Pub Date : 2024-03-29DOI: 10.4103/jdmimsu.jdmimsu_701_23
Waqar M. Naqvi, Sakshi P. Arora, Aishwarya A. Pashine, Mamdouh Gabr
{"title":"Academic to AI-cademic: Challenges and Recommendations of Artificial Intelligence in Medical Writing","authors":"Waqar M. Naqvi, Sakshi P. Arora, Aishwarya A. Pashine, Mamdouh Gabr","doi":"10.4103/jdmimsu.jdmimsu_701_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jdmimsu.jdmimsu_701_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15592,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140368104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.4103/jdmimsu.jdmimsu_217_23
Sarayu Venkatesan, D. Dwivedi, M. Mateen, Saurabh Sud, Bhavna Hooda, Shalendra Singh
Background: I-gel® is a prototype among the second-generation supraglottic airway devices (SADs). The Ambu® AuraGain™ is a fairly new, single use, second-generation SAD with a preformed shape. Aim: To compare the oropharyngeal sealing pressure (OSP) of i-gel® and AuraGain™ in young children weighing between 5 and 20 kg. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted as a single-blinded randomized control trial at a tertiary care center over the period of 18 months. Forty children, aged between 6 months and 6 years, weighing 5–20 kg, belonging to the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Physical Status I, II, and III, undergoing elective surgical procedures, were randomized into two groups: the i-gel® group and Ambu® AuraGain™ group. The primary goal was measuring OSP at 1 min postinsertion and its change at 10 min. The secondary objectives were insertion time, success rate at first attempt, the degree of ease of gastric tube insertion, and perioperative adverse effects. Results: The mean OSP was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the i-gel group (i.e., 20.0 ± 3.24 at 1 min and 23.45 ± 3.66 at 10 min) as compared to Ambu® AuraGain™ (16.70 ± 3.10 and 19.95 ± 3.1 at 1 and 10 min, respectively). The insertion time and success and complications rate for device placement were comparable. The resistance when inserting gastric tube was significantly higher in the i-gel® group (70%) as compared to the Ambu® AuraGain™ group (20%) in our study (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Our study suggests that i-gel® is superior in achieving OSP, whereas gastric tube insertion is easy with the use of Ambu® AuraGain™.
{"title":"Comparison of clinical performance of i-gel® and Ambu® AuraGain™ in pediatric patients: A randomized controlled study","authors":"Sarayu Venkatesan, D. Dwivedi, M. Mateen, Saurabh Sud, Bhavna Hooda, Shalendra Singh","doi":"10.4103/jdmimsu.jdmimsu_217_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jdmimsu.jdmimsu_217_23","url":null,"abstract":"Background: I-gel® is a prototype among the second-generation supraglottic airway devices (SADs). The Ambu® AuraGain™ is a fairly new, single use, second-generation SAD with a preformed shape. Aim: To compare the oropharyngeal sealing pressure (OSP) of i-gel® and AuraGain™ in young children weighing between 5 and 20 kg. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted as a single-blinded randomized control trial at a tertiary care center over the period of 18 months. Forty children, aged between 6 months and 6 years, weighing 5–20 kg, belonging to the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Physical Status I, II, and III, undergoing elective surgical procedures, were randomized into two groups: the i-gel® group and Ambu® AuraGain™ group. The primary goal was measuring OSP at 1 min postinsertion and its change at 10 min. The secondary objectives were insertion time, success rate at first attempt, the degree of ease of gastric tube insertion, and perioperative adverse effects. Results: The mean OSP was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the i-gel group (i.e., 20.0 ± 3.24 at 1 min and 23.45 ± 3.66 at 10 min) as compared to Ambu® AuraGain™ (16.70 ± 3.10 and 19.95 ± 3.1 at 1 and 10 min, respectively). The insertion time and success and complications rate for device placement were comparable. The resistance when inserting gastric tube was significantly higher in the i-gel® group (70%) as compared to the Ambu® AuraGain™ group (20%) in our study (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Our study suggests that i-gel® is superior in achieving OSP, whereas gastric tube insertion is easy with the use of Ambu® AuraGain™.","PeriodicalId":15592,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48975660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.4103/jdmimsu.jdmimsu_278_23
A. Hande, Prajakta R. Zade, M. Gawande, Swati K. Patil, Archana Sonone, Aayushi Pakhale
