94 %) respectively; results of susceptibility to other antibiotics was variant. Beta hemolysis was detected in (65.6 %) of isolates, 34.4% of isolates did not give any zone (gamma hemolysis), while no alpha hemolysis have been detected. On the other hand, all isolates (100%) produced DNase enzyme. The results of biofilm production assay shown that 40.6% of strains gave a weak positive results. The results shown that all isolates (100%) that were diagnosed as S. aureus by traditional methods harbored the nuc gene. The distribution percentage of bbp, ebp, clfA, clfB, cna, fib, fnbA and fnbB were 21.9%, 90.6%, 100%, 81.3%, 93.8%, 96.9%, 100% and 25% respectively. The distribution of adhesive genes are variant among S. aureus isolates and the infection sources. The bbp is the most specific infection associated gene with osteomyelitis. [DOI: 10.22401/JUNS.21.1.13]","PeriodicalId":14922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Al-Nahrain University-Science","volume":"22 1","pages":"79-89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86505645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The stability of ionic liquid which makes it interest to study the photochemistry of hydrated ammonium aluminum sulfate NH4Al SO4)2.12H2O-urea CO NH2)2 sample to show photo degradation rate by FTIR spectra effect with different times which indicated a few influence irradiation the ionic liquid with increase time that indication stability of ionic liquids green chemistry).
{"title":"Photochemical Study of Hydrated Ammonium Aluminum Sulfate-Urea Ionic Liquid by FT-IR Spectroscopy","authors":"Evon Akram","doi":"10.22401/JNUS.21.1.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22401/JNUS.21.1.07","url":null,"abstract":"The stability of ionic liquid which makes it interest to study the photochemistry of hydrated ammonium aluminum sulfate NH4Al SO4)2.12H2O-urea CO NH2)2 sample to show photo degradation rate by FTIR spectra effect with different times which indicated a few influence irradiation the ionic liquid with increase time that indication stability of ionic liquids green chemistry).","PeriodicalId":14922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Al-Nahrain University-Science","volume":"38 1","pages":"41-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88649833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study was conducted in the department of pathological analysis in Al-Kut technical institute of Iraq, were the total dissolved solid (TDS) and the level of zinc and copper trace elements measured for tap water and reverse osmosis RO water in several areas of Al-Kut city. Two groups of healthy pregnant women attending maternity health centers in Al-Kut city were selected for this study during the week 24-28 of gestation, aged between 20-40 years. The first group consisted of 55 pregnant women using tap water as drinking source and the second group also included 55 pregnant women using RO water as drinking source. The blood samples were collected from both groups and hemoglobin, zinc and copper levels were measured in both groups. The study showed a highly decreased in the level of TDS(15 + 5), zinc (1 + 0. 1) and copper (1 + 0. 2) of RO water in comparison with tap water were TDS(680 + 32), zinc (5.4 + 2.1) and copper (8.7 + 3.1) also study show significance decrease in hemoglobin(10.8 + 1.1), zinc(7.8 + 1.8) and copper (9.1 + 2.1) levels in pregnant woman who drinking RO water in comparison with woman drinking tap water were the level of hemoglobin(11.3 + 1.3), zinc(9.4 + 2.6) and copper(10.9 + 3.6). [DOI: 10.22401/JUNS.21.1.08]
{"title":"A Comparative Study of the Effect of Using RO Water on Zinc and Copper Level and its Effect on the Level of Hemoglobin in Pregnant Women","authors":"Riyadh Hussein Wally","doi":"10.22401/jnus.21.1.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22401/jnus.21.1.08","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted in the department of pathological analysis in Al-Kut technical institute of Iraq, were the total dissolved solid (TDS) and the level of zinc and copper trace elements measured for tap water and reverse osmosis RO water in several areas of Al-Kut city. Two groups of healthy pregnant women attending maternity health centers in Al-Kut city were selected for this study during the week 24-28 of gestation, aged between 20-40 years. The first group consisted of 55 pregnant women using tap water as drinking source and the second group also included 55 pregnant women using RO water as drinking source. The blood samples were collected from both groups and hemoglobin, zinc and copper levels were measured in both groups. The study showed a highly decreased in the level of TDS(15 + 5), zinc (1 + 0. 1) and copper (1 + 0. 