Pub Date : 2016-11-14DOI: 10.1109/PESGM.2016.7741300
M. Rahman, Lie Xu, L. Yao
This paper investigates DC network partition and alternative DC fault protection strategy for Multi-terminal HVDC (MTDC) system. Fast acting DC Circuit Breakers (DCCBs) or fault blocking DC-DC converters can be configured at strategic locations to allow the entire MTDC system to be operated interconnected but partitioned into islanded DC network zones following faults. In case of any DC fault event, the DCCBs or DC-DC converters at the strategic cable connections that link the different DC network partitions are opened or blocked such that the faulty DC network zone is quickly isolated from the remaining of the MTDC system. Thus, the healthy DC network zone can remain operational or recover quickly to restore power transmission. Each DC network zone can be protected using AC circuit breakers and DC switches for cost reduction. The validity of the proposed protection strategy is confirmed using MATLAB/SIMULINK simulations.
{"title":"DC fault protection strategy considering DC network partition","authors":"M. Rahman, Lie Xu, L. Yao","doi":"10.1109/PESGM.2016.7741300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESGM.2016.7741300","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates DC network partition and alternative DC fault protection strategy for Multi-terminal HVDC (MTDC) system. Fast acting DC Circuit Breakers (DCCBs) or fault blocking DC-DC converters can be configured at strategic locations to allow the entire MTDC system to be operated interconnected but partitioned into islanded DC network zones following faults. In case of any DC fault event, the DCCBs or DC-DC converters at the strategic cable connections that link the different DC network partitions are opened or blocked such that the faulty DC network zone is quickly isolated from the remaining of the MTDC system. Thus, the healthy DC network zone can remain operational or recover quickly to restore power transmission. Each DC network zone can be protected using AC circuit breakers and DC switches for cost reduction. The validity of the proposed protection strategy is confirmed using MATLAB/SIMULINK simulations.","PeriodicalId":155315,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130397242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-11-14DOI: 10.1109/PESGM.2016.7741761
Mats-Robin Jacobsen, D. Laverty, R. Best
This paper presents the results from a laboratory experiment of a single machine islanded area operated as a synchronous island. The paper also presents how this was realized as well as explaining the control theory that was utilized. The methodology given in this paper serves as a platform on which multi-machine islanding will be based. The laboratory setup consist of a generator model realized by a DC machine coupled with a synchronous machine rated at 5 kVA / 4 kW nominal. The generator is coupled with a load bank rated 5 kW nominal. The laboratory experiment consist of the generator coupled with the load bank. The island controller is implemented with Python code running on a Raspberry Pi.
{"title":"A laboratory experiment of single machine synchronous islanding using PMUs and Raspberry Pi — A platform for multi-machine islanding","authors":"Mats-Robin Jacobsen, D. Laverty, R. Best","doi":"10.1109/PESGM.2016.7741761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESGM.2016.7741761","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the results from a laboratory experiment of a single machine islanded area operated as a synchronous island. The paper also presents how this was realized as well as explaining the control theory that was utilized. The methodology given in this paper serves as a platform on which multi-machine islanding will be based. The laboratory setup consist of a generator model realized by a DC machine coupled with a synchronous machine rated at 5 kVA / 4 kW nominal. The generator is coupled with a load bank rated 5 kW nominal. The laboratory experiment consist of the generator coupled with the load bank. The island controller is implemented with Python code running on a Raspberry Pi.","PeriodicalId":155315,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM)","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116582307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-11-14DOI: 10.1109/PESGM.2016.7741970
I. Martinez-Sanz, B. Chaudhuri, A. Junyent-Ferré, V. Trovato, G. Strbac
Two major sources of rapid frequency response (RFR) to counter the reducing system inertia problem of the Great Britain (GB) system are “synthetic inertia” from wind turbines and fast demand response (FDR). In this paper, we consider a future low inertia scenario to show the effectiveness of RFR provision from the large offshore wind farms (OWFs) planned in the North Sea (concentrated response) against FDR from loads spread across the GB system (distributed response). The spatial variation in transient frequencies, which can be pronounced in the aftermath of a disturbance and is critical for the response activation of these actuators, is accounted. Case studies using a reduced GB system model show the effectiveness of distributed FDR and concentrated support from OWFs in providing RFR when disturbances occur in different areas of the system where different inertia levels are present.
