A detailed knowledge of amplifier transmission characteristics is important in many technical areas, for instance in commercial modeling systems as the Simulink. The paper shows that a good approximation of measured amplitude and phase characteristics can be made numerically by a rational function. If there is enough computation time, the complex transfer characteristic can be well approximated. Then zeros and poles can be found. Preliminary calculation reveals that the tested amplifier is not a minimum phase network.
{"title":"Effective approximation of transfer characteristics of low frequency amplifier","authors":"M. Novák, M. Kosek, J. Eichler","doi":"10.1109/AE.2014.7011708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AE.2014.7011708","url":null,"abstract":"A detailed knowledge of amplifier transmission characteristics is important in many technical areas, for instance in commercial modeling systems as the Simulink. The paper shows that a good approximation of measured amplitude and phase characteristics can be made numerically by a rational function. If there is enough computation time, the complex transfer characteristic can be well approximated. Then zeros and poles can be found. Preliminary calculation reveals that the tested amplifier is not a minimum phase network.","PeriodicalId":149779,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Applied Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115519057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The main goal of this paper is investigation of the fault coverage dependence on the value of the oscillation frequency in oscillation-based tests of analog circuits. For this purpose, an operational amplifier designed in 90 nm CMOS technology was used as a Circuit Under Test (CUT) in our experiment. Then, the CUT was transformed into an oscillator and different catastrophic faults were considered. The achieved experimental results show that selection of the appropriate value of the oscillation frequency might considerable increase the detectability of selected hard-detectable faults.
{"title":"Influence of the oscillation frequency value on the efficiency of oscillation-based tests","authors":"D. Arbet, V. Stopjaková","doi":"10.1109/AE.2014.7011657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AE.2014.7011657","url":null,"abstract":"The main goal of this paper is investigation of the fault coverage dependence on the value of the oscillation frequency in oscillation-based tests of analog circuits. For this purpose, an operational amplifier designed in 90 nm CMOS technology was used as a Circuit Under Test (CUT) in our experiment. Then, the CUT was transformed into an oscillator and different catastrophic faults were considered. The achieved experimental results show that selection of the appropriate value of the oscillation frequency might considerable increase the detectability of selected hard-detectable faults.","PeriodicalId":149779,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Applied Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122392020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper focuses on aspects of implementation of moving virtual sound source in virtual auditory environment. Rendering of dynamic source based on use of Head-Related Transfer Function is achieved by application of filtering with varying impulse response of the filter. This algorithm may be in its essence implemented by several methods, where each approach provides slightly different output signal resulting in variance of perception of spatial fidelity. The main difference results from different output of linear and circular convolution usually implemeted in such processing. Particular variants are described, discussed and compared by subjective listening test of the positioned signals. Other aspects of implementation as artifact occurrence are also discussed.
{"title":"Rendering moving sound source for headphone-based virtual acoustic reality aspects of signal processing implementation","authors":"D. Štorek","doi":"10.1109/AE.2014.7011718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AE.2014.7011718","url":null,"abstract":"This paper focuses on aspects of implementation of moving virtual sound source in virtual auditory environment. Rendering of dynamic source based on use of Head-Related Transfer Function is achieved by application of filtering with varying impulse response of the filter. This algorithm may be in its essence implemented by several methods, where each approach provides slightly different output signal resulting in variance of perception of spatial fidelity. The main difference results from different output of linear and circular convolution usually implemeted in such processing. Particular variants are described, discussed and compared by subjective listening test of the positioned signals. Other aspects of implementation as artifact occurrence are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":149779,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Applied Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124967792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper deals with the design of the compact version of Cartesian Genetic Programming. The focus is given to the search algorithm of type (1+1). The paper presents the approach that detects changes in the phenotype and, based on that, the algorithm can omit the evaluation of a candidate solution. The author uses the evolutionary design of multipliers as benchmark to present the efficiency of the algorithm.
