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Surface grinding of CFRP composites using rotary ultrasonic machining: design of experiment on cutting force, torque and surface roughness 旋转超声加工CFRP复合材料的表面磨削:切削力、扭矩和表面粗糙度的实验设计
Pub Date : 2017-12-07 DOI: 10.1504/IJMR.2017.10008389
Hui Wang, F. Ning, Yingbin Hu, D. Du, W. Cong
Carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) composites provide excellent properties, which make them attractive in many industries. However, due to the properties of high stiffness, anisotropy, and high abrasiveness of carbon fiber in CFRPs, they are regarded as difficult-to-cut materials. To find an efficient surface grinding process for CFRP, this paper conducts an investigation using RUM. Design of experiment (DOE) is vital to evaluate effects of input variables on output variables, and it could be used to obtain the optimal values of variables in such a process. DOE could also be used to decrease the test numbers, the research cost etc. However, there are no investigations on DOE in such a process. This investigation firstly tests the effects of three input variables, including tool rotation speed, feedrate, and ultrasonic power, on output variables, including cutting force, torque, and surface roughness, at two levels. This investigation will provide guides for future research.
碳纤维增强塑料(CFRP)复合材料具有优异的性能,在许多行业都具有吸引力。然而,由于碳纤维在cfrp中的高刚度、各向异性和高磨耗性,它们被认为是难以切割的材料。为了寻找一种高效的CFRP表面磨削工艺,本文利用RUM进行了研究。实验设计(DOE)是评价输入变量对输出变量影响的关键,是评价输入变量对输出变量影响的最优方法。DOE还可以用于减少试验次数,降低研究成本等。然而,在这一过程中,没有对DOE进行调查。本研究首先测试了三个输入变量(包括刀具转速、进给速度和超声波功率)对输出变量(包括切削力、扭矩和表面粗糙度)的影响。本研究将为今后的研究提供指导。
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引用次数: 12
Intelligent condition perception network towards sustainable manufacturing capability for manufacturing systems 面向制造系统可持续制造能力的智能状态感知网络
Pub Date : 2017-08-29 DOI: 10.1504/IJMR.2017.10006341
QUAN LIU, Aiming Liu, Yuanming Li, Wenjun Xu, Jiayi Liu, Gaobo Chen, Wei Dai
Sustainability has become an important factor from which we can judge the performance of modern manufacturing systems. The condition perception of sustainable manufacturing capability (SMC) can provide reliable manufacturing information and data support for manufacturing systems. This paper proposes an intelligent condition perception network (ICPN) for SMC of manufacturing systems, which focuses on the production condition monitoring, the energy consumption metering, and the perception data transfer. The proposed hybrid wireless perception network consists of the embedded Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) perception modules, embedded energy consumption perception modules and environment perception modules. In view of the several heterogeneous networks might coexist in the manufacturing environment, the heterogeneous networks adaptation device is designed to figure out the problem of differences of data transmission in heterogeneous networks. Finally, a prototype system is deployed in a laboratory environment. The experimental results demonstrate that the system can satisfy the requirements of condition perception for SMC.
可持续性已经成为我们判断现代制造系统性能的一个重要因素。持续制造能力的状态感知可以为制造系统提供可靠的制造信息和数据支持。本文提出了一种面向制造系统SMC的智能状态感知网络(ICPN),主要包括生产状态监控、能耗计量和感知数据传输。该混合无线感知网络由嵌入式射频识别感知模块、嵌入式能耗感知模块和环境感知模块组成。针对制造环境中可能同时存在多种异构网络的情况,设计了异构网络适配装置,以解决异构网络中数据传输的差异问题。最后,在实验室环境中部署了一个原型系统。实验结果表明,该系统能够满足SMC的状态感知要求。
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引用次数: 2
Fault detection using vibration signal analysis of rolling element bearing in time domain using an innovative time scalar indicator 基于时间标量指标的滚动轴承振动信号时域分析故障检测
Pub Date : 2017-08-29 DOI: 10.1504/IJMR.2017.10006345
M. Pradhan, Pankaj Gupta
