Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.3126/jcmsn.v19i2.54420
Sirjana Shrestha
IntroductionAcquired immunodeficiency syndrome is a chronic, potentially life-threatening condition caused by the human immunodeficiency virus in which progressive failure of immune system allows life threatening opportunistic infection and cancer to thrive. Post exposure prophylaxis is preventive medical treatment recommended immediately after exposure to a pathogen. The objective of this research is to assess the level of knowledge regarding PEP of HIV among nurses.MethodsAn analytical cross sectional study was conducted among 164 nurses to assess the knowledge regarding PEP of HIV among nurses at the College of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital, Bharatpur. Data was collected using probability random sampling using self-structured questionnaire. Data was entered and analyzed using in statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 23 using descriptive and inferential statistical tools.ResultsAmong the 164 nurses, more than half (56.1%) were in the age 20-25years and had completed their PCL Nursing. Likewise, 35.4% had 2-4 years of experience. Also, 55.5% had a moderate level of knowledge, 18.9% had an inadequate level and 25.6% had adequate knowledge of PEP of HIV. The result of mean ± SD of knowledge was 11.18±3.125. There is statistically significant association between levels of knowledge with working area and total working experience.ConclusionsThe study shows that only 25.6% had adequate knowledge regarding PEP of HIV. Therefore, nurses should be up to date with their knowledge; engage in workshop and training programs periodically.
{"title":"Knowledge of Nurses towards Post-exposure Prophylaxis for HIV infection at a Tertiary Health Care Center","authors":"Sirjana Shrestha","doi":"10.3126/jcmsn.v19i2.54420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v19i2.54420","url":null,"abstract":"IntroductionAcquired immunodeficiency syndrome is a chronic, potentially life-threatening condition caused by the human immunodeficiency virus in which progressive failure of immune system allows life threatening opportunistic infection and cancer to thrive. Post exposure prophylaxis is preventive medical treatment recommended immediately after exposure to a pathogen. The objective of this research is to assess the level of knowledge regarding PEP of HIV among nurses.MethodsAn analytical cross sectional study was conducted among 164 nurses to assess the knowledge regarding PEP of HIV among nurses at the College of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital, Bharatpur. Data was collected using probability random sampling using self-structured questionnaire. Data was entered and analyzed using in statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 23 using descriptive and inferential statistical tools.ResultsAmong the 164 nurses, more than half (56.1%) were in the age 20-25years and had completed their PCL Nursing. Likewise, 35.4% had 2-4 years of experience. Also, 55.5% had a moderate level of knowledge, 18.9% had an inadequate level and 25.6% had adequate knowledge of PEP of HIV. The result of mean ± SD of knowledge was 11.18±3.125. There is statistically significant association between levels of knowledge with working area and total working experience.ConclusionsThe study shows that only 25.6% had adequate knowledge regarding PEP of HIV. Therefore, nurses should be up to date with their knowledge; engage in workshop and training programs periodically.","PeriodicalId":15436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of College of Medical Sciences-nepal","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136369299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Medical and dental students are subjected to high level of stress whether academic, social or health related. Stress in manifested as fatigue, tension, dizziness, inability to fall asleep, irritation, anxiety, suicidal thoughts thereby degrading their quality of life. Therefore, this study was conducted with an objective of assessing perceived stress, stressors and the severity of the stressors. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 272 medical and dental students of College of Medical Sciences. Perceived Stress Score (PSS) scale with 10 items questions was used for identifying perceived stress. 32 potential stressors whose severity was rated using Likert scale using score 1 for never/rarely, score 2 for sometimes and score 3 for often/always was used. Ethical clearance was obtained from College of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital - Institutional Review Committee.Results: Using mean of PSS score, it was found that 74.26% of the students were stressed. Statistically significant difference was found between gender and stress score. The most frequently occurring academic stressors was reported to be performance in examination (37.9%). Similarly, the most commonly occurring psycho-social stressors was found to be relation with opposite sex (44.5%) which covered the greatest percentage among all stressors.Conclusions: A large proportion of students in both dental and medical studies are experiencing stress especially on academic and psycho-social aspects. All the stressors must be addressed and students should be taught stress management techniques.