{"title":"Compact version of Cartesian Genetic Programming","authors":"P. Burian","doi":"10.1109/AE.2014.7011669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AE.2014.7011669","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with the design of the compact version of Cartesian Genetic Programming. The focus is given to the search algorithm of type (1+1). The paper presents the approach that detects changes in the phenotype and, based on that, the algorithm can omit the evaluation of a candidate solution. The author uses the evolutionary design of multipliers as benchmark to present the efficiency of the algorithm.","PeriodicalId":149779,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Applied Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123537641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Palacky, J. Opluštil, Daniel Kalvar, Miroslav Uchoč, Roman Šprlák
This article deals with description of the system of converters for electric accumulation. This system is designed by Technical university of Ostrava in Czech Republic as a two stepped system. This article contains design of such a system together with results of experimental measurement and simulations. Also the design of the system for supervisory control is briefly described here.
{"title":"Two stepped system of converters with accumulation of electrical energy","authors":"P. Palacky, J. Opluštil, Daniel Kalvar, Miroslav Uchoč, Roman Šprlák","doi":"10.1109/AE.2014.7011711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AE.2014.7011711","url":null,"abstract":"This article deals with description of the system of converters for electric accumulation. This system is designed by Technical university of Ostrava in Czech Republic as a two stepped system. This article contains design of such a system together with results of experimental measurement and simulations. Also the design of the system for supervisory control is briefly described here.","PeriodicalId":149779,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Applied Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128669184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article describes the design procedure towards a robust digital inverter that is intended to be fabricated on InAlN/GaN material heterostructure. Heterojunction field effect transistors (HFETs), regardless the material used, exhibit exceptional power delivery at high frequencies and also outstanding capability to withstand the operation in a very harsh environment. These properties make HFET transistors an excellent candidate for the future electronic applications. Effective utilization of such excellent properties requires monolithic integration of E-mode and D-mode transistors on a single die. However, the fabrication process of the heterostructures themselves and HFET transistors are not that mature and reliable as it is in the case of other materials used in microelectronics. In this paper, we describe the design of a basic logic circuit using both E-mode and D-mode HFETs as well as design of the output buffer. Due to immaturity of the technological process and physical constraints, the properties of depletion load based inverters and various output buffers are investigated in details with regard to the robustness.
{"title":"Design of E/D-mode InAlN/GaN HFET inverter and its robustness analysis","authors":"L. Nagy, V. Stopjaková, A. Šatka","doi":"10.1109/AE.2014.7011707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AE.2014.7011707","url":null,"abstract":"This article describes the design procedure towards a robust digital inverter that is intended to be fabricated on InAlN/GaN material heterostructure. Heterojunction field effect transistors (HFETs), regardless the material used, exhibit exceptional power delivery at high frequencies and also outstanding capability to withstand the operation in a very harsh environment. These properties make HFET transistors an excellent candidate for the future electronic applications. Effective utilization of such excellent properties requires monolithic integration of E-mode and D-mode transistors on a single die. However, the fabrication process of the heterostructures themselves and HFET transistors are not that mature and reliable as it is in the case of other materials used in microelectronics. In this paper, we describe the design of a basic logic circuit using both E-mode and D-mode HFETs as well as design of the output buffer. Due to immaturity of the technological process and physical constraints, the properties of depletion load based inverters and various output buffers are investigated in details with regard to the robustness.","PeriodicalId":149779,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Applied Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130837943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wireless communication technologies together with physiological signals sensing provide a wide range of capabilities for monitoring, recording and analysis of the physical and health status of individuals. This paper describes two systems using wireless transmission of information designed to measure physiological signals. The first system is system for automatic cardiopulmonary examination measuring and evaluating. The system measures heart rate, pulmonary ventilation, breathing frequency and blood pressure. From these data, many of other standard parameters are calculated. Application of this system is possible in work medicine, sport medicine and rehabilitation. The second system is a system for measuring and wireless transmission of selected physiological signals and variables. The system consists of wireless sensors, data transceivers and information system for the visualization and analysis of measurement data. This paper describes sensor for monitoring of body temperature and RF transceiver, which are being developed as part of the system. Temperature sensor is due to its high demand on low energy consumption not suitable for measuring signals, which will produce large amount of data and therefore consumes more energy on wireless transmission and processing of the data. Due to this reason, this sensor does not measure other signals and measure only temperature so fare. Other sensors, which will measure more physiological signals, like pulse rate, ECG and motion activity of monitored person will be developed in future. Possible use of the sensor or whole system is in a medical environment.
