Journal of affective disorders最新文献

{"title":"Higher physical activity is associated with reduced odds of depressive symptoms among university students: A meta-analysis of over 66,000 participants","authors":"Aline Josiane Waclawovsky ,&nbsp;Jênifer de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Carolina Piccolo de Carvalho ,&nbsp;Maria Eduarda Adornes ,&nbsp;Eduarda dos Santos ,&nbsp;Sebastian Wolf ,&nbsp;Carlos Cristi-Montero ,&nbsp;Megan Teychenne ,&nbsp;Brendon Stubbs ,&nbsp;Andrea Camaz Deslandes ,&nbsp;Felipe Barreto Schuch","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2026.121319","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2026.121319","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Depression is highly prevalent among university students, who also exhibit low levels of physical activity. Although physical activity is associated with a lower likelihood of depressive symptoms, the magnitude of its effect in this population has not been systematically assessed. This study reviewed and performed a meta-analysis of the association between physical activity and depressive symptoms in university students. The Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and SPORTDiscus databases were searched from inception to January 24, 2025, for relevant studies. Random-effects meta-analyses were used to calculate adjusted (aOR) and unadjusted (OR) odds ratios for depressive symptoms based on physical activity levels. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024591429). Twenty-two studies, involving 66,683 students (median age: 21 years, 56.5% female), were included. Students with higher levels of physical activity had lower odds of depressive symptoms compared to those with lower levels (adjusted OR = 0.614, 95% CI: 0.540–0.698, I² = 47.5%). Subgroup analyses revealed no differences between studies conducted during or outside the COVID-19 pandemic. Among students in health sciences programs, higher physical activity was associated with a 34% lower likelihood of depressive symptoms (adjusted OR = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.49–0.88, I² = 33.2%). These findings indicate that increased physical activity is associated with a lower likelihood of depressive symptoms in university students, supporting its promotion as a mental health intervention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":"401 ","pages":"Article 121319"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146100217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experiences of Australian clinicians, researchers, and patients with MDMA-assisted psychotherapy for post-traumatic stress disorder: A framework-guided qualitative analysis","authors":"Alene Sze Jing Yong ,&nbsp;Aimée Freeburn ,&nbsp;Suzie Bratuskins ,&nbsp;Gillinder Bedi ,&nbsp;J. Simon Bell","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2026.121276","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2026.121276","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Australia recently became the first country to reschedule methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) to permit authorized prescribing for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) outside of clinical trials. This study explored the direct experience of Australian clinicians, researchers, and patients regarding the use of MDMA-assisted psychotherapy (MDMA-AP) for PTSD to inform guideline development.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with clinicians, researchers, and patients who had direct experience with the use of MDMA-AP or PTSD. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and coded. Themes were developed using both inductive and deductive approaches (guided by the World Health Organization Guide to Good Prescribing framework).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Twenty-one interviews were conducted with clinicians (mental health-focused general practitioners, psychiatrists, psychologists, therapists), researchers (health economist, pharmacologist, social worker, trial researcher), and patients. Eleven themes emerged: (1) role of MDMA-AP in relation to established PTSD therapies; (2) importance of expectation management and shared decision-making; (3) perceived therapeutic benefits of MDMA-AP; (4) importance of comprehensive baseline screening (medical, psychological, financial, and social support); (5) variable patient values and preferences; (6) desire for flexible treatment protocols; (7) importance of comprehensive and ongoing consent; (8) duty of care in establishing strong therapeutic alliance; (9) patient need for information about process and logistics; (10) treatment monitoring and discontinuation; and (11) importance of post-treatment continuity of care.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Australians with direct experience of the use of MDMA-AP or PTSD highlight the importance of expectation management, comprehensive screening, consent, safeguard measures, therapeutic alliance, integration of care, and training of healthcare providers. As MDMA-AP becomes implemented into clinical practice, there is scope to incorporate these insights into a national guideline.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":"401 ","pages":"Article 121276"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146112890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Altered entropy modulation in bipolar disorder: EEG entropy measures during steady-state auditory entrainment","authors":"William T. Creel,&nbsp;Grace D. Seibly,&nbsp;Colleen A. Brenner,&nbsp;Richard E. Hartman","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2026.121261","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2026.121261","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Non-linear neural dynamics reflect the inherent complexity of brain activity and are increasingly recognized as important indicators of neural adaptability and integrity. Bipolar disorder (BD) is associated with atypical brain activity, as evidenced by prior research demonstrating altered electroencephalography (EEG) spectral entropy and gamma-band auditory steady-state response (aSSR) deficits, suggesting impaired neural adaptability.