{"title":"Distributed vs. concentrated rapid frequency response provision in future great britain system","authors":"I. Martinez-Sanz, B. Chaudhuri, A. Junyent-Ferré, V. Trovato, G. Strbac","doi":"10.1109/PESGM.2016.7741970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESGM.2016.7741970","url":null,"abstract":"Two major sources of rapid frequency response (RFR) to counter the reducing system inertia problem of the Great Britain (GB) system are “synthetic inertia” from wind turbines and fast demand response (FDR). In this paper, we consider a future low inertia scenario to show the effectiveness of RFR provision from the large offshore wind farms (OWFs) planned in the North Sea (concentrated response) against FDR from loads spread across the GB system (distributed response). The spatial variation in transient frequencies, which can be pronounced in the aftermath of a disturbance and is critical for the response activation of these actuators, is accounted. Case studies using a reduced GB system model show the effectiveness of distributed FDR and concentrated support from OWFs in providing RFR when disturbances occur in different areas of the system where different inertia levels are present.","PeriodicalId":155315,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM)","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117010488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-11-14DOI: 10.1109/PESGM.2016.7741343
Rafiullah Khan, K. Mclaughlin, D. Laverty, S. Sezer
ICT in smart grid provides enormous opportunities for real-time and wide-area grid monitoring, protection and control. To this aim, synchrophasor technology was proposed for reliable and secure transmission of grid status information. IEEE C37.118 and IEC 61850-90-5 emerged as two well known communication frameworks for synchrophasor technology. However, literature lacks a comprehensive analysis of some key features and limitations. Further, knowledge of cyber vulnerabilities in both communication frameworks is still quite limited. This paper analyzes characteristics of both communication frameworks inferred from their complete implementation. In particular, it addresses their embedded features, required network characteristics/resources and their resilience against cyber attacks.
{"title":"Analysis of IEEE C37.118 and IEC 61850-90-5 synchrophasor communication frameworks","authors":"Rafiullah Khan, K. Mclaughlin, D. Laverty, S. Sezer","doi":"10.1109/PESGM.2016.7741343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESGM.2016.7741343","url":null,"abstract":"ICT in smart grid provides enormous opportunities for real-time and wide-area grid monitoring, protection and control. To this aim, synchrophasor technology was proposed for reliable and secure transmission of grid status information. IEEE C37.118 and IEC 61850-90-5 emerged as two well known communication frameworks for synchrophasor technology. However, literature lacks a comprehensive analysis of some key features and limitations. Further, knowledge of cyber vulnerabilities in both communication frameworks is still quite limited. This paper analyzes characteristics of both communication frameworks inferred from their complete implementation. In particular, it addresses their embedded features, required network characteristics/resources and their resilience against cyber attacks.","PeriodicalId":155315,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM)","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126795446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-11-14DOI: 10.1109/PESGM.2016.7741361
J. Dowell, G. Hawker, K. Bell, S. Gill
In this paper we examine potential improvements in how load and generation forecast uncertainty is captured when setting reserve levels in power systems with significant renewable generation penetration and discuss the merit of proposed new methods in this area. One important difference between methods is whether reserves are defined based on the marginal distribution of forecast errors, as calculated from historic data, or whether the conditional distribution, specific to the time at which reserves are being scheduled, is used. This paper is a review of published current practice in markets which are at the leading edge of this problem, summarizing their experiences, and aligning it with academic modeling work. We conclude that the ultimate goal for all markets expected to manage high levels of renewable generation should be a reserve setting mechanism which utilizes the best understanding of meteorological uncertainties combined with traditional models of uncertainty arising from forced outages.
