Pub Date : 2024-09-14DOI: 10.1177/00220426241283690
Abdullah Al Hamid, Rebecca McGuinness, Dhiya Al-Jumeily OBE, Sulaf Assi
Hallucinogenic new psychoactive substances have been rapidly emerging due to the increasing use of the Internet as a marketplace and source of information. This study explores hallucinogenic new psychoactive substances’ profile, effects and toxicity from the perspectives of e-psychonauts by conducting content analysis of online discussion forums. Qualitative content analysis was applied to threads extracted from online discussion forums. Each thread was coded carefully, and similar codes were grouped into sub-themes and themes respectively. The results showed four main themes related to users’ characteristics, hallucinogenic new psychoactive substances profile, effects and toxicity. The majority of users in this study were men in the age range of 18–25 years old. The main effects sought were stimulant/hallucinogenic effects; yet neurological and cardiovascular toxicity were frequently reported. The research found that online discussion forums offered a rich source of information as they provided a safe space for truthful experience reports without fear of legal consequence for e-psychonauts.
{"title":"Effects and Toxicity of Hallucinogenic New Psychoactive Substances From the Perspectives of e-Psychonauts","authors":"Abdullah Al Hamid, Rebecca McGuinness, Dhiya Al-Jumeily OBE, Sulaf Assi","doi":"10.1177/00220426241283690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220426241283690","url":null,"abstract":"Hallucinogenic new psychoactive substances have been rapidly emerging due to the increasing use of the Internet as a marketplace and source of information. This study explores hallucinogenic new psychoactive substances’ profile, effects and toxicity from the perspectives of e-psychonauts by conducting content analysis of online discussion forums. Qualitative content analysis was applied to threads extracted from online discussion forums. Each thread was coded carefully, and similar codes were grouped into sub-themes and themes respectively. The results showed four main themes related to users’ characteristics, hallucinogenic new psychoactive substances profile, effects and toxicity. The majority of users in this study were men in the age range of 18–25 years old. The main effects sought were stimulant/hallucinogenic effects; yet neurological and cardiovascular toxicity were frequently reported. The research found that online discussion forums offered a rich source of information as they provided a safe space for truthful experience reports without fear of legal consequence for e-psychonauts.","PeriodicalId":15626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Issues","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142247335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-14DOI: 10.1177/00220426241283688
Florian De Meyer, Clara De Ruysscher, Griet Roets, Wouter Vanderplasschen
Introduction: This paper examines life experiences before and during addiction recovery in a large sample of treated and untreated persons in Flanders (Belgium). Methods: A total of 343 participants in recovery from alcohol and/or illicit drug problems (≥3 months) completed the 2022 ‘Life in Recovery’ survey online. Participants were categorized into four groups based on their engagement with treatment services: (1) unassisted recovery, (2) mutual aid support only, (3) formal treatment only, and (4) formal treatment and mutual aid support. The questionnaire was supplemented with open-ended questions about facilitators and barriers to recovery. Findings: Group comparisons revealed significant differences in the severity of dependence and living conditions (recovery strengths and barriers, SABRS) during addiction between those in recovery without treatment and the treatment groups. However, similarities in strengths, barriers, and quality of life during recovery were observed across all groups. Differences in barriers during recovery were attributed to variations in initial conditions rather than treatment engagement. The complementary qualitative analysis revealed that the four clusters experienced similar factors as facilitating and hindering recovery. Discussion: These findings suggest that while various pathways can lead to recovery, those involving formal treatment and mutual aid support may be particularly valuable for individuals facing greater initial barriers and fewer strengths during addiction, highlighting treatment as an important but not universally necessary source of recovery capital.
