Pub Date : 2014-06-02DOI: 10.6000/1929-5030.2014.03.02.4
F. Martínez, D. R. Delgado, M. Peña
The preferential solvation parameters defined as the differences between the local mole fraction of solvents around analgesic drug acetaminophen and those for the bulk co-solvent composition in propylene glycol + water mixtures were derived from their thermodynamic properties by means of the inverse Kirkwood-Buff integrals (IKBI) and the quasi-lattice-quasi-chemical (QLQC) methods. It is found that acetaminophen is sensitive to solvation effects, so according to IKBI method the preferential solvation parameter I´x PG,A , is negative in water-rich mixtures but positive in medium compositions and in co-solvent-rich mixtures. It is conjecturable that in water-rich mixtures the hydrophobic hydration around the aromatic ring and methyl group present in the drug plays a relevant role in the solvation. The bigger drug solvation by co-solvent in mixtures of similar solvent proportions and in propylene glycol-rich mixtures could be due mainly to polarity effects. Otherwise, according to QLQC method, this drug is preferentially solvated by the co-solvent in all the mixtures.
{"title":"Preferential Solvation of Acetaminophen in Propylene Glycol + Water Co-Solvent Mixtures","authors":"F. Martínez, D. R. Delgado, M. Peña","doi":"10.6000/1929-5030.2014.03.02.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-5030.2014.03.02.4","url":null,"abstract":"The preferential solvation parameters defined as the differences between the local mole fraction of solvents around analgesic drug acetaminophen and those for the bulk co-solvent composition in propylene glycol + water mixtures were derived from their thermodynamic properties by means of the inverse Kirkwood-Buff integrals (IKBI) and the quasi-lattice-quasi-chemical (QLQC) methods. It is found that acetaminophen is sensitive to solvation effects, so according to IKBI method the preferential solvation parameter I´x PG,A , is negative in water-rich mixtures but positive in medium compositions and in co-solvent-rich mixtures. It is conjecturable that in water-rich mixtures the hydrophobic hydration around the aromatic ring and methyl group present in the drug plays a relevant role in the solvation. The bigger drug solvation by co-solvent in mixtures of similar solvent proportions and in propylene glycol-rich mixtures could be due mainly to polarity effects. Otherwise, according to QLQC method, this drug is preferentially solvated by the co-solvent in all the mixtures.","PeriodicalId":15165,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Solution Chemistry and Modeling","volume":"1 1","pages":"65-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83238571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-06-02DOI: 10.6000/1929-5030.2014.03.02.7
M. E. C. R. Oliveira, J. P. Silva, A. C. Oliveira, M. Lúcio, A. Gomes
The consequences for the transfection efficiencies of different lipoplexes preparation methods, largely remain to be explored, but the knowledge of how different experimental approaches can affect the physicochemical properties and transfection efficiency is essential for a proper tailoring of transfection complexes to particular applications. Therefore, the influence of the number of mixing steps (one-step addition versus multi-step addition of liposomes to plasmid DNA (pDNA)) and lipoplex incubation temperature on the final physicochemical properties and transfection efficiency of pDNA/ Dioctadecyldimethylammonium Bromide (DODAB):1-monooleoyl-rac-glycerol (MO) complexes was studied in three distinct DODAB:MO molar ratios: 4:1, 2:1 and 1:1. Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Zeta (I¶) Potential, Ethidium Bromide (EtBr) exclusion assays were used to assess the formation, structure and destabilization of the lipoplexes, whereas in vitro transfection assays with pSV-I²-gal plasmid DNA were performed to evaluate their transfection efficiency on the 293T mammalian cell line. Results indicate that the morphology of pDNA/DODAB:MO complexes is dependent on the lipoplex preparation method, resulting in particles of distinct size, surface charge and membrane fluidity. These variations are visible during the complexation dynamics of pDNA and continue throughout the profile of pDNA release from pDNA/DODAB:MO lipoplexes upon incubation with Heparin (HEP), as well as in the in vitro transfection assays. The stepwise addition of DODAB:MO vesicles to pDNA decreases the transfection efficiency of the lipoplexes, while the effect of the lipoplex preparation methods is dependent on the MO content.
