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VOICES OF PRACTITIONERS: CONVERSATION ONE AND TWO 从业者的声音:对话一和对话二
Pub Date : 2005-02-09 DOI: 10.4314/INDILINGA.V3I2.26365
D. Mtetwa
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引用次数: 0
AFRICAN PERSONALITY ASSESSMENT CRITERIA: YORUBA EXAMPLE 非洲人格评估标准:约鲁巴人的例子
Pub Date : 2005-02-09 DOI: 10.4314/INDILINGA.V3I2.26363
O. Elegbeleye
This analysis presents personality assessment criteria often used by the Yoruba as psychological tools to position an individual on the social responsibility scale and also to determine the norm compliant level of the Yoruba person. The study focused on four core criteria upon which such assessment is anchored, namely, (i) norm development at the family level, which is the foundation of the personality building block, (ii) socialization processes from childhood to adulthood, (iii) classification of personality types and (iv) sources of attribution values. This is a response to a yearning that seeks to integrate contextualized sociocultural beliefs and practices into personality assessment, counselling and psychotherapy.
该分析提出了约鲁巴人经常使用的人格评估标准,作为在社会责任量表上定位个人的心理工具,也确定了约鲁巴人的规范遵守水平。该研究集中在四个核心标准上,即:(i)家庭层面的规范发展,这是人格构建块的基础;(ii)从童年到成年的社会化过程;(iii)人格类型分类;(iv)归因价值的来源。这是对一种渴望的回应,这种渴望寻求将情境化的社会文化信仰和实践融入人格评估、咨询和心理治疗中。
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引用次数: 3
TRADITIONAL PRACTICES ON BURIAL SYSTEMS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE ZULU PEOPLE OF SOUTH AFRICA 关于埋葬制度的传统习俗,特别涉及南非祖鲁人
Pub Date : 2005-02-09 DOI: 10.4314/INDILINGA.V3I2.26364
S. Ngubane
This paper deals with an assessment of the burial practices and beliefs of the Zulu people. More specifically, it aims to demonstrate the way of life of the Zulus and their philosophies with regard to grief, mourning and death ritual; and that this assessment can therefore also be explained in comparison with other similar practices, especially cremation. The paper will also provide the possible ways of rising above challenges faced by administrators of cemeteries that relates to cultural practices.
本文对祖鲁人的丧葬习俗和信仰进行了评估。更具体地说,它旨在展示祖鲁人的生活方式和他们关于悲痛、哀悼和死亡仪式的哲学;因此,这种评估也可以与其他类似的做法进行比较,特别是火葬。本文还将提供可能的方法,以克服与文化习俗有关的墓地管理员所面临的挑战。
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引用次数: 20
Mr Napite's botanical knowledge : bridging farmers' and scientists' insights during participatory research 纳皮特先生的植物学知识:在参与式研究中连接农民和科学家的见解
Pub Date : 2004-02-23 DOI: 10.4314/INDILINGA.V2I2.26334
S. Dondeyne, L. Emmanuel, J. Deckers
When farmers and scientists engage in participatory research, differences in their knowledge systems ought to be taken into account. Mr Napite is a farmer and plant expert with whom we studied relationships between soil fertility and fallow vegetation on the Makonde plateau in South Eastern Tanzania. Though his broad and detailed botanical knowledge is recognised by other local experts, this does not provide him any particular social status. Although he received extensive formal training, his botanical knowledge draws largely on personal and traditional concepts. Clear morphological characteristics, other than the reproductive related organs, are the key features he uses for identifying and classifying plants. His knowledge of plant species and their ecology is of comparable complexity with that of scientific knowledge. Though this is intricately linked to cultural aspects, this study illustrates that it is possible to bridge farmers' and scientists' insights during participatory research. (Indilinga: African Journal of Indigenous Knowledge Systems: 2002 2(2): 45-58)
当农民和科学家从事参与性研究时,应该考虑到他们知识体系的差异。纳皮特先生是一位农民和植物专家,我们与他一起研究了坦桑尼亚东南部马孔德高原土壤肥力与休耕植被之间的关系。虽然他广泛而详细的植物学知识得到了其他当地专家的认可,但这并没有给他带来任何特殊的社会地位。虽然他接受过广泛的正规训练,但他的植物学知识主要来自个人和传统观念。除了与生殖有关的器官外,清晰的形态特征是他用来识别和分类植物的关键特征。他关于植物物种及其生态学的知识与科学知识的复杂性相当。尽管这与文化方面有着错综复杂的联系,但这项研究表明,在参与式研究中,有可能架起农民和科学家之间的桥梁。(Indilinga: African Journal of Indigenous Knowledge Systems; 2002 2(2): 45-58)
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引用次数: 6
Africa and the problem of the state : can African traditional authority and the Western liberal state be reconciled? 非洲与国家问题:非洲传统权威与西方自由国家能否和解?