Rolling element bearings are critical components of rotating mechanisms and the presence of defects may cause catastrophic failure. The early identification of such defects with the severity of damage under operating may avoid malfunctioning and breakdown. Defective bearings are the source of vibration and its signals can be used to assess the faulty bearings. The diagnosis of fault and assessment of defect severity using fault scalar indicator extracted from the time domain signal through increase in size has been presented. Six time scalar indicators, namely peak, RMS, crest factor, kurtosis, impulse factor, and shape factor have been considered. The results obtained from these fault indicators for assessing fault severity using simulation have been compared and found that they can be used for early prediction. A new scalar indicator has been developed to improve the diagnosis of defect up to a point of bearing failure and helps to take necessary action to avoid the failure. [Received 31 August 2016; Accepted 06 February 2017]
滚动轴承是旋转机构的关键部件,缺陷的存在可能导致灾难性的失效。在操作过程中及早发现这些缺陷和损坏的严重程度,可以避免故障和故障。故障轴承是振动的来源,其信号可用于故障轴承的评估。提出了通过增大时域信号大小提取故障标量指标进行故障诊断和缺陷严重程度评估的方法。考虑了六个时间标量指标,即峰、均方根、峰因子、峰度、脉冲因子和形状因子。将这些故障指标用于故障严重程度评估的仿真结果进行了比较,发现它们可以用于早期预测。提出了一种新的标量指示器,以提高对轴承故障点的缺陷诊断,并有助于采取必要的措施来避免故障。[2016年8月31日收到;接受2017年2月6日]
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引用次数: 9
Transfer batch size impact on a job shop environment performance 转移批大小对作业车间环境性能的影响
Pub Date : 2017-08-29 DOI: 10.1504/IJMR.2017.10006342
Myriam Leonor Niño López, Henry Lamos Díaz, Paula Julieth Jaimes Sanmiguel, Julieth Vanessa Rivera González
Lot streaming is an operational scheduling technique which allows overlapping between successive operations because of the frequent transport of transfer batches smaller than the process lot. This study aims to statistically evaluate the lot streaming impact on the dependent variables makespan and idle capacity of resources in a job shop, taking into account transportation activities. Four lot streaming policies for different demand scenarios and different products mixes are analyzed. This problem is formulated by mixed integer linear programming and solved in GAMS. Finally, statistical analysis shows the benefit on the system performance by applying this technique.(Received 14 October 2016; Accepted 09 February 2017)
批量流是一种操作调度技术,由于比过程批量小的传输批次频繁传输,使得连续操作之间存在重叠。本研究旨在统计评估在考虑运输活动的情况下,批流对作业车间的因变量makespan和资源闲置能力的影响。分析了针对不同需求场景和不同产品组合的四种批次流策略。该问题用混合整数线性规划表述,并在GAMS中求解。最后,通过统计分析显示了应用该技术对系统性能的好处。(收到2016年10月14日;接受2017年2月9日)
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引用次数: 0
A ladle heat loss model for daily production 用于日常生产的钢包热损失模型
Pub Date : 2017-08-29 DOI: 10.1504/IJMR.2017.10006969
Keyvan Rahmani, V. Thomson
Production events and uncertainties impact ladle processing times, which in turn affect the steel temperature at the tundish. Deviations from the desired steel temperature in the tundish can result in production stoppage either due to premature solidification or due to liquid steel leakage at the caster. These stoppages are extremely costly and must be avoided by any means. Using a good method for estimation of heat losses that is linked to production parameters is very useful to reduce the risk of incorrect steel temperature. Most of the literature to date on computing the ladle heat loss is concerned with analytical and numerical solutions that are interesting academically or with regards to ladle design. This paper however is concerned with building a gross heat loss estimation model for a ladle in daily operation. It studies the important parameters that affect final steel temperature and uses actual production data to validate the analyses and conclusions. A rule of thumb for the cooling rate of steel in a ladle is developed with an average value of 0.55 to 1.40°C/min. [Received 25 December 2015; Accepted 22 February 2017]
生产事件和不确定性影响钢包加工时间,进而影响中间包的钢温。与中间包所需钢温的偏差可能由于过早凝固或由于连铸机的钢液泄漏而导致生产停止。这些停工的代价极其高昂,必须以任何方式加以避免。使用一种与生产参数相关联的热损失估算方法对于降低钢温不正确的风险是非常有用的。迄今为止,大多数关于计算钢包热损失的文献都涉及解析和数值解决方案,这些解决方案在学术上或钢包设计方面很有趣。然而,本文关注的是建立一个钢包在日常运行中的总热损失估计模型。研究了影响最终钢温的重要参数,并用实际生产数据验证了分析和结论。对于钢包中钢的冷却速度,有一个经验法则,其平均值为0.55至1.40°C/min。[2015年12月25日收到;接受2017年2月22日]
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引用次数: 0
Sequential procedure for selecting the ranges of process parameters in rotary ultrasonic machining 选择旋转超声加工工艺参数范围的顺序程序