{"title":"Wireless electronic systems for physiological parameters measuring","authors":"M. Stork, D. Tolar","doi":"10.1109/AE.2014.7011720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AE.2014.7011720","url":null,"abstract":"Wireless communication technologies together with physiological signals sensing provide a wide range of capabilities for monitoring, recording and analysis of the physical and health status of individuals. This paper describes two systems using wireless transmission of information designed to measure physiological signals. The first system is system for automatic cardiopulmonary examination measuring and evaluating. The system measures heart rate, pulmonary ventilation, breathing frequency and blood pressure. From these data, many of other standard parameters are calculated. Application of this system is possible in work medicine, sport medicine and rehabilitation. The second system is a system for measuring and wireless transmission of selected physiological signals and variables. The system consists of wireless sensors, data transceivers and information system for the visualization and analysis of measurement data. This paper describes sensor for monitoring of body temperature and RF transceiver, which are being developed as part of the system. Temperature sensor is due to its high demand on low energy consumption not suitable for measuring signals, which will produce large amount of data and therefore consumes more energy on wireless transmission and processing of the data. Due to this reason, this sensor does not measure other signals and measure only temperature so fare. Other sensors, which will measure more physiological signals, like pulse rate, ECG and motion activity of monitored person will be developed in future. Possible use of the sensor or whole system is in a medical environment.","PeriodicalId":149779,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Applied Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126898059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Embedded systems are often used for special purposes. When an embedded system is operating in a critical environment, its reliability should be focused on. One of the methods for improving reliability of embedded systems is Control-flow checking (CFC) of the running program. It is known that the control-flow errors comprise between 33% and 77% of all errors in a computer system [1]. Nowadays there are many control-flow checking methods for different types of computer systems and with various designs. There are hardware checking methods using an external watchdog processor, software methods applied on commercial off-the-shelf processors or hybrid methods. In this paper we are dealing with problems of existing methods, identifying their parameters and presenting a new method of interactive hybrid control-flow checking. This method is a compromise among hybrid methods and tries to optimise the checking speed with high fault coverage.
{"title":"Interactive hybrid Control-flow checking method","authors":"M. Duricek, T. Krajcovic","doi":"10.1109/AE.2014.7011673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AE.2014.7011673","url":null,"abstract":"Embedded systems are often used for special purposes. When an embedded system is operating in a critical environment, its reliability should be focused on. One of the methods for improving reliability of embedded systems is Control-flow checking (CFC) of the running program. It is known that the control-flow errors comprise between 33% and 77% of all errors in a computer system [1]. Nowadays there are many control-flow checking methods for different types of computer systems and with various designs. There are hardware checking methods using an external watchdog processor, software methods applied on commercial off-the-shelf processors or hybrid methods. In this paper we are dealing with problems of existing methods, identifying their parameters and presenting a new method of interactive hybrid control-flow checking. This method is a compromise among hybrid methods and tries to optimise the checking speed with high fault coverage.","PeriodicalId":149779,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Applied Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115165072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper derives mathematical conditions for the occurrence of touching points on the hysteresis loop of an ideal voltage-controlled memristor driven by the sinusoidal voltage.
本文推导了正弦电压驱动的理想压控忆阻器滞回线上出现接触点的数学条件。
{"title":"Memristor pinched hysteresis loops: Touching points, Part I","authors":"D. Biolek, V. Biolková, Z. Kolka","doi":"10.1109/ae.2014.7011664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ae.2014.7011664","url":null,"abstract":"The paper derives mathematical conditions for the occurrence of touching points on the hysteresis loop of an ideal voltage-controlled memristor driven by the sinusoidal voltage.","PeriodicalId":149779,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Applied Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116020225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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