{"title":"The Role of Addiction Treatment in Building Recovery Capital: Findings From 2022 Life in Recovery Survey in Flanders, Belgium","authors":"Florian De Meyer, Clara De Ruysscher, Griet Roets, Wouter Vanderplasschen","doi":"10.1177/00220426241283688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220426241283688","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: This paper examines life experiences before and during addiction recovery in a large sample of treated and untreated persons in Flanders (Belgium). Methods: A total of 343 participants in recovery from alcohol and/or illicit drug problems (≥3 months) completed the 2022 ‘Life in Recovery’ survey online. Participants were categorized into four groups based on their engagement with treatment services: (1) unassisted recovery, (2) mutual aid support only, (3) formal treatment only, and (4) formal treatment and mutual aid support. The questionnaire was supplemented with open-ended questions about facilitators and barriers to recovery. Findings: Group comparisons revealed significant differences in the severity of dependence and living conditions (recovery strengths and barriers, SABRS) during addiction between those in recovery without treatment and the treatment groups. However, similarities in strengths, barriers, and quality of life during recovery were observed across all groups. Differences in barriers during recovery were attributed to variations in initial conditions rather than treatment engagement. The complementary qualitative analysis revealed that the four clusters experienced similar factors as facilitating and hindering recovery. Discussion: These findings suggest that while various pathways can lead to recovery, those involving formal treatment and mutual aid support may be particularly valuable for individuals facing greater initial barriers and fewer strengths during addiction, highlighting treatment as an important but not universally necessary source of recovery capital.","PeriodicalId":15626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Issues","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142247423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-10DOI: 10.1177/00220426241281272
Gabrielle N. Scott, Pablo Montero-Zamora, Christian E. Vazquez, Miguel Pinedo
Objective: The objective of the present study was to identify factors associated with increased alcohol use during the COVID-19 pandemic among a sample of drinkers and heavy drinkers US-born Latino adults. Methods: Hierarchal logistic regression modelling was employed to evaluate associations between the increased use of alcohol during the pandemic and potential risk factors. Results: Participants in the medium and high adverse COVID-19 impact classes reported higher odds (AOR: 7.63, 95 % CI: 2.34–24.84) of increasing their alcohol use during the pandemic. Higher education (AOR: 7.63, 95 % CI: 2.34–24.84), immigration stress (AOR: 2.53, 95 % CI: 1.35–4.75), and drinking to cope (AOR: 1.13, 95 % CI: 1.06–1.19) were positively associated with increased alcohol use during the pandemic. Conclusion: Stressors stemming from adverse consequences resulting from the pandemic may negatively influence the alcohol use behaviors of US-born Latinos, which may potentially exacerbate existing racial/ethnic alcohol-related disparities.
{"title":"The Association Between Immigration-Related Stress, COVID-19 Impact, and Drinking Motives Among US-Born Latinos During the Pandemic","authors":"Gabrielle N. Scott, Pablo Montero-Zamora, Christian E. Vazquez, Miguel Pinedo","doi":"10.1177/00220426241281272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220426241281272","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The objective of the present study was to identify factors associated with increased alcohol use during the COVID-19 pandemic among a sample of drinkers and heavy drinkers US-born Latino adults. Methods: Hierarchal logistic regression modelling was employed to evaluate associations between the increased use of alcohol during the pandemic and potential risk factors. Results: Participants in the medium and high adverse COVID-19 impact classes reported higher odds (AOR: 7.63, 95 % CI: 2.34–24.84) of increasing their alcohol use during the pandemic. Higher education (AOR: 7.63, 95 % CI: 2.34–24.84), immigration stress (AOR: 2.53, 95 % CI: 1.35–4.75), and drinking to cope (AOR: 1.13, 95 % CI: 1.06–1.19) were positively associated with increased alcohol use during the pandemic. Conclusion: Stressors stemming from adverse consequences resulting from the pandemic may negatively influence the alcohol use behaviors of US-born Latinos, which may potentially exacerbate existing racial/ethnic alcohol-related disparities.","PeriodicalId":15626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Issues","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142202670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-05DOI: 10.1177/00220426241277779
Wonbin Her, Young Sam Oh
This study aims to examine the relationship between alcohol consumption and risky sexual behavior among Korean adolescents. Data from the 16th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey were utilized. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to test the effects of alcohol use on the probability of sex without contraception. The study matched 547 drinkers with 547 non-drinkers based on propensity score matching. In this study, the higher the alcohol consumption among adolescents, the more likely they are to engage in sex without contraception. Also, female adolescents’ alcohol consumption was found to be positively associated with risky sexual behaviors. This study highlights that the relationship between alcohol consumption and risky sexual behavior varied by gender. This suggests that adolescents’ risky sexual behaviors are influenced not only by drinking-related factors but also by personal characteristics.
