Pub Date : 2013-05-21DOI: 10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645324
Guobin Xu, Paul Moulema, Wei Yu
To assess the effectiveness of integrating distributed energy resources, we investigate three types of grid systems: power grid with only bulk energy generators, power grid with distributed energy resources, and power grid with both distributed energy resources and storage devices. Based on the metrics of power cumulative cost and user service reliability, we analyze the impact of integrating distributed energy resources and storage devices on the power grid. Through extensive simulation, our data shows that integrating distributed energy resources conjointly with energy storage devices can reduce generation costs, smooth the curve of bulk power generation over time, reduce bulk power generation, and power distribution losses, and provide sustainable user service reliability to the grid.
{"title":"Integrating distributed energy resources in smart grid: Modeling and analysis","authors":"Guobin Xu, Paul Moulema, Wei Yu","doi":"10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645324","url":null,"abstract":"To assess the effectiveness of integrating distributed energy resources, we investigate three types of grid systems: power grid with only bulk energy generators, power grid with distributed energy resources, and power grid with both distributed energy resources and storage devices. Based on the metrics of power cumulative cost and user service reliability, we analyze the impact of integrating distributed energy resources and storage devices on the power grid. Through extensive simulation, our data shows that integrating distributed energy resources conjointly with energy storage devices can reduce generation costs, smooth the curve of bulk power generation over time, reduce bulk power generation, and power distribution losses, and provide sustainable user service reliability to the grid.","PeriodicalId":154402,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Energytech","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124303994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-05-21DOI: 10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645295
J. Pittner, M. Simaan
The tandem rolling of hot metal strip is a complex industrial process that is quite energy intensive. In our recent work at the Universities of Pittsburgh and Central Florida we have investigated the application of a modern advanced control method to improve the quality of the process output, with the additional feature of a significant savings in energy. This paper describes our new control method based on the use of the state-dependent Riccati equation technique and how it has resulted in both an improvement in quality and a significant savings in energy. The advanced control method as discovered in our work and as described in this paper can also be applied to similar large industrial processes with similar energy savings.
{"title":"An advanced control method for saving energy in the tandem rolling of hot metal strip","authors":"J. Pittner, M. Simaan","doi":"10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645295","url":null,"abstract":"The tandem rolling of hot metal strip is a complex industrial process that is quite energy intensive. In our recent work at the Universities of Pittsburgh and Central Florida we have investigated the application of a modern advanced control method to improve the quality of the process output, with the additional feature of a significant savings in energy. This paper describes our new control method based on the use of the state-dependent Riccati equation technique and how it has resulted in both an improvement in quality and a significant savings in energy. The advanced control method as discovered in our work and as described in this paper can also be applied to similar large industrial processes with similar energy savings.","PeriodicalId":154402,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Energytech","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122430900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-05-21DOI: 10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645327
Sameer Alsharif, K. Loparo
The objective of this paper is to demonstrate the sharing of demanded power in a single-phase hybrid micro grid operating in autonomous island mode. We assume that we have DC power sources such as a photovoltaic array and wind turbine in the DC sub-grid that are tied to the AC sub-grid consisting of two uninterruptible power sources (UPS) through a bi-directional single phase inverter. Demand-droop control is used to manage power sharing between power sources in each sub-grid; however, managing the power flow through the entire grid is still a challenge. To overcome this we develop droop control strategies for each sub-grid, and droop control for the interfacing converter. Simulation results using MATLAB are used to demonstrate the performance of the power sharing methodology developed. Four different scenarios have been tested: (1) both sub-grids are heavy loaded, (2) both sub-grids have are lightly loaded, (3) a heavy DC load with a light AC load, and (4) a heavy AC load with a light DC load.
{"title":"Management of hybrid (AC-DC) micro-grids","authors":"Sameer Alsharif, K. Loparo","doi":"10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645327","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this paper is to demonstrate the sharing of demanded power in a single-phase hybrid micro grid operating in autonomous island mode. We assume that we have DC power sources such as a photovoltaic array and wind turbine in the DC sub-grid that are tied to the AC sub-grid consisting of two uninterruptible power sources (UPS) through a bi-directional single phase inverter. Demand-droop control is used to manage power sharing between power sources in each sub-grid; however, managing the power flow through the entire grid is still a challenge. To overcome this we develop droop control strategies for each sub-grid, and droop control for the interfacing converter. Simulation results using MATLAB are used to demonstrate the performance of the power sharing methodology developed. Four different scenarios have been tested: (1) both sub-grids are heavy loaded, (2) both sub-grids have are lightly loaded, (3) a heavy DC load with a light AC load, and (4) a heavy AC load with a light DC load.","PeriodicalId":154402,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Energytech","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121525203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-05-21DOI: 10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645306
S. Paul, Md Kamrul Alam khan
In recent days, focuses on renewable energy sources has become very much popular. Due to limitations of reservation of conventional energy sources future generations have to search for alternative energy sources. Solar energy is one of the convenient renewable energy sources as the availability of the solar radiation is limitless. This research study aims to describe the design, fabrication and performance analysis of solar inverter both theoretically and practically.
