Pub Date : 2024-07-01Epub Date: 2024-03-28DOI: 10.1037/ccp0000880
Samantha J Moshier, Colin T Mahoney, Michelle J Bovin, Brian P Marx, Paula P Schnurr
Objective: To compare the course of change in individual posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms during prolonged exposure therapy (PE) and cognitive processing therapy (CPT).
Method: We analyzed data from a previously published randomized clinical trial comparing PE and CPT among male and female U.S. military veterans with PTSD (Schnurr et al., 2022). Using data from a self-rated PTSD symptom measure administered before each therapy session, we evaluated individual symptom change from pretreatment to final therapy session (N = 802). Then, using network intervention analysis, we modeled session-by-session PTSD symptom networks that included treatment allocation (CPT vs. PE) as a node in the networks, allowing us to compare individual symptom change following each session in each treatment.
Results: Relative to CPT, PE was associated with greater reduction in 10 PTSD symptoms from first to final session of therapy. Numerous treatment-specific effects on individual symptoms emerged during the treatment period; these session-level effects occurred only in symptoms relatively specific to the diagnosis of PTSD (e.g., avoidance, hypervigilance). PE was associated with greater reduction in avoidance following the introduction and early weeks of imaginal exposure. The treatments yielded comparable effects on trauma-related blame and negative beliefs from pretreatment to final therapy session. However, there were differences in session-level change in these symptoms that may reflect differential timing of interventions that reduce distorted cognitions within each treatment.
Conclusions: Findings may facilitate the shared decision-making process for patients choosing between CPT and PE. Session-level results provide direction for future research on the specific intervention components of CPT and PE. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
摘要比较在长期暴露疗法(PE)和认知处理疗法(CPT)中个人创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)症状的变化过程:我们分析了之前发表的一项随机临床试验的数据,该试验对患有创伤后应激障碍的美国男女退伍军人进行了暴露疗法和认知处理疗法的比较(Schnurr 等人,2022 年)。利用每次治疗前进行的创伤后应激障碍症状自评量表中的数据,我们评估了从治疗前到最终治疗期间(N = 802)个人症状的变化。然后,通过网络干预分析,我们建立了逐个疗程的创伤后应激障碍症状网络模型,并将治疗分配(CPT vs. PE)作为网络中的一个节点,这样我们就可以比较每个疗程中每个疗程后的个体症状变化:结果:与 CPT 相比,PE 在治疗的第一个疗程到最后一个疗程期间,10 种创伤后应激障碍症状的减少幅度更大。在治疗期间,个别症状出现了许多治疗特异性效应;这些疗程层面的效应仅出现在创伤后应激障碍诊断相对特异的症状上(如回避、过度警觉)。在引入意象暴露和意象暴露的最初几周,PE 与回避症状的进一步减轻有关。从治疗前到最后一个疗程,这些治疗方法对创伤相关的自责和消极信念产生了相似的效果。然而,这些症状在疗程水平上的变化存在差异,这可能反映了每种治疗方法中减少扭曲认知的干预时机不同:结论:研究结果可能有助于患者在 CPT 和 PE 之间做出共同决策。疗程层面的结果为今后研究CPT和PE的具体干预内容提供了方向。(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA,保留所有权利)。
{"title":"Session-level effects of cognitive processing therapy and prolonged exposure on individual symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder among U.S. veterans.","authors":"Samantha J Moshier, Colin T Mahoney, Michelle J Bovin, Brian P Marx, Paula P Schnurr","doi":"10.1037/ccp0000880","DOIUrl":"10.1037/ccp0000880","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the course of change in individual posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms during prolonged exposure therapy (PE) and cognitive processing therapy (CPT).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We analyzed data from a previously published randomized clinical trial comparing PE and CPT among male and female U.S. military veterans with PTSD (Schnurr et al., 2022). Using data from a self-rated PTSD symptom measure administered before each therapy session, we evaluated individual symptom change from pretreatment to final therapy session (<i>N</i> = 802). Then, using network intervention analysis, we modeled session-by-session PTSD symptom networks that included treatment allocation (CPT vs. PE) as a node in the networks, allowing us to compare individual symptom change following each session in each treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Relative to CPT, PE was associated with greater reduction in 10 PTSD symptoms from first to final session of