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Leveraging Digital Advertising Platforms for Consumer Research 利用数字广告平台开展消费者研究
IF 7.2 1区 管理学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.1093/jcr/ucad058
Michael Braun, Bart de Langhe, Stefano Puntoni, Eric M Schwartz
Digital advertising platforms have emerged as a widely utilized data source in consumer research; yet, the interpretation of such data remains a source of confusion for many researchers. This article aims to address this issue by offering a comprehensive and accessible review of four prominent data collection methods proposed in the marketing literature: “informal studies,” “multiple-ad studies without holdout,” “single-ad studies with holdout,” and “multiple-ad studies with holdout.” By outlining the strengths and limitations of each method, we aim to enhance understanding regarding the inferences that can and cannot be drawn from the collected data. Furthermore, we present seven recommendations to effectively leverage these tools for programmatic consumer research. These recommendations provide guidance on how to use these tools to obtain causal and non-causal evidence for the effects of marketing interventions, and the associated psychological processes, in a digital environment regulated by targeting algorithms. We also give recommendations for how to describe the testing tools and the data they generate and urge platforms to be more transparent on how these tools work.
数字广告平台已成为消费者研究中广泛使用的数据来源;然而,对这些数据的解释仍然是许多研究人员困惑的根源。本文旨在通过对营销文献中提出的四种著名数据收集方法进行全面、易懂的评述来解决这一问题:"非正式研究"、"无保留的多广告研究"、"有保留的单广告研究 "和 "有保留的多广告研究"。通过概述每种方法的优势和局限性,我们旨在加深对所收集数据的推断的理解。此外,我们还提出了七项建议,以有效利用这些工具开展消费者项目研究。这些建议指导我们如何使用这些工具来获取营销干预效果的因果和非因果证据,以及在目标算法调节的数字环境中的相关心理过程。我们还就如何描述测试工具及其生成的数据提出了建议,并敦促平台在这些工具的工作方式上更加透明。
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引用次数: 0
Unraveling Impact: Exploring Effects of Novelty in Top Consumer Research Journals 解读影响力:探索顶级消费者研究期刊的新颖性效应
IF 7.2 1区 管理学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.1093/jcr/ucad077
X. Wang, Jun Hyun (Joseph) Ryoo, Margaret C Campbell, J. J. Inman
This research studies the impact of articles appearing in the top four journals for consumer research—JCR, JMR, JM, and JCP—by examining factors that influence scholarly, public, and practical impact. This conceptually distinguishes between “incongruent novelty” (novelty arising from incongruity between an article and other existing articles) and “recombinant novelty” (novelty based on drawing from more disparate references). Incongruent novelty is decomposed into two components: (1) topic incongruity—incongruity between an article's topic and other existing topics at the time and (2) article incongruity—incongruity between an article and other existing articles on the same primary topic. By integrating topic modeling and word embedding to measure these constructs, we demonstrate varying impacts of types of novelty on three types of impact. Overall, our findings illustrate that topic and article incongruity have effects above and beyond recombinant novelty. For both scholarly and public impact, our results suggest that moderately high topic incongruity has the largest influence, suggesting that researchers should address novel topics. Additionally, scholarly citations are positively affected by lower and higher (vs. moderate) levels of article incongruity, suggesting that researchers either engage in programmatic research or add a new approach to the existing research on a topic.
