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Estrogen receptor alpha ablation reverses muscle fibrosis and inguinal hernias.
IF 13.3 1区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2025-02-04 DOI: 10.1172/JCI179137
Tanvi Potluri, Tianming You, Ping Yin, John S Coon V, Jonah J Stulberg, Yang Dai, David J Escobar, Richard L Lieber, Hong Zhao, Serdar E Bulun

Fibrosis of the lower abdominal muscle (LAM) contributes to muscle weakening and inguinal hernia formation, an ailment affecting a noteworthy fifty percent of men by age 75, necessitating surgical correction as the singular therapy. Despite its prevalence, the mechanisms driving LAM fibrosis and hernia development remain poorly understood. Utilizing a humanized mouse model that replicates elevated skeletal muscle tissue estrogen concentrations akin to aging men, we identified estrogen receptor alpha (ESR1) as a key driver of LAM fibroblast proliferation, extracellular matrix deposition, and hernia formation. Fibroblast-specific ESR1 ablation effectively prevented muscle fibrosis and herniation, while pharmacological ESR1 inhibition with fulvestrant reversed hernias and restored normal muscle architecture. Multiomic analyses on in vitro LAM fibroblasts unveiled an estrogen/ESR1-mediated activation of a distinct profibrotic cistrome and gene expression signature, concordant with observations in inguinal hernia tissues in human males. Our findings hold significant promise for prospective medical interventions targeting fibrotic conditions and presenting non-surgical avenues for addressing inguinal hernias.

下腹部肌肉(LAM)纤维化会导致肌肉衰弱和腹股沟疝的形成,这种疾病在 75 岁之前会影响到 50% 的男性,因此必须将手术矫正作为唯一的治疗方法。尽管腹股沟疝气普遍存在,但人们对其纤维化和疝气形成的机制仍然知之甚少。我们利用人源化小鼠模型复制了与衰老男性相似的骨骼肌组织雌激素浓度升高的情况,发现雌激素受体α(ESR1)是LAM成纤维细胞增殖、细胞外基质沉积和疝形成的关键驱动因素。纤维母细胞特异性 ESR1 消融能有效防止肌肉纤维化和疝气,而使用氟维司群对 ESR1 进行药理抑制能逆转疝气并恢复正常的肌肉结构。对体外 LAM 成纤维细胞进行的多组学分析揭示了雌激素/ESR1 介导的一种独特的坏死性细胞组和基因表达特征的激活,这与在人类男性腹股沟疝组织中观察到的结果一致。我们的发现为针对纤维化病症的前瞻性医疗干预带来了重大希望,并为解决腹股沟疝提供了非手术途径。
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引用次数: 0
ZDHHC18 promotes renal fibrosis development by regulating HRAS palmitoylation.
IF 13.3 1区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2025-02-04 DOI: 10.1172/JCI180242
Di Lu, Gulibositan Aji, Guanyu Li, Yue Li, Wenlin Fang, Shuai Zhang, Ruiqi Yu, Sheng Jiang, Xia Gao, Yuhang Jiang, Qi Wang

Fibrosis is the final common pathway leading to end stage chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the function of protein palmitoylation in renal fibrosis and underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we observed that the expression of the palmitoyltransferase ZDHHC18 was significantly elevated in unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and folic acid (FA)-induced renal fibrosis mouse models, and was significantly upregulated in the fibrotic kidneys of chronic kidney disease patients. Functionally, tubule-specific deletion of ZDHHC18 attenuated tubular epithelial cells partial epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), then reduced production of profibrotic cytokine and alleviates tubulointerstitial fibrosis. In contrast, ZDHHC18 overexpression exacerbated progressive renal fibrosis. Mechanistically, ZDHHC18 catalyzed the palmitoylation of HRAS, which is pivotal for its translocation to the plasma membrane and subsequent activation. HRAS palmitoylation promoted downstream phosphorylation of MEK/ERK and further activated RREB1, enhancing SMAD binding to the Snai1 cis-regulatory regions. Taken together, our findings suggest that ZDHHC18 plays a crucial role in renal fibrogenesis and presents a potential therapeutic target for combating kidney fibrosis.