therapy. Numerous treatment-specific effects on individual symptoms emerged during the treatment period; these session-level effects occurred only in symptoms relatively specific to the diagnosis of PTSD (e.g., avoidance, hypervigilance). PE was associated with greater reduction in avoidance following the introduction and early weeks of imaginal exposure. The treatments yielded comparable effects on trauma-related blame and negative beliefs from pretreatment to final therapy session. However, there were differences in session-level change in these symptoms that may reflect differential timing of interventions that reduce distorted cognitions within each treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings may facilitate the shared decision-making process for patients choosing between CPT and PE. Session-level results provide direction for future research on the specific intervention components of CPT and PE. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":15447,"journal":{"name":"Journal of consulting and clinical psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140305770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Danielle A C Oprel, Chris M Hoeboer, Maartje Schoorl, Rianne A de Kleine, Willem van der Does, Agnes van Minnen
Objectives: Working alliance is considered an important determinant of outcome of psychotherapy. Patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following childhood abuse (CA-PTSD) may have challenges in building interpersonal relationships, including working alliance. Phase-based treatment provides an opportunity to strengthen alliance prior to trauma-focused treatment. This study aimed to compare the development of working alliance among patients with CA-PTSD in three variants of prolonged exposure (PE) therapy: standard PE, intensive PE (iPE), and skill training in affective and interpersonal regulation + prolonged exposure (STAIR + PE). We also examined the effect of alliance on treatment outcome and dropout.
Method: Self-reported PTSD Checklist for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (Blevins et al., 2015) and patient-rated Working Alliance Inventory (Tracey & Kokotovic, 1989) were assessed in a clinical trial. We analyzed data from 138 adult patients (76.1% female; 42% non-Western). Analyses were performed using mixed-effects models.
Results: Patients established a satisfactory alliance early in treatment, which increased over time. For PE and STAIR + PE, a larger decrease in PTSD symptom severity was related to a higher alliance in the subsequent session, but not the other way around. In STAIR + PE, a higher alliance in Phase 1 was related to lower PTSD symptoms in Phase 2. In all conditions, a higher initial working alliance was related to a lower chance of treatment dropout.
Conclusion: In the treatment of CA-PTSD, all three variants of prolonged exposure foster positive development of the working alliance. Across conditions, working alliance did not precede symptom decline. Therapists should strive for a strong alliance at the beginning of treatment as this reduces the likelihood of dropout. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
目的:工作联盟被认为是心理治疗结果的重要决定因素。童年受虐后创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)患者在建立人际关系(包括工作联盟)方面可能面临挑战。分阶段治疗提供了一个在以创伤为重点的治疗之前加强联盟的机会。本研究旨在比较三种延长暴露疗法(PE)中 CA-PTSD 患者工作联盟的发展情况:标准 PE、强化 PE(iPE)以及情感和人际关系调节技能训练 + 延长暴露疗法(STAIR + PE)。我们还研究了联盟对治疗结果和辍学的影响:在一项临床试验中,我们评估了自我报告的《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第五版创伤后应激障碍核对表(Blevins 等人,2015 年)和患者评分的工作联盟量表(Tracey & Kokotovic,1989 年)。我们分析了 138 名成年患者(76.1% 为女性;42% 为非西方人)的数据。分析采用混合效应模型进行:结果:患者在治疗初期建立了令人满意的联盟关系,随着时间的推移,这种关系不断加强。在 PE 和 STAIR + PE 治疗中,创伤后应激障碍症状严重程度的大幅下降与随后治疗中更高的联盟度有关,但与此相反。在 STAIR + PE 中,第一阶段较高的联盟度与第二阶段较低的创伤后应激障碍症状有关。在所有情况下,较高的初始工作联盟与较低的治疗退出几率有关:结论:在CA-创伤后应激障碍的治疗中,延长暴露的三种变体都能促进工作联盟的积极发展。在各种条件下,工作联盟并不先于症状的减轻。治疗师应在治疗开始时努力建立牢固的联盟,因为这可以降低辍学的可能性。(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA,保留所有权利)。