{"title":"Perceived Source of Stress and Associated Stressors among Medical and Dental Students of in a Medical College of Chitwan","authors":"Rosina Bhattarai, Anisha Pandey, Prabhas Roy, Sweta K.C","doi":"10.3126/jcmsn.v19i2.55629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v19i2.55629","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Medical and dental students are subjected to high level of stress whether academic, social or health related. Stress in manifested as fatigue, tension, dizziness, inability to fall asleep, irritation, anxiety, suicidal thoughts thereby degrading their quality of life. Therefore, this study was conducted with an objective of assessing perceived stress, stressors and the severity of the stressors. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 272 medical and dental students of College of Medical Sciences. Perceived Stress Score (PSS) scale with 10 items questions was used for identifying perceived stress. 32 potential stressors whose severity was rated using Likert scale using score 1 for never/rarely, score 2 for sometimes and score 3 for often/always was used. Ethical clearance was obtained from College of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital - Institutional Review Committee.Results: Using mean of PSS score, it was found that 74.26% of the students were stressed. Statistically significant difference was found between gender and stress score. The most frequently occurring academic stressors was reported to be performance in examination (37.9%). Similarly, the most commonly occurring psycho-social stressors was found to be relation with opposite sex (44.5%) which covered the greatest percentage among all stressors.Conclusions: A large proportion of students in both dental and medical studies are experiencing stress especially on academic and psycho-social aspects. All the stressors must be addressed and students should be taught stress management techniques.","PeriodicalId":15436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of College of Medical Sciences-nepal","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136369171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.3126/jcmsn.v19i2.23978
Hari Prasad Upadhyay, Bijay Lal Pradhan
Background: In medical research the target of researcher is to generalize the finding to the population based upon the information of sample data. This sample has to be representative of the target population, and the number of participants must be appropriate. The determination of minimum optimum sample size is extremely important not only for ethical and economic purposes but also to achieve scientifically and statistically sound results and valid conclusion.
Conclusion: Choosing the best study design and calculation of sample size are the most important tool in any research. Before you plan any type of medical research either you should have good knowledge on research methodology or you should meet to professional statistician and ask for help at the time of planning a research project to avoid methodological errors.
{"title":"Sample Size Estimation in Medical Research Based Upon Study Design","authors":"Hari Prasad Upadhyay, Bijay Lal Pradhan","doi":"10.3126/jcmsn.v19i2.23978","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v19i2.23978","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In medical research the target of researcher is to generalize the finding to the population based upon the information of sample data. This sample has to be representative of the target population, and the number of participants must be appropriate. The determination of minimum optimum sample size is extremely important not only for ethical and economic purposes but also to achieve scientifically and statistically sound results and valid conclusion.
 
 Conclusion: Choosing the best study design and calculation of sample size are the most important tool in any research. Before you plan any type of medical research either you should have good knowledge on research methodology or you should meet to professional statistician and ask for help at the time of planning a research project to avoid methodological errors.","PeriodicalId":15436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of College of Medical Sciences-nepal","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136369169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.3126/jcmsn.v19i2.55326
Sanjaya Humagain, Rajendra Prasad Koju
IntroductionDiastolic dysfunction (DD) is understood as impaired Left ventricular relaxation. Echocardiography is the key in diagnosis. In 2016 recommendation by American Society of Echocardiography(ASE) and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging (EACVI) was updated. In our country we do not have a general consensus. Diastolic dysfunction is reported on the basis of E/A ratio of mitral flow, that has the chance of missing a lot of patients with pseudo-normalization. This study carried out to look at importance of evaluation of other parameters to diagnose a patient with diastolic dysfunction.Methods: It is a retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study. Echocardiography report from the year 2018 and 2019 was collected from database and the patients with diagnosis of Diastolic dysfunction were selected. Patient profile and the echocardiographic parameter were recorded. Echocardiography was reported according to 2016 ASE and EACVI update.Results: Total of 1982 patients selected for analysis. E/A < 0.8 was seen in 702(35.4%) patients, E/A 0.8- 2.0 was seen in 1136 (57.3%) patients and E/A > 2.0 was found in 144(7.3%) patients. The most common finding being E/e’ 1470 (74.2%) of patients followed by TR velocity > 2.8m/s 1422 (71.7%), Septal e’ velocity < 7 cm/s or Lateral e’ velocity <10 cm/s 1334 (67.3%) and LA area >20 cm2 1286 (64.8%) respectively.Conclusions: Diastolic dysfunction should be evaluated using all the parameters recommended by 2016 ASE andEACVI guideline update. Measurement of only E/A ratio has a chance of missing large number of patient with DD.