{"title":"ZDHHC18 promotes renal fibrosis development by regulating HRAS palmitoylation.","authors":"Di Lu, Gulibositan Aji, Guanyu Li, Yue Li, Wenlin Fang, Shuai Zhang, Ruiqi Yu, Sheng Jiang, Xia Gao, Yuhang Jiang, Qi Wang","doi":"10.1172/JCI180242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI180242","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fibrosis is the final common pathway leading to end stage chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the function of protein palmitoylation in renal fibrosis and underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we observed that the expression of the palmitoyltransferase ZDHHC18 was significantly elevated in unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and folic acid (FA)-induced renal fibrosis mouse models, and was significantly upregulated in the fibrotic kidneys of chronic kidney disease patients. Functionally, tubule-specific deletion of ZDHHC18 attenuated tubular epithelial cells partial epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), then reduced production of profibrotic cytokine and alleviates tubulointerstitial fibrosis. In contrast, ZDHHC18 overexpression exacerbated progressive renal fibrosis. Mechanistically, ZDHHC18 catalyzed the palmitoylation of HRAS, which is pivotal for its translocation to the plasma membrane and subsequent activation. HRAS palmitoylation promoted downstream phosphorylation of MEK/ERK and further activated RREB1, enhancing SMAD binding to the Snai1 cis-regulatory regions. Taken together, our findings suggest that ZDHHC18 plays a crucial role in renal fibrogenesis and presents a potential therapeutic target for combating kidney fibrosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":15469,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Investigation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143364814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
KRAS Mutants Confer Platinum Resistance by Regulating ALKBH5 Post-translational Modifications in Lung Cancer.
IF 13.3 1区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2025-02-04 DOI: 10.1172/JCI185149
Fang Yu, Shikan Zheng, Chunjie Yu, Sanhui Gao, Zuqi Shen, Rukiye Nar, Zhexin Liu, Shuang Huang, Lizi Wu, Tongjun Gu, Zhijian Qian

Constitutively active mutations of KRAS are prevalent in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the relationship between these mutations and resistance to platinum-based chemotherapy and the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. In this study, we demonstrated that KRAS mutants confer resistance to platinum in NSCLC. Mechanistically, KRAS mutants mediate platinum resistance in NSCLC cells by activating ERK/JNK signaling, which inhibits ALKBH5 m6A demethylase activity by regulating post-translational modifications (PTMs) of ALKBH5. Consequently, the KRAS mutant leads to a global increase in m6A methylation of mRNAs, particularly DDB2 and XPC, which are essential for nucleotide excision repair. This methylation stabilized the mRNA of these two genes, thus enhancing NSCLC cells' ability to repair platinum-induced DNA damage and avoid apoptosis, thereby contributing to drug resistance. Furthermore, blocking KRAS-mutant-induced m6A methylation, either by overexpressing a SUMOylation-deficient mutant of ALKBH5, or by inhibiting METTL3 pharmacologically, significantly sensitizes KRAS-mutant NSCLC cells to platinum drugs in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, our study uncovers a previously unrecognized mechanism that mediates KRAS mutant-induced chemoresistance in NSCLC cells by activating DNA repair through the modulation of the ERK/JNK/ALKBH5 PTMs-induced m6A modification in DNA damage repair-related genes.

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引用次数: 0
5-HT orchestrates Histone Serotonylation and Citrullination to Drive Neutrophil Extracellular Traps and Liver Metastasis.
IF 13.3 1区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2025-02-04 DOI: 10.1172/JCI183544
Kaiyuan Liu, Yingchao Zhang, Genyu Du, Xinyu Chen, Lingling Xiao, Luyao Jiang, Na Jing, Penghui Xu, Chaoxian Zhao, Yiyun Liu, Huifang Zhao, Yujiao Sun, Jinming Wang, Chaping Cheng, Deng Wang, Jiahua Pan, Wei Xue, Pengcheng Zhang, Zhi-Gang Zhang, Wei-Qiang Gao, Shu-Heng Jiang, Kai Zhang, Helen He Zhu