Pub Date : 2004-02-23 DOI: 10.4314/INDILINGA.V2I2.26332
Herbert W. Vilakazi
The article discusses and analyse the tragedy of Africa, played out in the refusal of African leaders and elites to accept and implement a compromise between African traditional authority, on one hand, and the form of State they inherited from their colonial masters, on the other hand. The focus of the discussion is on the issue of the form of State in South Africa, and on the issue of African traditional authority. The question that is dealt with is whether African traditions of political leadership and political rule can be reconciled with modern democracy. propose, for all levels of government, a legislative assembly with two chambers, one elected through universal franchise, and the second non-elected. (Indilinga: African Journal of Indigenous Knowledge Systems: 2002 2(2): 27-36)
本文讨论和分析了非洲的悲剧,非洲领导人和精英拒绝接受和实施非洲传统权威与他们从殖民主子那里继承的国家形式之间的妥协。讨论的重点是南非的国家形式问题,以及非洲传统权威问题。这里讨论的问题是,非洲的政治领导和政治统治传统能否与现代民主相协调。建议为各级政府设立两个议院的立法会议,一个通过普选产生,另一个非选举产生。(Indilinga: African Journal of Indigenous Knowledge Systems; 2002 2(2): 27-36)
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引用次数: 6
Indigenous healthcare practice through medicinal plants from forests by the Mro tribe in Bandarban region, Bangladesh 孟加拉国班达班地区Mro部落通过森林药用植物进行土著保健实践
Pub Date : 2004-02-23 DOI: 10.4314/INDILINGA.V2I2.26335
D. Miah, M. Chowdhury
An exploratory study was conducted on the ethno-botanical perception of the Mro tribe of Bandarban, Bangladesh, to focus on the implications of healthcare using medicinal plants collected from forests. A total of 36 households were assessed using different participatory appraisals through semi-structured questionnaire. The Mro were found to be almost completely dependent on the forest for their medicare. The dimension of dependency reflected their ethno-botanical knowledge. A total of 39 medicinal plant species (8 herbs, 12 shrubs, 6 creepers and 13 trees) were recorded as collected from the forests. The findings of the study concludes that the conservation of the indigenous knowledge of the Mro tribe regarding medicinal plants can conserve the forests as well as give the people the Intellectual Property Rights according to the principles of the Convention on Biological Diversity, 1992. This may be a forest conservation tool in the tribal area in Bangladesh. (Indilinga: African Journal of Indigenous Knowledge Systems: 2002 2(2): 59-74)
对孟加拉国班达班的Mro部落的民族植物学认知进行了一项探索性研究,重点关注利用从森林收集的药用植物进行医疗保健的影响。通过半结构化问卷,采用不同的参与式评价方法对36户家庭进行了评估。人们发现,Mro几乎完全依赖森林提供医疗保险。依赖性的维度反映了他们的民族植物学知识。共采集到39种药用植物,其中草本植物8种,灌木12种,爬行植物6种,乔木13种。研究的结论是,保护Mro部落关于药用植物的土著知识可以保护森林,并根据1992年《生物多样性公约》的原则赋予人民知识产权。这可能是孟加拉国部落地区的森林保护工具。(Indilinga:非洲土著知识系统杂志:2002 2(2):59-74)
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引用次数: 32
Indigenous knowledge and communal conflict resolution : evidence from Nigeria 土著知识和社区冲突解决:来自尼日利亚的证据
Pub Date : 2004-02-23 DOI: 10.4314/INDILINGA.V2I2.26330
C. Izugbara, G. A. Ugal, J. K. Ukwayi
This paper discusses an experience of relying on indigenous knowledge to resolve a communal conflict between two Nigerian local communities. The authors were working in one of the communities when conflict erupted, and had to initiate moves to restore peace and normality. They relied largely on information on the cultural organisation and knowledge system of the conflicting communities gathered through rapid group and individual interviews with members of the communities. Indigenous knowledge and values proved to be the golden key which unlocked the door to peace between the warring communities. The paper contends that peace facilitators in a communal conflict situation need to be responsive and sensitive to the indigenous cultural and knowledge systems and values of the communities they work with, if they are to make any sustainable impact. (Indilinga: African Journal of Indigenous Knowledge Systems: 2003 2(2): 1-14)
本文讨论了依靠土著知识解决尼日利亚两个地方社区之间的公共冲突的经验。冲突爆发时,作者正在其中一个社区工作,不得不采取行动恢复和平与正常。他们在很大程度上依赖于冲突社区的文化组织和知识体系的信息,这些信息是通过对社区成员的快速集体和个人访谈收集的。事实证明,土著知识和价值观是打开交战社区之间和平之门的金钥匙。该论文认为,在社区冲突局势中,和平促进者如果要产生任何可持续的影响,就需要对与他们合作的社区的土著文化和知识体系以及价值观做出反应和敏感。(印度:非洲土著知识系统杂志,2003 2(2):1-14)
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引用次数: 8
Batswana indigenous conflict resolution methods: a narrative 巴茨瓦纳土著冲突解决方法:叙述
