IntroductionOvarian masses include both neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions. Fortunately, though most ovarian masses in adolescents are benign, about 10% turn out to be malignant. Thus, ovarian tumours constitute an important part of paediatric oncology and often create diagnostic dilemmas. The present study aimed to calculate the frequency and clinicopathological patterns of ovarian masses in adolescent and young females and briefly discuss and compare with the existing literature.MethodsThis was a retrospective study conducted at the Department of Pathology of a tertiary care hospital in West Bengal, India. All tissue samples of ovarian masses received in the Pathology department between 10 to 20 years of age group over 6 years (January 2016-December 2021) were included in this study. We evaluated the clinicopathological parameters of the cases. The statistical analysis was performed using Epi Info 7 software.ResultsA total of 53 cases were included in present study of the defined age group over 6 years (January 2016 – December 2021), of which 2 had bilateral lesions, so a total of 55 ovarian masses were studied. Of 55 ovarian masses, 50 (90.9%) were benign tumours or non-neoplastic lesions and 5 ovarian masses (9.1%) were malignant. Mature cystic teratoma was the most common type of tumour in this age group.ConclusionsOvarian masses in perimenarchal and young adults show diversity in the histological spectrum. Although most are benign, early diagnosis preserves fertility in this tender age group.
卵巢肿块包括肿瘤和非肿瘤病变。幸运的是，虽然大多数青少年卵巢肿块是良性的，但大约10%是恶性的。因此，卵巢肿瘤构成儿科肿瘤学的重要组成部分，并经常造成诊断困境。本研究旨在计算青春期和年轻女性卵巢肿块的频率和临床病理模式，并与现有文献进行简要讨论和比较。方法回顾性研究在印度西孟加拉邦一家三级医院的病理科进行。所有在病理科收到的6年以上(2016年1月- 2021年12月)10 - 20岁年龄组的卵巢肿块组织样本均纳入本研究。我们评估了病例的临床病理参数。采用Epi Info 7软件进行统计分析。结果本研究纳入限定年龄6岁(2016年1月- 2021年12月)共53例，其中双侧病变2例，共研究卵巢肿块55例。55例卵巢肿块中，良性肿瘤或非肿瘤性病变50例(90.9%)，恶性肿块5例(9.1%)。成熟囊性畸胎瘤是该年龄组最常见的肿瘤类型。结论当期和青壮年卵巢肿物的组织学表现出多样性。尽管大多数是良性的，早期诊断保留了这个幼小年龄组的生育能力。
{"title":"Clinicopathological Study of Ovarian Masses in Adolescent Girls and Young Women in a Tertiary Care Hospital","authors":"Soumya Kundu, Aditi Bhattacharyya, Sumit Nandy, Pamela Nayak, Arpita Bala","doi":"10.3126/jcmsn.v19i3.45060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v19i3.45060","url":null,"abstract":"IntroductionOvarian masses include both neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions. Fortunately, though most ovarian masses in adolescents are benign, about 10% turn out to be malignant. Thus, ovarian tumours constitute an important part of paediatric oncology and often create diagnostic dilemmas. The present study aimed to calculate the frequency and clinicopathological patterns of ovarian masses in adolescent and young females and briefly discuss and compare with the existing literature.MethodsThis was a retrospective study conducted at the Department of Pathology of a tertiary care hospital in West Bengal, India. All tissue samples of ovarian masses received in the Pathology department between 10 to 20 years of age group over 6 years (January 2016-December 2021) were included in this study. We evaluated the clinicopathological parameters of the cases. The statistical analysis was performed using Epi Info 7 software.ResultsA total of 53 cases were included in present study of the defined age group over 6 years (January 2016 – December 2021), of which 2 had bilateral lesions, so a total of 55 ovarian masses were studied. Of 55 ovarian masses, 50 (90.9%) were benign tumours or non-neoplastic lesions and 5 ovarian masses (9.1%) were malignant. Mature cystic teratoma was the most common type of tumour in this age group.ConclusionsOvarian masses in perimenarchal and young adults show diversity in the histological spectrum. Although most are benign, early diagnosis preserves fertility in this tender age group.","PeriodicalId":15436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of College of Medical Sciences-nepal","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136038229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-17DOI: 10.3126/jcmsn.v19i3.56629
Shree Prasad Adhikari
IntroductionA transverse vaginal septum develops when the canalization of the vaginal plate fails at the intersection of the mullerian duct and the urogenital sinus and It is a rare genital abnormalities in women, with an estimated incidence of 1/70,000 females. Patient with transverse vaginal septum may present with primary amenorrhea, cyclical abdominal pain, haematocolpos, haematometra and infertility. Women with perforated septa may menstruate but have trouble during intercourse. The diagnosis is typically made by a clinical examination together with ultrasound and MRI used for confirmation. We report a case of 24 years female presented with infertility for 5 years diagnosed with perforated transverse vaginal septum managed with resection of septum by hysteroscopy and laparoscopy.
