Pub Date : 2023-12-31DOI: 10.3126/jcmsn.v19i4.48718
Efe Ahama, Vincent-Junior Onoriode Igben, Joseph Ubogu, Ignatius Osakue Ifechukwude, U. S. Nwabuoku, Promise Okwuribo, Aghogho Kpangban, I. Odokuma
IntroductionTurmeric (Curcuma Longa) is a rhizomatous, perennial plant, flowering in nature, belonging to the ginger family. It’s potential therapeutic benefits, has led to an increase in its consumption globally. Despite severe studies on turmeric there is still existing literature gap on the effect of turmeric on the kidney. This study espoused the potential nephrotoxic sequel of the kidney following exposure to turmeric extract in adult wistar rats. MethodsEthical approval for the study was obtained from the Ethics and Research Committee in the Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences of the Delta State University, Abraka. 24 adult female Wistar rats, weighing between 180g - 200g were used as experimental model. They were grouped into 4 groups (A, B, C and D), and were euthanized at the end of the experimental days and effect of tumeric extract were studied. ResultsWe found that tumeric extract effect on the kidney histology was unremarkable in all groups with varying doses. Also observed was moderate significant increase in creatinine and urea level in treated groups when compared with control group. Conclusions Obtained upshot suggests that oral administration of turmeric with graded doses and time dependent showed no microscopic or cytoarchitectural changes, but with a negative functional report.
{"title":"Potential Nephrotoxic Sequel of the Kidney Following Exposure to Turmeric Extract in Adult Wistar Rats","authors":"Efe Ahama, Vincent-Junior Onoriode Igben, Joseph Ubogu, Ignatius Osakue Ifechukwude, U. S. Nwabuoku, Promise Okwuribo, Aghogho Kpangban, I. Odokuma","doi":"10.3126/jcmsn.v19i4.48718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v19i4.48718","url":null,"abstract":"IntroductionTurmeric (Curcuma Longa) is a rhizomatous, perennial plant, flowering in nature, belonging to the ginger family. It’s potential therapeutic benefits, has led to an increase in its consumption globally. Despite severe studies on turmeric there is still existing literature gap on the effect of turmeric on the kidney. This study espoused the potential nephrotoxic sequel of the kidney following exposure to turmeric extract in adult wistar rats. MethodsEthical approval for the study was obtained from the Ethics and Research Committee in the Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences of the Delta State University, Abraka. 24 adult female Wistar rats, weighing between 180g - 200g were used as experimental model. They were grouped into 4 groups (A, B, C and D), and were euthanized at the end of the experimental days and effect of tumeric extract were studied. ResultsWe found that tumeric extract effect on the kidney histology was unremarkable in all groups with varying doses. Also observed was moderate significant increase in creatinine and urea level in treated groups when compared with control group. Conclusions Obtained upshot suggests that oral administration of turmeric with graded doses and time dependent showed no microscopic or cytoarchitectural changes, but with a negative functional report.","PeriodicalId":15436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of College of Medical Sciences-nepal","volume":"96 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139131646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-31DOI: 10.3126/jcmsn.v19i4.60105
S. Ranabhat, S. Poudel, G. Pun
IntroductionPigmented skin lesions are defined as altered pigmentation of the skin as well as mucous membrane which can present as flat or raised growth and can be blue, brown, black or grey in color. The main aim of the study was to see the histopathological spectrum of pigmented skin disease and compare the clinical and histopathological diagnoses. MethodsIt is observational cross-sectional study conducted in the Department of Pathology of Gandaki Medical College and Teaching hospital from January 2022 to December 2022 and 80 cases were included. ResultsAge of the patient ranged from seven to 89 years and mean ± SD was 49.55 ± 21.73 years. There were 34 (42.6%) males and 46 (57.4%) females with a female: male ratio 1.3:1. The most common site of distribution of pigmented lesions of the skin were face in 44(55%) followed by trunk in 15(18.7%), extremities in 13(16.2%), scalp in 7(8.8%) and genitalia in 1 (1.3%). Histopathological study revealed the most common lesion as melanocytic nevi 14(17%) followed by basal cell carcinoma 11(13.8%), seborrheic keratosis 6(7.6%), Keratoacanthoma 5(6.3%), verrucous epidermal nevus 4(5%) and others cases in few numbers. Clinicopathological agreement was seen in 44 (55%). Conclusions Melanocytic nevi were the most common among the pigmented skin lesion. Other causes of pigmented lesions were due to keratinocytic, vascular and reactive changes. Malignant tumors can sometimes mimic benign lesions. Therefore, histopathological examination remains the gold standard in diagnosing these conditions and provide proper guidance for further management of patients.