Background: Early clinical exposure (ECE) would augment the clinical education quality in dental students. Although ECE has been practicing to reinforce learning, it has certain limitations. Mainly restrictions on resources due to inappropriate student-teacher ratio owing to less no of trained faculty in the department. The student-centered teaching method such as peer-assisted learning (PAL) can be used as a supporting modus operandi in the deliverance of the curriculum at the undergraduate level to augment the learning by ECE. Materials and Methods: The study population includes a cohort of 100 Students of I Bachelor of Dental Sciences (BDS) and 25 Students of II BDS. From I BDS, 50 students (Group A = experimental group) were selected as cases and 50 as controls (Group B = control group) by the simple random sampling. Twenty-five students were selected from II BDS on the basis of performance scale (high achievers) as peers. (Group A) students were exposed to the ECE module which was assisted by peers as an enhancement to didactic teaching-learning. Control group (Group B) students were exposed to conventional ECE, which is facilitated by faculty members/teachers. After the intervention, both the groups were evaluated for knowledge, skills, and attitude as posttest. Results: The significantly enhanced posttest score was observed in Group A (7.46 ± 1.32) as compared to Group B (3.98 ± 1.59). The mean objective structured practical examination score in Group A was improved as compared to Group B and the difference between them was also found statistically significant (P = 0.00). Conclusion: Peer-assisted ECE could be a better teaching-learning methodology than traditional teaching for dental students in the Indian Scenario.
{"title":"Impact of peer-assisted early clinical exposure on learning in dental students","authors":"A. Hande, Prajakta R. Zade, M. Gawande, Swati K. Patil, Archana Sonone, Aayushi Pakhale","doi":"10.4103/jdmimsu.jdmimsu_278_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jdmimsu.jdmimsu_278_23","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Early clinical exposure (ECE) would augment the clinical education quality in dental students. Although ECE has been practicing to reinforce learning, it has certain limitations. Mainly restrictions on resources due to inappropriate student-teacher ratio owing to less no of trained faculty in the department. The student-centered teaching method such as peer-assisted learning (PAL) can be used as a supporting modus operandi in the deliverance of the curriculum at the undergraduate level to augment the learning by ECE. Materials and Methods: The study population includes a cohort of 100 Students of I Bachelor of Dental Sciences (BDS) and 25 Students of II BDS. From I BDS, 50 students (Group A = experimental group) were selected as cases and 50 as controls (Group B = control group) by the simple random sampling. Twenty-five students were selected from II BDS on the basis of performance scale (high achievers) as peers. (Group A) students were exposed to the ECE module which was assisted by peers as an enhancement to didactic teaching-learning. Control group (Group B) students were exposed to conventional ECE, which is facilitated by faculty members/teachers. After the intervention, both the groups were evaluated for knowledge, skills, and attitude as posttest. Results: The significantly enhanced posttest score was observed in Group A (7.46 ± 1.32) as compared to Group B (3.98 ± 1.59). The mean objective structured practical examination score in Group A was improved as compared to Group B and the difference between them was also found statistically significant (P = 0.00). Conclusion: Peer-assisted ECE could be a better teaching-learning methodology than traditional teaching for dental students in the Indian Scenario.","PeriodicalId":15592,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42860662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.4103/jdmimsu.jdmimsu_407_22
P. Sonavane, J. Rai, Monali Amit Shah, M. Andharia
Introduction: Gingival phenotype is a crucial determinant of the periodontium. It not only maintains the health of the tissue but also plays a decisive role in the prediction of periodontal treatment outcomes. Thin gingival phenotype poses certain risks of poor periodontal treatment outcome in cases of implant, coronally advanced flap, and other root coverage procedures. Thus it becomes the duty of the clinician to deal with such cases by prior planning treatments which can improve the gingival phenotype and thereby enhancing the postperiodontal treatment outcomes to benefit patients. In this case series, a nonsurgical treatment modality microneedling (MN) and injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) are employed in an attempt to increase the thickness of thin gingival phenotype. Methods: Five systemically healthy patients with thin gingival phenotypes were included in this study. The lower anterior teeth with split-mouth study pattern have been randomly allocated to nonsurgical treatment modality, i.e., MN alone and MN along with i-PRF. All the patients were followed up for 9 months. Outcomes Assessed: Gingival thickness (GT), Width of Keratinized Tissue (WKT), oral hygiene index, gingival index (GI), the patient reported outcome measures. Results: Both the groups showed an increase in the thickness of gingiva in 9-month follow-up. The mean increase of 0.62 mm in thickness was seen in Group 1 (42%), whereas Group 2 showed a 0.34 mm (27.3%) of increment. No difference is seen with respect to the change in the width of keratinized gingiva in both groups. Conclusion: MN along with i-PRF can provide an efficient nonsurgical option to clinicians to increase GT in cases of thin gingival phenotype.