{"title":"Perforated Transverse Vaginal Septum with Primary Infertility: A Case Report","authors":"Shree Prasad Adhikari","doi":"10.3126/jcmsn.v19i3.56629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v19i3.56629","url":null,"abstract":"IntroductionA transverse vaginal septum develops when the canalization of the vaginal plate fails at the intersection of the mullerian duct and the urogenital sinus and It is a rare genital abnormalities in women, with an estimated incidence of 1/70,000 females. Patient with transverse vaginal septum may present with primary amenorrhea, cyclical abdominal pain, haematocolpos, haematometra and infertility. Women with perforated septa may menstruate but have trouble during intercourse. The diagnosis is typically made by a clinical examination together with ultrasound and MRI used for confirmation. We report a case of 24 years female presented with infertility for 5 years diagnosed with perforated transverse vaginal septum managed with resection of septum by hysteroscopy and laparoscopy.","PeriodicalId":15436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of College of Medical Sciences-nepal","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136033848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-17DOI: 10.3126/jcmsn.v19i3.58591
Jiwan Kumar Poudyal, Trishna Sharma, Sumitra Parajuli, Hari Prasad Upadhyay
IntroductionBasic school health services (BSHS) provided by the school nurse have the potential to significantly reduce the prevalent preventable health issues at school community. The objective of this study was to assess the of students on basic school health services in relation to school health nurse program. To assess the Students Knowledge and Practices on basic school health services in relation to school health nurse programMethodsAn analytical cross-sectional study conducted among 313 students on basic school health services in schools with and without implementation of school health nurse program using a non-probability purposive sampling technique. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire and an observation check list, and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.ResultsThere is statistically significant difference in mean score of knowledge among students with School Health Nurse Program (SHNP) and not having school health nurse program. The practice of basic school health was significant association on how at comfort students felt when dealing with health issues (p<0.001), providing first aid and emergency care (p<0.001), conducting screening programs (p<0.001), distribution of free iron and deworming tablets (p<0.001), and engaging in physical activity (p<0.001).ConclusionsImplementation of school health nurse program has positive impact on basic school health program in schools. Students' knowledge and practice regarding school health services found higher in SHNP-implemented schools than in SHNP-non-implemented schools. Thus, study suggest that the basic school health program's implementation in schools is influenced by the school health nurse program.