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this study, EEG data from 230 participants (BD = 90, control = 140) were analyzed to investigate differences in signal complexity using fuzzy entropy (FuzzEn) levels during 40 Hz auditory entrainment exposure and to evaluate the diagnostic utility of FuzzEn features using an extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) machine learning classifier.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Individuals with BD demonstrated significantly higher FuzzEn at baseline (Median = 0.234 vs. 0.142, <em>p</em> &lt; .001) and during stimulus exposure (Median = 0.267 vs. 0.196, <em>p</em> &lt; .001), along with reduced entropy modulation (Median = 0.023 vs. 0.036, <em>p</em> &lt; .001) compared to controls. The XGBoost classifier achieved a modest diagnostic accuracy of 67%, highlighting the contribution of FuzzEn features in capturing neural dynamics relevant to BD.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings suggest that impaired neural adaptation to sensory input in BD may be linked to heightened disorder in brain activity, informing the development of diagnostics and therapeutic interventions for BD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":"401 ","pages":"Article 121261"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146118956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mediation roles of oxidative stress, inflammation, and insulin resistance biomarkers in the sitting time-depression association among U.S. adults","authors":"Zihao Wan ,&nbsp;Shanshan Cai ,&nbsp;Hongfei Mo","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2026.121326","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2026.121326","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to investigate the mediating roles of biomarkers of oxidative stress, inflammation, and insulin resistance in the association between sitting time and depression, and to determine the threshold value of sitting time linked to elevated depression rate.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Nationally representative data from the United States were analyzed, including 22,410 adults. Sitting time was self-reported using a Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) based interview item. Depression was assessed with the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), with a score of ≥10 indicating depression. Mediators included biomarkers of oxidative stress (GGT, UA, HDL, UHR), inflammation (NLR, MLR, NMLR, HRR, RAR, SIRI, SII), and insulin resistance (TYG, TYG_BMI, TYG_WHTR, HOMA_IR, METS_IR). Associations and mediation effects were examined using logistic regression, linear regression, restricted cubic spline (RCS) analyzes, and Bayesian mediation models, adjusted for demographic and comorbidity confounders.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Sitting time ≥ 8 h per day was significantly associated with increased rate of depression (OR = 1.39, 95% CI: 1.17–1.66). RCS analysis revealed a nonlinear J-shaped relationship between sitting time and depression (P for nonlinear =0.010), with the curve nadir located around 3.3 h (<em>P</em> = 0.004). Insulin resistance biomarkers showed the strongest mediation effects, with TYG_WHTR accounting for the largest proportion (11.45%), followed by METS_IR (9.25%), TYG_BMI (9.17%), and HOMA_IR (1.53%). Among inflammatory markers, RAR (5.03%) had the highest mediating effect, followed by SIRI (2.36%), NLR (1.26%), NMLR (1.22%), and SII (1.08%). For oxidative stress, HDL and UHR mediated 3.45% and 2.22% of the sitting time–depression association, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Sitting time is associated with depression rate partly mediated by biomarkers of oxidative stress, inflammation, and, most notably, insulin resistance. These findings suggest that reducing sitting time is associated with a lower depression risk, and this association may be accompanied by improvements in related biological pathways such as insulin resistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":"401 ","pages":"Article 121326"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146118978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Abnormality and mediating effects of brain morphological similarity network in post-traumatic stress disorder” [J. Affect. Disord. 395 (2026) 120707]","authors":"Zhuoman Xia ,&nbsp;Zhihong Cao ,&nbsp;Ting Li ,&nbsp;Lianli Qiu ,&nbsp;Wesley Surento ,&nbsp;Shenyu Fan ,&nbsp;Li Zhang ,&nbsp;Feng Chen ,&nbsp;Lingjiang Li ,&nbsp;Yifeng Luo ,&nbsp;Guangming Lu ,&nbsp;Rongfeng Qi","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.120874","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.120874","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":"401 ","pages":"Article 120874"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145756694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological age acceleration associated with mental and behavioural disorders: Evidence from the UK biobank cohort","authors":"Zixi Zhu ,&nbsp;Hoiyin Cheung ,&nbsp;Ke Ding ,&nbsp;Qilian Tan ,&nbsp;Yifei Zhu ,&nbsp;Dan Cheng ,&nbsp;Siyu Kong ,&nbsp;Xuan Yin ,&nbsp;Danpeng Wang ,&nbsp;Kewei Zhuang ,&nbsp;Yulin Chen ,&nbsp;Jifang Zhou ,&nbsp;Yan Luo ,&nbsp;Zezhi Li ,&nbsp;Lihai Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2026.121265","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2026.121265","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Mental and behavioural disorders may accelerate biological ageing, but comprehensive evidence integrating observational and causal approaches is lacking.