Pub Date : 2013-05-21DOI: 10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645284
Xiangning Xiao, Jian Zhang, Chunlin Guo, Lin Yang
In Inner Mongolia of China, the generators in several power plants are experiencing a new subsynchronous interaction problem. It belongs to subsynchronous torsional interaction (SSTI) between the generators and HVDC, but has many different characteristics from conventional SSTI. This paper describes the different characteristics according to the actual recording. Preliminary analysis is made for the root cause as well as the probable disturbance source. PSCAD/EMTDC is used to build up equivalent model of the power system and complex torque coefficient approach is utilized to scan the electrical damping characteristics of the system. A stimulation method is presented to simulate the similar disturbance as actual condition. The feasibilities of several mitigation countermeasures are analysed in detail and finally the countermeasure that STATCOM at the generator terminal is recommended.
{"title":"A new subsynchronous torsional interaction and its mitigation countermeasures","authors":"Xiangning Xiao, Jian Zhang, Chunlin Guo, Lin Yang","doi":"10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645284","url":null,"abstract":"In Inner Mongolia of China, the generators in several power plants are experiencing a new subsynchronous interaction problem. It belongs to subsynchronous torsional interaction (SSTI) between the generators and HVDC, but has many different characteristics from conventional SSTI. This paper describes the different characteristics according to the actual recording. Preliminary analysis is made for the root cause as well as the probable disturbance source. PSCAD/EMTDC is used to build up equivalent model of the power system and complex torque coefficient approach is utilized to scan the electrical damping characteristics of the system. A stimulation method is presented to simulate the similar disturbance as actual condition. The feasibilities of several mitigation countermeasures are analysed in detail and finally the countermeasure that STATCOM at the generator terminal is recommended.","PeriodicalId":154402,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Energytech","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121584887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-05-21DOI: 10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645308
Jaesik Chung
Frequent Li-ion battery (LiB) field safety incidents on the officially approved models have caused big concerns on its safety and certification, however, little attention and study have given to the potential safety risk of the certified battery. We developed a battery safety risk assessment tool by using a modified FMEA method with the RPN concept. To validate this concept we applied the tool to the CTIA LiB safety certification program and evaluated the latent safety risk level of the approved battery models, which enable us to predict the probability of a model's safety incident in the field. To realize this idea we adopted concepts of “system integration effects” and “add additional evaluation factors” to the standard's test items. In conclusion the RPN of the each cell model shows the latent safety risk level of the battery.
{"title":"Development of a Li ion battery safety risk assessment tool","authors":"Jaesik Chung","doi":"10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645308","url":null,"abstract":"Frequent Li-ion battery (LiB) field safety incidents on the officially approved models have caused big concerns on its safety and certification, however, little attention and study have given to the potential safety risk of the certified battery. We developed a battery safety risk assessment tool by using a modified FMEA method with the RPN concept. To validate this concept we applied the tool to the CTIA LiB safety certification program and evaluated the latent safety risk level of the approved battery models, which enable us to predict the probability of a model's safety incident in the field. To realize this idea we adopted concepts of “system integration effects” and “add additional evaluation factors” to the standard's test items. In conclusion the RPN of the each cell model shows the latent safety risk level of the battery.","PeriodicalId":154402,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Energytech","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122915650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-05-21DOI: 10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645292
D. Unger, J. Myrzik
The increasing share of distributed energy resources, which will be connected to electrical networks in the future, requires innovative network structures to ensure a reliable energy supply. The integration of electrical energy storage devices will become more and more important in this context. Within this paper, an energy storage management system will be presented, which uses the multi agent system approach to increase the efficiency of the whole system, by using several agents. Thereby, the single storage devices are operating in a Virtual Energy Storage. The agent based realization of the Virtual Energy Storage, as well as its application will be presented in this paper. Thereby, a case study is used to demonstrate the suitability of the agent based management of several energy storage devices in future distribution networks.
{"title":"Agent based management of energy storage devices within a Virtual Energy Storage","authors":"D. Unger, J. Myrzik","doi":"10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645292","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing share of distributed energy resources, which will be connected to electrical networks in the future, requires innovative network structures to ensure a reliable energy supply. The integration of electrical energy storage devices will become more and more important in this context. Within this paper, an energy storage management system will be presented, which uses the multi agent system approach to increase the efficiency of the whole system, by using several agents. Thereby, the single storage devices are operating in a Virtual Energy Storage. The agent based realization of the Virtual Energy Storage, as well as its application will be presented in this paper. Thereby, a case study is used to demonstrate the suitability of the agent based management of several energy storage devices in future distribution networks.","PeriodicalId":154402,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Energytech","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123831944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-05-21DOI: 10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645322
Tahani Al-Mhana, V. Pickert, B. Zahawi
Forced Commutated Controlled Series Capacitor (FCSC) converters have been proposed for stand-alone wave energy conversion buoys to increase the system's power transfer capacity by preventing power factor degradation. In this paper, the effects of load changes on the operating characteristics of an FCSC circuit employed in a stand-alone wave energy conversion system are investigated, including a discussion on the effects of the distortion and displacement factors. The circuit is modeled and the impact of load variation on converter behavior is reported. The investigation is based on the development of the state space analysis of the generator-set. Based on the state transition matrix of the system, a model was developed allowing an investigation of the performance of the FCSC converter over a wide range of load variations. Results show that the power factor is mainly dependent on the load resistance and less so on the value of load capacitance.