{"title":"Student’s Knowledge and Practices on Basic School Health Services in Relation to School Health Nurse Program","authors":"Jiwan Kumar Poudyal, Trishna Sharma, Sumitra Parajuli, Hari Prasad Upadhyay","doi":"10.3126/jcmsn.v19i3.58591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v19i3.58591","url":null,"abstract":"IntroductionBasic school health services (BSHS) provided by the school nurse have the potential to significantly reduce the prevalent preventable health issues at school community. The objective of this study was to assess the of students on basic school health services in relation to school health nurse program. To assess the Students Knowledge and Practices on basic school health services in relation to school health nurse programMethodsAn analytical cross-sectional study conducted among 313 students on basic school health services in schools with and without implementation of school health nurse program using a non-probability purposive sampling technique. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire and an observation check list, and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.ResultsThere is statistically significant difference in mean score of knowledge among students with School Health Nurse Program (SHNP) and not having school health nurse program. The practice of basic school health was significant association on how at comfort students felt when dealing with health issues (p<0.001), providing first aid and emergency care (p<0.001), conducting screening programs (p<0.001), distribution of free iron and deworming tablets (p<0.001), and engaging in physical activity (p<0.001).ConclusionsImplementation of school health nurse program has positive impact on basic school health program in schools. Students' knowledge and practice regarding school health services found higher in SHNP-implemented schools than in SHNP-non-implemented schools. Thus, study suggest that the basic school health program's implementation in schools is influenced by the school health nurse program.","PeriodicalId":15436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of College of Medical Sciences-nepal","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136038224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-17DOI: 10.3126/jcmsn.v19i3.55739
Dilip Sah, Heera KC, Sweta Shah, Rabin Rai
IntroductionChronic kidney disease is a public health problem affecting millions of people worldwide. Hemodialysis is a life-saving renal replacement therapy for patients with chronic kidney disease(CKD), but it is not without risks. Intradialytic complications, which occur during hemodialysis sessions, can have a significant impact on patients' well-being, treatment outcomes, and overall quality of life. This article aims to identify the intradialytic complications and its associated factors in patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis in a tertiary hospital of eastern Nepal.MethodsAn observational cross-sectional study design was employed among 72 patients receiving hemodialysis treatment at Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital from 28 January to 20 May 2023. Total enumeration sampling technique with a structured questionnaire via interview and observation technique was used for data collection. Collected data was entered in Microsoft Excel sheet and transferred to SPSS version 17. Frequency, mean, range, and standard deviation was calculated. Chi square test was used to determine the association. P-value <0.05 was consideredstatistically significant.ResultsAll patients undergoing hemodialysis experienced at least one intradialytic complication. The most common complications reported were nausea/vomiting 59(81.9%) and chills/rigor 57(79.2%). Hypoglycemia was observed in 23.6% of patients, hyperglycemia in 12.5%, hypotension in 8.3%, and arrhythmia in 2 patients.ConclusionsIntradialytic complications are common among chronic kidney disease patients undergoing hemodialysis.The associations between age, dialysis frequency, preexisting diabetes, hypertension, and specific complications emphasize the need for individualized care and tailored interventions.