{"title":"Design, fabrication and performance analysis of solar inverter","authors":"S. Paul, Md Kamrul Alam khan","doi":"10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645306","url":null,"abstract":"In recent days, focuses on renewable energy sources has become very much popular. Due to limitations of reservation of conventional energy sources future generations have to search for alternative energy sources. Solar energy is one of the convenient renewable energy sources as the availability of the solar radiation is limitless. This research study aims to describe the design, fabrication and performance analysis of solar inverter both theoretically and practically.","PeriodicalId":154402,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Energytech","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128300721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-05-21DOI: 10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645282
W. Grady, C. Klauber, H. Thomas
A major concern with future high penetration PV levels is the impact on electric utility power distribution systems due to abrupt changes in power generation caused by cloud shadows and the resulting voltage flicker. The time period of interest in this phenomenon is seconds. This paper describes the process used to obtain GPS time-stamped 1-second spaced maximum panel power output and solar radiation estimates from a data logger controlled system. The key is to operate the system quickly during each repetitive 5-second period, taking a string of measurements and sweeping the test panels current-voltage curve, and then using cubic splines to compute high-quality estimates at integer 1-second spaced intervals.
{"title":"A monitoring system for obtaining high-quality one-second spaced PV maximum power and solar radiation measurements","authors":"W. Grady, C. Klauber, H. Thomas","doi":"10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645282","url":null,"abstract":"A major concern with future high penetration PV levels is the impact on electric utility power distribution systems due to abrupt changes in power generation caused by cloud shadows and the resulting voltage flicker. The time period of interest in this phenomenon is seconds. This paper describes the process used to obtain GPS time-stamped 1-second spaced maximum panel power output and solar radiation estimates from a data logger controlled system. The key is to operate the system quickly during each repetitive 5-second period, taking a string of measurements and sweeping the test panels current-voltage curve, and then using cubic splines to compute high-quality estimates at integer 1-second spaced intervals.","PeriodicalId":154402,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Energytech","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126723847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-05-21DOI: 10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645361
R. Belu
Current trends in the wind energy industry is to design, develop and manufacturing wind turbine of constantly increasing size and rated power, as well as wind parks of larger size and installed power. Knowledge of the wind turbine behavior during its operation is of critical importance in the design and planning stages of a wind farm in order to minimize the risks, as well as for grid integration. In order to analyze the wind turbine impacts of power grid, accurate yet simple models are needed. We are proposing in this work simple wind turbine generator models used to describe its behavior during the operation on a mechanical and electrical standpoint. The same reduced order models can be used for control and design system studies.
{"title":"Wind turbine reduced order models for grid integration and control studies","authors":"R. Belu","doi":"10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645361","url":null,"abstract":"Current trends in the wind energy industry is to design, develop and manufacturing wind turbine of constantly increasing size and rated power, as well as wind parks of larger size and installed power. Knowledge of the wind turbine behavior during its operation is of critical importance in the design and planning stages of a wind farm in order to minimize the risks, as well as for grid integration. In order to analyze the wind turbine impacts of power grid, accurate yet simple models are needed. We are proposing in this work simple wind turbine generator models used to describe its behavior during the operation on a mechanical and electrical standpoint. The same reduced order models can be used for control and design system studies.","PeriodicalId":154402,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Energytech","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125643984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-05-21DOI: 10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645347
M. Hong, V. Ganugula, Yonghong Chen, J. Wan
In the real time operation of a Regional Transmission Organization (RTO), the generation resource commitment plans are constantly revised for the look-ahead time horizon due to changes in system operating conditions. Optimization based resource commitment algorithms can most effectively help to minimize the costs of committing new resources. However, most optimization algorithms lack transparency on how commitment decisions are made internally. Such transparency is necessary for the RTO operators to understand and approve the commitment recommendations. This study provides an effective method for identifying the reliability and economic justifications behind the new resources recommended for commitment by the optimization algorithm. The method has been implemented for the RTO, and has been validated by real-time operational experience.