{"title":"Effect of microneedling and injectable platelet-rich fibrin on gingival phenotype – A case series","authors":"P. Sonavane, J. Rai, Monali Amit Shah, M. Andharia","doi":"10.4103/jdmimsu.jdmimsu_407_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jdmimsu.jdmimsu_407_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Gingival phenotype is a crucial determinant of the periodontium. It not only maintains the health of the tissue but also plays a decisive role in the prediction of periodontal treatment outcomes. Thin gingival phenotype poses certain risks of poor periodontal treatment outcome in cases of implant, coronally advanced flap, and other root coverage procedures. Thus it becomes the duty of the clinician to deal with such cases by prior planning treatments which can improve the gingival phenotype and thereby enhancing the postperiodontal treatment outcomes to benefit patients. In this case series, a nonsurgical treatment modality microneedling (MN) and injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) are employed in an attempt to increase the thickness of thin gingival phenotype. Methods: Five systemically healthy patients with thin gingival phenotypes were included in this study. The lower anterior teeth with split-mouth study pattern have been randomly allocated to nonsurgical treatment modality, i.e., MN alone and MN along with i-PRF. All the patients were followed up for 9 months. Outcomes Assessed: Gingival thickness (GT), Width of Keratinized Tissue (WKT), oral hygiene index, gingival index (GI), the patient reported outcome measures. Results: Both the groups showed an increase in the thickness of gingiva in 9-month follow-up. The mean increase of 0.62 mm in thickness was seen in Group 1 (42%), whereas Group 2 showed a 0.34 mm (27.3%) of increment. No difference is seen with respect to the change in the width of keratinized gingiva in both groups. Conclusion: MN along with i-PRF can provide an efficient nonsurgical option to clinicians to increase GT in cases of thin gingival phenotype.","PeriodicalId":15592,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44155731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.4103/jdmimsu.jdmimsu_404_22
Prerna Baghel, Neha Gurbani, P. Muntode
The ability to handle life's challenges measures the strength of character. If we intend to rise through challenges, one has to be prepared for the change. A strong sense of duty among health-care workers (HCWs) was observed during COVID-19 pandemic when there was a high threat to their lives. We aimed to review the literature from PubMed, CENTRAL, Web of Science, and Google Scholar that describes the current situation and various challenges faced by the health-care providers and provides necessary recommendations that ensure health and well-being. It is believed that the findings of this study will be found useful by the government and higher agencies to formulate and implement new and better policies favoring and promoting the health-care workers. The obstacles that health-care practitioners are presently facing are far larger than those that they experience in their routine duties. Health-care personnel has a distinct and restricted responsibility to treat the COVID-19 epidemic, which can be traced back to a wide social compact and is firmly linked to specific reciprocal obligations that society owes to health-care providers. This article is organized into parts depending on the numerous sorts of obstacles that health-care employees experience, such as mental, physical, professional, spiritual, and vocational challenges. The existing and future levels of stress among HCWs are very concerning. As a result, immediate upskilling is essential, as many health-care providers believe they lack the knowledge and abilities needed to manage health concerns. However, it is critical to ensure that enough suitable resources are in place to assist HCWs throughout the pandemic's acute phase, as well as in the aftermath when demand will increase. A key rationale for investigating challenges faced by health-care workers is to strengthen our health system in every best possible way, also to strengthen the role of health-care workers by collection of their personal information COVID-19 related knowledge, personal health, nutrition, dietary supplementation, and job characteristics including psychological problem, work motivation, work pressure, physical abuse at work, conflicts, occupational hazards, length of working hours, communication challenges, language barriers, calm and composed behavior, and maintaining spiritual belief. The rationale will be based on the questionnaire including all types of challenges with multiple-choice questions discussing the problems faced during COVID-19.