本研究通过考察影响学术、公众和实际影响的因素,研究了出现在消费者研究领域四大期刊--《消费者研究》、《消费者研究期刊》、《消费者研究杂志》和《消费者研究期刊》上的文章的影响。这从概念上区分了 "不协调新颖性"(因文章与其他现有文章之间的不协调而产生的新颖性)和 "重组新颖性"(基于从更多不同参考文献中汲取营养而产生的新颖性)。不协调新颖性分为两部分:(1) 主题不一致--文章主题与当时其他已有主题之间的不一致;(2) 文章不一致--文章与同一主要主题的其他已有文章之间的不一致。通过整合主题建模和词嵌入来测量这些结构,我们证明了新颖性类型对三种影响的不同影响。总体而言,我们的研究结果表明,话题和文章不一致性的影响超出了重组新颖性的影响。对于学术影响和公众影响,我们的结果表明,中等程度的主题不一致性影响最大,这表明研究人员应该研究新颖的主题。此外,较低和较高(相对于中等水平)的文章不一致性也会对学术引用产生积极影响,这表明研究人员要么从事计划性研究,要么为某一主题的现有研究添加新方法。
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引用次数: 2
Beyond Scarcity: A Social Value-Based Lens for NFT Pricing 超越稀缺:基于社会价值的非自由贸易定价视角
IF 7.2 1区 管理学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.1093/jcr/ucad082
R. Hofstetter, M. P. Fritze, Cait Lamberton
Over the last half-century, consumer research has often depicted scarcity as a dominant factor increasing price. But should we assume that scarcity’s upward pressure on price remains intact, in a world where novel forms of digital products proliferate? In this article, we propose that blockchain-encrypted digital goods, in particular, non-fungible tokens (NFTs), offer good reason to revisit this assumption. In this context, we argue and find that social value can outweigh intrinsic value as a determinant of willingness-to-pay. As a result, when scarcity threatens access to high levels of social value, its effect on price can be negative rather than positive—an inversion of a pattern typically observed for offline collectibles. Secondary data taken from the NFT platform Opensea and a set of experimental studies support this social value-based lens. Given these findings, we propose a research agenda to ground future work in this area. We also suggest that NFTs offer a laboratory in which past theories related to social value, scarcity, and price can be reconsidered and future theories developed, hopefully allowing consumer researchers to lead knowledge development in these domains over the next 50 years.
在过去的半个世纪里,消费者研究常常将稀缺性描述为价格上涨的主导因素。但是,在一个新型数字产品层出不穷的世界里,我们是否应该认为稀缺性对价格上涨的压力依然存在?在本文中,我们提出,区块链加密数字产品,尤其是不可兑换代币(NFT),为重新审视这一假设提供了充分的理由。在这种情况下,我们认为并发现,作为支付意愿的决定因素,社会价值可能会超过内在价值。因此,当稀缺性威胁到获得高水平的社会价值时,它对价格的影响可能是负面的,而不是正面的--这与线下收藏品的典型模式正好相反。取自 NFT 平台 Opensea 的二手数据和一系列实验研究都支持这种基于社会价值的视角。鉴于这些发现,我们提出了一个研究议程,为这一领域未来的工作奠定基础。我们还建议,NFT 提供了一个实验室,在这里可以重新考虑过去与社会价值、稀缺性和价格相关的理论,并发展未来的理论,希望消费者研究人员能够在未来 50 年引领这些领域的知识发展。
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引用次数: 1
The Science of Creating Brand Associations: A Continuous Trinity Model Linking Brand Associations to Learning Processes 创建品牌联想的科学:将品牌联想与学习过程联系起来的三位一体连续模型
IF 7.2 1区 管理学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.1093/jcr/ucad046
Christilene du Plessis, Serena D'Hooge, Steven Sweldens
The continuous trinity model (CTM) of brand associations integrates 50 years of consumer learning research with recent conceptualizations of consciousness. Three types of brand associations are proposed at the representational level (expectations, meaning, and affect), corresponding to three types of learning at the process level (predictive learning, referential learning, and direct affect transfer). A core proposition derived from research on automaticity holds that the operating conditions of the learning processes vary on a continuum from mostly System 2 for predictive learning to mostly System 1 for direct affect transfer, with referential learning as a mix of the two. The CTM aims to bring clarity and structure to a complex literature by highlighting the web of interrelations between operating principles (“what” brand associations are learned), operating processes (“how” brand associations are learned), and operating conditions (“when” brand associations are learned). For consumer and learning researchers, the CTM outlines an agenda for future research and guidelines to improve conceptual and methodological clarity. For brand managers, the CTM provides tactical recommendations (a “toolkit”) for structuring advertising campaigns to create desired brand associations and strategic recommendations for managing brand partnerships. For policymakers, the CTM offers guidance on types of advertisements requiring closer scrutiny.