{"title":"Histopathological Spectrum of Pigmented Skin Lesions in a Tertiary Care Centre of Nepal","authors":"S. Ranabhat, S. Poudel, G. Pun","doi":"10.3126/jcmsn.v19i4.60105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v19i4.60105","url":null,"abstract":"IntroductionPigmented skin lesions are defined as altered pigmentation of the skin as well as mucous membrane which can present as flat or raised growth and can be blue, brown, black or grey in color. The main aim of the study was to see the histopathological spectrum of pigmented skin disease and compare the clinical and histopathological diagnoses. MethodsIt is observational cross-sectional study conducted in the Department of Pathology of Gandaki Medical College and Teaching hospital from January 2022 to December 2022 and 80 cases were included. ResultsAge of the patient ranged from seven to 89 years and mean ± SD was 49.55 ± 21.73 years. There were 34 (42.6%) males and 46 (57.4%) females with a female: male ratio 1.3:1. The most common site of distribution of pigmented lesions of the skin were face in 44(55%) followed by trunk in 15(18.7%), extremities in 13(16.2%), scalp in 7(8.8%) and genitalia in 1 (1.3%). Histopathological study revealed the most common lesion as melanocytic nevi 14(17%) followed by basal cell carcinoma 11(13.8%), seborrheic keratosis 6(7.6%), Keratoacanthoma 5(6.3%), verrucous epidermal nevus 4(5%) and others cases in few numbers. Clinicopathological agreement was seen in 44 (55%). Conclusions Melanocytic nevi were the most common among the pigmented skin lesion. Other causes of pigmented lesions were due to keratinocytic, vascular and reactive changes. Malignant tumors can sometimes mimic benign lesions. Therefore, histopathological examination remains the gold standard in diagnosing these conditions and provide proper guidance for further management of patients.","PeriodicalId":15436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of College of Medical Sciences-nepal","volume":"119 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139134295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-31DOI: 10.3126/jcmsn.v19i4.55243
Namrata Gyawali, S. Sundas, B. K. Sah, N. Dhakal
IntroductionCarious lesions can both be prevented and arrested using fluoride-based materials. This study was done to evaluate and compare the efficacy of silver diamine fluoride in arresting dental caries at different frequencies of applications. MethodsThis experimental study was conducted among ten preschool children of 3-5 years old with seventy-four active carious lesions taking teeth as a sample unit. Children were randomly allocated into two intervention groups: Group 1— application of 38% silver diamine fluoride solution atthree consecutive weeks and Group 2— three applications of 38% silver diamine fluoride solution at monthly interval. The time taken of caries arrest was recorded. Data were collected and entered in Microsoft Excel sheet and analysis was done in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16. ResultsThe mean time taken for caries arrest for Group II (57.20 days) was found to be statistically longer than Group I (21.54 days) (p-value < 0.001). As the mean time taken for caries arrest for Group I was shorter, the weekly application was found to have higher efficacy than the monthly application. ConclusionsEfficacy of Silver Diamine Fluoride was found to be more in Group I (weekly application) compared to Group II (monthly application).