Serotonin (5-HT) is a neurotransmitter that has been linked to tumorigenesis. Whether and how 5-HT modulates cells in the microenvironment to regulate tumor metastasis remains to be largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that 5-HT is secreted by neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) cells to communicate with neutrophils and to induce neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in the liver, which in turn facilitates the recruitment of disseminated cancer cells and promotes liver metastasis. 5-HT induces histone serotonylation (H3Q5ser) and orchestrates histone citrullination (H3cit) in neutrophils to trigger chromatin decondensation and facilitate the formation of NETs. Interestingly, we uncover in this process a reciprocally reinforcing effect between H3Q5ser and H3cit and a crosstalk between the respective writers TGM2 and PAD4. Genetic ablation or pharmacological targeting of TGM2, or inhibiting 5-HT transporter (SERT) with the FDA-approved antidepressant drug fluoxetine reduces H3Q5ser and H3cit modifications, suppresses NETs formation, and effectively inhibits NEPC, small cell lung cancer, and thyroid medullary cancer liver metastasis. Collectively, the 5-HT-triggered NETs production highlights a new targetable neurotransmitter-immune axis in driving liver metastasis of neuroendocrine cancers.

羟色胺(5-HT)是一种与肿瘤发生有关的神经递质。5-羟色胺是否以及如何调节微环境中的细胞以调控肿瘤转移在很大程度上仍是未知数。在这里,我们证明了神经内分泌性前列腺癌(NEPC)细胞分泌 5-HT 与中性粒细胞沟通并诱导肝脏中的中性粒细胞胞外陷阱(NET),这反过来又促进了扩散癌细胞的募集并促进肝脏转移。5-HT 在中性粒细胞中诱导组蛋白血清素化(H3Q5ser)并协调组蛋白瓜氨酸化(H3cit),从而引发染色质解聚并促进 NET 的形成。有趣的是,我们在这一过程中发现了 H3Q5ser 和 H3cit 之间的相互促进作用,以及各自的撰写者 TGM2 和 PAD4 之间的相互影响。基因消融或药物靶向TGM2,或用FDA批准的抗抑郁药物氟西汀抑制5-HT转运体(SERT),可减少H3Q5ser和H3cit的修饰,抑制NETs的形成,并有效抑制NEPC、小细胞肺癌和甲状腺髓样癌的肝转移。总之,5-羟色胺触发的NETs生成凸显了神经递质-免疫轴在驱动神经内分泌癌症肝转移中的新靶点。
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引用次数: 0
A deafness-blindness syndrome results from ATF6-based disruption of the unfolded protein response.
IF 13.3 1区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI: 10.1172/JCI188708
Yuvraj Joshi, Jeffrey N Savas

Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is the most prevalent form of permanent hearing impairment, arising from factors such as aging, exposure to loud noise, disease, ototoxic medications, and genetic mutations. Despite extensive research, effective treatments or cures for SNHL remain elusive. In this issue of the JCI, Lee et al. reveal a link between mutations in ATF6 and SNHL in patients with achromatopsia. The study also shows that Atf6-deficient (Atf6-/-) mice exhibit disorganized stereocilia and age-related loss of outer hair cells. Additionally, the researchers show that Atf6 is critical for cochlear hair cell function. Mice lacking Atf6 expression experienced ER stress, which ultimately led to SNHL. Collectively, these findings enhance our understanding of the emerging role of protein homeostasis and ER stress in the pathogenesis of SNHL.

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引用次数: 0
HMGA1 is a crucial mediator of colon tumorigenesis driven by the loss of APC.
IF 13.3 1区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI: 10.1172/JCI187442
Yuxiang Wang, Mikayla Ybarra, Zhenghe Wang

Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in the United States. The adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) pathway plays a critical role in colorectal tumorigenesis, but the mechanism is not fully understood. In this issue of the JCI, Luo and colleagues used genetically engineered mouse models to show that high mobility group A (HMGA1) is a critical mediator in the development of colon tumors driven by the loss of the Apc gene. HMGA1 activated the transcription of Achaete-Scute Family BHLH Transcription Factor 2 (ASCL2), which regulated intestinal stemness and promoted colon tumorigenesis.