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We performed observational and Mendelian randomisation (MR) analyses. First, 502,411 UK Biobank participants (78,674 with ICD-10 Mental and Behavioural Disorders) were propensity score matched (1:1). Biological Age Acceleration (BAA = biological age − chronological age) was regressed on mental and behavioural disorder status, and robustness checks were conducted using heteroscedasticity-robust and cluster-robust standard errors. Second, two-sample MR assessed causal effects of genetic liability to six mental and behavioural disorders on four ageing biomarkers, using strong genetic instruments (F &gt; 10) and validated through sensitivity analyses including MR-Egger, Cochran's Q, and leave-one-out tests.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Ever having a diagnosis of a mental and behavioural disorder was associated with higher BAA (β = 0.261, 95% CI: 0.229–0.293, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Strongest associations were observed for disorders of psychological development (β = 0.717), organic mental and behavioural disorders (β = 0.395), and mental and behavioural disorders due to psychoactive substance use (β = 0.338). BAA increased with comorbidity count (P-trend &lt;0.001). MR indicated potential causal effects of depression (OR = 5.12 for frailty index), insomnia (OR = 2.04 for frailty index), and anxiety (OR = 1.06 for frailty index) on accelerated ageing, with no evidence of horizontal pleiotropy (MR-Egger intercept <em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). Bipolar disorder was associated with slower epigenetic ageing (OR = 0.71 for GrimAge). Alcohol use disorder increased facial ageing (OR = 1.02). Schizophrenia showed no significant associations.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Mental and behavioural disorders are observationally and robustly linked to accelerated biological ageing, with a dose-response by comorbidity. Genetic evidence supports potential causal roles for depression, insomnia, and anxiety in promoting ageing, while bipolar disorder may relate to slower epigenetic ageing. Biological ageing should be considered in the long-term management of mental health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":"401 ","pages":"Article 121265"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146085433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trend of antidepressant sales and suicide records in Brazil: a time series analysis, 2014–2021","authors":"Vanessa Gomes Lima ,&nbsp;Marcus Tolentino Silva ,&nbsp;Lais Viana e Souza ,&nbsp;Tais Freire Galvao","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2026.121279","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2026.121279","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Antidepressants are the first-line of treatments for major depression, but adverse effects may include self-harm. We aimed to investigate the association between antidepressant sales and suicide rates in Brazil.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This time-series analysis used monthly records of antidepressants sales in Brazilian drugstores and suicide rates from 2014 to 2021. Sales were converted to defined daily dose per 1000 inhabitants per day (DID). Vector autoregressive models with one to six monthly lags were estimated. Model selection considered information criteria and the directionality of predictive relationships. Cumulative distributed-lag effects (β) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI), impulse response, and forecast error variance decomposition were used to describe temporal dynamics.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 101,346 suicides were recorded, increasing from 11,339 in 2014 to 16,248 in 2021. The incidence rose from 56.2 to 76.2 cases per million inhabitants, while antidepressant sales increased from 14.7 to 32.1 DID/month. The five-month lag model showed the best performance. Antidepressant sales were associated with suicide rates (β = 0.045; 95% CI, 0.023–0.066). A shock in antidepressant sales was associated with suicide rates in the fifth month (impulse response = 0.094; 95% CI, 0.053–0.134) and accounted for 22.0% of the variation in suicide rates by the tenth month.</div></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><div>The time-series design does not enable assessing causality, so it cannot be inferred that people who committed suicide had been exposed to antidepressants.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Suicide and sales of antidepressants increased in the period. Suicide rates were associated with prior antidepressant sales.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":"401 ","pages":"Article 121279"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146076436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What I (would have) needed - Mothers' views on determinants of postpartum depressive symptom remission","authors":"Karin Gidén ,&nbsp;Andrea Hess Engström ,&nbsp;Stavros I. Iliadis ,&nbsp;Alkistis Skalkidou ,&nbsp;Emma Fransson","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2026.121271","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2026.121271","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Postpartum depression (PPD) is a common peripartum complication with approximately 13–17% of women being affected. About 30–50% continue to have symptoms 12 months postpartum. Earlier studies have examined women's experiences of treatments to evaluate their effectiveness in supporting women's recovery from PPD. Studies implementing a broader qualitative research focus—exploring factors associated with both personal circumstances and the health care system, and their perceived contribution to remission—are currently lacking.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To identify the factors women with short- and long-term PPD symptoms view as most important for faster remission.