导言：使用含氟材料可以预防和阻止龋齿。本研究旨在评估和比较二胺氟化银在不同使用频率下抑制龋齿的功效。方法这项实验研究以十名 3-5 岁学龄前儿童的牙齿为样本单位，对七十四颗活动性龋齿进行了研究。儿童被随机分配到两个干预组：第一组--连续三周使用 38% 氟化亚银溶液，第二组--每月使用三次 38% 氟化亚银溶液。记录遏制龋齿所需的时间。数据收集后输入 Microsoft Excel 表格，并用 16 版社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）进行分析。结果第二组的平均止龋时间（57.20 天）比第一组（21.54 天）长（P 值<0.001）。由于 I 组的平均止龋时间较短，因此发现每周使用比每月使用的疗效更高。结论与第二组（每月使用一次）相比，第一组（每周使用一次）使用二卤化氟化银的效果更好。
{"title":"Efficacy of Silver Diamine Fluoride in Arresting Dental Caries in Primary Teeth in Patient Visiting Tertiary Hospital of Kathmandu","authors":"Namrata Gyawali, S. Sundas, B. K. Sah, N. Dhakal","doi":"10.3126/jcmsn.v19i4.55243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v19i4.55243","url":null,"abstract":"IntroductionCarious lesions can both be prevented and arrested using fluoride-based materials. This study was done to evaluate and compare the efficacy of silver diamine fluoride in arresting dental caries at different frequencies of applications. MethodsThis experimental study was conducted among ten preschool children of 3-5 years old with seventy-four active carious lesions taking teeth as a sample unit. Children were randomly allocated into two intervention groups: Group 1— application of 38% silver diamine fluoride solution atthree consecutive weeks and Group 2— three applications of 38% silver diamine fluoride solution at monthly interval. The time taken of caries arrest was recorded. Data were collected and entered in Microsoft Excel sheet and analysis was done in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16. ResultsThe mean time taken for caries arrest for Group II (57.20 days) was found to be statistically longer than Group I (21.54 days) (p-value < 0.001). As the mean time taken for caries arrest for Group I was shorter, the weekly application was found to have higher efficacy than the monthly application. ConclusionsEfficacy of Silver Diamine Fluoride was found to be more in Group I (weekly application) compared to Group II (monthly application).","PeriodicalId":15436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of College of Medical Sciences-nepal","volume":"106 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139134380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-31DOI: 10.3126/jcmsn.v19i4.56337
Kanistika Jha, M. Adhikari, Pratikshya Panthee
IntroductionClass II malocclusions refer to a discrepancy in the sagittal plane associated with either backward or upward rotation of the jaw. A backwardly positioned mandible is usually managed using a Twin block appliance which contains a bite plane to direct the occlusal forces in a more favorable direction. Our aim was to evaluate skeletal, dental, and soft tissue changes using twin-block appliance therapy in different facial divergence patients. MethodsA cephalometric study was conducted among two groups with 15 patients in each group. Group 1 have a Frankfort Mandibular plane Angle (FMA) of 18-25 degree while Group 2 have an FMA of 28 to 33 degree with Class II Division I malocclusion. All of them were treated with twin block appliances with modifications done according to FMA. Cephalometric analysis was done using Dolphin software (Dolphin Imaging 11.95) to evaluate skeletal, dental, and soft tissue changes after twin block therapy. ResultsAnalysis of variance and paired t-test were used to evaluate pre and post-treatment changes in cephalograms. The position of the mandible, maxillomandibular relation, and mandibular length was changed by 3.99 degrees, 5.23 degrees, and 4.04mm respectively in horizontal growers, while by 2.9 degrees, 1.74 degrees, and 1.07mm respectively in vertical growers. An increment in FMA by 4.59 degrees in horizontal growers with good vertical control and a little increment in FMA by 1.07 degrees in vertical growers were seen. Conclusions The twin block appliance is effective in skeletal, dental, and soft tissue correction in patients with different facial divergences.
{"title":"Skeletal, Dental and Soft Tissue Effects of Twin Block Appliance in Different Facial Divergence Cases","authors":"Kanistika Jha, M. Adhikari, Pratikshya Panthee","doi":"10.3126/jcmsn.v19i4.56337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v19i4.56337","url":null,"abstract":"IntroductionClass II malocclusions refer to a discrepancy in the sagittal plane associated with either backward or upward rotation of the jaw. A backwardly positioned mandible is usually managed using a Twin block appliance which contains a bite plane to direct the occlusal forces in a more favorable direction. Our aim was to evaluate skeletal, dental, and soft tissue changes using twin-block appliance therapy in different facial divergence patients. MethodsA cephalometric study was conducted among two groups with 15 patients in each group. Group 1 have a Frankfort Mandibular plane Angle (FMA) of 18-25 degree while Group 2 have an FMA of 28 to 33 degree with Class II Division I malocclusion. All of them were treated with twin block appliances with modifications done according to FMA. Cephalometric analysis was done using Dolphin software (Dolphin Imaging 11.95) to evaluate skeletal, dental, and soft tissue changes after twin block therapy. ResultsAnalysis of variance and paired t-test were used to evaluate pre and post-treatment changes in cephalograms. The position of the mandible, maxillomandibular relation, and mandibular length was changed by 3.99 degrees, 5.23 degrees, and 4.04mm respectively in horizontal growers, while by 2.9 degrees, 1.74 degrees, and 1.07mm respectively in vertical growers. An increment in FMA by 4.59 degrees in horizontal growers with good vertical control and a little increment in FMA by 1.07 degrees in vertical growers were seen. Conclusions The twin block appliance is effective in skeletal, dental, and soft tissue correction in patients with different facial divergences.","PeriodicalId":15436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of College of Medical Sciences-nepal","volume":"112 41","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139135505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-31DOI: 10.3126/jcmsn.v18i4.49151
Arati Thapa
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-2019) pandemic and its consequences on individuals’ social, economic, and familial lives have negatively affected mental health of the general population especially in a vulnerable individual. In this case reports, we aim to highlight the role of such psychosocial stressors related to COVID pandemic resulting in development of Acute Psychosis. In the first case the stressor is associated with fear of getting infected while in the second case fear of being put into Quarantine. Thus health measures should be employed to address psychosocial stressors, particularly related to the use of isolation/quarantine, infection fear and vulnerability among the general population.