{"title":"HMGA1 is a crucial mediator of colon tumorigenesis driven by the loss of APC.","authors":"Yuxiang Wang, Mikayla Ybarra, Zhenghe Wang","doi":"10.1172/JCI187442","DOIUrl":"10.1172/JCI187442","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in the United States. The adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) pathway plays a critical role in colorectal tumorigenesis, but the mechanism is not fully understood. In this issue of the JCI, Luo and colleagues used genetically engineered mouse models to show that high mobility group A (HMGA1) is a critical mediator in the development of colon tumors driven by the loss of the Apc gene. HMGA1 activated the transcription of Achaete-Scute Family BHLH Transcription Factor 2 (ASCL2), which regulated intestinal stemness and promoted colon tumorigenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":15469,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Investigation","volume":"135 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11785912/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143080183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fusobacterium nucleatum promotes colorectal cancer through neogenesis of tumor stem cells. 核梭杆菌通过肿瘤干细胞的新生促进结直肠癌。
IF 13.3 1区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI: 10.1172/JCI181595
Qinying Wang, Tingting Hu, Qinyuan Zhang, Yichi Zhang, Xiaoxu Dong, Yutao Jin, Jinming Li, Yangyang Guo, Fanying Guo, Ziying Chen, Peijie Zhong, Yongzhi Yang, Yanlei Ma

Intestinal stem cells are crucial for maintaining intestinal homeostasis, yet their transformation into tumor stem cells in the context of microbial infection remains poorly understood. Fusobacterium nucleatum is frequently associated with the onset and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). In this study, we uncovered that F. nucleatum colonized the depths of gut crypts in both patients with CRC and mouse models. Through single-cell sequencing analysis, we demonstrated that F. nucleatum infection reprogrammed crypt cells and activated lymphocyte antigen 6 complex, locus A+ ( LY6A+, also known as stem cell antigen 1 [Sca-1]) revival stem cells (RSCs), promoting their hyperproliferation and subsequent transformation into tumor stem cells, which accelerated intestinal carcinogenesis. Mechanistically, we identified LY6A as a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored (GPI-anchored) membrane receptor for F. nucleatum. Upon binding, F. nucleatum induced the upregulation of ribosomal protein S14 (RPS14) via the LY6A receptor, driving RSC hyperactivity and tumorigenic conversion. Functional studies showed that genetic ablation of Ly6a in intestinal epithelial cells or Rps14 in LY6A+ RSCs substantially reduced F. nucleatum colonization and tumorigenesis. Moreover, analysis of clinical CRC cohorts revealed a strong correlation between F. nucleatum infection, RSC expansion, and elevated RPS14 expression in tumor tissues. These findings highlight an alternative F. nucleatum/LY6A/RPS14 signaling axis as a critical driver of CRC progression and propose potential therapeutic targets for effective CRC intervention.