{"title":"The Relationships Between Alcohol Drinking and Risky Sexual Behavior Among Korean Adolescents: Focusing on Heterosexual Adolescents","authors":"Wonbin Her, Young Sam Oh","doi":"10.1177/00220426241277779","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220426241277779","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to examine the relationship between alcohol consumption and risky sexual behavior among Korean adolescents. Data from the 16th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey were utilized. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to test the effects of alcohol use on the probability of sex without contraception. The study matched 547 drinkers with 547 non-drinkers based on propensity score matching. In this study, the higher the alcohol consumption among adolescents, the more likely they are to engage in sex without contraception. Also, female adolescents’ alcohol consumption was found to be positively associated with risky sexual behaviors. This study highlights that the relationship between alcohol consumption and risky sexual behavior varied by gender. This suggests that adolescents’ risky sexual behaviors are influenced not only by drinking-related factors but also by personal characteristics.","PeriodicalId":15626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Issues","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142225976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-03DOI: 10.1177/00220426241281297
Emeka W. Dumbili, Emmanuel C. Ezekwe, Ikenna D. Ebuenyi
Media reports show that methamphetamine use is growing in Nigeria, but there is a paucity of empirical research that examines the motivations for, and consequences of, using the drug. In this study, we explored motivations or reasons for methamphetamine use and implications among 18 users and service providers. We analysed the data thematically to generate themes. The findings show that while most users initiated methamphetamine use in friendship networks, drug dealing also facilitated the initiation. Some participants were motivated to use methamphetamine to stay awake at night and engage in online businesses, while others used the drug to enhance their energy for manual work to improve productivity and enhance sexual drive, performance and pleasure. Although participants believed that methamphetamine use performed some functions, they reported its adverse effects on them and their friends, including irritation, hostility, extreme violent behaviour, delusion, psychiatric disorders, and inability to urinate or defecate for seven days. Additional findings showed that stigma is a prominent barrier to accessing treatment. Therefore, individuals do not use treatment facilities until their condition deteriorates. The findings suggest the need for the urgent provision of information to deter people from methamphetamine uptake and to provide interventions and pathways to treatment that will protect people who use methamphetamine from stigmatisation and other forms of discrimination.
{"title":"Motivations for Methamphetamine (Mkpurummiri) Use and Consequences Among Nigerian Users","authors":"Emeka W. Dumbili, Emmanuel C. Ezekwe, Ikenna D. Ebuenyi","doi":"10.1177/00220426241281297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220426241281297","url":null,"abstract":"Media reports show that methamphetamine use is growing in Nigeria, but there is a paucity of empirical research that examines the motivations for, and consequences of, using the drug. In this study, we explored motivations or reasons for methamphetamine use and implications among 18 users and service providers. We analysed the data thematically to generate themes. The findings show that while most users initiated methamphetamine use in friendship networks, drug dealing also facilitated the initiation. Some participants were motivated to use methamphetamine to stay awake at night and engage in online businesses, while others used the drug to enhance their energy for manual work to improve productivity and enhance sexual drive, performance and pleasure. Although participants believed that methamphetamine use performed some functions, they reported its adverse effects on them and their friends, including irritation, hostility, extreme violent behaviour, delusion, psychiatric disorders, and inability to urinate or defecate for seven days. Additional findings showed that stigma is a prominent barrier to accessing treatment. Therefore, individuals do not use treatment facilities until their condition deteriorates. The findings suggest the need for the urgent provision of information to deter people from methamphetamine uptake and to provide interventions and pathways to treatment that will protect people who use methamphetamine from stigmatisation and other forms of discrimination.","PeriodicalId":15626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Issues","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142202693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-29DOI: 10.1177/00220426241278664
Maryanne Alderson Diaz, Ryan Fischer, Dina Perrone
With the ongoing opioid epidemic, evidence-based interventions are needed to prevent and respond to opioid-related overdoses. Overdose prevention sites (OPS) have been operating effectively internationally since the 1980s. In the United States, despite unprecedented numbers of overdose-related deaths, only two sites operate in New York City. California, generally a beacon of progressive policy, has been unable to implement a sanctioned facility. Using two waves of survey data (2017 and 2022), this paper seeks to answer the following research questions: (1) Do CA voters support overdose prevention sites? (2) How has support changed over time? And, (3) What factors contribute to the support and opposition of these programs? Results reveal that most respondents would support an OPS in California, despite the recent veto of such measures by California Governor Newsom. Further analyses examine factors that contribute to both support and opposition, as well as exploring potential avenues for reform.