{"title":"Clinical Psychopathology During Covid-19 Pandemic","authors":"Arati Thapa","doi":"10.3126/jcmsn.v18i4.49151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v18i4.49151","url":null,"abstract":"The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-2019) pandemic and its consequences on individuals’ social, economic, and familial lives have negatively affected mental health of the general population especially in a vulnerable individual. In this case reports, we aim to highlight the role of such psychosocial stressors related to COVID pandemic resulting in development of Acute Psychosis. In the first case the stressor is associated with fear of getting infected while in the second case fear of being put into Quarantine. Thus health measures should be employed to address psychosocial stressors, particularly related to the use of isolation/quarantine, infection fear and vulnerability among the general population.","PeriodicalId":15436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of College of Medical Sciences-nepal","volume":"99 47","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139131676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-31DOI: 10.3126/jcmsn.v19i4.60058
Sushma Singh, Pujan Sharma, B. Sharma, Kanchan Kumari Barnawal
Introduction: Sesamoids are small, well-corticated, ovoid or nodular, may be bipartite ormultipartite bones/ossifications found close to a bone or a joint that are subject to significant morphological variations. Although it is difficult to determine the symptomatic nature of these bones, imaging provides important diagnostic information. The objective of this study is to assess the prevalence and variations of sesamoid bone in hands of patients visiting a teaching hospital of Kaski district. Methods: A hospital based retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted by analyzing X-rays of hand with Anteroposterior (AP) view, a total of 150 both male and female patients between the age group of 18 to 85 wereimaged between August 1, 2022 to December 30, 2022 at Department of Radiology & Imaging(X-Ray Unit). Presence of sesamoid bone of hand was noted on 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th metacarpophalangeal joints (MCPj), and the 1st interphalangeal joint (IPj), separately. The data were analyzed for correlation using Pearson’s correlation test. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Committee of Gandaki Medical College (Reference No.159/079/080). Results: The prevalence of sesamoid bone at 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th MCPj, and 1st IPj were 100 (100%), 60 (46%), 24(16%), 20(13.3%), 100(66.7%), and 114(76%) respectively. Variation was more prominent among females at 2nd, 3rdand 5th MCPj and 1st IPj, Also, SB variation was more prominent on left hand compared to right hand in 2nd, 4thand 5th MCPj and 1st IPj. Conclusions:No significant correlation between the gender and laterality with presence or absence of SB in the hands were noted.