2) of RO water in comparison with tap water were TDS(680 + 32), zinc (5.4 + 2.1) and copper (8.7 + 3.1) also study show significance decrease in hemoglobin(10.8 + 1.1), zinc(7.8 + 1.8) and copper (9.1 + 2.1) levels in pregnant woman who drinking RO water in comparison with woman drinking tap water were the level of hemoglobin(11.3 + 1.3), zinc(9.4 + 2.6) and copper(10.9 + 3.6). [DOI: 10.22401/JUNS.21.1.08]","PeriodicalId":14922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Al-Nahrain University-Science","volume":"116 1","pages":"46-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87730110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The activity concentrations for 232 Th, 238 U, 40 K, and 137 Cs were measured in bentonite samples using high purity germanium detector. These samples were collected from the main distribution markets in Baghdad, the capital of Iraq. The mean activity concentrations for 232 Th, 238 U, 40 K and 137 Cs were found to be 6.10, 5.89, 162 and 1.8 Bq/kg respectively. The results of specific activities were less than the recommended global values by (UNSCEAR, 2000). The radiation hazard indices in therapeutic bentonite have been also measured. The total air absorbed dose rate, the annual effective dose, the radium equivalent activity, the external hazard index and the excess lifetime cancer risk have a mean value of 13.2 nGy/h, 0.0000162 Sv, 27 Bq/kg, 0.073, and 0.000053 respectively. Low radiation hazard indices were recorded. These low levels indicated that the mud is safe, and suitable to be used in therapy, also the dealer with this mud are not exposed to any radiation hazards. [DOI: 10.22401/JUNS.21.1.09]
{"title":"Determination of the Radiation Hazard Indices and Excess Lifetime Cancer Risk in Iraqi Bentonite","authors":"Rasha S. Ahmed, R. Mohammed, Ahlam Rashid Kharbat","doi":"10.22401/jnus.21.1.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22401/jnus.21.1.09","url":null,"abstract":"The activity concentrations for 232 Th, 238 U, 40 K, and 137 Cs were measured in bentonite samples using high purity germanium detector. These samples were collected from the main distribution markets in Baghdad, the capital of Iraq. The mean activity concentrations for 232 Th, 238 U, 40 K and 137 Cs were found to be 6.10, 5.89, 162 and 1.8 Bq/kg respectively. The results of specific activities were less than the recommended global values by (UNSCEAR, 2000). The radiation hazard indices in therapeutic bentonite have been also measured. The total air absorbed dose rate, the annual effective dose, the radium equivalent activity, the external hazard index and the excess lifetime cancer risk have a mean value of 13.2 nGy/h, 0.0000162 Sv, 27 Bq/kg, 0.073, and 0.000053 respectively. Low radiation hazard indices were recorded. These low levels indicated that the mud is safe, and suitable to be used in therapy, also the dealer with this mud are not exposed to any radiation hazards. [DOI: 10.22401/JUNS.21.1.09]","PeriodicalId":14922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Al-Nahrain University-Science","volume":"24 1","pages":"52-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74215206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Diabetes mellitus (DM) represents one of the common threats to modern global health. There are several factors increasingly encourage the occurrence of this disease for example obesity, population growth and ageing. The DM may affect male fertility at different level of functionality, by affecting on endocrine hormones that regulate spermatogenesis or affecting on spermatogenesis itself, impairing penile erection and ejaculation, reducing testosterone, increasing percentage of sperm DNA fragmentation. In fact, high level of sperm DNA fragmentation may lower natural conception, intrauterine insemination (IUI), and in vitro fertilisation (IVF) outcomes. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential therapeutic effect of water extract of Zingiber officinale (Z. officinale) roots in alloxan-induced diabetic mice on improving sperm quality and fertilization rate and early embryonic development outcomes. Male mice have subjugated for alloxan injection to induce diabetes mellitus. Diabetic males were treated with Z. officinale extract for 35 days at 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight bw. Data showed a significant enhancement in sperm parameters (count, motility and abnormal morphology), reduction of sperm DNA fragmentation rates, IVF outcomes and early embryonic development rates. In conclusion, the study suggests that Z. officinale possess a potential therapeutic effect to improve diabetic male with fertility problems. [DOI: 10.22401/JUNS.21.1.12]