{"title":"Working alliance in exposure-based treatments of posttraumatic stress disorder related to childhood abuse.","authors":"Danielle A C Oprel, Chris M Hoeboer, Maartje Schoorl, Rianne A de Kleine, Willem van der Does, Agnes van Minnen","doi":"10.1037/ccp0000899","DOIUrl":"10.1037/ccp0000899","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Working alliance is considered an important determinant of outcome of psychotherapy. Patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following childhood abuse (CA-PTSD) may have challenges in building interpersonal relationships, including working alliance. Phase-based treatment provides an opportunity to strengthen alliance prior to trauma-focused treatment. This study aimed to compare the development of working alliance among patients with CA-PTSD in three variants of prolonged exposure (PE) therapy: standard PE, intensive PE (iPE), and skill training in affective and interpersonal regulation + prolonged exposure (STAIR + PE). We also examined the effect of alliance on treatment outcome and dropout.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Self-reported PTSD Checklist for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (Blevins et al., 2015) and patient-rated Working Alliance Inventory (Tracey & Kokotovic, 1989) were assessed in a clinical trial. We analyzed data from 138 adult patients (76.1% female; 42% non-Western). Analyses were performed using mixed-effects models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients established a satisfactory alliance early in treatment, which increased over time. For PE and STAIR + PE, a larger decrease in PTSD symptom severity was related to a higher alliance in the subsequent session, but not the other way around. In STAIR + PE, a higher alliance in Phase 1 was related to lower PTSD symptoms in Phase 2. In all conditions, a higher initial working alliance was related to a lower chance of treatment dropout.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In the treatment of CA-PTSD, all three variants of prolonged exposure foster positive development of the working alliance. Across conditions, working alliance did not precede symptom decline. Therapists should strive for a strong alliance at the beginning of treatment as this reduces the likelihood of dropout. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":15447,"journal":{"name":"Journal of consulting and clinical psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142072977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C F Jacobsen, F Falkenström, L Castonguay, J Nielsen, S Lunn, L Lauritzen, S Poulsen
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate a sequence of associations between clients' pretreatment attachment style, the development of individuated-secure attachment to the therapist (i.e., therapeutic attachment), and the experience of increased comfort with emotional closeness (growing engagement) or independence (growing autonomy) in therapy. Moreover, the study explored whether clients' experience of growing engagement or growing autonomy was associated with a change in interpersonal problems at the end of therapy.
Method: Three hundred thirty adult clients (mean age 40.2, 75% female) were seen by 44 therapists in individual psychotherapy. The associations between pretreatment attachment insecurity measured on the Experiences in Close Relationships scale, repeated measures of therapeutic attachment measured on the Client Attachment to Therapist Scale, repeated measures of a growing engagement or growing autonomy measured on the Therapeutic Distance Scale, and pre-post measures of interpersonal problems measured on the Inventory for Interpersonal Problems were analyzed using multilevel modeling. Two types of therapeutic attachment were estimated, one controlling for anxious attachment characteristics and one for avoidant.
Results: Significant associations between higher levels of therapeutic attachment controlled for avoidant attachment characteristics and lower levels of growing autonomy in therapy were found. Moreover, higher levels of growing engagement in therapy and higher levels of therapeutic attachment controlled for anxious attachment characteristics were associated with a decrease in interpersonal problems at the end of therapy.