{"title":"Prevalence and Variations of Sesamoid Bones in the Hands of Patients Visiting Teaching Hospital of Kaski District: A Retrospective Study","authors":"Sushma Singh, Pujan Sharma, B. Sharma, Kanchan Kumari Barnawal","doi":"10.3126/jcmsn.v19i4.60058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v19i4.60058","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Sesamoids are small, well-corticated, ovoid or nodular, may be bipartite ormultipartite bones/ossifications found close to a bone or a joint that are subject to significant morphological variations. Although it is difficult to determine the symptomatic nature of these bones, imaging provides important diagnostic information. The objective of this study is to assess the prevalence and variations of sesamoid bone in hands of patients visiting a teaching hospital of Kaski district. Methods: A hospital based retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted by analyzing X-rays of hand with Anteroposterior (AP) view, a total of 150 both male and female patients between the age group of 18 to 85 wereimaged between August 1, 2022 to December 30, 2022 at Department of Radiology & Imaging(X-Ray Unit). Presence of sesamoid bone of hand was noted on 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th metacarpophalangeal joints (MCPj), and the 1st interphalangeal joint (IPj), separately. The data were analyzed for correlation using Pearson’s correlation test. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Committee of Gandaki Medical College (Reference No.159/079/080). Results: The prevalence of sesamoid bone at 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th MCPj, and 1st IPj were 100 (100%), 60 (46%), 24(16%), 20(13.3%), 100(66.7%), and 114(76%) respectively. Variation was more prominent among females at 2nd, 3rdand 5th MCPj and 1st IPj, Also, SB variation was more prominent on left hand compared to right hand in 2nd, 4thand 5th MCPj and 1st IPj. Conclusions:No significant correlation between the gender and laterality with presence or absence of SB in the hands were noted.","PeriodicalId":15436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of College of Medical Sciences-nepal","volume":"79 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139132270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-31DOI: 10.3126/jcmsn.v19i4.31039
Saugat Kc, Hemant Kumar Gupta, Raj Kumar Hamal
IntroductionForearm fractures are common injuries and the approach to manage these in children is different than similar injuries in adults. Various methods of cast immobilization are done for the treatment of distal forearm fractures in children. The purpose of this study was to determine if above elbow cast (AEC) converted to below elbow cast (BEC) in three weeks are as effective as above elbow cast (AEC) in the treatment of the distal forearm fracture. Therefore, this study was conducted with the objective of evaluating and comparing the outcome of above elbow cast (AEC) with above elbow converted to below elbow cast (BEC) after three weeks for management of pediatrics distal forearm fracture. MethodsThis study was conducted in Department of Orthopedic Surgery in College of Medical Sciences-TH Bharatpur, Nepal from February 2016 to January 2017. Among sixty cases thirty were selected in AEC group and thirty in above elbow converted to below elbow cast group (AEC/BEC) by simple random sampling. All patients were followed up six months. ResultsOut of sixty patients in two groups, fifty-three made to all follow up. Twenty- eight of cases were AEC group and twenty-five were AEC/BEC group. All the cases had union at six weeks and twelve weeks follow up. There was statistically significant difference in limitation in pronation/supination. Conclusions AEC converted to BEC for six weeks is effective as AEC for six weeks in the treatment of distal third forearm fracture in children. AEC/BEC group patients have lesser degree of loss of supination/pronation movement.
{"title":"Prospective Comparative Study of Above Elbow Cast for Six Weeks Versus Above Elbow Converted to Below Elbow Cast After Three Weeks for Pediatrics Distal Forearm Fracture","authors":"Saugat Kc, Hemant Kumar Gupta, Raj Kumar Hamal","doi":"10.3126/jcmsn.v19i4.31039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v19i4.31039","url":null,"abstract":"IntroductionForearm fractures are common injuries and the approach to manage these in children is different than similar injuries in adults. Various methods of cast immobilization are done for the treatment of distal forearm fractures in children. The purpose of this study was to determine if above elbow cast (AEC) converted to below elbow cast (BEC) in three weeks are as effective as above elbow cast (AEC) in the treatment of the distal forearm fracture. Therefore, this study was conducted with the objective of evaluating and comparing the outcome of above elbow cast (AEC) with above elbow converted to below elbow cast (BEC) after three weeks for management of pediatrics distal forearm fracture. MethodsThis study was conducted in Department of Orthopedic Surgery in College of Medical Sciences-TH Bharatpur, Nepal from February 2016 to January 2017. Among sixty cases thirty were selected in AEC group and thirty in above elbow converted to below elbow cast group (AEC/BEC) by simple random sampling. All patients were followed up six months. ResultsOut of sixty patients in two groups, fifty-three made to all follow up. Twenty- eight of cases were AEC group and twenty-five were AEC/BEC group. All the cases had union at six weeks and twelve weeks follow up. There was statistically significant difference in limitation in pronation/supination. Conclusions AEC converted to BEC for six weeks is effective as AEC for six weeks in the treatment of distal third forearm fracture in children. AEC/BEC group patients have lesser degree of loss of supination/pronation movement.","PeriodicalId":15436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of College of Medical Sciences-nepal","volume":"24 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139132785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
IntroductionThe Government of Nepal's Social Health Security Scheme (SHSS) is a social protection program that strives to give its inhabitants access to high-quality medical treatment without putting a financial burden on them. As a way of achieving Universal Health Coverage, this program makes an effort to overcome obstacles to utilizing health services and assure equity and access for underprivileged and poor populations. Thus, the study aimed to assess the pattern of using health Insurance Schemes by the community people of Central Nepal. MethodsA cross-sectional, descriptive, prospective study was conducted at Jutpani Kalika Nagar Palika ward No 7. A total of 274 enrolled households were taken using a non-probability, convenient sampling technique. The sample size was calculated by using the formula(n)= z 2pq/e2. Specifically designed proforma were used to assess the pattern of utilizing health insurance schemes. The collected data was entered in SPSS version 16. Descriptive analysis and Chi-square was applied. ResultsAmong 274 enrolled households, 94.9% have utilized the Social Health Security Scheme (SHSS). Among the study participants, 60.9% had utilized SHSS for laboratory services. The majority of study participants 230(94.7%) were below the poverty line and were utilizing SHSS. The education of the head of the household and the number of earning members in the family were found significantly associated with the utilization of SHSS. Conclusions The majority of people were utilizing SHSS and they were willing to continue this program and study found that people have faith in government service.