{"title":"How Multi-Step versus One-Step Preparation Method Affects the Physicochemical Properties and Transfection Efficiency of DNA/DODAB:MO Lipoplexes","authors":"M. E. C. R. Oliveira, J. P. Silva, A. C. Oliveira, M. Lúcio, A. Gomes","doi":"10.6000/1929-5030.2014.03.02.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-5030.2014.03.02.7","url":null,"abstract":"The consequences for the transfection efficiencies of different lipoplexes preparation methods, largely remain to be explored, but the knowledge of how different experimental approaches can affect the physicochemical properties and transfection efficiency is essential for a proper tailoring of transfection complexes to particular applications. Therefore, the influence of the number of mixing steps (one-step addition versus multi-step addition of liposomes to plasmid DNA (pDNA)) and lipoplex incubation temperature on the final physicochemical properties and transfection efficiency of pDNA/ Dioctadecyldimethylammonium Bromide (DODAB):1-monooleoyl-rac-glycerol (MO) complexes was studied in three distinct DODAB:MO molar ratios: 4:1, 2:1 and 1:1. Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Zeta (I¶) Potential, Ethidium Bromide (EtBr) exclusion assays were used to assess the formation, structure and destabilization of the lipoplexes, whereas in vitro transfection assays with pSV-I²-gal plasmid DNA were performed to evaluate their transfection efficiency on the 293T mammalian cell line. Results indicate that the morphology of pDNA/DODAB:MO complexes is dependent on the lipoplex preparation method, resulting in particles of distinct size, surface charge and membrane fluidity. These variations are visible during the complexation dynamics of pDNA and continue throughout the profile of pDNA release from pDNA/DODAB:MO lipoplexes upon incubation with Heparin (HEP), as well as in the in vitro transfection assays. The stepwise addition of DODAB:MO vesicles to pDNA decreases the transfection efficiency of the lipoplexes, while the effect of the lipoplex preparation methods is dependent on the MO content.","PeriodicalId":15165,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Solution Chemistry and Modeling","volume":"12 1","pages":"94-105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81615518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-06-02DOI: 10.6000/1929-5030.2014.03.02.8
J. Mejuto, J. Morales, O. Moldes, A. Cid
In the present review the percolative phenomena has been analyzed. Percolation is related to transport phenomena in microemulsions, in particular the electric charge transport. The influence of different additives upon electric percolation has been commented. The effects of the additives considered upon the microemulsion properties appear to come about through their association with the surfactant interface. The effects of these agents on the ease with which interdroplet channels allowing transfer of droplet contents are formed are not only responsible for their effects on percolation temperature, but also have serious implications for the rates of fast chemical reactions performed in microemulsions.
{"title":"Effects of Additives upon Percolation Temperature in AOT-Based Microemulsions","authors":"J. Mejuto, J. Morales, O. Moldes, A. Cid","doi":"10.6000/1929-5030.2014.03.02.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-5030.2014.03.02.8","url":null,"abstract":"In the present review the percolative phenomena has been analyzed. Percolation is related to transport phenomena in microemulsions, in particular the electric charge transport. The influence of different additives upon electric percolation has been commented. The effects of the additives considered upon the microemulsion properties appear to come about through their association with the surfactant interface. The effects of these agents on the ease with which interdroplet channels allowing transfer of droplet contents are formed are not only responsible for their effects on percolation temperature, but also have serious implications for the rates of fast chemical reactions performed in microemulsions.","PeriodicalId":15165,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Solution Chemistry and Modeling","volume":"493 1","pages":"106-129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75873336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-06-02DOI: 10.6000/1929-5030.2014.03.02.5
A. Tripathi, M. Agrawal
Viscosities which are accurate to ± 0.01mP, have been measured for binary liquid mixtures of acetylene tetrachloride (CHCl 2 CHCl 2 ,hereafter abbreviated simply as ATC) with benzene, toluene, p-xylene, acetone and cyclohexane at 303.15 ±0.01K. The values of the quantity Δη, which refer to the deviations of the experimental values of the dynamic viscosities of the mixtures from the mole fraction mixture law values, have been found to be negative for the systems ATC-benzene, ATC-toluene, ATC-p-xylene and ATC-cyclohexane. For ATC-acetone, ∆η has been found to be negative at low mole fractions of ATC and positive at high mole fractions. Also the values of the parameter d have been calculated from the equation ln η = x 1 ln η 1 +x 2 ln η 2 +x 1 x 2 d, where η 1 & η 2 refer to the dynamic viscosities of the two pure liquids 1 and 2 whose mole fractions in the mixtures are x 1 & x 2 respectively. The values of d indicate the existence of specific interaction of ATC with benzene, toluene, p-xylene and acetone. The viscosity data have been analysed in the light of absolute reaction rate and free volume theories of liquid viscosity.