Conclusions: Distinct types of therapeutic attachment may exert different influences on the process and outcome of therapy. Furthermore, therapists' attunement to clients' specific attachment needs in therapy may enhance interpersonal outcomes of treatment. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
{"title":"The relationship between attachment needs, earned secure therapeutic attachment and outcome in adult psychotherapy.","authors":"C F Jacobsen, F Falkenström, L Castonguay, J Nielsen, S Lunn, L Lauritzen, S Poulsen","doi":"10.1037/ccp0000900","DOIUrl":"10.1037/ccp0000900","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to investigate a sequence of associations between clients' pretreatment attachment style, the development of individuated-secure attachment to the therapist (i.e., therapeutic attachment), and the experience of increased comfort with emotional closeness (growing engagement) or independence (growing autonomy) in therapy. Moreover, the study explored whether clients' experience of growing engagement or growing autonomy was associated with a change in interpersonal problems at the end of therapy.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Three hundred thirty adult clients (mean age 40.2, 75% female) were seen by 44 therapists in individual psychotherapy. The associations between pretreatment attachment insecurity measured on the Experiences in Close Relationships scale, repeated measures of therapeutic attachment measured on the Client Attachment to Therapist Scale, repeated measures of a growing engagement or growing autonomy measured on the Therapeutic Distance Scale, and pre-post measures of interpersonal problems measured on the Inventory for Interpersonal Problems were analyzed using multilevel modeling. Two types of therapeutic attachment were estimated, one controlling for anxious attachment characteristics and one for avoidant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant associations between higher levels of therapeutic attachment controlled for avoidant attachment characteristics and lower levels of growing autonomy in therapy were found. Moreover, higher levels of growing engagement in therapy and higher levels of therapeutic attachment controlled for anxious attachment characteristics were associated with a decrease in interpersonal problems at the end of therapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Distinct types of therapeutic attachment may exert different influences on the process and outcome of therapy. Furthermore, therapists' attunement to clients' specific attachment needs in therapy may enhance interpersonal outcomes of treatment. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":15447,"journal":{"name":"Journal of consulting and clinical psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142072975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Current health care systems emphasize consensual collaboration between clinicians and patients to reduce symptoms and improve well-being (e.g., World Health Organization, 2023). The alliance is the internationally best-studied collaborative process characteristic in psychotherapy research. Recent empirical studies on the alliance have tripled in comparison to the entire 20th century. This increase in empirical data illustrates the cumulative outstanding scientific activities in this field (e.g., Wampold & Flückiger, 2023). The reasons for the international popularity of the pantheoretical alliance concept may lie in the practical experience of many practitioners that a balanced collaborative quality is a central ethical and conceptual premise for treatment progress (Horvath, 2018). The aim of a "Viewpoint" article is to provide thought-provoking notes on the current state of research, innovations, weaknesses in the field, and current debates. This article is limited to three aspects. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
{"title":"Understanding the patients' concept of the alliance-One step back to take two steps forward.","authors":"Christoph Flückiger","doi":"10.1037/ccp0000895","DOIUrl":"10.1037/ccp0000895","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Current health care systems emphasize consensual collaboration between clinicians and patients to reduce symptoms and improve well-being (e.g., World Health Organization, 2023). The alliance is the internationally best-studied collaborative process characteristic in psychotherapy research. Recent empirical studies on the alliance have tripled in comparison to the entire 20th century. This increase in empirical data illustrates the cumulative outstanding scientific activities in this field (e.g., Wampold & Flückiger, 2023). The reasons for the international popularity of the pantheoretical alliance concept may lie in the practical experience of many practitioners that a balanced collaborative quality is a central ethical and conceptual premise for treatment progress (Horvath, 2018). The aim of a \"Viewpoint\" article is to provide thought-provoking notes on the current state of research, innovations, weaknesses in the field, and current debates. This article is limited to three aspects. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":15447,"journal":{"name":"Journal of consulting and clinical psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142072976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Danielle M Weber, Justin A Lavner, Steven R H Beach
Objective: This study examined variability in response to a couple and relationship education program for Black coparenting couples using group-based trajectory modeling. We identified groups of couples with different relationship satisfaction trajectories across a 2-year period following preintervention assessment.
Method: Black couples with a preadolescent child were randomized to the Protecting Strong African American Families intervention (N = 170) or a control condition (N = 174) and reported on their relationship satisfaction preintervention and approximately 9, 17, and 25 months later.
Results: Results indicated two trajectory groups among men and women receiving the intervention, comprising a large group consistently high in relationship satisfaction over time and a smaller group with moderate, stable satisfaction over time. In the control condition, there was also a large group of men and women who remained consistently high in satisfaction, but the smaller group with initially moderate satisfaction experienced decreased satisfaction over time. Trajectories among men and women in the moderate groups differed by treatment condition, reflecting nonsignificant change (i.e., stable satisfaction) for those receiving intervention and significant decline for controls. Trajectories among women in the high group also differed by treatment condition, reflecting better functioning among women receiving intervention.