Pub Date : 2004-02-23 DOI: 10.4314/INDILINGA.V2I2.26331
Otsile Ntsoane
This article is written as a result of the observation that most African communities have lost their old forums for systematically consolidating their knowledge base and for sustaining local means of resolving problems and conflict. This article aims at taking us back to community power which was exercised by wise women and men. As wise people the elders ‘work for the peaceful resolution of differences between and among people' and they bring people together for these purposes. Through the use of narrative, the author shows that a problem-solving approach that posits that conflict is not something that has to be won, but rather something that has to be solved, is the most democratic and sustainable way of handling conflict. This article intends to advocate and reinforce this idea. The article also shows, without specific reference, that western approaches to peace have proven themselves unequal to the task of ensuring peaceful coexistence in the African environment. (Indilinga: African Journal of Indigenous Knowledge Systems: 2002 1: 15-26)
我之所以写这篇文章,是因为我观察到大多数非洲社区已经失去了它们原有的论坛,这些论坛有系统地巩固了它们的知识基础,并维持了解决问题和冲突的地方手段。这篇文章的目的是把我们带回到由聪明的女人和男人行使的社区权力。作为智者,长者“致力于和平解决人与人之间的分歧”,他们为此目的将人们聚集在一起。通过叙事的运用,作者展示了一种解决问题的方法,这种方法假定冲突不是必须赢得的东西,而是必须解决的东西,是处理冲突的最民主和可持续的方式。本文旨在倡导并强化这一观点。该条还表明,虽然没有具体提及,但西方的和平办法已证明不能胜任确保非洲环境中和平共处的任务。(Indilinga: African Journal of Indigenous Knowledge Systems, 2002, 1:15 -26)
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引用次数: 3
A survey of the ethnozoological knowledge of honey bees Apis mellifera in Ijebu division of south western Nigeria 尼日利亚西南部Ijebu地区蜜蜂民族动物学知识调查
Pub Date : 2004-02-23 DOI: 10.4314/INDILINGA.V2I2.26336
O. Lawal, A. Banjo, S. Junaid
A survey of the ethnozoological knowledge of honey bee Apis mellifera in Ijebu division of South western Nigeria was carried out to examine the pattern of invasion, control methods of their invasion and their effects in life and economy of the people which also include the medicinal and traditional utilization. The Survey was carried out between July and October 2002. 180 questionnaires were administered among the rural based farmers, herbalists, Alfa's, pastors and some literates. The results of the study revealed that the majority of interviewees mentioned using fire, i.e., burning method as the most effective method of controlling bee invasion. Also, 94.4% of the people reported that spraying insecticides is also effective respectively. In addition, honeys are useful item for ritual purposes as well as essential material for curing ailments. (Indilinga: African Journal of Indigenous Knowledge Systems: 2002 2(2): 75-90)
对尼日利亚西南部Ijebu地区的蜜蜂进行了民族动物学调查,探讨了蜜蜂的入侵模式、入侵控制方法及其对人们生活和经济的影响,包括药用和传统利用。是次调查于二零零二年七月至十月期间进行。问卷共180份,调查对象为农村农民、药师、牧师和部分文化工作者。研究结果显示,大多数受访者提到使用火,即燃烧方法是控制蜜蜂入侵的最有效方法。94.4%的人认为喷洒杀虫剂也有效。此外,蜂蜜是仪式上的有用物品,也是治疗疾病的重要材料。(Indilinga: African Journal of Indigenous Knowledge Systems; 2002 2(2): 75-90)
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引用次数: 6
Women and forest development in Nigeria 尼日利亚的妇女与森林发展
Pub Date : 2004-02-23 DOI: 10.4314/indilinga.v2i2.48816
T. R. Fasola
The leading role of Nigerian women in forest development has been highlighted. As repositories of knowledge in the uses of forest products, a list of forty-nine plants belonging to 34 Families commonly collected by women, their uses, and parts of the plant used are provided. As the women’s activities concerning the forests are predominantly in herbal medicinal trade, they promote peace and harmony among ethnic groups through their activities. Thus plants such as Aristolochia ringens, Allium sativum found in Northern Nigeria and T etrapleura tetraptera, Xylopia aethiopica commonly found in the South are exchanged through herbal trade. The article argues that the activities of women that engender conflict prevention, should be encouraged.
尼日利亚妇女在森林发展方面的领导作用得到强调。作为林产品使用方面的知识库,提供了一份清单,其中包括妇女通常收集的34科49种植物、它们的用途和所使用植物的部分。由于妇女与森林有关的活动主要是草药贸易,她们通过自己的活动促进了各民族之间的和平与和谐。因此,在尼日利亚北部发现的马兜铃(Aristolochia ringens)、葱(Allium sativum)和在南方常见的四翅木(T etrappleura tetraptera)、埃塞俄比亚木(Xylopia aethiopica)等植物通过草药贸易进行交换。该条认为,应当鼓励妇女从事预防冲突的活动。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
Indilinga: African Journal of Indigenous Knowledge Systems
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