品牌联想的连续三位一体模型(CTM)整合了50年来的消费者学习研究和最新的意识概念。该模型在表征层面上提出了三种品牌联想类型(期望、意义和情感),在过程层面上对应于三种学习类型(预测学习、参照学习和直接情感转移)。从自动性研究中得出的一个核心命题认为,学习过程的运行条件在一个连续统一体中各不相同,从预测性学习主要是系统 2,到直接情感转移主要是系统 1,而参照学习则是两者的混合体。CTM旨在通过强调操作原则("学习什么 "品牌联想)、操作过程("如何 "学习品牌联想)和操作条件("何时 "学习品牌联想)之间的相互关系网,使复杂的文献更加清晰和结构化。对于消费者和学习研究人员来说,CTM 为未来研究勾勒了一个议程,并为提高概念和方法的清晰度提供了指导。对于品牌管理者,CTM 提供了构建广告活动以创建理想品牌联想的战术建议("工具包"),以及管理品牌合作关系的战略建议。对于政策制定者,CTM 就需要更严格审查的广告类型提供了指导。
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引用次数: 4
Keeping Up and Staying Fresh: Reflections on Studying Emerging Topics in Consumer Research 与时俱进,保持新鲜:研究消费者研究新课题的思考
IF 7.2 1区 管理学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.1093/jcr/ucae014
Andrew T Stephen
This article reflects on the study of consumer-related emerging topics in the Journal of Consumer Research (JCR) and looks ahead to consider what the next generation of emergent issues might be that capture consumer researchers’ attention and interest. Drawing on conversations with eminent scholars who have made major contributions to JCR by introducing emerging topics to our literature, the author (i) provides a commentary of past approaches to researching novel emerging topics, (ii) suggests some domains from which new emerging topics for consumer research can be sourced, such as new digital technologies (e.g., artificial intelligence) and major societal challenges (e.g., climate change, sustainability, and health), and (iii) offers guidance on how to approach research on important emerging topics.
本文反思了《消费者研究期刊》(JCR)中与消费者相关的新兴课题研究,并展望未来,考虑下一代新兴课题可能会吸引消费者研究者的注意力和兴趣。作者通过与那些为《消费者研究》做出重大贡献、为我们的文献引入新兴课题的知名学者的交谈,(i) 对过去研究新颖新兴课题的方法进行了评述,(ii) 提出了一些可以为消费者研究提供新的新兴课题的领域,如新的数字技术(如人工智能)和重大社会挑战(如气候变化、可持续发展和健康),(iii) 就如何开展重要新兴课题的研究提供了指导。
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引用次数: 0
50 Years of Context Effects: Merging the Behavioral and Quantitative Perspectives 情境效应 50 年:行为与定量视角的融合
IF 7.2 1区 管理学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.1093/jcr/ucad028
Ioannis Evangelidis, Sudeep Bhatia, Jonathan Levav, Itamar Simonson
Over the past 50 years, consumer researchers have presented extensive evidence that consumer preference can be swayed by the decision context, particularly the configuration of the choice set. Importantly, behavioral research on context effects has inspired prominent quantitative research on multialternative decision-making published in leading psychology, management, economics, and general interest journals. While both streams of research seem to agree that context effects are an important research area, there has been relatively limited interaction, communication, and collaboration between the two research camps. In this article, we seek to initiate an active dialogue between the two sides. We begin by providing a critical overview of the two literatures on context effects, discussing both their strengths and weaknesses, as well as disparities and complementarities. Here, we place particular emphasis on deepening consumer researchers’ understanding of context effects by drawing on prominent quantitative research published in non-marketing journals over the last decades. Importantly, we provide a roadmap for the future that can inspire further research and potential collaborations between the two camps, overcoming silos in knowledge creation.
在过去的 50 年里,消费者研究人员提出了大量证据,证明消费者的偏好会受到决策环境的影响,尤其是选择集的配置。重要的是,关于情境效应的行为学研究激发了关于多选择决策的著名定量研究,这些研究发表在主要的心理学、管理学、经济学和综合期刊上。虽然这两种研究流似乎都认为情境效应是一个重要的研究领域,但两个研究阵营之间的互动、交流和合作却相对有限。在本文中,我们试图启动双方之间的积极对话。首先,我们对情境效应的两种文献进行了批判性概述,讨论了它们的优缺点以及差异和互补性。在此,我们特别强调通过借鉴过去几十年中发表在非市场期刊上的著名定量研究成果,加深消费者研究人员对情境效应的理解。重要的是,我们为未来提供了一个路线图,可以激发两大阵营的进一步研究和潜在合作,克服知识创造中的孤岛现象。
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引用次数: 1
People, Peace, Prosperity, and the Planet: A Journey toward Sustainable Development in Consumer Research 人类、和平、繁荣与地球:消费者研究的可持续发展之旅
IF 7.2 1区 管理学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.1093/jcr/ucad068
Martin Mende, Abhishek Borah, Maura L. Scott, Lisa E. Bolton, Leonard Lee
With its 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, the United Nations (UN) developed 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as a “blueprint for peace and prosperity for people and the planet.” This initiative raises the question: how has the Journal of Consumer Research (JCR) shed light on the SDGs? This research analyzes 50 years of consumer research through the lens of the SDG and makes four contributions. First, the authors provide a content analysis of articles in JCR and how it relates to the SDGs over time; they also analyze the Journal of Consumer Psychology (JCP) and Journal of Public Policy & Marketing (JPP&M) with regard to the SDGs. Second, this research reveals where JCR has made progress and achieved impact (via Altmetric) but also identifies gaps in the literature. Thus, the analyses shed light on what research in JCR, JCP, and JPP&M understands (and does not understand) about consumer behavior and points the way to future SDG-oriented research. Finally, based on insights from interviews with thought leaders, sociology of science, UN data dashboards, and an exploratory survey in three countries (the U.S., France, and Singapore), the authors provide recommendations on how the field can (better) incorporate the SDGs in research, teaching, and service.