Conclusions: Results indicated many benefits of intervention, most notably the stabilization of satisfaction among couples beginning with moderate satisfaction (who experienced declining satisfaction in the control condition). Similar examination of within-sample variability in response to other couple and relationship education programs may enhance understanding of specific treatment effects and guide identification of those most likely to benefit from relationship intervention. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
{"title":"Different trajectories of relationship satisfaction among rural Black couples following preventive relationship intervention.","authors":"Danielle M Weber, Justin A Lavner, Steven R H Beach","doi":"10.1037/ccp0000894","DOIUrl":"10.1037/ccp0000894","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study examined variability in response to a couple and relationship education program for Black coparenting couples using group-based trajectory modeling. We identified groups of couples with different relationship satisfaction trajectories across a 2-year period following preintervention assessment.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Black couples with a preadolescent child were randomized to the Protecting Strong African American Families intervention (N = 170) or a control condition (N = 174) and reported on their relationship satisfaction preintervention and approximately 9, 17, and 25 months later.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results indicated two trajectory groups among men and women receiving the intervention, comprising a large group consistently high in relationship satisfaction over time and a smaller group with moderate, stable satisfaction over time. In the control condition, there was also a large group of men and women who remained consistently high in satisfaction, but the smaller group with initially moderate satisfaction experienced decreased satisfaction over time. Trajectories among men and women in the moderate groups differed by treatment condition, reflecting nonsignificant change (i.e., stable satisfaction) for those receiving intervention and significant decline for controls. Trajectories among women in the high group also differed by treatment condition, reflecting better functioning among women receiving intervention.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Results indicated many benefits of intervention, most notably the stabilization of satisfaction among couples beginning with moderate satisfaction (who experienced declining satisfaction in the control condition). Similar examination of within-sample variability in response to other couple and relationship education programs may enhance understanding of specific treatment effects and guide identification of those most likely to benefit from relationship intervention. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":15447,"journal":{"name":"Journal of consulting and clinical psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141633650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Treatment personalization has evolved into an important zeitgeist in psychotherapy research. To date, such efforts have principally embodied a unidirectional focus on personalizing interventions to the patient. For example, earlier work in this area attempted to determine whether, on average, certain patients with certain characteristics or needs would respond better to one treatment package versus others. To the extent such aggregate "Aptitude × Treatment interactions" emerged, they could help guide overarching treatment selection. More recently, and drawing on technological and statistical advancements (e.g., machine learning, dynamic modeling), predictive algorithms can help determine for which individual patients certain treatment packages (DeRubeis et al., 2014) or specific during-session interventions within them (Fisher & Boswell, 2016) confer the most advantage for clinical improvement. Again, such work can help guide treatment decisions, though now at multiple care points. Although the aforementioned innovations in personalized psychotherapy have been leading-edge, precision care need not remain unidirectional. Rather, it can be complemented by efforts to personalize treatment decisions to the therapist. Namely, we can harness therapist effectiveness data to help ensure that therapists treat the patients they are empirically most equipped to help and use the interventions with which they have had the most empirical success. Such threads have been the focus of our team's novel, evolving, and multimethod work on improving psychotherapy by leveraging therapists' own practice-based evidence. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
{"title":"Measurement-based matching of patients to psychotherapists' strengths.","authors":"Michael J Constantino","doi":"10.1037/ccp0000897","DOIUrl":"10.1037/ccp0000897","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Treatment personalization has evolved into an important zeitgeist in psychotherapy research. To date, such efforts have principally embodied a unidirectional focus on personalizing interventions to the patient. For example, earlier work in this area attempted to determine whether, on average, certain patients with certain characteristics or needs would respond better to one treatment package versus others. To the extent such <i>aggregate</i> \"Aptitude × Treatment interactions\" emerged, they could help guide overarching treatment selection. More recently, and drawing on technological and statistical advancements (e.g., machine learning, dynamic modeling), predictive algorithms can help determine for which individual patients certain treatment packages (DeRubeis et al., 2014) or specific during-session interventions within them (Fisher & Boswell, 2016) confer the most advantage for clinical improvement. Again, such work can help guide treatment decisions, though now at multiple care points. Although the aforementioned innovations in personalized psychotherapy have been leading-edge, precision care need not remain unidirectional. Rather, it can be complemented by efforts to personalize treatment decisions <i>to the therapist</i>. Namely, we can harness therapist effectiveness data to help ensure that therapists treat the patients they are empirically most equipped to help and use the interventions with which they have had the most empirical success. Such threads have been the focus of our team's novel, evolving, and multimethod work on improving psychotherapy by leveraging therapists' own practice-based evidence. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":15447,"journal":{"name":"Journal of consulting and clinical psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141633651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jeremy W Eberle, Katharine E Daniel, Sonia Baee, Alexandra L Silverman, Elijah Lewis, Anna N Baglione, Alexandra Werntz, Noah J French, Julie L Ji, Nicola Hohensee, Xin Tong, Jacalyn M Huband, Mehdi Boukhechba, Daniel H Funk, Laura E Barnes, Bethany A Teachman
Objective: Web-based cognitive bias modification for interpretation (CBM-I) can improve interpretation biases and anxiety symptoms but faces high rates of dropout. This study tested the effectiveness of web-based CBM-I relative to an active psychoeducation condition and the addition of low-intensity telecoaching for a subset of CBM-I participants.