{"title":"Health Insurance Utilization Pattern among Community People of Jutpani Kalika Municipality of Chitwan Nepal","authors":"Srijana Panthi, Suman Lohani, Alisha Manandhar, Prerna Bansal, Aayasha Shrestha, M. Prasai","doi":"10.3126/jcmsn.v19i4.58786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v19i4.58786","url":null,"abstract":"IntroductionThe Government of Nepal's Social Health Security Scheme (SHSS) is a social protection program that strives to give its inhabitants access to high-quality medical treatment without putting a financial burden on them. As a way of achieving Universal Health Coverage, this program makes an effort to overcome obstacles to utilizing health services and assure equity and access for underprivileged and poor populations. Thus, the study aimed to assess the pattern of using health Insurance Schemes by the community people of Central Nepal. MethodsA cross-sectional, descriptive, prospective study was conducted at Jutpani Kalika Nagar Palika ward No 7. A total of 274 enrolled households were taken using a non-probability, convenient sampling technique. The sample size was calculated by using the formula(n)= z 2pq/e2. Specifically designed proforma were used to assess the pattern of utilizing health insurance schemes. The collected data was entered in SPSS version 16. Descriptive analysis and Chi-square was applied. ResultsAmong 274 enrolled households, 94.9% have utilized the Social Health Security Scheme (SHSS). Among the study participants, 60.9% had utilized SHSS for laboratory services. The majority of study participants 230(94.7%) were below the poverty line and were utilizing SHSS. The education of the head of the household and the number of earning members in the family were found significantly associated with the utilization of SHSS. Conclusions The majority of people were utilizing SHSS and they were willing to continue this program and study found that people have faith in government service.","PeriodicalId":15436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of College of Medical Sciences-nepal","volume":"111 38","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139133332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-31DOI: 10.3126/jcmsn.v19i4.60204
K. Rijal, K. Koirala, B. Ghimire, Sangam Adhikari
IntroductionENT cases are very common accounting for 25-40% of all hospital patient. Subspecialty consultations are a necessary part of comprehensive medical care that provide an opportunity for interactions between doctors and the exchange of knowledge and expertise that helps in quality patient management. MethodsA descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among patients asked for consultation in the Department of ENT and Head & Neck Surgery, Manipal Teaching Hospital from March 2022 to November 2022. Diagnosis made by ENT surgeon after relevant investigations was recorded. Analysis of diagnostic accuracy by non-ENT surgeons was carried out. ResultsOut of 8019 cases seen in the department of ENT and Head & Neck Surgery from 15th March 2022 to 25th November 2022, 400 cases were asked for consultations. Consultations were more frequently asked from Internal medicine and subspeciality followed by Emergency and Pediatrics department. The most common complaint in consultation sheet was throat pain. The commonest ENT and Head & Neck Surgery diagnosis was Allergic Rhinitis, followed by Presbyacusis and Acute Tonsillitis. Two hundred and twenty cases were asked for consultations with diagnosis from the primary department, out of which 183 had correct diagnosis. Conclusions Different departments do have difficulties in identifying and addressing ENT and Head & Neck Surgery cases and there is benefit from ENT and Head & Neck Surgery consultations. Furthermore, ENT and Head & Neck Surgery consultations do have high educational value for other departments and plays a vital role in patient management.