{"title":"Understanding the Future of Harm Reduction in the United States: An Over-Time Analysis of California Voter Perceptions","authors":"Maryanne Alderson Diaz, Ryan Fischer, Dina Perrone","doi":"10.1177/00220426241278664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220426241278664","url":null,"abstract":"With the ongoing opioid epidemic, evidence-based interventions are needed to prevent and respond to opioid-related overdoses. Overdose prevention sites (OPS) have been operating effectively internationally since the 1980s. In the United States, despite unprecedented numbers of overdose-related deaths, only two sites operate in New York City. California, generally a beacon of progressive policy, has been unable to implement a sanctioned facility. Using two waves of survey data (2017 and 2022), this paper seeks to answer the following research questions: (1) Do CA voters support overdose prevention sites? (2) How has support changed over time? And, (3) What factors contribute to the support and opposition of these programs? Results reveal that most respondents would support an OPS in California, despite the recent veto of such measures by California Governor Newsom. Further analyses examine factors that contribute to both support and opposition, as well as exploring potential avenues for reform.","PeriodicalId":15626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Issues","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142202695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-29DOI: 10.1177/00220426241277772
Xiaoxia Cao
An online experiment was conducted among a convenience sample of non-Hispanic young Black and White Americans to test the dosage effects of anti-prescription opioid risk narratives (i.e., receiving zero, one, or two different narratives) on negative attitudes toward prescription opioids and intentions to avoid misusing prescription opioids while considering the mediating role of risk perceptions and the moderating role of prescription opioid misuse experience. The study also investigated how the misuse experience may affect risk narrative processing. It detected positive dosage effects on risk perceptions and negative attitudes as well as significant indirect positive dosage effects on the attitudes and behavioral intentions via risk perceptions. Further analysis showed that these positive effects existed only among participants with little experience of misusing prescription opioids. Those with some misuse experience were inclined to engage in defensive processing of the narratives. These findings have a number of theoretical and practical implications.
{"title":"Dosage Effects of Anti-prescription Opioid Risk Narratives, Prescription Opioid Misuse Experience, Risk Perceptions, and Message Processing","authors":"Xiaoxia Cao","doi":"10.1177/00220426241277772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220426241277772","url":null,"abstract":"An online experiment was conducted among a convenience sample of non-Hispanic young Black and White Americans to test the dosage effects of anti-prescription opioid risk narratives (i.e., receiving zero, one, or two different narratives) on negative attitudes toward prescription opioids and intentions to avoid misusing prescription opioids while considering the mediating role of risk perceptions and the moderating role of prescription opioid misuse experience. The study also investigated how the misuse experience may affect risk narrative processing. It detected positive dosage effects on risk perceptions and negative attitudes as well as significant indirect positive dosage effects on the attitudes and behavioral intentions via risk perceptions. Further analysis showed that these positive effects existed only among participants with little experience of misusing prescription opioids. Those with some misuse experience were inclined to engage in defensive processing of the narratives. These findings have a number of theoretical and practical implications.","PeriodicalId":15626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Issues","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142202696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-23DOI: 10.1177/00220426241277775
Maike Klein, Jeremy Dixon, Catherine Butler, David Best
Background: Although addiction therapists are faced with immense pressures to effectively support clients through relapses and overdose risks, the evidence base on relapse remains significantly limited. Aims: This study aims to generate novel understandings of substance misuse relapse from a lived experience perspective of addiction therapists. Methods: Data were generated through semi-structured interviews with seven addiction therapists across specialist addiction treatment services in England, and subsequently analyzed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Findings: The analysis revealed three superordinate themes around the impact that supporting clients through relapse has on addiction therapists’ psychological wellbeing, their treatment approaches, and their therapeutic relationships. Conclusion: Relapse can shape how therapists perceive and engage with recovery of their clients. Although therapists sometimes consider relapse as a positive experience, they often feel negative psychological effects from it, including emotional withdrawal, self-doubt, and compassion fatigue. This paper sets out the implications for policy, practice, and research.
