Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.5406/19364695.42.4.08
N. Golda
{"title":"Reckoning with Slavery: Gender, Kinship, and Capitalism in the Early Black Atlantic","authors":"N. Golda","doi":"10.5406/19364695.42.4.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5406/19364695.42.4.08","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14973,"journal":{"name":"Journal of American Ethnic History","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41894119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.5406/19364695.42.4.14
Elizabeth Barahona
{"title":"Building Sustainable Worlds: Latinx Placemaking in the Midwest","authors":"Elizabeth Barahona","doi":"10.5406/19364695.42.4.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5406/19364695.42.4.14","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14973,"journal":{"name":"Journal of American Ethnic History","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41736922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.5406/19364695.42.4.12
Miguel Girón
{"title":"Educating the Enemy: Teaching Nazis and Mexicans in the Cold War Borderlands","authors":"Miguel Girón","doi":"10.5406/19364695.42.4.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5406/19364695.42.4.12","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14973,"journal":{"name":"Journal of American Ethnic History","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43752705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.5406/19364695.42.4.01
Llana Barber
This article places Black mobility and anti-Black racism at the center of the history of US immigration restriction. Black migration has often been marginalized in immigration historiography, but I argue that anti-Black racism has played a major role in creating what I term the nativist state. From the colonial era through the present, policies and practices to exclude, detain, and repatriate immigrants often first targeted Black people. In addition, constraints on Black mobility have been central to denying African Americans citizenship rights and rendering Black people foreign, even when born in the United States. Looking at moments of intersection between anti-Black racism and the nativist state serves to illuminate both systems, and to expose the ways they emerged together, reinforced each other, and recycled each other's discourses.
{"title":"Anti-Black Racism and the Nativist State","authors":"Llana Barber","doi":"10.5406/19364695.42.4.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5406/19364695.42.4.01","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article places Black mobility and anti-Black racism at the center of the history of US immigration restriction. Black migration has often been marginalized in immigration historiography, but I argue that anti-Black racism has played a major role in creating what I term the nativist state. From the colonial era through the present, policies and practices to exclude, detain, and repatriate immigrants often first targeted Black people. In addition, constraints on Black mobility have been central to denying African Americans citizenship rights and rendering Black people foreign, even when born in the United States. Looking at moments of intersection between anti-Black racism and the nativist state serves to illuminate both systems, and to expose the ways they emerged together, reinforced each other, and recycled each other's discourses.","PeriodicalId":14973,"journal":{"name":"Journal of American Ethnic History","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41535575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.5406/19364695.42.4.03
Kenneth E. Marshall
This essay explores the little-known yet fascinating 1767 murder of Daniel Hart at the hands of his enslaved male named Cuff, an alleged Akan person from Ghana, West Africa. The murder provides a crucial interpretive window into eighteenth-century New Jersey and the hostile relationship between bondmen and their male enslavers that could be described as warfare, that is, as a constant state of conflict that involved violent coercion. In its attempt to hear Cuff's muted oppositional voice, the essay engages a range of sources, including a popular rap song from the 1990s. In doing so, the essay refutes the portrayal of Cuff as evil, lazy, and hence, historically irrelevant. It frames the bondman as empowered by his Akan culture, which encouraged him to resent his existence under a white patriarchal system that degraded him in various ways, and in a larger white patriarchal society that policed his Black body, thereby making permanent escape an impossibility. Feeling boxed in by slavery and the larger society, Cuff took Hart's life and then his own, with the idea of making a spiritual journey to the ancestral realm. Armed with the weapon of cultural suicide, Cuff had reached the point in his war with Hart where he was, to borrow from rapper Notorious B.I.G., “ready to die.” Cuff's obscured story sheds important light on the destructive ramifications of New Jersey slavery, suggesting that Blacks fought whites for the preservation of their bodies and sense of self-worth with powerful (hidden) weapons.
{"title":"“Ready to Die”: The Notorious Cuff, a Resistant Enslaved (Akan) Male in Eighteenth-Century New Jersey","authors":"Kenneth E. Marshall","doi":"10.5406/19364695.42.4.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5406/19364695.42.4.03","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This essay explores the little-known yet fascinating 1767 murder of Daniel Hart at the hands of his enslaved male named Cuff, an alleged Akan person from Ghana, West Africa. The murder provides a crucial interpretive window into eighteenth-century New Jersey and the hostile relationship between bondmen and their male enslavers that could be described as warfare, that is, as a constant state of conflict that involved violent coercion. In its attempt to hear Cuff's muted oppositional voice, the essay engages a range of sources, including a popular rap song from the 1990s. In doing so, the essay refutes the portrayal of Cuff as evil, lazy, and hence, historically irrelevant. It frames the bondman as empowered by his Akan culture, which encouraged him to resent his existence under a white patriarchal system that degraded him in various ways, and in a larger white patriarchal society that policed his Black body, thereby making permanent escape an impossibility. Feeling boxed in by slavery and the larger society, Cuff took Hart's life and then his own, with the idea of making a spiritual journey to the ancestral realm. Armed with the weapon of cultural suicide, Cuff had reached the point in his war with Hart where he was, to borrow from rapper Notorious B.I.G., “ready to die.” Cuff's obscured story sheds important light on the destructive ramifications of New Jersey slavery, suggesting that Blacks fought whites for the preservation of their bodies and sense of self-worth with powerful (hidden) weapons.","PeriodicalId":14973,"journal":{"name":"Journal of American Ethnic History","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48176427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.17077/0003-4827.10837
Thong M. Trinh
{"title":"Black Power on Campus: The University of Illinois, 1965–75","authors":"Thong M. Trinh","doi":"10.17077/0003-4827.10837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17077/0003-4827.10837","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14973,"journal":{"name":"Journal of American Ethnic History","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47866391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.5406/19364695.42.4.10