在303.15±0.01K的温度下，测定了四氯化乙炔(CHCl 2 CHCl 2，以下简称ATC)与苯、甲苯、对二甲苯、丙酮和环己烷二元液体混合物的粘度，其精度可达±0.01mP。对于atc -苯、atc -甲苯、atc -对二甲苯和atc -环己烷体系，表示混合物动态粘度实验值与摩尔分数混合定律值偏差的量Δη均为负值。对于ATC-丙酮，∆η在ATC的低摩尔分数为负，在高摩尔分数为正。由方程ln η = x 1 ln η 1 +x 2 ln η 2 +x 1 x 2d计算了参数d的值，其中η 1和η 2分别表示混合物中摩尔分数分别为x 1和x 2的两种纯液体1和2的动态粘度。d值表明ATC与苯、甲苯、对二甲苯和丙酮存在特定的相互作用。根据液体粘度的绝对反应速率和自由体积理论对粘度数据进行了分析。
{"title":"Viscosities of Binary Liquid Mixtures of Acetylene Tetrachloride with Benzene, Toluene, p-xylene, Acetone & Cyclohexane at 303.15K","authors":"A. Tripathi, M. Agrawal","doi":"10.6000/1929-5030.2014.03.02.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-5030.2014.03.02.5","url":null,"abstract":"Viscosities which are accurate to ± 0.01mP, have been measured for binary liquid mixtures of acetylene tetrachloride (CHCl 2 CHCl 2 ,hereafter abbreviated simply as ATC) with benzene, toluene, p-xylene, acetone and cyclohexane at 303.15 ±0.01K. The values of the quantity Δη, which refer to the deviations of the experimental values of the dynamic viscosities of the mixtures from the mole fraction mixture law values, have been found to be negative for the systems ATC-benzene, ATC-toluene, ATC-p-xylene and ATC-cyclohexane. For ATC-acetone, ∆η has been found to be negative at low mole fractions of ATC and positive at high mole fractions. Also the values of the parameter d have been calculated from the equation ln η = x 1 ln η 1 +x 2 ln η 2 +x 1 x 2 d, where η 1 & η 2 refer to the dynamic viscosities of the two pure liquids 1 and 2 whose mole fractions in the mixtures are x 1 & x 2 respectively. The values of d indicate the existence of specific interaction of ATC with benzene, toluene, p-xylene and acetone. The viscosity data have been analysed in the light of absolute reaction rate and free volume theories of liquid viscosity.","PeriodicalId":15165,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Solution Chemistry and Modeling","volume":"21 1","pages":"74-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75199925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-06-02DOI: 10.6000/1929-5030.2014.03.02.2
Ching-Mao Wu, Szu-Yin Lin
The effect of temperature on the two types of multilamellar structures, L I and L II , formed by the complexes of DNA with a cationic lipid, cholesteryl 3β-N-(dimethylamionethyl) carbamate (DC-Chol), in the bulk state has been investigated by small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). L I phase composing of A-DNA intercalated between the lipid bilayers with tilted tails was formed at lower lipid-to-base pair molar ratio (x 2. In addition to the differences in lipid packing state and DNA conformation, these two lamellar phases also displayed different thermal stability. L I phase was highly thermally stable as its interlamellar distance remained essentially unperturbed even after the denaturation of A-DNA in the complex at elevated temperature. By contrast, the interlamellar distance of L II phase decreased with increasing temperature due to the release of bound water and B-DNA denaturation.