Pub Date : 2017-08-29 DOI: 10.1504/IJMR.2017.10006343
Dipesh Popli, M. Gupta
Nickel-based alloys have numerous potential engineering applications. However, their widespread applications have been hindered by the elevated machining cost. There is a crucial need for commercial and cost effective machining processes for Ni-based super alloys. Rotary ultrasonic machining (RUM) is a hybrid machining process that combines the material removal mechanisms through diamond grinding and ultrasonic vibration (USM), resulting in higher machining rate than those obtained by conventional USM. Before going to the production run, it is necessary to conduct performance analysis followed by pilot experimentation for newer material. Relationships between desired outcome and the controllable machining parameters have been deducing. However, the relationships have been studied by screening the experiments. In this paper, a three-factor two-level factorial design followed by steepest ascent is utilised to find conditions for final experimentation. [Received 16 September 2016; Accepted 12 March 2017]
镍基合金具有许多潜在的工程应用。然而,加工成本的提高阻碍了它们的广泛应用。对于镍基高温合金来说,迫切需要具有成本效益的商业化加工工艺。旋转超声加工(RUM)是一种结合了金刚石磨削和超声振动(USM)两种材料去除机制的混合加工工艺,其加工速率高于常规超声振动。在进入生产运行之前,有必要对新材料进行性能分析,然后进行中试试验。推导了期望结果与可控加工参数之间的关系。然而,通过筛选实验研究了它们之间的关系。在本文中,一个三因素二水平的析因设计随后最陡峭的上升是用来寻找条件的最终实验。[2016年9月16日收到;接受2017年3月12日]
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引用次数: 3
The selection of key temperature measuring points for the compensation of thermal errors of CNC machining tools 数控机床热误差补偿关键测温点的选择
Pub Date : 2017-08-29 DOI: 10.1504/IJMR.2017.086177
P. Lou, Nianyun Liu, Yuting Chen, QUAN LIU, Zude Zhou
Statistically, up to 40% of machining errors are given with thermal errors and the proportion is as high as 70% in precision and ultra-precision machine tools. A compensation technique with creating a compensation model of the thermal error based on the relationship between temperature fields and thermal errors of machine tools is one of the most effective methods to enhance accuracy of machine tools. The key temperature measuring points have to be selected before building the thermal error compensation model because they has a great influence on the accuracy and robustness of error compensation model. In this paper, a new method to select the key temperature measuring points is presented. This method involves two phases: firstly using stability analysis of thermal error sensitivity to select the measuring points with strong correlation to thermal error; and then employing fuzzy cluster analysis to further reduce the number of the key temperature measuring points. To evaluate the performance of this method, a thermal error compensation model is built based on BP neural network to validate the selected temperature measuring points on the milling machining centre CR5116. [Received 30 April 2016; Accepted 16 November 2016]
据统计,高达40%的加工误差是由热误差引起的,在精密和超精密机床中,这一比例高达70%。基于温度场与机床热误差之间的关系建立机床热误差补偿模型是提高机床精度的最有效方法之一。关键温度测点对误差补偿模型的精度和鲁棒性有很大影响,因此在建立热误差补偿模型之前必须选择关键温度测点。本文提出了一种新的温度测点选择方法。该方法分为两个阶段:首先利用热误差灵敏度的稳定性分析,选择与热误差相关性强的测点;然后采用模糊聚类分析进一步减少关键温度测点的数量。为了评估该方法的性能,建立了基于BP神经网络的热误差补偿模型,并对CR5116铣削加工中心所选温度测点进行了验证。[2016年4月30日收到;接受2016年11月16日]
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引用次数: 8
Quasi-static and dynamic engraving of small calibre projectile 小口径弹丸的准静态和动态雕刻
Pub Date : 2017-07-28 DOI: 10.1504/IJMR.2017.10005449
Bin Wu, Jing Zheng, L. Fang, Xiao-lei Chen, Z. Zou, Kai-shuan Zhang, Rong-gang Chen
The engraving process of projectile is one of the main topics of interior ballistics and has not been well known till now. Our study focuses on engraving small calibre projectile under quasi-static and dynamic loading conditions. Quasi-static tests were carried out on a MTS 810 and a gas gun-based test rig was specially designed to perform the dynamic tests. The hoop and axial strains of the outside surface of the gun barrel were monitored and analysed to reflect the interaction between the projectile and the barrel. The effects of projectile structure and loading rate on the engraving process were investigated. The experimental results showed that severe friction between the projectile and gun bore occurs and plastic deformation of the copper layer increases the engraving resistance. Changes in force and strain under different conditions indicate that many factors including projectile structure and loading rate have great influences on the engraving process. [Received 20 July 2016; Accepted 16 November 2016]