慢性肾脏疾病是影响全世界数百万人的公共卫生问题。对于慢性肾脏疾病(CKD)患者来说，血液透析是一种挽救生命的肾脏替代疗法，但它并非没有风险。在血液透析过程中发生的透析内并发症可对患者的健康、治疗结果和整体生活质量产生重大影响。本文旨在确定在尼泊尔东部一家三级医院接受血液透析的慢性肾病患者的透析并发症及其相关因素。方法对2023年1月28日至5月20日在Birat医学院教学医院接受血液透析治疗的72例患者采用观察性横断面研究设计。数据收集采用全枚举抽样技术，采用结构化问卷调查法和观察法。收集到的数据在Microsoft Excel表格中输入，并转移到SPSS version 17中。计算频率、平均值、极差和标准差。采用卡方检验确定相关性。p值<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。结果所有血液透析患者均出现至少一种透析并发症。最常见的并发症是恶心/呕吐59例(81.9%)和寒战/僵硬57例(79.2%)。低血糖23.6%，高血糖12.5%，低血压8.3%，心律失常2例。结论慢性肾脏病血液透析患者中传统透析并发症较为常见。年龄、透析频率、既往糖尿病、高血压和特定并发症之间的关联强调了个性化护理和量身定制干预措施的必要性。
{"title":"Intradialytic Complications and its Associated Factors Among Chronic Kidney Disease Patients in a Tertiary hospital","authors":"Dilip Sah, Heera KC, Sweta Shah, Rabin Rai","doi":"10.3126/jcmsn.v19i3.55739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v19i3.55739","url":null,"abstract":"IntroductionChronic kidney disease is a public health problem affecting millions of people worldwide. Hemodialysis is a life-saving renal replacement therapy for patients with chronic kidney disease(CKD), but it is not without risks. Intradialytic complications, which occur during hemodialysis sessions, can have a significant impact on patients' well-being, treatment outcomes, and overall quality of life. This article aims to identify the intradialytic complications and its associated factors in patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis in a tertiary hospital of eastern Nepal.MethodsAn observational cross-sectional study design was employed among 72 patients receiving hemodialysis treatment at Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital from 28 January to 20 May 2023. Total enumeration sampling technique with a structured questionnaire via interview and observation technique was used for data collection. Collected data was entered in Microsoft Excel sheet and transferred to SPSS version 17. Frequency, mean, range, and standard deviation was calculated. Chi square test was used to determine the association. P-value <0.05 was consideredstatistically significant.ResultsAll patients undergoing hemodialysis experienced at least one intradialytic complication. The most common complications reported were nausea/vomiting 59(81.9%) and chills/rigor 57(79.2%). Hypoglycemia was observed in 23.6% of patients, hyperglycemia in 12.5%, hypotension in 8.3%, and arrhythmia in 2 patients.ConclusionsIntradialytic complications are common among chronic kidney disease patients undergoing hemodialysis.The associations between age, dialysis frequency, preexisting diabetes, hypertension, and specific complications emphasize the need for individualized care and tailored interventions.","PeriodicalId":15436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of College of Medical Sciences-nepal","volume":"79 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136038371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-17DOI: 10.3126/jcmsn.v19i3.58410
Manoj Shrestha, Bibek Luitel
IntroductionProbability of sudden cardiac death is more in patient with atrial fibrillation than those without this condition. CHA2DS2-VASc score can be useful to predict the likelihood of sudden cardiac death among the patients with atrial fibrillation. The current study aims to evaluate the diagnostic value of the CHA2DS2-VASC score in anticipating sudden cardiac death among admitted patients with atrial fibrillation.MethodsThe study was conducted for three months i.e. from 16th May 2023 till 17th August 2023. In this research 150 patients fulfilling inclusion criteria were taken. Patient details, ECG features and risk factors were evaluated. CHA2DS2-VASc score was determined and the findings were analyzed statistically.ResultsThe study population constituted 60% males and 40% female with mean age of 58.9±10.99. The mean CHA2DS2-VASc score was 3.2±2.8. 25.3% of patients with atrial fibrillation had sudden cardiac death. For prediction of sudden cardiac death, CHA2DS2-VASc score had a sensitivity of 78.3%, specificity of 82.3%, positive predictive value of 59.1%, negative predictive value 92% and a diagnostic accuracy of 81.3% for predicting risk of sudden cardiac death.ConclusionsThe diagnostic accuracy of the CHA2DS2-VASc score was 81.3% among patients having atrial fibrillation for predicting sudden cardiac death, making it an effective predictor.