{"title":"Thermally Stable Multilamellar Structure of DNA/Cationic Lipid Complex in the Bulk State","authors":"Ching-Mao Wu, Szu-Yin Lin","doi":"10.6000/1929-5030.2014.03.02.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-5030.2014.03.02.2","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of temperature on the two types of multilamellar structures, L I and L II , formed by the complexes of DNA with a cationic lipid, cholesteryl 3β-N-(dimethylamionethyl) carbamate (DC-Chol), in the bulk state has been investigated by small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). L I phase composing of A-DNA intercalated between the lipid bilayers with tilted tails was formed at lower lipid-to-base pair molar ratio (x 2. In addition to the differences in lipid packing state and DNA conformation, these two lamellar phases also displayed different thermal stability. L I phase was highly thermally stable as its interlamellar distance remained essentially unperturbed even after the denaturation of A-DNA in the complex at elevated temperature. By contrast, the interlamellar distance of L II phase decreased with increasing temperature due to the release of bound water and B-DNA denaturation.","PeriodicalId":15165,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Solution Chemistry and Modeling","volume":"403 1","pages":"53-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88676385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-05-02DOI: 10.6000/1929-5030.2014.03.02.1
C. Zou, Lu Zhou, Ya-li Wang, Lu Li
Hydroxypropyl-I²-Cyclodextrin (HP-I²-CD), prepared via reaction of I²-Cyclodextrin (I²-CD) and propylene oxide (PO), is utilized to research solubilization of HP-I²-CD on cholesterol in aqueous solution. HP-I²-CD is characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry (FT-IR), and concentrations of cholesterol solution are measured by ultraviolet and visible (UV VIS) spectrophotometer. The research on optimal synthesis conditions of HP-I²-CD indicates that sodium hydroxide amounts have the most effect on yields of product. The maximum solubilization multiples of HP-I²-CD reaches 15, below which molecular rate of HP-I²-CD and cholesterol in inclusion complex is 1:1.
{"title":"Solubilization of Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin on Cholesterol in Aqueous Solution","authors":"C. Zou, Lu Zhou, Ya-li Wang, Lu Li","doi":"10.6000/1929-5030.2014.03.02.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-5030.2014.03.02.1","url":null,"abstract":"Hydroxypropyl-I²-Cyclodextrin (HP-I²-CD), prepared via reaction of I²-Cyclodextrin (I²-CD) and propylene oxide (PO), is utilized to research solubilization of HP-I²-CD on cholesterol in aqueous solution. HP-I²-CD is characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry (FT-IR), and concentrations of cholesterol solution are measured by ultraviolet and visible (UV VIS) spectrophotometer. The research on optimal synthesis conditions of HP-I²-CD indicates that sodium hydroxide amounts have the most effect on yields of product. The maximum solubilization multiples of HP-I²-CD reaches 15, below which molecular rate of HP-I²-CD and cholesterol in inclusion complex is 1:1.","PeriodicalId":15165,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Solution Chemistry and Modeling","volume":"32 1","pages":"48-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82484155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-03-17DOI: 10.6000/1929-5030.2014.03.01.2
S. Ujiie, Jinzhi Wu, Masanori Nata
Ionic mesogens ( HI- n ), constructed from imidazolium-functionalized azobenzenes with differential flexible spacers and a nitro polar terminal group, were synthesized. Their potential thermotropic liquid crystal properties were investigated by polarizing optical microscopy (POM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and temperature variable X-ray diffraction measurements. HI- n exhibited a smectic A fluid (SmA) phase by anisotropy through interactions between azobenzene units and ionic interactions. This SmA formation was observed by POM and DSC. In the SmA phase, focal conic fan textures were observed by POM under the crossed-Nicols. The perpendicular structure (homeotropic alignment) formed spontaneously in the SmA phase through physical adsorption of imidazolium ionic units upon a glass plate. In the SmA phase, HI- n exhibited the X-ray diffraction patterns consisting of sharp inner reflections, corresponding to the layer distance, and a broad outer reflection exhibiting a short range order within the smectic layer. It is expected that the SmA layer consists of the hydrophilic and hydrophobic sublayers. The hydrophilic sublayer was formed by an ionic aggregation of imidazolium and iodide ions. On the other hand, the hydrophobic sublayer was obtained by segregation from the hydrophilic sublayer. It can be considered that HI- n are an anisotropic ionic liquid because the SmA state has a fluidity such as an ionic liquid. The ionic material shows the strong temperature dependence of an ionic interaction. The ionic interactions in the liquid crystal phase became weak gradually with increasing temperature, and the fluidity of the liquid crystal phase increase. HI- n dissolved in water. The HI- n water solution revealed a lyotropic smectic A anisotropic fluid.