肠道干细胞对于维持肠道内稳态至关重要,但它们在微生物感染背景下转化为肿瘤干细胞的过程仍然知之甚少。具核梭杆菌(F. nucleatum)经常与结直肠癌(CRC)的发生和进展有关。在这项研究中,我们发现核梭菌在人类CRC患者和小鼠模型的肠道隐窝深处定殖。通过单细胞测序分析,我们证明了F. nucleatum感染对隐窝细胞进行了重编程,激活了LY6A+再生干细胞(RSCs),促进了它们的过度增殖并随后转化为肿瘤干细胞,从而加速了肠道癌变。在机制上,我们鉴定出LY6A是核梭菌的gpi锚定膜受体。结合后,F. nucleatum通过LY6A受体诱导RPS14上调,驱动RSC过度活跃和致瘤性转化。功能研究表明,基因消融肠上皮细胞中的Ly6a或Ly6a + RSCs中的Rps14可显著减少核梭菌的定植和肿瘤发生。此外,临床CRC队列分析显示,具核梭菌感染、RSC扩增和肿瘤组织中RPS14表达升高之间存在很强的相关性。这些发现强调了另一种F. nucleatum-LY6A-RPS14信号轴是CRC进展的关键驱动因素,并提出了有效干预CRC的潜在治疗靶点。
{"title":"Fusobacterium nucleatum promotes colorectal cancer through neogenesis of tumor stem cells.","authors":"Qinying Wang, Tingting Hu, Qinyuan Zhang, Yichi Zhang, Xiaoxu Dong, Yutao Jin, Jinming Li, Yangyang Guo, Fanying Guo, Ziying Chen, Peijie Zhong, Yongzhi Yang, Yanlei Ma","doi":"10.1172/JCI181595","DOIUrl":"10.1172/JCI181595","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intestinal stem cells are crucial for maintaining intestinal homeostasis, yet their transformation into tumor stem cells in the context of microbial infection remains poorly understood. Fusobacterium nucleatum is frequently associated with the onset and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). In this study, we uncovered that F. nucleatum colonized the depths of gut crypts in both patients with CRC and mouse models. Through single-cell sequencing analysis, we demonstrated that F. nucleatum infection reprogrammed crypt cells and activated lymphocyte antigen 6 complex, locus A+ ( LY6A+, also known as stem cell antigen 1 [Sca-1]) revival stem cells (RSCs), promoting their hyperproliferation and subsequent transformation into tumor stem cells, which accelerated intestinal carcinogenesis. Mechanistically, we identified LY6A as a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored (GPI-anchored) membrane receptor for F. nucleatum. Upon binding, F. nucleatum induced the upregulation of ribosomal protein S14 (RPS14) via the LY6A receptor, driving RSC hyperactivity and tumorigenic conversion. Functional studies showed that genetic ablation of Ly6a in intestinal epithelial cells or Rps14 in LY6A+ RSCs substantially reduced F. nucleatum colonization and tumorigenesis. Moreover, analysis of clinical CRC cohorts revealed a strong correlation between F. nucleatum infection, RSC expansion, and elevated RPS14 expression in tumor tissues. These findings highlight an alternative F. nucleatum/LY6A/RPS14 signaling axis as a critical driver of CRC progression and propose potential therapeutic targets for effective CRC intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":15469,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Investigation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11785920/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142801034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Translational regulation of SND1 governs endothelial homeostasis during stress.
IF 13.3 1区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI: 10.1172/JCI168730
Zhenbo Han, Gege Yan, Jordan Jousma, Sarath Babu Nukala, Mehdi Amiri, Stephen Kiniry, Negar Tabatabaei, Youjeong Kwon, Sen Zhang, Jalees Rehman, Sandra Pinho, Sang-Bing Ong, Pavel V Baranov, Soroush Tahmasebi, Sang-Ging Ong

Translational control shapes the proteome and is particularly important in regulating gene expression under stress. A key source of endothelial stress is treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), which lowers cancer mortality but increases cardiovascular mortality. Using a human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived endothelial cell (hiPSC-EC) model of sunitinib-induced vascular dysfunction combined with ribosome profiling, we assessed the role of translational control in hiPSC-ECs in response to stress. We identified staphylococcal nuclease and tudor domain-containing protein 1 (SND1) as a sunitinib-dependent translationally repressed gene. SND1 translational repression was mediated by the mTORC1/4E-BP1 pathway. SND1 inhibition led to endothelial dysfunction, whereas SND1 OE protected against sunitinib-induced endothelial dysfunction. Mechanistically, SND1 transcriptionally regulated UBE2N, an E2-conjugating enzyme that mediates K63-linked ubiquitination. UBE2N along with the E3 ligases RNF8 and RNF168 regulated the DNA damage repair response pathway to mitigate the deleterious effects of sunitinib. In silico analysis of FDA-approved drugs led to the identification of an ACE inhibitor, ramipril, that protected against sunitinib-induced vascular dysfunction in vitro and in vivo, all while preserving the efficacy of cancer therapy. Our study established a central role for translational control of SND1 in sunitinib-induced endothelial dysfunction that could potentially be therapeutically targeted to reduce sunitinib-induced vascular toxicity.