{"title":"Risk Assessment of Sudden Cardiac Death in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation Using CHA2DS2-VASc score","authors":"Manoj Shrestha, Bibek Luitel","doi":"10.3126/jcmsn.v19i3.58410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v19i3.58410","url":null,"abstract":"IntroductionProbability of sudden cardiac death is more in patient with atrial fibrillation than those without this condition. CHA2DS2-VASc score can be useful to predict the likelihood of sudden cardiac death among the patients with atrial fibrillation. The current study aims to evaluate the diagnostic value of the CHA2DS2-VASC score in anticipating sudden cardiac death among admitted patients with atrial fibrillation.MethodsThe study was conducted for three months i.e. from 16th May 2023 till 17th August 2023. In this research 150 patients fulfilling inclusion criteria were taken. Patient details, ECG features and risk factors were evaluated. CHA2DS2-VASc score was determined and the findings were analyzed statistically.ResultsThe study population constituted 60% males and 40% female with mean age of 58.9±10.99. The mean CHA2DS2-VASc score was 3.2±2.8. 25.3% of patients with atrial fibrillation had sudden cardiac death. For prediction of sudden cardiac death, CHA2DS2-VASc score had a sensitivity of 78.3%, specificity of 82.3%, positive predictive value of 59.1%, negative predictive value 92% and a diagnostic accuracy of 81.3% for predicting risk of sudden cardiac death.ConclusionsThe diagnostic accuracy of the CHA2DS2-VASc score was 81.3% among patients having atrial fibrillation for predicting sudden cardiac death, making it an effective predictor.","PeriodicalId":15436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of College of Medical Sciences-nepal","volume":"225 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136034365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
IntroductionA high frenal attachment can cause diastema, distend the gingival sulcus, increasing plaque accumulation, gingival recession, bone loss, poor lip mobility while smiling and speaking, along with speech and esthetic issues. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of maxillary labial frenum and its’ variations among patients visiting a tertiary care hospital.MethodsThis analytical cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2022 to March 2023 among 385 patients. The demographic details of the participants were recorded and the types of frenal attachment and its’ morphological variations were assessed using the classification by Mirko et al. and Sewerin. Pearson Chi-square test was used to determine the association between categorical variables where p-value ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsThe most prevalent frenum was found to be gingival 237(61.56%) while the least common was papillary penetrating type 29(7.53%). Only 85(22.08%) frenum showed morphological variations where, commonest variation was frenum with nodule 51(13.25%) followed by frenum with appendix 27(7.01%). The gingival frenal attachment was found to be more among younger patients while papillary and papillary frenal attachment were seen lesser among older individuals.ConclusionsGingival type was the commonest frenal attachment followed by mucosal, papillary and then papillary penetrating frenum in all the age groups and both sexes. Around three-fourth of the participants showed no variations in frenal morphologies.
{"title":"Prevalence and Variations of Maxillary Labial Frenal Attachment among the Patients in a Tertiary Health Care Center: An Analytical Cross-sectional Study","authors":"Rebicca Ranjit, Soni Bista, Suraksha Subedi, Pratik Manandhar, Narayan Sharma Lamichhane","doi":"10.3126/jcmsn.v19i3.58462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v19i3.58462","url":null,"abstract":"IntroductionA high frenal attachment can cause diastema, distend the gingival sulcus, increasing plaque accumulation, gingival recession, bone loss, poor lip mobility while smiling and speaking, along with speech and esthetic issues. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of maxillary labial frenum and its’ variations among patients visiting a tertiary care hospital.MethodsThis analytical cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2022 to March 2023 among 385 patients. The demographic details of the participants were recorded and the types of frenal attachment and its’ morphological variations were assessed using the classification by Mirko et al. and Sewerin. Pearson Chi-square test was used to determine the association between categorical variables where p-value ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsThe most prevalent frenum was found to be gingival 237(61.56%) while the least common was papillary penetrating type 29(7.53%). Only 85(22.08%) frenum showed morphological variations where, commonest variation was frenum with nodule 51(13.25%) followed by frenum with appendix 27(7.01%). The gingival frenal attachment was found to be more among younger patients while papillary and papillary frenal attachment were seen lesser among older individuals.ConclusionsGingival type was the commonest frenal attachment followed by mucosal, papillary and then papillary penetrating frenum in all the age groups and both sexes. Around three-fourth of the participants showed no variations in frenal morphologies.","PeriodicalId":15436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of College of Medical Sciences-nepal","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136034520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
IntroductionThalassemia is a prevalent hereditary hematological disorder that is characterized by a reduction or absence of globin chain synthesis. The objective of this study is to determine the clinical profile of children with thalassemia who undergo repeated packed cell transfusions.MethodsA prospective cross-sectional observational study was conducted from January 1, 2023, to May 31, 2023, in the Pediatric ward at Bharatpur Hospital. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Institutional Review Committee of Bharatpur Hospital (Ref: 078/79-018). A total of 53 cases of Thalassemia, who were receiving regular blood transfusions, were included in this study.ResultsThe prevalence of thalassemia was 3.68% (with 95% CI 2.7% to 4.65%). The average age at diagnosis was 15.58 months, with a range of 2 to 97 months. The majority of cases, 32 (60.37%), were diagnosed before the age of one year, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.2:1. Thalassemia was more prevalent in the Tharu community (58.5%) compared to other communities. ConclusionsThalassemia is a hematological disorder that predominantly affects the Tharu community. Common clinical manifestations of transfusion-dependent thalassemia in children include pallor, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, and facial deformities. Therefore, it is imperative to monitor serum ferritin levels to detect iron overload early and initiate chelation therapy promptly to prevent complications. Such measures can significantly improve the quality of life of affected individuals and reduce the burden of this genetic disorder on affected communities.