应对生活挑战的能力衡量性格的力量。如果我们打算在挑战中崛起，就必须为变革做好准备。在新冠肺炎大流行期间，当医护人员的生命受到高度威胁时，他们表现出强烈的责任感。我们旨在回顾PubMed、CENTRAL、Web of Science和Google Scholar的文献，这些文献描述了医疗保健提供者的现状和面临的各种挑战，并提供了确保健康和福祉的必要建议。相信这项研究的结果将为政府和上级机构制定和实施有利于和促进医护人员发展的新的、更好的政策提供有用的信息。保健从业人员目前面临的障碍远远大于他们在日常工作中遇到的障碍。医疗保健人员在治疗新冠肺炎流行病方面负有独特而有限的责任，这可以追溯到广泛的社会契约，并与社会对医疗保健提供者的具体互惠义务密切相关。这篇文章根据医护人员所经历的各种障碍分为几个部分，如心理、身体、职业、精神和职业挑战。HCW目前和未来的压力水平非常令人担忧。因此，立即提高技能至关重要，因为许多医疗保健提供者认为他们缺乏管理健康问题所需的知识和能力。然而，至关重要的是，要确保有足够的适当资源在疫情的整个急性阶段以及需求增加后为HCW提供援助。调查医护人员面临的挑战的一个关键理由是，以一切可能的最佳方式加强我们的卫生系统，并通过收集医护人员的个人信息新冠肺炎相关知识、个人健康、营养、膳食补充和工作特征，包括心理问题、工作动机、，工作压力、工作中的身体虐待、冲突、职业危害、工作时间长短、沟通挑战、语言障碍、冷静沉着的行为以及保持精神信仰。基本原理将以问卷为基础，包括所有类型的挑战，选择题讨论新冠肺炎期间面临的问题。
{"title":"Challenges faced by “health care workers” during COVID-19: A narrative review","authors":"Prerna Baghel, Neha Gurbani, P. Muntode","doi":"10.4103/jdmimsu.jdmimsu_404_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jdmimsu.jdmimsu_404_22","url":null,"abstract":"The ability to handle life's challenges measures the strength of character. If we intend to rise through challenges, one has to be prepared for the change. A strong sense of duty among health-care workers (HCWs) was observed during COVID-19 pandemic when there was a high threat to their lives. We aimed to review the literature from PubMed, CENTRAL, Web of Science, and Google Scholar that describes the current situation and various challenges faced by the health-care providers and provides necessary recommendations that ensure health and well-being. It is believed that the findings of this study will be found useful by the government and higher agencies to formulate and implement new and better policies favoring and promoting the health-care workers. The obstacles that health-care practitioners are presently facing are far larger than those that they experience in their routine duties. Health-care personnel has a distinct and restricted responsibility to treat the COVID-19 epidemic, which can be traced back to a wide social compact and is firmly linked to specific reciprocal obligations that society owes to health-care providers. This article is organized into parts depending on the numerous sorts of obstacles that health-care employees experience, such as mental, physical, professional, spiritual, and vocational challenges. The existing and future levels of stress among HCWs are very concerning. As a result, immediate upskilling is essential, as many health-care providers believe they lack the knowledge and abilities needed to manage health concerns. However, it is critical to ensure that enough suitable resources are in place to assist HCWs throughout the pandemic's acute phase, as well as in the aftermath when demand will increase. A key rationale for investigating challenges faced by health-care workers is to strengthen our health system in every best possible way, also to strengthen the role of health-care workers by collection of their personal information COVID-19 related knowledge, personal health, nutrition, dietary supplementation, and job characteristics including psychological problem, work motivation, work pressure, physical abuse at work, conflicts, occupational hazards, length of working hours, communication challenges, language barriers, calm and composed behavior, and maintaining spiritual belief. The rationale will be based on the questionnaire including all types of challenges with multiple-choice questions discussing the problems faced during COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":15592,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47475034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.4103/jdmimsu.jdmimsu_90_23
Mrinal Nadgouda, Aditya Patel, P. Nikhade, M. Chandak, Shraddha Patel
Flowable composite materials still need to be explored. Most literature generally addresses conventional composites, with little emphasis on flowables. This review article provides a concise overview of many essential characteristics of this helpful material. Newer generations of flowable composites incorporating improved mechanical properties such as higher compressive strength due to increased filler loading have come into practice in restorative dentistry recently. These provide benefits of improved handling properties and ease of placement into prepared cavities. This makes them unique and a novel material of choice in replacing traditional composite resins as a restorative material in endodontics.