{"title":"Translational regulation of SND1 governs endothelial homeostasis during stress.","authors":"Zhenbo Han, Gege Yan, Jordan Jousma, Sarath Babu Nukala, Mehdi Amiri, Stephen Kiniry, Negar Tabatabaei, Youjeong Kwon, Sen Zhang, Jalees Rehman, Sandra Pinho, Sang-Bing Ong, Pavel V Baranov, Soroush Tahmasebi, Sang-Ging Ong","doi":"10.1172/JCI168730","DOIUrl":"10.1172/JCI168730","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Translational control shapes the proteome and is particularly important in regulating gene expression under stress. A key source of endothelial stress is treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), which lowers cancer mortality but increases cardiovascular mortality. Using a human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived endothelial cell (hiPSC-EC) model of sunitinib-induced vascular dysfunction combined with ribosome profiling, we assessed the role of translational control in hiPSC-ECs in response to stress. We identified staphylococcal nuclease and tudor domain-containing protein 1 (SND1) as a sunitinib-dependent translationally repressed gene. SND1 translational repression was mediated by the mTORC1/4E-BP1 pathway. SND1 inhibition led to endothelial dysfunction, whereas SND1 OE protected against sunitinib-induced endothelial dysfunction. Mechanistically, SND1 transcriptionally regulated UBE2N, an E2-conjugating enzyme that mediates K63-linked ubiquitination. UBE2N along with the E3 ligases RNF8 and RNF168 regulated the DNA damage repair response pathway to mitigate the deleterious effects of sunitinib. In silico analysis of FDA-approved drugs led to the identification of an ACE inhibitor, ramipril, that protected against sunitinib-induced vascular dysfunction in vitro and in vivo, all while preserving the efficacy of cancer therapy. Our study established a central role for translational control of SND1 in sunitinib-induced endothelial dysfunction that could potentially be therapeutically targeted to reduce sunitinib-induced vascular toxicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":15469,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Investigation","volume":"135 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11785924/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143080197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG induces STING-dependent IL-10 in intestinal monocytes and alleviates inflammatory colitis in mice.
IF 13.3 1区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI: 10.1172/JCI174910
Wei Si, Xin Zhao, Ruitong Li, Yaopeng Li, Cui Ma, Xiaohan Zhao, Jason Bugno, Yuchang Qin, Junmin Zhang, Hongwei Liu, Liangliang Wang

Preclinical and clinical observations indicate that the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) can modulate colonic inflammation. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been explored in depth. Here, we demonstrate that oral administration of live LGG alleviated inflammatory colitis by increasing IL-10 expression in intestinal Ly6C+ monocytes. Mechanistically, LGG induced IL-10 production via the stimulator of IFN genes (STING)/TBK1/NF-κB (RELA) signaling pathway in intestinal Ly6C+ monocytes, enhancing their immune-suppressive function. Elevated IL-10 subsequently activated IL-10 signaling in Ly6C+ monocytes, resulting in an IL-10-based autocrine regulatory loop and inhibition of proinflammatory cytokine production. Furthermore, LGG shifted the gut microbial community and its metabolic functions, leading to intestinal immune responses against colitis. Fecal microbiota transplantation from LGG-colonized mice alleviated immune checkpoint blockade-associated colitis. Our findings highlight the importance of STING signaling in IL-10-dependent antiinflammatory immunity and establish an empirical basis for developing oral administration of live LGG as an efficient and safe therapeutic strategy against inflammatory colitis.