{"title":"Anisotropic Properties of Mesogenic Surfactants with Ionic Liquid Core","authors":"S. Ujiie, Jinzhi Wu, Masanori Nata","doi":"10.6000/1929-5030.2014.03.01.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-5030.2014.03.01.2","url":null,"abstract":"Ionic mesogens ( HI- n ), constructed from imidazolium-functionalized azobenzenes with differential flexible spacers and a nitro polar terminal group, were synthesized. Their potential thermotropic liquid crystal properties were investigated by polarizing optical microscopy (POM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and temperature variable X-ray diffraction measurements. HI- n exhibited a smectic A fluid (SmA) phase by anisotropy through interactions between azobenzene units and ionic interactions. This SmA formation was observed by POM and DSC. In the SmA phase, focal conic fan textures were observed by POM under the crossed-Nicols. The perpendicular structure (homeotropic alignment) formed spontaneously in the SmA phase through physical adsorption of imidazolium ionic units upon a glass plate. In the SmA phase, HI- n exhibited the X-ray diffraction patterns consisting of sharp inner reflections, corresponding to the layer distance, and a broad outer reflection exhibiting a short range order within the smectic layer. It is expected that the SmA layer consists of the hydrophilic and hydrophobic sublayers. The hydrophilic sublayer was formed by an ionic aggregation of imidazolium and iodide ions. On the other hand, the hydrophobic sublayer was obtained by segregation from the hydrophilic sublayer. It can be considered that HI- n are an anisotropic ionic liquid because the SmA state has a fluidity such as an ionic liquid. The ionic material shows the strong temperature dependence of an ionic interaction. The ionic interactions in the liquid crystal phase became weak gradually with increasing temperature, and the fluidity of the liquid crystal phase increase. HI- n dissolved in water. The HI- n water solution revealed a lyotropic smectic A anisotropic fluid.","PeriodicalId":15165,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Solution Chemistry and Modeling","volume":"1 1","pages":"8-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80729713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-03-17DOI: 10.6000/1929-5030.2014.03.01.1
V. Mazur, S. Haddad, D. Nikitin
The principal aim of this work is to study azeotropy breaking in the refrigerant blends with ionic liquids (IL). The global phase diagram approach is applied to correlate azeotropic data for binary mixtures based only on critical properties and acentric factor of the individual components in mixtures. Analytical expressions to predict azeotropy phenomena in terms of critical parameters of pure components and binary interaction parameters are given. The eventual azeotropy appearance in the refrigerant – IL blends is discussed and conclusion about highly improbable azeotropic blend formation for these systems is given. Global phase behavior of ionic liquid – industrial refrigerant blends is analyzed and possible III, IV and/or V types according to the classification scheme of Scott and van Konynenburg [1] are established. The azeotropy breaking in binary refrigerant mixtures with ionic liquid adding is predicted.