{"title":"Transiting milestones in conventional composites: A headway for flowables","authors":"Mrinal Nadgouda, Aditya Patel, P. Nikhade, M. Chandak, Shraddha Patel","doi":"10.4103/jdmimsu.jdmimsu_90_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jdmimsu.jdmimsu_90_23","url":null,"abstract":"Flowable composite materials still need to be explored. Most literature generally addresses conventional composites, with little emphasis on flowables. This review article provides a concise overview of many essential characteristics of this helpful material. Newer generations of flowable composites incorporating improved mechanical properties such as higher compressive strength due to increased filler loading have come into practice in restorative dentistry recently. These provide benefits of improved handling properties and ease of placement into prepared cavities. This makes them unique and a novel material of choice in replacing traditional composite resins as a restorative material in endodontics.","PeriodicalId":15592,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49563471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.4103/jdmimsu.jdmimsu_307_23
Prabhleen Brar, R. Brar, R. Vashisht, R. Gambhir
The mandibular premolars, typically, present with a single root and single root canal. However, several studies have shown greater diversities in the root canal system of mandibular premolars. Vertucci found two canals at the apex in 25.5% and three canals at the apex in 0.5% of the cases of 400 investigated premolars. The introduction of magnification in dentistry and the use of cone-beam computed tomography have greatly improved the success of root canal treatment. The present case report presents a case of successful root canal treatment of a mandibular second premolar with a single root canal that trifurcates and exits as three canals at the apex.
{"title":"Root canal treatment of a mandibular second premolar with unusual anatomy: A rare case report","authors":"Prabhleen Brar, R. Brar, R. Vashisht, R. Gambhir","doi":"10.4103/jdmimsu.jdmimsu_307_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jdmimsu.jdmimsu_307_23","url":null,"abstract":"The mandibular premolars, typically, present with a single root and single root canal. However, several studies have shown greater diversities in the root canal system of mandibular premolars. Vertucci found two canals at the apex in 25.5% and three canals at the apex in 0.5% of the cases of 400 investigated premolars. The introduction of magnification in dentistry and the use of cone-beam computed tomography have greatly improved the success of root canal treatment. The present case report presents a case of successful root canal treatment of a mandibular second premolar with a single root canal that trifurcates and exits as three canals at the apex.","PeriodicalId":15592,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48265506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.4103/jdmimsu.jdmimsu_131_22
Arun Panwar, Shikha Ruhil, V. Keluskar, V. Jirge, S. L. Kumar, M. Sridhar
Objective: The objective is to qualitatively and quantitatively review the published literature on superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Materials and Methods: MEDLINE (via PubMed), SCOPUS, Science Direct, Cochrane Library, ProQuest, Google Scholar, and gray literature were comprehensively searched. Human clinical studies published between 2000 and 2021 were included. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale was used to evaluate the risk of bias in the studies. Results: Of the 873 articles screened, six studies were included, evaluating 640 patients (554 OSCC cases and 113 controls). SOD levels in OSCC subjects were significantly lesser (P < 0.01) compared to healthy controls in spectrophotometry analysis, whereas its immuno-expression was significantly higher in the OSCC tissue samples in immunohistochemistry. In the meta-analyses related to SOD analysis by spectrophotometry, the overall effect size of tissue SOD in OSCC and control group were 8.51 and 11.62 U/mg protein, respectively. In the meta-analyses related to SOD analysis by immunohistochemistry, the overall effect size of tissue SOD in OSCC was 55.55% and 3.61% for cell staining, respectively. Conclusion: Decreased SOD levels in OSCC tissue samples in spectrophotometry and high immunoexpression in immunohistochemistry accurately reflect increased oxidative stress (OS) levels. Further studies are required to understand the increase in SOD levels in OSCC tissue. Correlation analysis between SOD levels and established clinicopathological prognostic markers could aid in formulation of OS-based prognostication and treatment planning.