{"title":"Clinical Profile of Children with Thalassemia Admitted for Blood Transfusion at a Tertiary Health Care Center","authors":"Damodar Tiwari, Sweta Kumari Gupta, Narayan Bahadur Thapa, Kiran Devkota","doi":"10.3126/jcmsn.v19i3.56520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v19i3.56520","url":null,"abstract":"IntroductionThalassemia is a prevalent hereditary hematological disorder that is characterized by a reduction or absence of globin chain synthesis. The objective of this study is to determine the clinical profile of children with thalassemia who undergo repeated packed cell transfusions.MethodsA prospective cross-sectional observational study was conducted from January 1, 2023, to May 31, 2023, in the Pediatric ward at Bharatpur Hospital. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Institutional Review Committee of Bharatpur Hospital (Ref: 078/79-018). A total of 53 cases of Thalassemia, who were receiving regular blood transfusions, were included in this study.ResultsThe prevalence of thalassemia was 3.68% (with 95% CI 2.7% to 4.65%). The average age at diagnosis was 15.58 months, with a range of 2 to 97 months. The majority of cases, 32 (60.37%), were diagnosed before the age of one year, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.2:1. Thalassemia was more prevalent in the Tharu community (58.5%) compared to other communities. ConclusionsThalassemia is a hematological disorder that predominantly affects the Tharu community. Common clinical manifestations of transfusion-dependent thalassemia in children include pallor, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, and facial deformities. Therefore, it is imperative to monitor serum ferritin levels to detect iron overload early and initiate chelation therapy promptly to prevent complications. Such measures can significantly improve the quality of life of affected individuals and reduce the burden of this genetic disorder on affected communities.","PeriodicalId":15436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of College of Medical Sciences-nepal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136038094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-17DOI: 10.3126/jcmsn.v19i3.49866
Priyanka Shah, Sanskriti Khanal
IntroductionDermatoglyphics is the study of the intricate dermal ridge patterns on the skin covering the palmar and plantar surfaces of hand and feet. The basis of considering dermatoglyphic patterns as genetic marker for dental caries is that the epithelium of finger buds as well as enamel has ectodermal origin, and both develop at the same time of intrauterine life.MethodsThis study was conducted to examine the relationship ofdermatoglyphics with dental caries among 310 childrenaged 2-6 year old in a private dental hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal. The prevalence of caries was recorded using “Dentition status and treatment needs” (WHO basic oral health assessment form, 1997). They were divided into three groups as follows: Group I (dmft score =0–2), Group II (dmft score = 3–4) and Group III (dmft score ≥5). Black duplicating ink was used to record finger prints (both right and left hand) of all the subjects .The frequency of occurrence of type of dermatoglyphic pattern on fingertip of each digit was noted.ResultsNo statistically significant association was seen between dermatoglyphic pattern and dental caries in right hand. Statistically significant association was seen between dermatoglyphic pattern and dental caries in 3rd digit of left hand (P-value <0.05).ConclusionsDermatoglyphics serves as a diagnostic tool in predicting dental caries at an early age and hence preventive treatment strategies can be planned.