{"title":"Diastolic Function Assessment by Echocardiography at Dhulilkhel Hospital","authors":"Sanjaya Humagain, Rajendra Prasad Koju","doi":"10.3126/jcmsn.v19i2.55326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v19i2.55326","url":null,"abstract":"IntroductionDiastolic dysfunction (DD) is understood as impaired Left ventricular relaxation. Echocardiography is the key in diagnosis. In 2016 recommendation by American Society of Echocardiography(ASE) and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging (EACVI) was updated. In our country we do not have a general consensus. Diastolic dysfunction is reported on the basis of E/A ratio of mitral flow, that has the chance of missing a lot of patients with pseudo-normalization. This study carried out to look at importance of evaluation of other parameters to diagnose a patient with diastolic dysfunction.Methods: It is a retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study. Echocardiography report from the year 2018 and 2019 was collected from database and the patients with diagnosis of Diastolic dysfunction were selected. Patient profile and the echocardiographic parameter were recorded. Echocardiography was reported according to 2016 ASE and EACVI update.Results: Total of 1982 patients selected for analysis. E/A < 0.8 was seen in 702(35.4%) patients, E/A 0.8- 2.0 was seen in 1136 (57.3%) patients and E/A > 2.0 was found in 144(7.3%) patients. The most common finding being E/e’ 1470 (74.2%) of patients followed by TR velocity > 2.8m/s 1422 (71.7%), Septal e’ velocity < 7 cm/s or Lateral e’ velocity <10 cm/s 1334 (67.3%) and LA area >20 cm2 1286 (64.8%) respectively.Conclusions: Diastolic dysfunction should be evaluated using all the parameters recommended by 2016 ASE andEACVI guideline update. Measurement of only E/A ratio has a chance of missing large number of patient with DD.","PeriodicalId":15436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of College of Medical Sciences-nepal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136369300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Post-natal care is regarded as the care provided to the mother and the baby during first six weeks of childbirth. Large proportion of maternal and neonatal deaths occur during postnatal period. The utilization of postnatal care services helps in preventing maternal and neonatal deaths. The study aim to find out the utilization of postnatal care services among postnatal mothers residing in Morang district, Nepal.Methods: A Cross sectional study was undertaken among 256 postnatal mothers residing in Kanepokhari rural municipality, Belbari and Sundarharaincha municipality of Morang district. Multi stage sampling method was used. Ethical approval was obtained from PUSHS- Institutional review committee (Ref no 041—078/079). Face to face interview was done using self developed semi structure questionnaire to collect the data. Descriptive statistics were performed and chi –square was done. Multivariable logistic regression was doneResults: Nearly half (47.3%) had utilized the postnatal care services. Very few (6.6%) of the respondents were aware about the importance about the PNC utilization. Most (85.2%) of the respondents were unaware about the government protocol of PNC visit. Educational level, duration of stay at hospital parity, danger sign seen in pregnancy, place of delivery and mode of delivery were associated with having utilization of postnatal services. The primi mothers (95% CI: 1.229-0.403) had higher likelihood of having postnatal care utilization.Conclusions: Nearly half postnatal mothers have utilized the postnatal care services. Awareness programme focusing on government protocol for postnatal services should be done to improve the utilization.
产后护理被认为是在分娩的头六个星期向母亲和婴儿提供的护理。产妇和新生儿死亡的很大一部分发生在产后。利用产后护理服务有助于预防孕产妇和新生儿死亡。本研究旨在了解居住在尼泊尔莫朗地区的产后母亲对产后护理服务的利用情况。方法:对居住在卡内普哈里农村市、贝尔巴里市和莫朗县孙达哈拉因查市的256名产后母亲进行横断面研究。采用多阶段抽样方法。获得了PUSHS-机构审查委员会(Ref no . 041-078/079)的伦理批准。采用自行开发的半结构式问卷进行面对面访谈。进行描述性统计和卡方分析。结果:近一半(47.3%)的产妇接受过产后护理服务。很少(6.6%)的受访者意识到PNC利用的重要性。大多数(85.2%)受访者不了解PNC访问的政府礼仪。受教育程度、住院时间、妊娠期危险迹象、分娩地点和分娩方式与利用产后服务有关。原产母亲(95% CI: 1.229-0.403)使用产后护理的可能性较高。结论:近一半的产妇利用了产后护理服务。应开展提高认识方案，重点关注政府产后服务议定书，以提高产后服务的利用率。
{"title":"Utilization of Postnatal Care Services among Mothers Residing in Morang District, Nepal","authors":"Chandrakala Limbu, Chanchala Kuwar, Sapana Shrestha, Neha Shrestha, Sanjita Fyak","doi":"10.3126/jcmsn.v19i2.49957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v19i2.49957","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Post-natal care is regarded as the care provided to the mother and the baby during first six weeks of childbirth. Large proportion of maternal and neonatal deaths occur during postnatal period. The utilization of postnatal care services helps in preventing maternal and neonatal deaths. The study aim to find out the utilization of postnatal care services among postnatal mothers residing in Morang district, Nepal.Methods: A Cross sectional study was undertaken among 256 postnatal mothers residing in Kanepokhari rural municipality, Belbari and Sundarharaincha municipality of Morang district. Multi stage sampling method was used. Ethical approval was obtained from PUSHS- Institutional review committee (Ref no 041—078/079). Face to face interview was done using self developed semi structure questionnaire to collect the data. Descriptive statistics