联合国(UN)通过 2030 年可持续发展议程制定了 17 项可持续发展目标 (SDGs),作为 "人类和地球和平与繁荣的蓝图"。这一举措提出了一个问题:《消费者研究期刊》(JCR)是如何揭示可持续发展目标的?本研究通过可持续发展目标的视角分析了 50 年来的消费者研究,并做出了四点贡献。首先,作者对《消费者研究期刊》上的文章进行了内容分析,并分析了随着时间的推移它与可持续发展目标的关系;他们还分析了《消费者心理学期刊》(JCP)和《公共政策与营销期刊》(JPP&M)与可持续发展目标的关系。其次,这项研究揭示了《JCR》在哪些方面取得了进展和影响(通过 Altmetric),同时也指出了文献中的不足。因此,分析揭示了 JCR、JCP 和 JPP&M 研究对消费者行为的理解(和不理解),并为未来以可持续发展目标为导向的研究指明了方向。最后,基于对思想领袖的访谈、科学社会学、联合国数据仪表盘以及在三个国家(美国、法国和新加坡)进行的探索性调查的见解,作者就该领域如何(更好地)将可持续发展目标纳入研究、教学和服务提出了建议。
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引用次数: 3
The Genesis Effect: Digital Goods in the Metaverse 创世效应元宇宙中的数字商品
IF 7.2 1区 管理学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.1093/jcr/ucad072
Haiyang Yang
This research shows that although the used and unused versions of a digital good (e.g., virtual apparel) are identical in every pixel and functionality, consumers tend to prefer the unused version. This “genesis effect” occurs because consumers tend to perceive used (vs. unused) digital goods as virtually contaminated and because being permanently listed as the first (vs. subsequent) owner in the ownership record can confer a greater sense of status. Specifically, in study 1, analyses of large-scale field data on purchases of digital goods in the metaverse showed that consumers paid substantially more to acquire the unused (vs. used) version of the same good. Studies 2–4 causally demonstrated the genesis effect and its underlying mechanism across metaverse product categories—participants were less likely to purchase digital goods described as used (vs. unused). Virtual contamination and virtual status jointly mediated the effect. Furthermore, being the first—at the genesis of a digital product’s usage history—was particularly special, such that participants were less sensitive to increases in the number of prior owners after the first one. Finally, showing participants that a used good had been digitally reconstituted attenuated the genesis effect. These findings add to the literature on consumer behavior in the metaverse and offer managerial insights on digital goods marketing.