{"title":"Relationship of Dermatoglyphics with Dental Caries among Pre-School Children- A Hospital Based Study","authors":"Priyanka Shah, Sanskriti Khanal","doi":"10.3126/jcmsn.v19i3.49866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v19i3.49866","url":null,"abstract":"IntroductionDermatoglyphics is the study of the intricate dermal ridge patterns on the skin covering the palmar and plantar surfaces of hand and feet. The basis of considering dermatoglyphic patterns as genetic marker for dental caries is that the epithelium of finger buds as well as enamel has ectodermal origin, and both develop at the same time of intrauterine life.MethodsThis study was conducted to examine the relationship ofdermatoglyphics with dental caries among 310 childrenaged 2-6 year old in a private dental hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal. The prevalence of caries was recorded using “Dentition status and treatment needs” (WHO basic oral health assessment form, 1997). They were divided into three groups as follows: Group I (dmft score =0–2), Group II (dmft score = 3–4) and Group III (dmft score ≥5). Black duplicating ink was used to record finger prints (both right and left hand) of all the subjects .The frequency of occurrence of type of dermatoglyphic pattern on fingertip of each digit was noted.ResultsNo statistically significant association was seen between dermatoglyphic pattern and dental caries in right hand. Statistically significant association was seen between dermatoglyphic pattern and dental caries in 3rd digit of left hand (P-value <0.05).ConclusionsDermatoglyphics serves as a diagnostic tool in predicting dental caries at an early age and hence preventive treatment strategies can be planned.","PeriodicalId":15436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of College of Medical Sciences-nepal","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136038235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.3126/jcmsn.v19i2.52514
Kamal Raj Baral, Saurabh Koirala, Abhishek Kharel, Hari Prasad Upadhyay, Prerna Bansal
Background:
Early exposure to medical research during undergraduate studies helps to establish a solid medical education by enhancing students' understanding and knowledge of the subject. This exposure also provides valuable experience with evidence-based medicine, which is crucial for success in the medical field. The objective of this study is to assess the knowledge, attitude, practice, and barriers toward research among undergraduate medical students.
Methods:
An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted among undergraduate medical students. Data was collected using a self-structured questionnaire using stratified random sampling. Data was entered and analyzed by using SPSS-20. p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results:
The study found that 70.6% of students had good knowledge and 44.9% of students had a good attitude toward research. The good attitude was highest among interns (73.70%) followed by first-year students (60%). The study showed that 28.9% had participated in at least one workshop on research methodology, lab research, or any other similar workshops. Barriers faced by students were lack of time due to the demanding nature of the MBBS curriculum, lack of opportunity to conduct research, lack of funding for research, and difficulty in patient follow-up.
Conclusion:
The students had good research knowledge, with decreasing attitude toward research from first to final year but highest among interns. Research practice among students is low. Barriers faced by students were lack of time, awareness, opportunity; funding, and difficulty in patient follow-up.
{"title":"Knowledge, Attitude, Practice and Barriers Toward Research Among Undergraduate Medical Students","authors":"Kamal Raj Baral, Saurabh Koirala, Abhishek Kharel, Hari Prasad Upadhyay, Prerna Bansal","doi":"10.3126/jcmsn.v19i2.52514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v19i2.52514","url":null,"abstract":"Background: 
 Early exposure to medical research during undergraduate studies helps to establish a solid medical education by enhancing students' understanding and knowledge of the subject. This exposure also provides valuable experience with evidence-based medicine, which is crucial for success in the medical field. The objective of this study is to assess the knowledge, attitude, practice, and barriers toward research among undergraduate medical students.
 
 Methods:
 An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted among undergraduate medical students. Data was collected using a self-structured questionnaire using stratified random sampling. Data was entered and analyzed by using SPSS-20. p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
 
 Results:
 The study found that 70.6% of students had good knowledge and 44.9% of students had a good attitude toward research. The good attitude was highest among interns (73.70%) followed by first-year students (60%). The study showed that 28.9% had participated in at least one workshop on research methodology, lab research, or any other similar workshops. Barriers faced by students were lack of time due to the demanding nature of the MBBS curriculum, lack of opportunity to conduct research, lack of funding for research, and difficulty in patient follow-up.