{"title":"Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG induces STING-dependent IL-10 in intestinal monocytes and alleviates inflammatory colitis in mice.","authors":"Wei Si, Xin Zhao, Ruitong Li, Yaopeng Li, Cui Ma, Xiaohan Zhao, Jason Bugno, Yuchang Qin, Junmin Zhang, Hongwei Liu, Liangliang Wang","doi":"10.1172/JCI174910","DOIUrl":"10.1172/JCI174910","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Preclinical and clinical observations indicate that the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) can modulate colonic inflammation. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been explored in depth. Here, we demonstrate that oral administration of live LGG alleviated inflammatory colitis by increasing IL-10 expression in intestinal Ly6C+ monocytes. Mechanistically, LGG induced IL-10 production via the stimulator of IFN genes (STING)/TBK1/NF-κB (RELA) signaling pathway in intestinal Ly6C+ monocytes, enhancing their immune-suppressive function. Elevated IL-10 subsequently activated IL-10 signaling in Ly6C+ monocytes, resulting in an IL-10-based autocrine regulatory loop and inhibition of proinflammatory cytokine production. Furthermore, LGG shifted the gut microbial community and its metabolic functions, leading to intestinal immune responses against colitis. Fecal microbiota transplantation from LGG-colonized mice alleviated immune checkpoint blockade-associated colitis. Our findings highlight the importance of STING signaling in IL-10-dependent antiinflammatory immunity and establish an empirical basis for developing oral administration of live LGG as an efficient and safe therapeutic strategy against inflammatory colitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":15469,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Investigation","volume":"135 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11785918/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143080186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The gut microbiome and cancer response to immune checkpoint inhibitors.
IF 13.3 1区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI: 10.1172/JCI184321
Francesca S Gazzaniga, Dennis L Kasper

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are widely used for cancer immunotherapy, yet only a fraction of patients respond. Remarkably, gut bacteria impact the efficacy of ICIs in fighting tumors outside of the gut. Certain strains of commensal gut bacteria promote antitumor responses to ICIs in a variety of preclinical mouse tumor models. Patients with cancer who respond to ICIs have a different microbiome compared with that of patients who don't respond. Fecal microbiota transplants (FMTs) from patients into mice phenocopy the patient tumor responses: FMTs from responders promote response to ICIs, whereas FMTs from nonresponders do not promote a response. In patients, FMTs from patients who have had a complete response to ICIs can overcome resistance in patients who progress on treatment. However, the responses to FMTs are variable. Though emerging studies indicate that gut bacteria can promote antitumor immunity in the absence of ICIs, this Review will focus on studies that demonstrate relationships between the gut microbiome and response to ICIs. We will explore studies investigating which bacteria promote response to ICIs in preclinical models, which bacteria are associated with response in patients with cancer receiving ICIs, the mechanisms by which gut bacteria promote antitumor immunity, and how microbiome-based therapies can be translated to the clinic.

{"title":"The gut microbiome and cancer response to immune checkpoint inhibitors.","authors":"Francesca S Gazzaniga, Dennis L Kasper","doi":"10.1172/JCI184321","DOIUrl":"10.1172/JCI184321","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are widely used for cancer immunotherapy, yet only a fraction of patients respond. Remarkably, gut bacteria impact the efficacy of ICIs in fighting tumors outside of the gut. Certain strains of commensal gut bacteria promote antitumor responses to ICIs in a variety of preclinical mouse tumor models. Patients with cancer who respond to ICIs have a different microbiome compared with that of patients who don't respond. Fecal microbiota transplants (FMTs) from patients into mice phenocopy the patient tumor responses: FMTs from responders promote response to ICIs, whereas FMTs from nonresponders do not promote a response. In patients, FMTs from patients who have had a complete response to ICIs can overcome resistance in patients who progress on treatment. However, the responses to FMTs are variable. Though emerging studies indicate that gut bacteria can promote antitumor immunity in the absence of ICIs, this Review will focus on studies that demonstrate relationships between the gut microbiome and response to ICIs. We will explore studies investigating which bacteria promote response to ICIs in preclinical models, which bacteria are associated with response in patients with cancer receiving ICIs, the mechanisms by which gut bacteria promote antitumor immunity, and how microbiome-based therapies can be translated to the clinic.</p>","PeriodicalId":15469,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Investigation","volume":"135 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11785914/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143080192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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Journal of Clinical Investigation
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