Method: 1,234 anxious community adults (Mage = 35.09 years, 81.2% female, 72.1% white, 82.6% not Hispanic) were randomly assigned at Stage 1 of a sequential, multiple-assignment randomized trial to complete five weekly sessions of CBM-I or psychoeducation on our team's public research website. After the first session, for Stage 2, an algorithm attempted to classify CBM-I participants as higher (vs. lower) risk for dropping out; those classified as higher risk were then randomly assigned to complete four brief weekly telecoaching check-ins (vs. no coaching).
Results: As hypothesized (https://doi.org/j2xr; Daniel, Eberle, & Teachman, 2020), CBM-I significantly outperformed psychoeducation at improving positive and negative interpretation biases (Recognition Ratings, Brief Body Sensations Interpretation Questionnaire) and anxiety symptoms (Overall Anxiety Severity and Impairment Scale, Anxiety Scale from Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-Short Form), with smaller treatment gains remaining significant at 2-month follow-up. Unexpectedly, CBM-I had significantly worse treatment dropout outcomes than psychoeducation, and adding coaching (vs. no coaching) did not significantly improve efficacy or dropout outcomes (notably, many participants chose not to interact with their coach).
Conclusions: Web-based CBM-I appears effective, but supplemental coaching may not mitigate the challenge of dropout. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
{"title":"Web-based interpretation bias training to reduce anxiety: A sequential, multiple-assignment randomized trial.","authors":"Jeremy W Eberle, Katharine E Daniel, Sonia Baee, Alexandra L Silverman, Elijah Lewis, Anna N Baglione, Alexandra Werntz, Noah J French, Julie L Ji, Nicola Hohensee, Xin Tong, Jacalyn M Huband, Mehdi Boukhechba, Daniel H Funk, Laura E Barnes, Bethany A Teachman","doi":"10.1037/ccp0000896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/ccp0000896","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Web-based cognitive bias modification for interpretation (CBM-I) can improve interpretation biases and anxiety symptoms but faces high rates of dropout. This study tested the effectiveness of web-based CBM-I relative to an active psychoeducation condition and the addition of low-intensity telecoaching for a subset of CBM-I participants.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>1,234 anxious community adults (Mage = 35.09 years, 81.2% female, 72.1% white, 82.6% not Hispanic) were randomly assigned at Stage 1 of a sequential, multiple-assignment randomized trial to complete five weekly sessions of CBM-I or psychoeducation on our team's public research website. After the first session, for Stage 2, an algorithm attempted to classify CBM-I participants as higher (vs. lower) risk for dropping out; those classified as higher risk were then randomly assigned to complete four brief weekly telecoaching check-ins (vs. no coaching).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>As hypothesized (https://doi.org/j2xr; Daniel, Eberle, & Teachman, 2020), CBM-I significantly outperformed psychoeducation at improving positive and negative interpretation biases (Recognition Ratings, Brief Body Sensations Interpretation Questionnaire) and anxiety symptoms (Overall Anxiety Severity and Impairment Scale, Anxiety Scale from Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-Short Form), with smaller treatment gains remaining significant at 2-month follow-up. Unexpectedly, CBM-I had significantly worse treatment dropout outcomes than psychoeducation, and adding coaching (vs. no coaching) did not significantly improve efficacy or dropout outcomes (notably, many participants chose not to interact with their coach).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Web-based CBM-I appears effective, but supplemental coaching may not mitigate the challenge of dropout. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":15447,"journal":{"name":"Journal of consulting and clinical psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141633652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Renatha El Rafihi-Ferreira, Rosa Hasan, Andrea C Toscanini, Ila M P Linares, Daniel Suzuki Borges, Israel P Brasil, Marwin Carmo, Francisco Lotufo Neto, Charles Morin
Objective: To compare the effectiveness of an acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT)-based protocol and cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) for insomnia in adults.