这项研究表明,尽管使用过和未使用过的数字商品(如虚拟服装)在像素和功能上完全相同,但消费者倾向于选择未使用过的版本。之所以会产生这种 "创世效应",是因为消费者倾向于认为使用过的(相对于未使用过的)数字商品实际上受到了污染,而且在所有权记录中被永久列为第一(相对于后来的)拥有者会赋予消费者更强的地位感。具体来说,在研究 1 中,对在元宇宙中购买数字商品的大规模实地数据进行的分析表明,消费者在购买相同商品的未使用(与使用过)版本时支付的费用要高得多。研究2-4从因果关系上证明了元宇宙产品类别中的创世效应及其内在机制--参与者不太可能购买被描述为使用过(与未使用过)的数字商品。虚拟污染和虚拟地位共同促成了这一效应。此外,作为数字产品使用历史的开端,第一个拥有者尤为特殊,因此参与者对第一个拥有者之后先前拥有者数量的增加不太敏感。最后,向参与者展示二手商品已经过数字重组,也会减弱创世效应。这些发现丰富了有关元宇宙中消费者行为的文献,并为数字商品营销提供了管理见解。
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引用次数: 1
Taking the Full Measure: Integrating Replication into Research Practice to Assess Generalizability 全面衡量:将复制纳入研究实践以评估可推广性
IF 7.2 1区 管理学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.1093/jcr/ucae007
Oleg Urminsky, Berkeley J. Dietvorst
In this article, we review the ways in which replication has been and could be featured in consumer behavior, using Journal of Consumer Research as a specific setting. We present a framework for thinking about the generalizability of research findings and differentiate various potential benefits that replication can have for understanding variability in consumer research findings. We then define four different types of replications, describe how researchers can use these approaches to produce distinct benefits, and give guidance regarding conducting, interpreting, and the potential contributions of these different types of replications. We conclude with a discussion of various ways in which replication could be more fully integrated into different phases of the scientific research process, taking into account the contribution necessary for publication. In particular, we identify opportunities to incorporate independent replication into original papers, to increase the replication-based contribution in papers that build on prior work, and to use systematic replication in conjunction with meta-analysis to synthesize and confirm conclusions from a mature research literature. More fully integrating replication into scientific practice can yield a new equilibrium, in which replication is routine, typically consistent with previous results, and recognized as necessary for establishing an empirical generalization.
在本文中,我们以《消费者研究杂志》为具体背景,回顾了复制在消费者行为学中的应用方式。我们提出了一个思考研究结果可推广性的框架,并区分了复制对理解消费者研究结果的变异性可能带来的各种潜在益处。然后,我们定义了四种不同类型的复制,描述了研究人员如何利用这些方法产生不同的益处,并就开展、解释这些不同类型的复制及其潜在贡献提供了指导。最后,考虑到发表论文所需的贡献,我们讨论了将复制更充分地融入科学研究过程不同阶段的各种方法。特别是,我们发现了将独立复制纳入原创论文的机会,在基于先前工作的论文中增加基于复制的贡献的机会,以及将系统复制与荟萃分析结合使用的机会,以综合和确认成熟研究文献中的结论。将复制更充分地融入科学实践可以产生一种新的平衡,在这种平衡中,复制是例行公事,通常与以前的结果一致,并被认为是建立经验概括所必需的。
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引用次数: 3
Race in Consumer Research: Past, Present, and Future 消费者研究中的种族问题:过去、现在和未来
IF 7.2 1区 管理学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.1093/jcr/ucad050
Sonya A. Grier, David Crockett, Guillaume D Johnson, Kevin D Thomas, T. Bradford
Race has been a market force in society for centuries. Still, the question of what constitutes focused and sustainable consumer research engagement with race remains opaque. We propose a guide for scholars and scholarship that extends the current canon of race in consumer research toward understanding race, racism, and related racial dynamics as foundational to global markets and central to consumer research efforts. We discuss the nature, relevance, and meaning of race for consumer research and offer a thematic framework that critically categorizes and synthesizes extant consumer research on race along the following dimensions: (1) racial structuring of consumption and consumer markets, (2) consumer navigation of racialized markets, and (3) consumer resistance and advocacy movements. We build on our discussion to guide future research that foregrounds racial dynamics in consumer research and offers impactful theoretical and practical contributions.
几个世纪以来,种族一直是社会的一种市场力量。然而,什么才是对种族问题进行有针对性的、可持续的消费者研究,这个问题仍然不明确。我们为学者和学术界提出了一个指南,将当前消费者研究中的种族问题扩展到对种族、种族主义和相关种族动态的理解,将其视为全球市场的基础和消费者研究工作的核心。我们讨论了种族对消费者研究的性质、相关性和意义,并提供了一个主题框架,从以下几个方面对现有的消费者种族研究进行了批判性的分类和综合:(1)消费和消费市场的种族结构化,(2)消费者对种族化市场的引导,以及(3)消费者的抵制和倡导运动。我们将以我们的讨论为基础,指导未来的研究,在消费者研究中突出种族动态,并提供有影响力的理论和实践贡献。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
Journal of Consumer Research
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