弹丸的刻蚀过程是内弹道的主要研究课题之一,迄今为止还未被人们所熟知。本文主要研究了准静态和动态加载条件下小口径弹丸的雕刻问题。在MTS - 810上进行了准静态试验,并专门设计了气枪试验台进行动态试验。对炮管外表面的环向应变和轴向应变进行了监测和分析,以反映弹丸与炮管之间的相互作用。研究了弹丸结构和加载速率对雕刻过程的影响。实验结果表明,弹丸与炮膛发生剧烈摩擦,铜层的塑性变形增大了雕刻阻力。不同条件下的受力和应变变化表明,弹丸结构和加载速率等因素对雕刻过程有很大影响。[2016年7月20日收到;接受2016年11月16日]
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引用次数: 1
Thermal-fluid-structure interaction analysis of bladed disk system based on Kriging model and hypothetic elastomer method 基于Kriging模型和假设弹性体方法的叶盘系统热流固耦合分析
Pub Date : 2017-07-28 DOI: 10.1504/IJMR.2017.10005446
L. Zhang, Xin Li
A partitioned time marching algorithm is used for the thermal-fluidstructure interaction analysis based on solutions of the fluid (include thermal) and structure (include thermal) sub-problems. The finite volume method is used for the fluid sub-problem, and the finite element method is used for structure sub-problem. A new data exchange method is presented by Kriging model, which could be used for data exchange on the coupled interface from fluid to structure and structure to fluid. A flow field mesh update method is presented based on the hypothetic elastomer finite element method. A case of multi-field coupling analysis of single-stage bladed disk system in a compressor is investigated. The effect of different loading modes on mechanics characteristics of bladed disk system is discussed. [Received 17 August 2016; Revised 14 November 2016; Accepted 16 November 2016]
基于流体(含热)子问题和结构(含热)子问题的解,采用分段时间推进算法进行热-流-固耦合分析。流体子问题采用有限体积法,结构子问题采用有限元法。基于Kriging模型,提出了一种新的数据交换方法,可用于流体与结构、结构与流体耦合界面上的数据交换。提出了一种基于假设弹性体有限元法的流场网格更新方法。以某型压气机单级叶盘系统为例,进行了多场耦合分析。讨论了不同加载方式对叶片盘系力学特性的影响。[2016年8月17日收到;2016年11月14日修订;接受2016年11月16日]
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引用次数: 1
Mechanism study on gear tooth surface texture in power honing process 动力珩磨过程中齿轮齿面织构的机理研究
Pub Date : 2017-07-28 DOI: 10.1504/IJMR.2017.10005444
Jiang Han, Bin Yuan, Lulu Wu, F. Zhao, L. Xia
Gear driving occupies an indispensable position in the field of mechanical transmission of the modern industry, better texture and mechanics characteristics of gear surface contribute to better meshing quality. Gear honing has been wildly used as gear finishing process because of its better gear surface texture and higher surface residual stress than gear grinding in recent years, especially for the development of power honing with internal gearing. In this paper, the gear surface model of the bull-gear in gear box was built based on the involute helicoid theory, and then the points of gear surface were converted to the honing wheel by using the space coordinate transform theory and matrix resolution method, the tooth surface model of the honing wheel was calculated based on the honing parameters and the conjugate contact principle of internal meshing. Through analysing the relative motion velocity vector of contact lines, the formation mechanism of gear surface texture was reflected clearly with different axis-crossing angles. The results of this research have important theoretical and instructional significance for the honing process. [Received 22 July 2016; Accepted 16 November 2016]
齿轮传动在现代工业机械传动领域中占有不可缺少的地位,齿轮表面良好的纹理和力学特性有助于提高啮合质量。近年来,由于珩磨比磨削加工具有更好的齿轮表面纹理和更高的表面残余应力,特别是内啮合动力珩磨加工得到了广泛的应用。基于渐开线螺旋面理论,建立了齿轮箱本体齿轮的齿面模型,然后利用空间坐标变换理论和矩阵分解方法将齿轮面点转换为珩磨轮,基于珩磨参数和内啮合共轭接触原理,计算了珩磨轮的齿面模型。通过对接触线相对运动速度矢量的分析,清晰地反映了不同过轴角度下齿轮表面织构的形成机理。研究结果对珩磨工艺具有重要的理论和指导意义。[2016年7月22日收到;接受2016年11月16日]
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引用次数: 3
期刊
Int. J. Manuf. Res.
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