 
 Conclusion:
 The students had good research knowledge, with decreasing attitude toward research from first to final year but highest among interns. Research practice among students is low. Barriers faced by students were lack of time, awareness, opportunity; funding, and difficulty in patient follow-up.","PeriodicalId":15436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of College of Medical Sciences-nepal","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136369166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: In providing general anesthesia for ambulatory surgery, the goal is to achieve optimal surgical conditions while ensuring a rapid early recovery without side effects. Desflurane and sevoflurane are proven as effective ambulatory inhalational anesthetic agents. The aim of this research is to investigate and compared the hemodynamic stability, postoperative outcome and airway responses in elective ambulatory surgeries in patients receiving anesthesia with desflurane or sevoflurane using I-Gel supraglottic airway.Methods: A prospective, observational study was conducted involving 60 patients of age 18 – 50 years undergoing ambulatory surgeries under general anesthesia, randomly allocated into 2 equal groups receiving desflurane (Group D) or sevoflurane (Group S) for maintenance of anesthesia with suitable size I-Gel. Patients were monitored for hemodynamic parameters and postoperative recovery profile using fast track criteria (FTC) score at different time intervals. Pearson’s Chi Square test and Mann- Whitney U test were used for statistical analysis.Results: The mean time taken for postoperative recovery characteristics were significantly lower in Group D than Group S (p<0.001).The FTC score was significantly higher (p<0.001) in Group D than Group S at all-time intervals for 30 minutes. The requirement of additional analgesics was 46.7% in Group D and 60% in Group S (p>0.301) and that of antiemetic was 30% in Group D and 26.67% in Group S (p>0.774).Conclusions: Desflurane showed superior postoperative recovery characteristics and better FTC score without any increase in adverse airway events than sevoflurane.
{"title":"Comparative Study on Postoperative Recovery Profiles of Desflurane and Sevoflurane Using I-GEL in Elective Ambulatory Surgeries","authors":"Suprotik Paul, Mousumi Saikia, Sushil Kumar Nayak, Swarup Dutta, Chaitali Biswas","doi":"10.3126/jcmsn.v19i2.48661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v19i2.48661","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: In providing general anesthesia for ambulatory surgery, the goal is to achieve optimal surgical conditions while ensuring a rapid early recovery without side effects. Desflurane and sevoflurane are proven as effective ambulatory inhalational anesthetic agents. The aim of this research is to investigate and compared the hemodynamic stability, postoperative outcome and airway responses in elective ambulatory surgeries in patients receiving anesthesia with desflurane or sevoflurane using I-Gel supraglottic airway.Methods: A prospective, observational study was conducted involving 60 patients of age 18 – 50 years undergoing ambulatory surgeries under general anesthesia, randomly allocated into 2 equal groups receiving desflurane (Group D) or sevoflurane (Group S) for maintenance of anesthesia with suitable size I-Gel. Patients were monitored for hemodynamic parameters and postoperative recovery profile using fast track criteria (FTC) score at different time intervals. Pearson’s Chi Square test and Mann- Whitney U test were used for statistical analysis.Results: The mean time taken for postoperative recovery characteristics were significantly lower in Group D than Group S (p<0.001).The FTC score was significantly higher (p<0.001) in Group D than Group S at all-time intervals for 30 minutes. The requirement of additional analgesics was 46.7% in Group D and 60% in Group S (p>0.301) and that of antiemetic was 30% in Group D and 26.67% in Group S (p>0.774).Conclusions: Desflurane showed superior postoperative recovery characteristics and better FTC score without any increase in adverse airway events than sevoflurane.","PeriodicalId":15436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of College of Medical Sciences-nepal","volume":"139 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136369296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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