{"title":"Zingiber Officinale Water Extract Effect on Sperm of Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Mice: an In Vitro Examination of Sperm DNA Fragmentation, Fertilization and Embryonic Development Outcomes","authors":"Zena M. Hussein","doi":"10.22401/JNUS.21.1.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22401/JNUS.21.1.12","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes mellitus (DM) represents one of the common threats to modern global health. There are several factors increasingly encourage the occurrence of this disease for example obesity, population growth and ageing. The DM may affect male fertility at different level of functionality, by affecting on endocrine hormones that regulate spermatogenesis or affecting on spermatogenesis itself, impairing penile erection and ejaculation, reducing testosterone, increasing percentage of sperm DNA fragmentation. In fact, high level of sperm DNA fragmentation may lower natural conception, intrauterine insemination (IUI), and in vitro fertilisation (IVF) outcomes. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential therapeutic effect of water extract of Zingiber officinale (Z. officinale) roots in alloxan-induced diabetic mice on improving sperm quality and fertilization rate and early embryonic development outcomes. Male mice have subjugated for alloxan injection to induce diabetes mellitus. Diabetic males were treated with Z. officinale extract for 35 days at 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight bw. Data showed a significant enhancement in sperm parameters (count, motility and abnormal morphology), reduction of sperm DNA fragmentation rates, IVF outcomes and early embryonic development rates. In conclusion, the study suggests that Z. officinale possess a potential therapeutic effect to improve diabetic male with fertility problems. [DOI: 10.22401/JUNS.21.1.12]","PeriodicalId":14922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Al-Nahrain University-Science","volume":"31 1","pages":"71-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82175038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Genomic DNA was isolated from variable biological sources. Nails contain genomic DNA but there is limitation in isolating of genetic material from this tissue due to the special composition and structure of this tissue in which DNA embedded in keratinized cells. This study aimed to investigate the capability of using DNA that isolated from fingernails in forensic analysis. Thirty fingernails clipping were collected from three groups (10 fingernail samples for children, 10 fingernail samples for adolescent and 10 fingernail samples for adult) in addition to thirty buccal swabs collected from the same volunteers as reference samples. Both fingernail clipping and buccal swabs were subjected to DNA extraction using phenol/chloroform extraction. All samples were typed for fifteen autosomal STR loci along with amelogenin, using the Applied Biosystems AmpFiSTR® IdentifilerTM kit. Our finding showed that input of 5 mg nail material (1 to 2 of fingernail clippings) gives a variable yield of DNA concentration also there was no significant difference in The mean of concentration for samples that isolated from whole fingernail and those isolated from fingernail after cut into small pieces for children groups while there were significant difference for adult and adolescent groups (0.107702, 0.07544 and 0.000192 respectively). Also the allele’s percentage of STR profiles for three age groups was fluctuated among (100, 33.3, 53.3, 66.6, 73.3, 86.6, and 93.3%). [DOI: 10.22401/JUNS.21.1.16] Keyword: Genomic DNA, Fingernail, DNA analysis, Allele percentage, STR profile. Introduction Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) profiling is an effective technique for human identification and/ or the resolution of criminal and civil legal disputes. One force characteristic of DNA profiling is that it may be used in assortment of various biological sources. Some of these sources include blood [1,2], semen[3], hair[4-6], saliva[7],bone[8-14] and teeth [1517]. DNA profiling of individuals with short tandem repeat (STR) markers is commonly used in forensic genetics and paternity testing. Short tandem repeats are non-coding regions of DNA used for forensic identification due to the variation between individual found in these regions [18]. They occupy about 3% of the human genome and occur on every 10,000 nucleotides [19]. Nail, hair, horn and feather (keratinous tissues) have been utilized as a source of genetic material for over 20 years. There are particular benefits of using keratinous tissues include the ease obtaining of the sample and the relative stability of DNA in these tissues [20]. Many studies have confirmed that nails are suitable for analysis [21-23], but their use as a provenance of DNA in the forensic field is rather rare. The aim of the present study was to verify whether human nails are appropriate for personal identification and paternity testing. Materials and Methods Samples Thirty fresh human fingernails were obtained from random volunteers an age average (8-60). Th