{"title":"Resource commitment justification in RTO real time operation","authors":"M. Hong, V. Ganugula, Yonghong Chen, J. Wan","doi":"10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645347","url":null,"abstract":"In the real time operation of a Regional Transmission Organization (RTO), the generation resource commitment plans are constantly revised for the look-ahead time horizon due to changes in system operating conditions. Optimization based resource commitment algorithms can most effectively help to minimize the costs of committing new resources. However, most optimization algorithms lack transparency on how commitment decisions are made internally. Such transparency is necessary for the RTO operators to understand and approve the commitment recommendations. This study provides an effective method for identifying the reliability and economic justifications behind the new resources recommended for commitment by the optimization algorithm. The method has been implemented for the RTO, and has been validated by real-time operational experience.","PeriodicalId":154402,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Energytech","volume":"4686 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125165002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-05-21DOI: 10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645311
M. Yue, Xiao-yu Wang
To assess the impact of intermittency of rapidly increasing solar photovoltaic (PV) generation on the grid, this paper presents the dynamic models of PV generation system, the battery energy storage system (BESS) and their associated control systems. The interfaces between these models and the mains grid are also provided. Using such dynamic models, the cloud transient impacts at different penetration levels of PV generation on the system responses are investigated using a simplified simulation approach proposed in this paper.
{"title":"Dynamic modeling of grid integrated solar and battery energy system for cloud transient impact study","authors":"M. Yue, Xiao-yu Wang","doi":"10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645311","url":null,"abstract":"To assess the impact of intermittency of rapidly increasing solar photovoltaic (PV) generation on the grid, this paper presents the dynamic models of PV generation system, the battery energy storage system (BESS) and their associated control systems. The interfaces between these models and the mains grid are also provided. Using such dynamic models, the cloud transient impacts at different penetration levels of PV generation on the system responses are investigated using a simplified simulation approach proposed in this paper.","PeriodicalId":154402,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Energytech","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122179139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-05-21DOI: 10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645289
Mohamed O. Badawy, Adeeb Ahmed, Y. Sozer, Ping Yi
An active switching total harmonic distortion (THD) reduction topology is proposed in this paper. The topology is used to reduce the harmonics and to correct the power factor of the grid for electric vehicle (EV) charging station applications. The proposed topology is implemented by proper control of the bi-directional cascaded buck-boost converter switches. The need for passive filters or additional active components for THD reduction is eliminated in proposed topology. The presented topology is analyzed and the simulation results are presented to confirm the validity and the effectiveness of the system under different operating conditions.
{"title":"Active THD reduction strategy for grid connected EV charging stations","authors":"Mohamed O. Badawy, Adeeb Ahmed, Y. Sozer, Ping Yi","doi":"10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645289","url":null,"abstract":"An active switching total harmonic distortion (THD) reduction topology is proposed in this paper. The topology is used to reduce the harmonics and to correct the power factor of the grid for electric vehicle (EV) charging station applications. The proposed topology is implemented by proper control of the bi-directional cascaded buck-boost converter switches. The need for passive filters or additional active components for THD reduction is eliminated in proposed topology. The presented topology is analyzed and the simulation results are presented to confirm the validity and the effectiveness of the system under different operating conditions.","PeriodicalId":154402,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Energytech","volume":"144 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132495927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-05-21DOI: 10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645301
S. Myers
The Power & Energy Society of the IEEE helped launch the Community Solutions Initiative in 2009, to address the situation of energy poverty which has nearly 1.5 billion people with no access to the electric grid. Progress is reported on coordination with various 3rd world nation-specific development organizations, the CSI-developed 1.5 kW solar installation system which serves 80 homes, and development of the sustainable business model operating at the `Base of the Pyramid' scale (4 billion people who earn less than $5 a day). Progress is set against the backdrop of development economics approaches to addressing poverty and the unique role of electrical energy.
{"title":"Community solutions initiative: IEEE Power & Energy Society rural electrification initiative","authors":"S. Myers","doi":"10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ENERGYTECH.2013.6645301","url":null,"abstract":"The Power & Energy Society of the IEEE helped launch the Community Solutions Initiative in 2009, to address the situation of energy poverty which has nearly 1.5 billion people with no access to the electric grid. Progress is reported on coordination with various 3rd world nation-specific development organizations, the CSI-developed 1.5 kW solar installation system which serves 80 homes, and development of the sustainable business model operating at the `Base of the Pyramid' scale (4 billion people who earn less than $5 a day). Progress is set against the backdrop of development economics approaches to addressing poverty and the unique role of electrical energy.","PeriodicalId":154402,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Energytech","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129284389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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