{"title":"Evaluation of superoxide dismutase, an antioxidant enzyme, in oral squamous cell carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Arun Panwar, Shikha Ruhil, V. Keluskar, V. Jirge, S. L. Kumar, M. Sridhar","doi":"10.4103/jdmimsu.jdmimsu_131_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jdmimsu.jdmimsu_131_22","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The objective is to qualitatively and quantitatively review the published literature on superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Materials and Methods: MEDLINE (via PubMed), SCOPUS, Science Direct, Cochrane Library, ProQuest, Google Scholar, and gray literature were comprehensively searched. Human clinical studies published between 2000 and 2021 were included. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale was used to evaluate the risk of bias in the studies. Results: Of the 873 articles screened, six studies were included, evaluating 640 patients (554 OSCC cases and 113 controls). SOD levels in OSCC subjects were significantly lesser (P < 0.01) compared to healthy controls in spectrophotometry analysis, whereas its immuno-expression was significantly higher in the OSCC tissue samples in immunohistochemistry. In the meta-analyses related to SOD analysis by spectrophotometry, the overall effect size of tissue SOD in OSCC and control group were 8.51 and 11.62 U/mg protein, respectively. In the meta-analyses related to SOD analysis by immunohistochemistry, the overall effect size of tissue SOD in OSCC was 55.55% and 3.61% for cell staining, respectively. Conclusion: Decreased SOD levels in OSCC tissue samples in spectrophotometry and high immunoexpression in immunohistochemistry accurately reflect increased oxidative stress (OS) levels. Further studies are required to understand the increase in SOD levels in OSCC tissue. Correlation analysis between SOD levels and established clinicopathological prognostic markers could aid in formulation of OS-based prognostication and treatment planning.","PeriodicalId":15592,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47785600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.4103/jdmimsu.jdmimsu_515_22
Muhammad Akram, Muhammad Amjad Chishti, Syed Ali
In developed countries, the population is aging. The aging process brings forth a slew of physical and mental changes. There has been a progressive deterioration in the degree of cognitive processes closely tied to the aging process, which is most commonly associated with age-related disorders such as dementia, throughout time. Physical activity and exercise have been identified as a method for promoting older health, as well as encouraging the maintenance of functional ability and acting in the prevention and control of a variety of diseases. The benefits of physical activity in the preservation or even improvement of cognitive performance in both the old without cognitive impairment and the elderly with some degree of cognitive impairment or dementia have piqued researchers' interest in recent years. The goal of this study was to examine the effects of various types of physical activity and exercise on cognitive function in elderly people with and without prior cognitive impairment, to identify potential mechanisms underlying these effects, and to make exercise prescription recommendations to improve cognitive performance.