Method: The participants comprised 227 adults with insomnia. They were randomized to six weekly group sessions consisting of acceptance and commitment therapy for insomnia (n = 76), cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (n = 76), or waitlist (WL; n = 75).
Results: Both treatment modalities significantly reduced insomnia severity with large effect sizes in the posttreatment phase. These results were maintained during the follow-up period with large effect sizes. CBT was superior to ACT in reducing the Insomnia Severity Index at posttreatment and follow-up, with a small effect size. ACT was superior to WL at posttreatment and at follow-up, with a moderate effect size. The treatment response and remission ratios were higher with CBT at posttreatment and similar at 6-month follow-up for both therapies, as ACT made further gains in response and remission. ACT had a significantly higher proportion of response and remission than WL in both periods (posttreatment and follow-up). Both therapies improved daytime functioning at both posttreatment and follow-up, with few differential changes across the groups.
Conclusions: Both cognitive behavior therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy are effective, with CBT showing superiority and ACT showing delayed improvement. ACT has proven to be an effective therapy, especially in the long term, even in the absence of behavioral techniques such as stimulus control and sleep restriction, and it is a viable option for those who have difficulties adhering to behavioral techniques. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
{"title":"Acceptance and commitment therapy versus cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia: A randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Renatha El Rafihi-Ferreira, Rosa Hasan, Andrea C Toscanini, Ila M P Linares, Daniel Suzuki Borges, Israel P Brasil, Marwin Carmo, Francisco Lotufo Neto, Charles Morin","doi":"10.1037/ccp0000881","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/ccp0000881","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the effectiveness of an acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT)-based protocol and cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) for insomnia in adults.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The participants comprised 227 adults with insomnia. They were randomized to six weekly group sessions consisting of acceptance and commitment therapy for insomnia (n = 76), cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (n = 76), or waitlist (WL; n = 75).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both treatment modalities significantly reduced insomnia severity with large effect sizes in the posttreatment phase. These results were maintained during the follow-up period with large effect sizes. CBT was superior to ACT in reducing the Insomnia Severity Index at posttreatment and follow-up, with a small effect size. ACT was superior to WL at posttreatment and at follow-up, with a moderate effect size. The treatment response and remission ratios were higher with CBT at posttreatment and similar at 6-month follow-up for both therapies, as ACT made further gains in response and remission. ACT had a significantly higher proportion of response and remission than WL in both periods (posttreatment and follow-up). Both therapies improved daytime functioning at both posttreatment and follow-up, with few differential changes across the groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Both cognitive behavior therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy are effective, with CBT showing superiority and ACT showing delayed improvement. ACT has proven to be an effective therapy, especially in the long term, even in the absence of behavioral techniques such as stimulus control and sleep restriction, and it is a viable option for those who have difficulties adhering to behavioral techniques. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":15447,"journal":{"name":"Journal of consulting and clinical psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141633592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Supplemental Material for The Temporal Order of Emotional, Cognitive, and Behavioral Gains in Daily Life During Treatment of Depression","authors":"","doi":"10.1037/ccp0000890.supp","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/ccp0000890.supp","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15447,"journal":{"name":"Journal of consulting and clinical psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140971559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Supplemental Material for Disruptive Child Behavior Severity and Parenting Program Session Attendance: Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis","authors":"","doi":"10.1037/ccp0000893.supp","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/ccp0000893.supp","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15447,"journal":{"name":"Journal of consulting and clinical psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140968986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}