基因组DNA是从不同的生物来源分离出来的。指甲含有基因组DNA，但由于指甲组织的特殊组成和结构，DNA嵌入角化细胞中，因此从指甲组织中分离遗传物质受到限制。本研究旨在探讨从指甲中分离的DNA在法医分析中的应用能力。从三组(10个儿童指甲样本，10个青少年指甲样本和10个成人指甲样本)中收集30个剪指甲样本，并从同一组志愿者中收集30个口腔拭子样本作为参考样本。指甲修剪和口腔拭子均采用苯酚/氯仿萃取法提取DNA。使用Applied Biosystems AmpFiSTR®IdentifilerTM试剂盒，对所有样本进行15个常染色体STR位点和淀粉原蛋白分型。结果表明，5 mg指甲材料(1 ~ 2个指甲剪)的输入量可以产生不同的DNA浓度，儿童组的全指甲分离样品和切成小块的指甲分离样品的平均浓度无显著差异，成人组和青少年组的平均浓度差异显著(分别为0.107702、0.07544和0.000192)。3个年龄组STR等位基因比例在100、33.3、53.3、66.6、73.3、86.6、93.3%之间波动。[DOI: 10.22401/ june .21.1.16]关键词:基因组DNA，指甲，DNA分析，等位基因百分比，STR谱。脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)分析是人类身份识别和/或解决刑事和民事法律纠纷的有效技术。DNA分析的一个重要特点是它可以用于各种生物来源的分类。这些来源包括血液[1,2]、精液[3]、毛发[4-6]、唾液[7]、骨骼[8-14]和牙齿[1517]。用短串联重复序列(STR)标记对个体进行DNA分析是法医遗传学和亲子鉴定中常用的方法。短串联重复序列是用于法医鉴定的DNA非编码区域，因为在这些区域发现的个体之间存在差异[18]。它们约占人类基因组的3%，每10000个核苷酸中出现一次[19]。指甲、头发、角和羽毛(角质组织)已被用作遗传物质的来源超过20年。使用角状组织有一些特别的好处，包括易于获得样品和这些组织中DNA的相对稳定性[20]。许多研究证实，指甲适合用于分析[21-23]，但在法医领域将其用作DNA来源的情况相当罕见。本研究的目的是验证人的指甲是否适合于个人鉴定和亲子鉴定。材料与方法样本随机抽取年龄在8-60岁的志愿者30个新鲜指甲。还从同一志愿者身上收集了30份口腔拭子作为参考样本。指甲受到两种不同的处理。在第一种处理中，DNA从整个指甲剪中分离出来，而在第二种处理中，指甲剪被切成小块，以增加暴露于溶解溶液的表面积。DNA提取对先前发表的方案进行修改后，采用有机方法从指甲样本中提取DNA[21]，并根据Souvik等人的方法提取口腔拭子样本。2013[24]。移除
{"title":"Short Tandem Repeat Typing Using Endogenous DNA Isolated from Human Fingernail","authors":"Miriam Jasim Shehab","doi":"10.22401/JNUS.21.1.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22401/JNUS.21.1.16","url":null,"abstract":"Genomic DNA was isolated from variable biological sources. Nails contain genomic DNA but there is limitation in isolating of genetic material from this tissue due to the special composition and structure of this tissue in which DNA embedded in keratinized cells. This study aimed to investigate the capability of using DNA that isolated from fingernails in forensic analysis. Thirty fingernails clipping were collected from three groups (10 fingernail samples for children, 10 fingernail samples for adolescent and 10 fingernail samples for adult) in addition to thirty buccal swabs collected from the same volunteers as reference samples. Both fingernail clipping and buccal swabs were subjected to DNA extraction using phenol/chloroform extraction. All samples were typed for fifteen autosomal STR loci along with amelogenin, using the Applied Biosystems AmpFiSTR® IdentifilerTM kit. Our finding showed that input of 5 mg nail material (1 to 2 of fingernail clippings) gives a variable yield of DNA concentration also there was no significant difference in The mean of concentration for samples that isolated from whole fingernail and those isolated from fingernail after cut into small pieces for children groups while there were significant difference for adult and adolescent groups (0.107702, 0.07544 and 0.000192 respectively). Also the allele’s percentage of STR profiles for three age groups was fluctuated among (100, 33.3, 53.3, 66.6, 73.3, 86.6, and 93.3%). [DOI: 10.22401/JUNS.21.1.16] Keyword: Genomic DNA, Fingernail, DNA analysis, Allele percentage, STR profile. Introduction Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) profiling is an effective technique for human identification and/ or the resolution of criminal and civil legal disputes. One force characteristic of DNA profiling is that it may be used in assortment of various biological sources. Some of these sources include blood [1,2], semen[3], hair[4-6], saliva[7],bone[8-14] and teeth [1517]. DNA profiling of individuals with short tandem repeat (STR) markers is commonly used in forensic genetics and paternity testing. Short tandem repeats are non-coding regions of DNA used for forensic identification due to the variation between individual found in these regions [18]. They occupy about 3% of the human genome and occur on every 10,000 nucleotides [19]. Nail, hair, horn and feather (keratinous tissues) have been utilized as a source of genetic material for over 20 years. There are particular benefits of using keratinous tissues include the ease obtaining of the sample and the relative stability of DNA in these tissues [20]. Many studies have confirmed that nails are suitable for analysis [21-23], but their use as a provenance of DNA in the forensic field is rather rare. The aim of the present study was to verify whether human nails are appropriate for personal identification and paternity testing. Materials and Methods Samples Thirty fresh human fingernails were obtained from random volunteers an age average (8-60). Th","PeriodicalId":14922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Al-Nahrain University-Science","volume":"9 1","pages":"104-110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75287976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The advantages of pharmaceutics and biological activity of some ionic liquids (ILs) on human serum (HS) and bacterial growth were studied. The effect