Lizzie Munro
{"title":"Cold War Paradise: Settlement, Culture, and Identity-Making Among U.S. Americans in Costa Rica, 1945–1980","authors":"Lizzie Munro","doi":"10.5406/19364695.42.4.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5406/19364695.42.4.10","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14973,"journal":{"name":"Journal of American Ethnic History","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47952140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.5406/19364695.42.4.11
Luther Young
randi for inspiration. (57, 237) While this may be true for the theologically elite in the movement as Kaiser demonstrates, others such as George Knight have observed, in vernacular Adventism the “dictation imagery” was taken as much more than metaphorical in reinforcing the absolute reliability of inspired texts whether biblical or those of Ellen White. The issue behind the verbal-plenary concept was the need for the texts to have authority. Inerrancy and verbal inspiration were the means to that end. Kaiser overlooks this issue. Some Adventist scholars, shaped by their convictions that Ellen White’s charisma bore the mark of the divine, and in light of her own ‘all of God or all of Satan’ binary account of the source of her gift, have been reluctant to offer any critique of the actual content of the writings she generated. In this study, Kaiser concedes that Ellen White on occasion may have misunderstood her own revelations, “neglected” to correct individuals for their wrong views, and neglected to set out a “systematic explanation” of inspiration, (100) but he seems unwilling to engage in a critique of the content of her writings as he so very ably does for the other voices he discusses. For example, in his discussion of Alonzo T. Jones’s evolving viewpoint on inspiration he considers Jones to be entirely at fault for his inadequate views. There is no consideration that a lack of perspicuity or inconsistency in Ellen White’s texts contributed in any way to Jones’s difficulties. Nor is there any discussion of the extent to which Ellen White herself may have nurtured Jones and her readers in general in their inadequate views through her strong emphasis on the authority to be accorded her charisma. Some discussion of both of these would have contributed to a more complete picture. The value of Kaiser’s study of the development in Adventist thinking on inspiration is enhanced by his careful, thorough enquiry into the context of his sources and by the breadth of the sources his study embraces. He draws not only on Seventh-day Adventist periodical literature but relevant periodicals from other faith traditions and has accessed extensive correspondence and unpublished material recently made available by the custodians of Ellen White’s literary estate. This has enabled him to challenge and clarify numerous misinterpretations. While a detailed list of contents helps to guide the reader, the lack of an index is an unfortunate editorial decision complicating access to the book’s truly excellent content. Kaiser’s abundant, richly detailed footnoting provides a valuable aid for those who wish to understand the nuances of the debate or undertake further study of their own on the topic.
{"title":"White Evangelical Racism: The Politics of Morality in America","authors":"Luther Young","doi":"10.5406/19364695.42.4.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5406/19364695.42.4.11","url":null,"abstract":"randi for inspiration. (57, 237) While this may be true for the theologically elite in the movement as Kaiser demonstrates, others such as George Knight have observed, in vernacular Adventism the “dictation imagery” was taken as much more than metaphorical in reinforcing the absolute reliability of inspired texts whether biblical or those of Ellen White. The issue behind the verbal-plenary concept was the need for the texts to have authority. Inerrancy and verbal inspiration were the means to that end. Kaiser overlooks this issue. Some Adventist scholars, shaped by their convictions that Ellen White’s charisma bore the mark of the divine, and in light of her own ‘all of God or all of Satan’ binary account of the source of her gift, have been reluctant to offer any critique of the actual content of the writings she generated. In this study, Kaiser concedes that Ellen White on occasion may have misunderstood her own revelations, “neglected” to correct individuals for their wrong views, and neglected to set out a “systematic explanation” of inspiration, (100) but he seems unwilling to engage in a critique of the content of her writings as he so very ably does for the other voices he discusses. For example, in his discussion of Alonzo T. Jones’s evolving viewpoint on inspiration he considers Jones to be entirely at fault for his inadequate views. There is no consideration that a lack of perspicuity or inconsistency in Ellen White’s texts contributed in any way to Jones’s difficulties. Nor is there any discussion of the extent to which Ellen White herself may have nurtured Jones and her readers in general in their inadequate views through her strong emphasis on the authority to be accorded her charisma. Some discussion of both of these would have contributed to a more complete picture. The value of Kaiser’s study of the development in Adventist thinking on inspiration is enhanced by his careful, thorough enquiry into the context of his sources and by the breadth of the sources his study embraces. He draws not only on Seventh-day Adventist periodical literature but relevant periodicals from other faith traditions and has accessed extensive correspondence and unpublished material recently made available by the custodians of Ellen White’s literary estate. This has enabled him to challenge and clarify numerous misinterpretations. While a detailed list of contents helps to guide the reader, the lack of an index is an unfortunate editorial decision complicating access to the book’s truly excellent content. Kaiser’s abundant, richly detailed footnoting provides a valuable aid for those who wish to understand the nuances of the debate or undertake further study of their own on the topic.","PeriodicalId":14973,"journal":{"name":"Journal of American Ethnic History","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47754440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.5406/19364695.42.4.07
Jessica Kim
{"title":"Barrio America: How Latino Immigrants Saved the American City","authors":"Jessica Kim","doi":"10.5406/19364695.42.4.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5406/19364695.42.4.07","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14973,"journal":{"name":"Journal of American Ethnic History","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42895924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.5406/19364695.42.4.05
Fernando Ortíz
{"title":"For a Just and Better World: Engendering Anarchism in the Mexican Borderlands, 1900–1938","authors":"Fernando Ortíz","doi":"10.5406/19364695.42.4.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5406/19364695.42.4.05","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14973,"journal":{"name":"Journal of American Ethnic History","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42047445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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