{"title":"A Review of probabilistic methods for defining reserve requirements","authors":"J. Dowell, G. Hawker, K. Bell, S. Gill","doi":"10.1109/PESGM.2016.7741361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESGM.2016.7741361","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we examine potential improvements in how load and generation forecast uncertainty is captured when setting reserve levels in power systems with significant renewable generation penetration and discuss the merit of proposed new methods in this area. One important difference between methods is whether reserves are defined based on the marginal distribution of forecast errors, as calculated from historic data, or whether the conditional distribution, specific to the time at which reserves are being scheduled, is used. This paper is a review of published current practice in markets which are at the leading edge of this problem, summarizing their experiences, and aligning it with academic modeling work. We conclude that the ultimate goal for all markets expected to manage high levels of renewable generation should be a reserve setting mechanism which utilizes the best understanding of meteorological uncertainties combined with traditional models of uncertainty arising from forced outages.","PeriodicalId":155315,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM)","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126951545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-11-10DOI: 10.1109/PESGM.2016.7741811
H. Bae, T. Tsuji, T. Oyama, K. Uchida
In power systems with a large amount of renewable energy sources, the frequency management is an important issue. In particular, the uncertain output fluctuation depending on weather condition has a large impact on supply and demand balance. On the other hand, under deregulation in the electric power industry, the utilization of power market will be more important to deal with their uncertain output. However, when the renewable energy integration is realized with many new players under the deregulation, the power flow management becomes more complex. Hence, in order to keep the power flow profile within a certain allowable range, we have proposed frequency regulation method by applying renewable energy curtailment, and also we take into account congestion management in the transmission network based on price signals. The proposed method was tested in IEEE 39 bus system and its effectiveness was shown.
{"title":"Frequency regulation method with congestion management using renewable energy curtailment","authors":"H. Bae, T. Tsuji, T. Oyama, K. Uchida","doi":"10.1109/PESGM.2016.7741811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESGM.2016.7741811","url":null,"abstract":"In power systems with a large amount of renewable energy sources, the frequency management is an important issue. In particular, the uncertain output fluctuation depending on weather condition has a large impact on supply and demand balance. On the other hand, under deregulation in the electric power industry, the utilization of power market will be more important to deal with their uncertain output. However, when the renewable energy integration is realized with many new players under the deregulation, the power flow management becomes more complex. Hence, in order to keep the power flow profile within a certain allowable range, we have proposed frequency regulation method by applying renewable energy curtailment, and also we take into account congestion management in the transmission network based on price signals. The proposed method was tested in IEEE 39 bus system and its effectiveness was shown.","PeriodicalId":155315,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130150412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-11-10DOI: 10.1109/PESGM.2016.7741651
P. Papadopoulos, A. Adrees, J. Milanović
A probabilistic approach to assess the transient stability of power systems with increased penetration of wind and Photo-Voltaic generation is presented in this paper. The impact on transient stability due to the intermittent behavior of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) as well as due to their dynamic response when a disturbance happens is investigated. Moreover, the effect of conventional generation disconnection and consequently inertia reduction is studied. Apart from calculating transient stability related indices, a clustering technique is also applied to provide more information considering the impact of DERs and conventional generation disconnection on transient stability.
{"title":"Probabilistic assessment of transient stability in reduced inertia systems","authors":"P. Papadopoulos, A. Adrees, J. Milanović","doi":"10.1109/PESGM.2016.7741651","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESGM.2016.7741651","url":null,"abstract":"A probabilistic approach to assess the transient stability of power systems with increased penetration of wind and Photo-Voltaic generation is presented in this paper. The impact on transient stability due to the intermittent behavior of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) as well as due to their dynamic response when a disturbance happens is investigated. Moreover, the effect of conventional generation disconnection and consequently inertia reduction is studied. Apart from calculating transient stability related indices, a clustering technique is also applied to provide more information considering the impact of DERs and conventional generation disconnection on transient stability.","PeriodicalId":155315,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126126970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-11-10DOI: 10.1109/PESGM.2016.7741695
A. Adrees, P. Papadopoulos, J. Milanović
This paper presents a framework to analyze the impact of different penetration levels of renewable generation sources (RES) and consequent reduction in inertia on grid frequency. The developed methodology is demonstrated using three operating conditions of the network. For each operating condition, the decrease in the network loading is balanced by disconnecting a part of synchronous generation. To establish the critical penetration levels of renewables and inertia limits for the grid frequency, the uncertainty of loads, intermittent and stochastic patterns of RES generation around each operating condition are simulated. The results clearly identify the critical penetration levels of RES and reduction in inertia limits of the system for frequency stability. In addition, the performed analysis quantifies the effect of primary frequency response and reduction in inertia on frequency nadir. The proposed framework is applied to the modified 16 machine and 68 bus network.