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Participants from a Swedish cohort study (Mom2B) with depressive symptoms above the clinical cut-off of 11 on the Edinburg Postnatal Depression Scale early postpartum, were invited to participate in an interview study. Semi-structure interviews were performed online (<em>n</em> = 12) or via telephone (<em>n</em> = 6). The interviews were transcribed and analyzed using Systematic Text Condensation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Five themes describing factors of importance for recovery from PPD were identified; 1) <em>Others take responsibility</em>; 2) <em>Practical support</em>; 3) <em>Emotional validation</em>; 4) <em>Thresholds</em> and 5) <em>Struggling to prioritize oneself</em>.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Synthesized from the resulting themes, a five-stage recovery process was identified: realization of symptoms, acceptance, recognizing the need for help, knowledge, and receiving help. This study highlights the key factors in PPD recovery from the perspective of affected women, providing insights to inform and improve postpartum care. The results can help staff visualize the process, which makes them better equipped to support the women effectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":"401 ","pages":"Article 121271"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146076704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depression and cognition in adolescents: A comparison of cross-sectional and longitudinal effects","authors":"Sarah Kuburi ,&nbsp;Anett Schumacher ,&nbsp;Eric Tu ,&nbsp;Daphne J. Korczak","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2026.121282","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2026.121282","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Emerging evidence suggests that adolescents with depression may experience cognitive dysfunction. However, studies are primarily cross-sectional and few in number. This study examines the temporal association of depression and cognitive function among participants of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Participants were recruited from the community and completed self-report of depressive symptoms and semi-structured psychiatric diagnostic interview. Cognitive function was examined using validated, reliable measures across five domains (working memory, long-term memory, attention, executive function, and language), over three time points (baseline, year 2, and year 4). The relationship between depression and cognitive domain was examined using multiple linear regression for cross-sectional associations and random intercept cross-lagged panel models for longitudinal associations, controlling for covariates.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Participants (n = 10,552) had a mean age of 9.9 ± 0.6 years, and 48% were female. Cross-sectionally, depressive symptoms were inversely associated with working memory, long-term memory, attention, and executive function at baseline (all <em>β</em>s − 0.02 to −0.03). Higher depressive symptoms at baseline predicted lower attention at year 2 (<em>β</em> = −0.82). Lower attention at year 2 predicted higher depressive symptoms at year 4 (<em>β</em> = −0.94). No significant long-term effects were found between depressive symptoms and working memory, long-term memory, or executive function.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Cross-sectional associations between depression and cognition were not replicated in longitudinal analyses, with the exception of inattention, in which reciprocal associations over time were found. Longitudinal research in clinical settings is needed to better understand the impact of adolescence depression on attention and related social and educational outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":"401 ","pages":"Article 121282"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146096996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction models for longitudinal trajectories of depression and anxiety: a systematic review","authors":"Sophie J. Fairweather ,&nbsp;Holly Fraser ,&nbsp;Natalie Lam ,&nbsp;Simon Gilbody ,&nbsp;Lewis W. Paton ,&nbsp;Hannah J. Jones ,&nbsp;Golam M. Khandaker","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2026.121255","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2026.121255","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Prediction of atypical health trajectories may enable early intervention. We systematically reviewed the existing literature on models for predicting longitudinal depression and/or anxiety trajectories.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>MEDLINE, Embase and APA PsycINFO were searched (from inception to 31-Jan-2025). We included population-based studies of children and adults (aged 3–65 years). Risk of bias was assessed using the Prediction model Risk Of Bias ASsessment Tool (PROBAST-AI) tool.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Seven of the nine included studies were in adult populations with a diagnosis of depression or anxiety at baseline; two focused on child and adolescent populations. Only one study included anxiety trajectories. Identified trajectories typically comprised three to four groups including: chronic/persistent-high, stable-low, increasing/worsening, and improved/remitted groups. Various supervised predictive modelling methods were used. The number of final predictors included in models ranged from three to 152. Family and own/personal psychiatric history were the most common predictors but were not always important for model performance. Models including more predictors did not always perform better. Overall risk of bias was high in all studies. No studies were externally validated and no studies assessed the clinical utility of models.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This review highlights a need for robust, validated models that can forecast future risk of persistent or worsening anxiety and depression, especially in young people where early intervention is possible.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":"401 ","pages":"Article 121255"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146100280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}