{"title":"Analysis of Ear, Nose, Throat and Head & Neck Surgery Consultations and Diagnostic Accuracy in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Western Nepal","authors":"K. Rijal, K. Koirala, B. Ghimire, Sangam Adhikari","doi":"10.3126/jcmsn.v19i4.60204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v19i4.60204","url":null,"abstract":"IntroductionENT cases are very common accounting for 25-40% of all hospital patient. Subspecialty consultations are a necessary part of comprehensive medical care that provide an opportunity for interactions between doctors and the exchange of knowledge and expertise that helps in quality patient management. MethodsA descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among patients asked for consultation in the Department of ENT and Head & Neck Surgery, Manipal Teaching Hospital from March 2022 to November 2022. Diagnosis made by ENT surgeon after relevant investigations was recorded. Analysis of diagnostic accuracy by non-ENT surgeons was carried out. ResultsOut of 8019 cases seen in the department of ENT and Head & Neck Surgery from 15th March 2022 to 25th November 2022, 400 cases were asked for consultations. Consultations were more frequently asked from Internal medicine and subspeciality followed by Emergency and Pediatrics department. The most common complaint in consultation sheet was throat pain. The commonest ENT and Head & Neck Surgery diagnosis was Allergic Rhinitis, followed by Presbyacusis and Acute Tonsillitis. Two hundred and twenty cases were asked for consultations with diagnosis from the primary department, out of which 183 had correct diagnosis. Conclusions Different departments do have difficulties in identifying and addressing ENT and Head & Neck Surgery cases and there is benefit from ENT and Head & Neck Surgery consultations. Furthermore, ENT and Head & Neck Surgery consultations do have high educational value for other departments and plays a vital role in patient management.","PeriodicalId":15436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of College of Medical Sciences-nepal","volume":"105 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139135027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-17DOI: 10.3126/jcmsn.v19i3.58380
Hemant Kumar Gupta, Suman Lamichhane
IntroductionFloating knee injuries are one of the rare injuries of the lower limb involving fracture of ipsilateral femur and tibia. These injuries are often associated with other systemic injuries and have higher incidence of morbidity and mortality. Often times these fractures can pose difficulty in achieving union and might have residual stiffness around the knee. This study was carried out to assess the functional and radiological outcome of surgical management of floating knee injuries and the associated complications.MethodsA hospital based prospective study including 34 cases of surgically managed floating knee injuries over a period between January, 2017 and December, 2019 with the mean follow-up duration of 15 months was performed. The final outcome was evaluated on the basis of Karlstorm and Orelud criteria.ResultsFinal analysis was done based on the Karlstorm and Orelud criteria after the bony union was achieved. Based on the Karlstorm and Orelud criteria, 44.11% cases had excellent outcome, 29.41% cases had good outcome, 14.7% cases had a fair outcome and 11.76% cases had a poor outcome.ConclusionsFloating knee injuries are severe injuries often associated with polytrauma. Operative management in these complex injuries can yield favorable functional outcome with fewer complications.
{"title":"Outcome of Surgical Management of Ipsilateral Femur and Tibia Fracture: The Floating Knee Injury","authors":"Hemant Kumar Gupta, Suman Lamichhane","doi":"10.3126/jcmsn.v19i3.58380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v19i3.58380","url":null,"abstract":"IntroductionFloating knee injuries are one of the rare injuries of the lower limb involving fracture of ipsilateral femur and tibia. These injuries are often associated with other systemic injuries and have higher incidence of morbidity and mortality. Often times these fractures can pose difficulty in achieving union and might have residual stiffness around the knee. This study was carried out to assess the functional and radiological outcome of surgical management of floating knee injuries and the associated complications.MethodsA hospital based prospective study including 34 cases of surgically managed floating knee injuries over a period between January, 2017 and December, 2019 with the mean follow-up duration of 15 months was performed. The final outcome was evaluated on the basis of Karlstorm and Orelud criteria.ResultsFinal analysis was done based on the Karlstorm and Orelud criteria after the bony union was achieved. Based on the Karlstorm and Orelud criteria, 44.11% cases had excellent outcome, 29.41% cases had good outcome, 14.7% cases had a fair outcome and 11.76% cases had a poor outcome.ConclusionsFloating knee injuries are severe injuries often associated with polytrauma. Operative management in these complex injuries can yield favorable functional outcome with fewer complications.","PeriodicalId":15436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of College of Medical Sciences-nepal","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136034519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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