of aluminum nitrate-acetamide (AN-Ac) and aluminum ammonium sulfate-urea (ammonium alum-urea) ionic liquids were studied on two types of bacterial species gram negative (K.pneumoniae) and gram positive (Staph.aureus). The results showed that the key factors of inhibition are the type, structures, kind of anion and cation of ILs, water miscibility and concentration of ILs and the type of microorganism in both solid and liquid media. Inhibition of bacteria growth was observed to be decreased with decreasing the quantities of (AN-Ac) and (ammonium alum-urea) ILs. The inhibition zone (The Kirby-Bauer Disk Diffusion Test), beside the optical density were measured at 600 nm for bacterial broth incubated at 37 oC for 24hrs with different concentrations of ionic liquids of (2, 5, 10, 20)% (v/v). Subsequently, the results of optical densities were calculated as colony forming units (CFUs). The concentration of ILs was calculated practically until it reached the optimal concentration of 2% (v/v). This concentration caused no variation on serum parameters likes sugar, lipid profile, protein, liver functions, kidney functions, and electrolytes, obtained by using Automatic biochemistry analyzers technique. [DOI: 10.22401/JUNS.21.1.03]
{"title":"Effect of Some Aluminum Salts - Amine Ionic Liquids on Several Serum Human Parameters and Bacterial Growth of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus","authors":"Bassam B. Hasan, H. Abood, N. Mohamed","doi":"10.22401/JUNS.21.1.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22401/JUNS.21.1.03","url":null,"abstract":"The advantages of pharmaceutics and biological activity of some ionic liquids (ILs) on human serum (HS) and bacterial growth were studied. The effect of aluminum nitrate-acetamide (AN-Ac) and aluminum ammonium sulfate-urea (ammonium alum-urea) ionic liquids were studied on two types of bacterial species gram negative (K.pneumoniae) and gram positive (Staph.aureus). The results showed that the key factors of inhibition are the type, structures, kind of anion and cation of ILs, water miscibility and concentration of ILs and the type of microorganism in both solid and liquid media. Inhibition of bacteria growth was observed to be decreased with decreasing the quantities of (AN-Ac) and (ammonium alum-urea) ILs. The inhibition zone (The Kirby-Bauer Disk Diffusion Test), beside the optical density were measured at 600 nm for bacterial broth incubated at 37 oC for 24hrs with different concentrations of ionic liquids of (2, 5, 10, 20)% (v/v). Subsequently, the results of optical densities were calculated as colony forming units (CFUs). The concentration of ILs was calculated practically until it reached the optimal concentration of 2% (v/v). This concentration caused no variation on serum parameters likes sugar, lipid profile, protein, liver functions, kidney functions, and electrolytes, obtained by using Automatic biochemistry analyzers technique. [DOI: 10.22401/JUNS.21.1.03]","PeriodicalId":14922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Al-Nahrain University-Science","volume":"50 1","pages":"14-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89970770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ilver- Poly vinyl alcohol Ag/ PVA nanocomposite films were prepared by casting method at room temperature with different amount of AgNO3 solution (0.001, 0.0015, and 0.002ml). The prepared nanocomposites were characterized using UV–VIS spectrophotometer and the optical properties were investigated in the wavelength range 300-800 nm. The absorption peaks showed a shift towards higher wavelength with increasing AgNO3 concentration while the energy band gap and absorption edges shifted towards lower energies with the increase of AgNO3 concentration.
{"title":"Synthesis and Optical Characterization of Ag/PVA Nanocomposites Films","authors":"H. Salloom, A. Jasim, T. Hamad","doi":"10.22401/JNUS.20.4.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22401/JNUS.20.4.10","url":null,"abstract":"ilver- Poly vinyl alcohol Ag/ PVA nanocomposite films were prepared by casting method at room temperature with different amount of AgNO3 solution (0.001, 0.0015, and 0.002ml). The prepared nanocomposites were characterized using UV–VIS spectrophotometer and the optical properties were investigated in the wavelength range 300-800 nm. The absorption peaks showed a shift towards higher wavelength with increasing AgNO3 concentration while the energy band gap and absorption edges shifted towards lower energies with the increase of AgNO3 concentration.","PeriodicalId":14922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Al-Nahrain University-Science","volume":"22 1","pages":"56-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74910178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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