were performed and chi –square was done. Multivariable logistic regression was doneResults: Nearly half (47.3%) had utilized the postnatal care services. Very few (6.6%) of the respondents were aware about the importance about the PNC utilization. Most (85.2%) of the respondents were unaware about the government protocol of PNC visit. Educational level, duration of stay at hospital parity, danger sign seen in pregnancy, place of delivery and mode of delivery were associated with having utilization of postnatal services. The primi mothers (95% CI: 1.229-0.403) had higher likelihood of having postnatal care utilization.Conclusions: Nearly half postnatal mothers have utilized the postnatal care services. Awareness programme focusing on government protocol for postnatal services should be done to improve the utilization.","PeriodicalId":15436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of College of Medical Sciences-nepal","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136369168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Birth injuries are wounds that a newborn receives when being delivered, whether vaginally or via lower segment caesarean section. It is a case of a 39-week pregnant female with foetal distress and breech presentation in labour who was received in the emergency labour room as a referral case after multiple per vaginal examinations done by a staff nurse at a peripheral hospital, with a complaint of leaking and bleeding per vaginum since then. Her emergency LSCS was done in view of foetal distress with breech presentation. A female baby was extracted and found to have a complete perineal tear in an otherwise healthy neonate. Her paediatric surgeon's opinion wassought, and a complete perineal tear was done in layers with Vicryl 3-0 sutures. On follow-up, the female neonate was continent and thriving well. Unintended vaginal examinations during breech presentation could result in an intrauterine complete perineal tear if the examiner is untrained. If these injuries are identified immediately and prompt management is done, it may lead to lesser morbidity and a better quality of life.
{"title":"An Intrauterine Complete Perineal Tear in a Female Neonate, A Rare Birth Injury Related to Breech Presentation: A Case Report","authors":"Sarika Gautam, None Shivangi, Savita Singhal, Yogender Kadian, Monika Dalal, Anjali Gupta, Neetu Tomar","doi":"10.3126/jcmsn.v19i2.51125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v19i2.51125","url":null,"abstract":"Birth injuries are wounds that a newborn receives when being delivered, whether vaginally or via lower segment caesarean section. It is a case of a 39-week pregnant female with foetal distress and breech presentation in labour who was received in the emergency labour room as a referral case after multiple per vaginal examinations done by a staff nurse at a peripheral hospital, with a complaint of leaking and bleeding per vaginum since then. Her emergency LSCS was done in view of foetal distress with breech presentation. A female baby was extracted and found to have a complete perineal tear in an otherwise healthy neonate. Her paediatric surgeon's opinion wassought, and a complete perineal tear was done in layers with Vicryl 3-0 sutures. On follow-up, the female neonate was continent and thriving well. Unintended vaginal examinations during breech presentation could result in an intrauterine complete perineal tear if the examiner is untrained. If these injuries are identified immediately and prompt management is done, it may lead to lesser morbidity and a better quality of life.","PeriodicalId":15436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of College of Medical Sciences-nepal","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136369295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.3126/jcmsn.v19i2.53361
Hem Subba, Sunita Poudyal, Ramesh Subba, Goma Devi Rai
Introduction: Continuing professional development is one of the vital aspects of maintaining up-to-dateknowledge and skills among nurses in health care settings to provide standard patient care. This study's aim was to find out the awareness, attitude, facilitators, and barriers of continuing professional development among nurses.Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted among 287 nurses working in three differenthospitals in Bhartpur, Chitwan. Structured, self-administered questionnaires were used to gather data within the three-month period. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.Results:More than fifty percent of the respondents had high level of knowledge and attitude toward continuing professional development, and 77% had participated in CPD activity. CPD enhances professional development (76.9%), knowledge improves skills at work (76.9%), and sponsorship by the organization (55.2%) were considered the key facilitators, while understanding the entire program (73.8%), a shortage of staff (69.7%), not being available for all staff (68.3%), a lack of organizational support (63.3%), and a lack of commitment (63.3%) were the major barriers to CPD participation.Conclusions: This study found that less than half of the nurses were unaware and low level of attitude towardsCPD. One-third of nurses were not involved in CPD activity. So it is important that the all nurses should participate in the CPD program, which will help to update nurses’ knowledge and skills.