{"title":"Exercise and cognition in elderly","authors":"Muhammad Akram, Muhammad Amjad Chishti, Syed Ali","doi":"10.4103/jdmimsu.jdmimsu_515_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jdmimsu.jdmimsu_515_22","url":null,"abstract":"In developed countries, the population is aging. The aging process brings forth a slew of physical and mental changes. There has been a progressive deterioration in the degree of cognitive processes closely tied to the aging process, which is most commonly associated with age-related disorders such as dementia, throughout time. Physical activity and exercise have been identified as a method for promoting older health, as well as encouraging the maintenance of functional ability and acting in the prevention and control of a variety of diseases. The benefits of physical activity in the preservation or even improvement of cognitive performance in both the old without cognitive impairment and the elderly with some degree of cognitive impairment or dementia have piqued researchers' interest in recent years. The goal of this study was to examine the effects of various types of physical activity and exercise on cognitive function in elderly people with and without prior cognitive impairment, to identify potential mechanisms underlying these effects, and to make exercise prescription recommendations to improve cognitive performance.","PeriodicalId":15592,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42230115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.4103/jdmimsu.jdmimsu_296_23
Ifra Iftikhar, P. Shrivastava, Shubham Datta, Apoorva Rana, D. Sybil
Background: Distraction osteogenesis (DO) is one of the recent tissue engineering techniques which have been utilized for alveolar ridge augmentation procedures. It makes use of tensional strains created within the fractured segments to initiate a cascade of responses ultimately resulting in the formation of new mature bone. Supplementation of platelet-derived products such as platelet-rich plasma and platelet-rich fibrin in DO could stimulate this cascade and accelerate the formation of new bone with improved quality. Materials and Methods: Literature search was performed on eminent databases for studies using platelet-derived products with DO in alveolar ridge augmentation. Data relating to bibliographic information, and study outcomes were extracted. A risk of bias assessment was performed for each study. Measures of outcome included increase in bone height, and any reported postoperative complications. Results: Planned alveolar height was reached in all the studies with an adequate amount of bone formation for the placement of dental implants. Studies reported long-term implant survival. Postoperative complications included displacement of fractured segments, temporary paresthesia, and scar formation. Conclusion: DO supplemented with platelet-derived products provides an ideal micro-environment for the recruitment of various signaling molecules and stem cell precursors inducing the formation of new bone. It circumvents the unpredictable outcomes and complications such as donor site morbidity, which is associated with conventional placement of bone grafts. However, the available literature is scarce in this area and further randomized studies are required to form a conclusive body of evidence to support the translatability of this innovative technique into clinical practice.
{"title":"Supplementation of platelet-derived products in distraction osteogenesis for alveolar ridge augmentation: A systematic review","authors":"Ifra Iftikhar, P. Shrivastava, Shubham Datta, Apoorva Rana, D. Sybil","doi":"10.4103/jdmimsu.jdmimsu_296_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jdmimsu.jdmimsu_296_23","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Distraction osteogenesis (DO) is one of the recent tissue engineering techniques which have been utilized for alveolar ridge augmentation procedures. It makes use of tensional strains created within the fractured segments to initiate a cascade of responses ultimately resulting in the formation of new mature bone. Supplementation of platelet-derived products such as platelet-rich plasma and platelet-rich fibrin in DO could stimulate this cascade and accelerate the formation of new bone with improved quality. Materials and Methods: Literature search was performed on eminent databases for studies using platelet-derived products with DO in alveolar ridge augmentation. Data relating to bibliographic information, and study outcomes were extracted. A risk of bias assessment was performed for each study. Measures of outcome included increase in bone height, and any reported postoperative complications. Results: Planned alveolar height was reached in all the studies with an adequate amount of bone formation for the placement of dental implants. Studies reported long-term implant survival. Postoperative complications included displacement of fractured segments, temporary paresthesia, and scar formation. Conclusion: DO supplemented with platelet-derived products provides an ideal micro-environment for the recruitment of various signaling molecules and stem cell precursors inducing the formation of new bone. It circumvents the unpredictable outcomes and complications such as donor site morbidity, which is associated with conventional placement of bone grafts. However, the available literature is scarce in this area and further randomized studies are required to form a conclusive body of evidence to support the translatability of this innovative technique into clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":15592,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47698444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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