{"title":"“It’s Almost as if I’ve Relapsed”: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis of Addiction Therapists’ Experiences With Supporting Their Clients Through Repeated Relapse","authors":"Maike Klein, Jeremy Dixon, Catherine Butler, David Best","doi":"10.1177/00220426241277775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220426241277775","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Although addiction therapists are faced with immense pressures to effectively support clients through relapses and overdose risks, the evidence base on relapse remains significantly limited. Aims: This study aims to generate novel understandings of substance misuse relapse from a lived experience perspective of addiction therapists. Methods: Data were generated through semi-structured interviews with seven addiction therapists across specialist addiction treatment services in England, and subsequently analyzed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Findings: The analysis revealed three superordinate themes around the impact that supporting clients through relapse has on addiction therapists’ psychological wellbeing, their treatment approaches, and their therapeutic relationships. Conclusion: Relapse can shape how therapists perceive and engage with recovery of their clients. Although therapists sometimes consider relapse as a positive experience, they often feel negative psychological effects from it, including emotional withdrawal, self-doubt, and compassion fatigue. This paper sets out the implications for policy, practice, and research.","PeriodicalId":15626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Issues","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142202697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-23DOI: 10.1177/00220426241277763
Amanda M. Bunting, Adetayo Fawole, Brittany Griffin, Joshua D. Lee, Carrie B. Oser, Jennifer McNeely
The current study aimed to understand motivations of high-risk polysubstance use. Semi-structured interviews were conducted in New York City with 20 individuals with frequent recent polysubstance use. Two analysts coded the interviews (κ = 93.97). Five themes related to motivation for polysubstance use were found: (1) balance, prolong, or enhance effects, (2) self-medicate physical ailments, (3) cope with emotional distress, (4) drug-induced cravings, and (5) responding to social contexts. Individuals reported simultaneous or sequential co-use to balance, prolong or enhance a ‘high’ (theme 1). Participants engaged in polysubstance use to alleviate withdrawal symptoms, to induce sleep and self-medicate physical pain (theme 2) and to provide relief from emotional distress (theme 3). Other themes included drug-induced cravings (theme 4) and responding to social contexts (theme 5) including both social situations and economic availability. Motivations for polysubstance use may provide important insight into harm reduction and treatment settings solutions.
{"title":"“I Can Combine Those Things to be a Superhero” a Qualitative Study of the Motivations for High-Risk Polysubstance Use","authors":"Amanda M. Bunting, Adetayo Fawole, Brittany Griffin, Joshua D. Lee, Carrie B. Oser, Jennifer McNeely","doi":"10.1177/00220426241277763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220426241277763","url":null,"abstract":"The current study aimed to understand motivations of high-risk polysubstance use. Semi-structured interviews were conducted in New York City with 20 individuals with frequent recent polysubstance use. Two analysts coded the interviews (κ = 93.97). Five themes related to motivation for polysubstance use were found: (1) balance, prolong, or enhance effects, (2) self-medicate physical ailments, (3) cope with emotional distress, (4) drug-induced cravings, and (5) responding to social contexts. Individuals reported simultaneous or sequential co-use to balance, prolong or enhance a ‘high’ (theme 1). Participants engaged in polysubstance use to alleviate withdrawal symptoms, to induce sleep and self-medicate physical pain (theme 2) and to provide relief from emotional distress (theme 3). Other themes included drug-induced cravings (theme 4) and responding to social contexts (theme 5) including both social situations and economic availability. Motivations for polysubstance use may provide important insight into harm reduction and treatment settings solutions.","PeriodicalId":15626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Issues","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142202698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-23DOI: 10.1177/00220426241274737
Heith Copes, Andy Hochstetler, Jared Ragland, Peter S. Hendricks
Our aim is to understand how those who use peyote in a naturalistic setting discuss it changed their lives and to what they attribute this change. To do this, we draw on data from a photo-ethnography of people who attended peyote ceremonies in rural Northcentral Alabama. Broadly, we found that participants discussed four core areas of change: reduced drug and alcohol misuse, new perspectives on life, improved mental health, and improved physical health. The duration of the experienced change varied for each type of change. Participants attributed change to improved ability to endure challenges, rewiring of the brain, and connecting with spiritual selves. Findings give insights into how people experience and make sense of change from peyote. In addition, the findings suggest specific areas of research for those interested in clinical and therapeutic settings relating to peyote in particular, and psychedelics in general.
{"title":"Hitting the Reset Button: Ceremonial Use of Peyote and Experiences of Personal Change","authors":"Heith Copes, Andy Hochstetler, Jared Ragland, Peter S. Hendricks","doi":"10.1177/00220426241274737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220426241274737","url":null,"abstract":"Our aim is to understand how those who use peyote in a naturalistic setting discuss it changed their lives and to what they attribute this change. To do this, we draw on data from a photo-ethnography of people who attended peyote ceremonies in rural Northcentral Alabama. Broadly, we found that participants discussed four core areas of change: reduced drug and alcohol misuse, new perspectives on life, improved mental health, and improved physical health. The duration of the experienced change varied for each type of change. Participants attributed change to improved ability to endure challenges, rewiring of the brain, and connecting with spiritual selves. Findings give insights into how people experience and make sense of change from peyote. In addition, the findings suggest specific areas of research for those interested in clinical and therapeutic settings relating to peyote in particular, and psychedelics in general.","PeriodicalId":15626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Issues","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142202701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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