{"title":"Awareness, Attitude, Facilitators, and Barriers of Continuing Professional Development among Nurses Working in Tertiary Care Hospitals of Chitwan","authors":"Hem Subba, Sunita Poudyal, Ramesh Subba, Goma Devi Rai","doi":"10.3126/jcmsn.v19i2.53361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v19i2.53361","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Continuing professional development is one of the vital aspects of maintaining up-to-dateknowledge and skills among nurses in health care settings to provide standard patient care. This study's aim was to find out the awareness, attitude, facilitators, and barriers of continuing professional development among nurses.Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted among 287 nurses working in three differenthospitals in Bhartpur, Chitwan. Structured, self-administered questionnaires were used to gather data within the three-month period. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.Results:More than fifty percent of the respondents had high level of knowledge and attitude toward continuing professional development, and 77% had participated in CPD activity. CPD enhances professional development (76.9%), knowledge improves skills at work (76.9%), and sponsorship by the organization (55.2%) were considered the key facilitators, while understanding the entire program (73.8%), a shortage of staff (69.7%), not being available for all staff (68.3%), a lack of organizational support (63.3%), and a lack of commitment (63.3%) were the major barriers to CPD participation.Conclusions: This study found that less than half of the nurses were unaware and low level of attitude towardsCPD. One-third of nurses were not involved in CPD activity. So it is important that the all nurses should participate in the CPD program, which will help to update nurses’ knowledge and skills.","PeriodicalId":15436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of College of Medical Sciences-nepal","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136368498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.3126/jcmsn.v19i2.55781
Deepak Sharma, Hari Prasad Upadhyay, Taranath Sharma, Madhav Ghimire, Bandana Aryal, Mira Kakshapati
Introduction: Kidney Disease is structural and functional abnormality of Nephrons, where abrupt deterioration to progressive decline in Kidney function leads to acute to chronic Kidney Disease, respectively. The objective of this research was to find the Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte ratio and Clinical outcomes of patients with Kidney Diseases in COVID-19.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Nephrology of College of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital, Bharatpur-10, Chitwan from 2021-04-01 to 2021-06-29 in among 31 Covid-19 positive cases. Collected data was entered and analyzed by using SPSS 20.Results: In this study 58% were male while 42% were female. Among the total cases 35.48% cases had NRL ratio <8 while 65.52% cases had NRL ratio ≥8. Among total cases 48.38% were discharged whereas, 51.62% were declared dead. Also, among those cases whose NRL ratio <8, 27.27%were declared dead while in NRL≥8, 65% cases were declared dead during treatment.Conclusions: In Covid-19 cases early diagnosis and supportiv e treatment, prognosis could be good. Regular follow-up could give insight about kidney function whereas in case Covid-19 various awareness programme and practice to prevent should be implied.