{"title":"Impact of load variations on the operating PF of an FCSC converter applied to wave energy systems","authors":"Tahani Al-Mhana, V. Pickert, B. Zahawi","doi":"10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645322","url":null,"abstract":"Forced Commutated Controlled Series Capacitor (FCSC) converters have been proposed for stand-alone wave energy conversion buoys to increase the system's power transfer capacity by preventing power factor degradation. In this paper, the effects of load changes on the operating characteristics of an FCSC circuit employed in a stand-alone wave energy conversion system are investigated, including a discussion on the effects of the distortion and displacement factors. The circuit is modeled and the impact of load variation on converter behavior is reported. The investigation is based on the development of the state space analysis of the generator-set. Based on the state transition matrix of the system, a model was developed allowing an investigation of the performance of the FCSC converter over a wide range of load variations. Results show that the power factor is mainly dependent on the load resistance and less so on the value of load capacitance.","PeriodicalId":154402,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Energytech","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115817799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-05-21DOI: 10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645359
M. Hong, K. Loparo, W. Culver
Distributed Generation (DG), Energy Storage (ES), and Demand Response (DR) are among the essential technologies proposed in the future electricity systems (Smart Grid) initiatives. To achieve increased levels of grid penetration by DG, ES, and DR, the current distribution systems in the United States will need to undergo significant changes in both infrastructure and regulatory policy. This paper reviews some of the important aspects of the network and operation of current distribution systems, and discusses changes that can support the broader deployment of DG, ES, and DR with increased levels of operational reliability and economic efficiency.
{"title":"Towards a more reliable and efficient electric distribution system","authors":"M. Hong, K. Loparo, W. Culver","doi":"10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645359","url":null,"abstract":"Distributed Generation (DG), Energy Storage (ES), and Demand Response (DR) are among the essential technologies proposed in the future electricity systems (Smart Grid) initiatives. To achieve increased levels of grid penetration by DG, ES, and DR, the current distribution systems in the United States will need to undergo significant changes in both infrastructure and regulatory policy. This paper reviews some of the important aspects of the network and operation of current distribution systems, and discusses changes that can support the broader deployment of DG, ES, and DR with increased levels of operational reliability and economic efficiency.","PeriodicalId":154402,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Energytech","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121191221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-05-21DOI: 10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645346
Guangxi Wu, Xiong Yu
This paper introduces the development of an innovative remote home appliances control system for applications in energy efficient smart homes. The system parses its control command based on email interfaces. The paper firstly provides an overview of the system and the major components. It describes the e-mail command protocols, power line communication protocol, as well as the remote control algorithms used in the system. A pilot system has been successfully implemented. The results of testing indicate the remote control system is reliable and fast responsive. It provides an important control for reduce energy consumption in buildings. Aspects of the system that can be further improved are discussed.
{"title":"Remote control system for energy efficient home","authors":"Guangxi Wu, Xiong Yu","doi":"10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645346","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces the development of an innovative remote home appliances control system for applications in energy efficient smart homes. The system parses its control command based on email interfaces. The paper firstly provides an overview of the system and the major components. It describes the e-mail command protocols, power line communication protocol, as well as the remote control algorithms used in the system. A pilot system has been successfully implemented. The results of testing indicate the remote control system is reliable and fast responsive. It provides an important control for reduce energy consumption in buildings. Aspects of the system that can be further improved are discussed.","PeriodicalId":154402,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Energytech","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127813945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-05-21DOI: 10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645355
A. Sinha, R. Kolacinski, W. Theeranaew, K. Loparo
Today's power systems are undergoing an evolutionary transformation where novel sensors, organized as sensor networks, are providing tremendous amounts of real-time data that is useful for improving situational awareness. It is becoming increasing evident in large-scale power systems, as in many other applications, that the associated big data is both an opportunity and a challenge. In this paper we describe an approach that merges important concepts from information theory, applied to cyber-physical systems (CPS), with a computational method for modeling large-scale cyber-physical systems, referred to as System Structure. An important aspect of the proposal approach is the interpretation of a large-scale cyber-physical system as an information processing network, where System Structure provides an approach for quantify interactions between nodes in the network, through the computation of system measures.