{"title":"Azeotropy Breaking in Refrigerant Blends with Ionic Liquids","authors":"V. Mazur, S. Haddad, D. Nikitin","doi":"10.6000/1929-5030.2014.03.01.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-5030.2014.03.01.1","url":null,"abstract":"The principal aim of this work is to study azeotropy breaking in the refrigerant blends with ionic liquids (IL). The global phase diagram approach is applied to correlate azeotropic data for binary mixtures based only on critical properties and acentric factor of the individual components in mixtures. Analytical expressions to predict azeotropy phenomena in terms of critical parameters of pure components and binary interaction parameters are given. The eventual azeotropy appearance in the refrigerant – IL blends is discussed and conclusion about highly improbable azeotropic blend formation for these systems is given. Global phase behavior of ionic liquid – industrial refrigerant blends is analyzed and possible III, IV and/or V types according to the classification scheme of Scott and van Konynenburg [1] are established. The azeotropy breaking in binary refrigerant mixtures with ionic liquid adding is predicted.","PeriodicalId":15165,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Solution Chemistry and Modeling","volume":"7 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84950968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-03-17DOI: 10.6000/1929-5030.2014.03.01.5
H. Mousavi, A. Khaligh, M. Behzad, J. Rahchamani
In this study the removal of methylene blue (MB) dye from aqueous solutions by polyacrylamide (PAA) as a potential adsorbent was reported. PAA was characterized using SEM and FTIR measurements. Batch adsorption experiments were performed as a function of the solution pH, contact time, solute concentration and temperature. Evaluation of the obtained data with isotherm studies indicated that the adsorption process was matched well with the Langmuir model. The maximum capacity of adsorbent for MB was 111.1 mg g −1 . Kinetic studies were carried out on various kinetic models and the pseudo-second order kinetic model was fitted very well with experimental data. Moreover, the thermodynamic parameters indicated that the adsorption reaction was endothermic and spontaneous process.
本文报道了聚丙烯酰胺(PAA)作为吸附剂对亚甲基蓝(MB)染料的脱除效果。采用SEM和FTIR对PAA进行了表征。间歇吸附实验以溶液pH、接触时间、溶质浓度和温度为函数进行。等温线实验结果表明，吸附过程与Langmuir模型吻合较好。吸附剂对MB的最大吸附容量为111.1 mg g ´1。对各种动力学模型进行了动力学研究，拟二级动力学模型与实验数据拟合较好。热力学参数表明，吸附反应为吸热自发过程。
{"title":"Application of Polyacrylamide for Methylene Blue Removal from Aqueous Solutions","authors":"H. Mousavi, A. Khaligh, M. Behzad, J. Rahchamani","doi":"10.6000/1929-5030.2014.03.01.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-5030.2014.03.01.5","url":null,"abstract":"In this study the removal of methylene blue (MB) dye from aqueous solutions by polyacrylamide (PAA) as a potential adsorbent was reported. PAA was characterized using SEM and FTIR measurements. Batch adsorption experiments were performed as a function of the solution pH, contact time, solute concentration and temperature. Evaluation of the obtained data with isotherm studies indicated that the adsorption process was matched well with the Langmuir model. The maximum capacity of adsorbent for MB was 111.1 mg g −1 . Kinetic studies were carried out on various kinetic models and the pseudo-second order kinetic model was fitted very well with experimental data. Moreover, the thermodynamic parameters indicated that the adsorption reaction was endothermic and spontaneous process.","PeriodicalId":15165,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Solution Chemistry and Modeling","volume":"9 1","pages":"39-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85672349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-03-17DOI: 10.6000/1929-5030.2014.03.01.3
E. Starikov
The history of the Meyer-Neldel rule's development and the initial collective efforts toward its comprehension have been described here. The whole story gives a nice occasion to trigger thorough analysis of the basic thermodynamic laws and looking for the true sense of the entropy notion.
{"title":"'Meyer-Neldel Rule': True History of its Development and its Intimate Connection to Classical Thermodynamics","authors":"E. Starikov","doi":"10.6000/1929-5030.2014.03.01.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-5030.2014.03.01.3","url":null,"abstract":"The history of the Meyer-Neldel rule's development and the initial collective efforts toward its comprehension have been described here. The whole story gives a nice occasion to trigger thorough analysis of the basic thermodynamic laws and looking for the true sense of the entropy notion.","PeriodicalId":15165,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Solution Chemistry and Modeling","volume":"41 1","pages":"15-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79066231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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