{"title":"A framework to assess the effect of reduction in inertia on system frequency response","authors":"A. Adrees, P. Papadopoulos, J. Milanović","doi":"10.1109/PESGM.2016.7741695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESGM.2016.7741695","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a framework to analyze the impact of different penetration levels of renewable generation sources (RES) and consequent reduction in inertia on grid frequency. The developed methodology is demonstrated using three operating conditions of the network. For each operating condition, the decrease in the network loading is balanced by disconnecting a part of synchronous generation. To establish the critical penetration levels of renewables and inertia limits for the grid frequency, the uncertainty of loads, intermittent and stochastic patterns of RES generation around each operating condition are simulated. The results clearly identify the critical penetration levels of RES and reduction in inertia limits of the system for frequency stability. In addition, the performed analysis quantifies the effect of primary frequency response and reduction in inertia on frequency nadir. The proposed framework is applied to the modified 16 machine and 68 bus network.","PeriodicalId":155315,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM)","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123238102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-11-10DOI: 10.1109/PESGM.2016.7741571
Long Wang, Huan Long, Zijun Zhang, Jia Xu, Ruihua Liu
A model for monitoring the wind turbine gearbox based on Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) data is developed. A deep neural network (DNN) is trained with the data of normal gearboxes to predict its performance. The developed DNN model is next tested with data of the normal and abnormal gearboxes. The abnormal behavior of the gearbox can be detected by the statistical process control charts via the fitting error. The capacity of the monitoring model for detecting the abnormal behavior of gearbox is validated by two gearbox failure cases.
提出了一种基于SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition)数据的风电齿轮箱监测模型。利用普通齿轮箱的数据训练深度神经网络(DNN)来预测其性能。然后用正常和异常齿轮箱的数据对所建立的深度神经网络模型进行了测试。统计过程控制图可以通过拟合误差检测齿轮箱的异常行为。通过两个齿轮箱故障实例验证了该监测模型检测齿轮箱异常行为的能力。
{"title":"Wind turbine gearbox failure monitoring based on SCADA data analysis","authors":"Long Wang, Huan Long, Zijun Zhang, Jia Xu, Ruihua Liu","doi":"10.1109/PESGM.2016.7741571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESGM.2016.7741571","url":null,"abstract":"A model for monitoring the wind turbine gearbox based on Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) data is developed. A deep neural network (DNN) is trained with the data of normal gearboxes to predict its performance. The developed DNN model is next tested with data of the normal and abnormal gearboxes. The abnormal behavior of the gearbox can be detected by the statistical process control charts via the fitting error. The capacity of the monitoring model for detecting the abnormal behavior of gearbox is validated by two gearbox failure cases.","PeriodicalId":155315,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM)","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121048192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-11-10DOI: 10.1109/PESGM.2016.7741953
Songjian Chai, Ming Niu, Zhao Xu, L. Lai, K. Wong
The high penetration of solar PV generations brings about significant challenges for decision-makers of power system operation due to high volatility and uncertainty it involves. In recent years, it has been demonstrated by many researchers that the probabilistic interval forecast could significantly facilitate some decision-making cases, such as storage optimization, market bidding, reserves setting, as it can provide the uncertainty information associated with the point estimations. This paper proposes a nonparametric conditional interval forecast method for PV power generation which can capture the interdependence among the real power output and their point forecasts within all forecasting horizons of interests. The proposed model is tested using the dataset of PV generation power measurements and day-ahead point forecasts in Belgium. The results based on reliability and interval score performance metrics illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed model.
{"title":"Nonparametric conditional interval forecasts for PV power generation considering the temporal dependence","authors":"Songjian Chai, Ming Niu, Zhao Xu, L. Lai, K. Wong","doi":"10.1109/PESGM.2016.7741953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESGM.2016.7741953","url":null,"abstract":"The high penetration of solar PV generations brings about significant challenges for decision-makers of power system operation due to high volatility and uncertainty it involves. In recent years, it has been demonstrated by many researchers that the probabilistic interval forecast could significantly facilitate some decision-making cases, such as storage optimization, market bidding, reserves setting, as it can provide the uncertainty information associated with the point estimations. This paper proposes a nonparametric conditional interval forecast method for PV power generation which can capture the interdependence among the real power output and their point forecasts within all forecasting horizons of interests. The proposed model is tested using the dataset of PV generation power measurements and day-ahead point forecasts in Belgium. The results based on reliability and interval score performance metrics illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed model.","PeriodicalId":155315,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116103449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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