{"title":"System structuring of a two area four machine power system","authors":"A. Sinha, R. Kolacinski, W. Theeranaew, K. Loparo","doi":"10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645355","url":null,"abstract":"Today's power systems are undergoing an evolutionary transformation where novel sensors, organized as sensor networks, are providing tremendous amounts of real-time data that is useful for improving situational awareness. It is becoming increasing evident in large-scale power systems, as in many other applications, that the associated big data is both an opportunity and a challenge. In this paper we describe an approach that merges important concepts from information theory, applied to cyber-physical systems (CPS), with a computational method for modeling large-scale cyber-physical systems, referred to as System Structure. An important aspect of the proposal approach is the interpretation of a large-scale cyber-physical system as an information processing network, where System Structure provides an approach for quantify interactions between nodes in the network, through the computation of system measures.","PeriodicalId":154402,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Energytech","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127920459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-05-21DOI: 10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645325
Jawad Ghorbani, Y. P. Fallah, M. Choudhry, A. Feliachi
Todays electric power distribution systems are very complex and power systems restructuring also has introduced new complexities in controlling of these systems. Multi agent systems (MAS) are one of the popular approaches to improve the efficiency, reliability and safety through automated distributed control and modern communication technologies in power systems. A multi agent system structure could be centralized, hierarchical or distributed and communication system plays a key role in establishing any control strategy using multi agent systems. This paper presents a comparison between wired and wireless communication media performance in self-healing power distribution systems. Power systems dynamics gets influenced by the communication delays in the network and the purpose of this work is to study the effect of communication media on different multi agent system structures used in literature, in order to determine the suitable MAS and media choices for power distribution networks. The comparison criteria are delay (latency) and reliability of each communication media. In this study an existing Mon Power circuit is used as test network. Matlab® Simulink software and S-functions (user-defined functions) are used to integrate the power system and communication network models and build a co-simulation framework for this study.
{"title":"Investigation of communication media requirements for self healing power distribution systems","authors":"Jawad Ghorbani, Y. P. Fallah, M. Choudhry, A. Feliachi","doi":"10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645325","url":null,"abstract":"Todays electric power distribution systems are very complex and power systems restructuring also has introduced new complexities in controlling of these systems. Multi agent systems (MAS) are one of the popular approaches to improve the efficiency, reliability and safety through automated distributed control and modern communication technologies in power systems. A multi agent system structure could be centralized, hierarchical or distributed and communication system plays a key role in establishing any control strategy using multi agent systems. This paper presents a comparison between wired and wireless communication media performance in self-healing power distribution systems. Power systems dynamics gets influenced by the communication delays in the network and the purpose of this work is to study the effect of communication media on different multi agent system structures used in literature, in order to determine the suitable MAS and media choices for power distribution networks. The comparison criteria are delay (latency) and reliability of each communication media. In this study an existing Mon Power circuit is used as test network. Matlab® Simulink software and S-functions (user-defined functions) are used to integrate the power system and communication network models and build a co-simulation framework for this study.","PeriodicalId":154402,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Energytech","volume":"108 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132941656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-05-21DOI: 10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645313
E. Engeberg, S. I. Hariharan, B. Kent
An energy harvesting prototype is presented to electromechanically convert low grade heat into electricity using shape memory alloy (SMA) actuators. A model is presented for the system, and the relationship between the SMA temperature and the angle of rotation of the generator is experimentally validated. The ability of the SMA energy harvesting prototype to cyclically oscillate is also demonstrated. A 10.2V peak voltage is generated with the energy harvesting prototype.
{"title":"Electromechanical conversion of low-grade heat into electricity with shape memory alloy actuators","authors":"E. Engeberg, S. I. Hariharan, B. Kent","doi":"10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645313","url":null,"abstract":"An energy harvesting prototype is presented to electromechanically convert low grade heat into electricity using shape memory alloy (SMA) actuators. A model is presented for the system, and the relationship between the SMA temperature and the angle of rotation of the generator is experimentally validated. The ability of the SMA energy harvesting prototype to cyclically oscillate is also demonstrated. A 10.2V peak voltage is generated with the energy harvesting prototype.","PeriodicalId":154402,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Energytech","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132161912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-05-21DOI: 10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645337
K. Shenai
Silicon Carbide (SiC) is among the most promising semiconductor for high-voltage and high-temperature power electronics switching applications. A careful analysis of the current state-of-the-art commercial 4H-SiC power Schottky Barrier Diodes (SBDs) shows that these devices are operated well below their true avalanche breakdown potential. It is found that the breakdown voltage ratings of these devices are smaller nearly by a factor of 2 due to increased leakage current caused by drift-region punch-through. A simple analysis is presented to determine the de-rating factor of SiC power SBDs using the information provided in the manufacturer's data sheets. It is recommended that further improvement in material growth and manufacturing technologies offer significant promise in developing robust, low-cost, and high-performance SiC power switching devices.
{"title":"Optimization of 4H-SiC power Schottky Barrier Diodes","authors":"K. Shenai","doi":"10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645337","url":null,"abstract":"Silicon Carbide (SiC) is among the most promising semiconductor for high-voltage and high-temperature power electronics switching applications. A careful analysis of the current state-of-the-art commercial 4H-SiC power Schottky Barrier Diodes (SBDs) shows that these devices are operated well below their true avalanche breakdown potential. It is found that the breakdown voltage ratings of these devices are smaller nearly by a factor of 2 due to increased leakage current caused by drift-region punch-through. A simple analysis is presented to determine the de-rating factor of SiC power SBDs using the information provided in the manufacturer's data sheets. It is recommended that further improvement in material growth and manufacturing technologies offer significant promise in developing robust, low-cost, and high-performance SiC power switching devices.","PeriodicalId":154402,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Energytech","volume":"42 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126754103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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