{"title":"Neutrophils - to - Lymphocytes Ratio and Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Kidney Diseases in COVID 19","authors":"Deepak Sharma, Hari Prasad Upadhyay, Taranath Sharma, Madhav Ghimire, Bandana Aryal, Mira Kakshapati","doi":"10.3126/jcmsn.v19i2.55781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v19i2.55781","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Kidney Disease is structural and functional abnormality of Nephrons, where abrupt deterioration to progressive decline in Kidney function leads to acute to chronic Kidney Disease, respectively. The objective of this research was to find the Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte ratio and Clinical outcomes of patients with Kidney Diseases in COVID-19.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Nephrology of College of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital, Bharatpur-10, Chitwan from 2021-04-01 to 2021-06-29 in among 31 Covid-19 positive cases. Collected data was entered and analyzed by using SPSS 20.Results: In this study 58% were male while 42% were female. Among the total cases 35.48% cases had NRL ratio <8 while 65.52% cases had NRL ratio ≥8. Among total cases 48.38% were discharged whereas, 51.62% were declared dead. Also, among those cases whose NRL ratio <8, 27.27%were declared dead while in NRL≥8, 65% cases were declared dead during treatment.Conclusions: In Covid-19 cases early diagnosis and supportiv e treatment, prognosis could be good. Regular follow-up could give insight about kidney function whereas in case Covid-19 various awareness programme and practice to prevent should be implied.","PeriodicalId":15436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of College of Medical Sciences-nepal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136369294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
IntroductionIncrease in body fat is a common finding in young adults due to sedentary lifestyle and unhealthy dietary habits predisposing an individual to increase in blood pressure which is a common cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to determine the association between body fat composition and BP level in young adults.MethodsA cross sectional study was conducted among 350 students of Manipal College of Medical Sciences from January to June, 2020. A structured proforma was used to collect the required information about the subjects and measurement of height, weight, waist and hip circumference, BP was done following standard methods. Body fat percentage was assessed by skinfold thickness.ResultsThe prevalence of were overweight and obesity was found to be 35.14%. Systolic, diastolic and combined hypertension was found in 64.7%, 53.26% and 57.64% respectively, in overweight and obese population. Increase in body fat percentage in boys and increase in waist hip ratio in girls showed no correlation with increase in systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressure. However, increase in BMI was strongly correlated (p<0.05) with increase in all the measures of blood pressure- systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressure.ConclusionsBody mass index is a better predictor of increased blood pressure level than body fat percentage and waist hip ratio.
{"title":"Correlation Between Body Fat Composition and Blood Pressure Level Among Medical Students in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital In Pokhara, Nepal","authors":"Indu Tiwari, Anshu Bhattarai, Poonam Karmacharya, Preetu Gurung","doi":"10.3126/jcmsn.v19i2.48509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v19i2.48509","url":null,"abstract":"IntroductionIncrease in body fat is a common finding in young adults due to sedentary lifestyle and unhealthy dietary habits predisposing an individual to increase in blood pressure which is a common cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to determine the association between body fat composition and BP level in young adults.MethodsA cross sectional study was conducted among 350 students of Manipal College of Medical Sciences from January to June, 2020. A structured proforma was used to collect the required information about the subjects and measurement of height, weight, waist and hip circumference, BP was done following standard methods. Body fat percentage was assessed by skinfold thickness.ResultsThe prevalence of were overweight and obesity was found to be 35.14%. Systolic, diastolic and combined hypertension was found in 64.7%, 53.26% and 57.64% respectively, in overweight and obese population. Increase in body fat percentage in boys and increase in waist hip ratio in girls showed no correlation with increase in systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressure. However, increase in BMI was strongly correlated (p<0.05) with increase in all the measures of blood pressure- systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressure.ConclusionsBody mass index is a better predictor of increased blood pressure level than body fat percentage and waist hip ratio.","PeriodicalId":15436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of College of Medical Sciences-nepal","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136369165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.3126/jcmsn.v19i2.55934
Soni Bista, Bijayata Shrestha, Sabita Paudel, Nuwadatta Subedi
Orientation programs for new students are considered beneficial because they aid them as well as the teachers and acclimate them to the learning environment. Additionally, it aids medical students in overcoming various challenges they encounter when adjusting to a new academic setting. Orientation sessions are held in a variety of medical colleges and are widespread worldwide. This paper discusses the five-day orientation program held at the Gandaki Medical College Teaching Hospital and Research Center, Pokhara, Nepal for the newly admitted first-year undergraduate medical students of the 2022 academic year. The institution, teaching-learning activities, respective curricula, and faculty members were introduced to the new students.
{"title":"Description of the Five-day Orientation Program for Enrolling Undergraduate Medical Students for the Academic Year 2022 at Gandaki Medical College in Pokhara, Nepal","authors":"Soni Bista, Bijayata Shrestha, Sabita Paudel, Nuwadatta Subedi","doi":"10.3126/jcmsn.v19i2.55934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v19i2.55934","url":null,"abstract":"Orientation programs for new students are considered beneficial because they aid them as well as the teachers and acclimate them to the learning environment. Additionally, it aids medical students in overcoming various challenges they encounter when adjusting to a new academic setting. Orientation sessions are held in a variety of medical colleges and are widespread worldwide. This paper discusses the five-day orientation program held at the Gandaki Medical College Teaching Hospital and Research Center, Pokhara, Nepal for the newly admitted first-year undergraduate medical students of the 2022 academic year. The institution, teaching-learning activities, respective curricula, and faculty members were introduced to the new students.
","PeriodicalId":15436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of College of Medical Sciences-nepal","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136369297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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