Pub Date : 2024-09-03DOI: 10.1177/00220426241281297
Emeka W. Dumbili, Emmanuel C. Ezekwe, Ikenna D. Ebuenyi
Media reports show that methamphetamine use is growing in Nigeria, but there is a paucity of empirical research that examines the motivations for, and consequences of, using the drug. In this study, we explored motivations or reasons for methamphetamine use and implications among 18 users and service providers. We analysed the data thematically to generate themes. The findings show that while most users initiated methamphetamine use in friendship networks, drug dealing also facilitated the initiation. Some participants were motivated to use methamphetamine to stay awake at night and engage in online businesses, while others used the drug to enhance their energy for manual work to improve productivity and enhance sexual drive, performance and pleasure. Although participants believed that methamphetamine use performed some functions, they reported its adverse effects on them and their friends, including irritation, hostility, extreme violent behaviour, delusion, psychiatric disorders, and inability to urinate or defecate for seven days. Additional findings showed that stigma is a prominent barrier to accessing treatment. Therefore, individuals do not use treatment facilities until their condition deteriorates. The findings suggest the need for the urgent provision of information to deter people from methamphetamine uptake and to provide interventions and pathways to treatment that will protect people who use methamphetamine from stigmatisation and other forms of discrimination.
{"title":"Motivations for Methamphetamine (Mkpurummiri) Use and Consequences Among Nigerian Users","authors":"Emeka W. Dumbili, Emmanuel C. Ezekwe, Ikenna D. Ebuenyi","doi":"10.1177/00220426241281297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220426241281297","url":null,"abstract":"Media reports show that methamphetamine use is growing in Nigeria, but there is a paucity of empirical research that examines the motivations for, and consequences of, using the drug. In this study, we explored motivations or reasons for methamphetamine use and implications among 18 users and service providers. We analysed the data thematically to generate themes. The findings show that while most users initiated methamphetamine use in friendship networks, drug dealing also facilitated the initiation. Some participants were motivated to use methamphetamine to stay awake at night and engage in online businesses, while others used the drug to enhance their energy for manual work to improve productivity and enhance sexual drive, performance and pleasure. Although participants believed that methamphetamine use performed some functions, they reported its adverse effects on them and their friends, including irritation, hostility, extreme violent behaviour, delusion, psychiatric disorders, and inability to urinate or defecate for seven days. Additional findings showed that stigma is a prominent barrier to accessing treatment. Therefore, individuals do not use treatment facilities until their condition deteriorates. The findings suggest the need for the urgent provision of information to deter people from methamphetamine uptake and to provide interventions and pathways to treatment that will protect people who use methamphetamine from stigmatisation and other forms of discrimination.","PeriodicalId":15626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Issues","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142202693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-29DOI: 10.1177/00220426241278664
Maryanne Alderson Diaz, Ryan Fischer, Dina Perrone
With the ongoing opioid epidemic, evidence-based interventions are needed to prevent and respond to opioid-related overdoses. Overdose prevention sites (OPS) have been operating effectively internationally since the 1980s. In the United States, despite unprecedented numbers of overdose-related deaths, only two sites operate in New York City. California, generally a beacon of progressive policy, has been unable to implement a sanctioned facility. Using two waves of survey data (2017 and 2022), this paper seeks to answer the following research questions: (1) Do CA voters support overdose prevention sites? (2) How has support changed over time? And, (3) What factors contribute to the support and opposition of these programs? Results reveal that most respondents would support an OPS in California, despite the recent veto of such measures by California Governor Newsom. Further analyses examine factors that contribute to both support and opposition, as well as exploring potential avenues for reform.
{"title":"Understanding the Future of Harm Reduction in the United States: An Over-Time Analysis of California Voter Perceptions","authors":"Maryanne Alderson Diaz, Ryan Fischer, Dina Perrone","doi":"10.1177/00220426241278664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220426241278664","url":null,"abstract":"With the ongoing opioid epidemic, evidence-based interventions are needed to prevent and respond to opioid-related overdoses. Overdose prevention sites (OPS) have been operating effectively internationally since the 1980s. In the United States, despite unprecedented numbers of overdose-related deaths, only two sites operate in New York City. California, generally a beacon of progressive policy, has been unable to implement a sanctioned facility. Using two waves of survey data (2017 and 2022), this paper seeks to answer the following research questions: (1) Do CA voters support overdose prevention sites? (2) How has support changed over time? And, (3) What factors contribute to the support and opposition of these programs? Results reveal that most respondents would support an OPS in California, despite the recent veto of such measures by California Governor Newsom. Further analyses examine factors that contribute to both support and opposition, as well as exploring potential avenues for reform.","PeriodicalId":15626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Issues","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142202695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-29DOI: 10.1177/00220426241277772
Xiaoxia Cao
An online experiment was conducted among a convenience sample of non-Hispanic young Black and White Americans to test the dosage effects of anti-prescription opioid risk narratives (i.e., receiving zero, one, or two different narratives) on negative attitudes toward prescription opioids and intentions to avoid misusing prescription opioids while considering the mediating role of risk perceptions and the moderating role of prescription opioid misuse experience. The study also investigated how the misuse experience may affect risk narrative processing. It detected positive dosage effects on risk perceptions and negative attitudes as well as significant indirect positive dosage effects on the attitudes and behavioral intentions via risk perceptions. Further analysis showed that these positive effects existed only among participants with little experience of misusing prescription opioids. Those with some misuse experience were inclined to engage in defensive processing of the narratives. These findings have a number of theoretical and practical implications.
{"title":"Dosage Effects of Anti-prescription Opioid Risk Narratives, Prescription Opioid Misuse Experience, Risk Perceptions, and Message Processing","authors":"Xiaoxia Cao","doi":"10.1177/00220426241277772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220426241277772","url":null,"abstract":"An online experiment was conducted among a convenience sample of non-Hispanic young Black and White Americans to test the dosage effects of anti-prescription opioid risk narratives (i.e., receiving zero, one, or two different narratives) on negative attitudes toward prescription opioids and intentions to avoid misusing prescription opioids while considering the mediating role of risk perceptions and the moderating role of prescription opioid misuse experience. The study also investigated how the misuse experience may affect risk narrative processing. It detected positive dosage effects on risk perceptions and negative attitudes as well as significant indirect positive dosage effects on the attitudes and behavioral intentions via risk perceptions. Further analysis showed that these positive effects existed only among participants with little experience of misusing prescription opioids. Those with some misuse experience were inclined to engage in defensive processing of the narratives. These findings have a number of theoretical and practical implications.","PeriodicalId":15626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Issues","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142202696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-23DOI: 10.1177/00220426241277775
Maike Klein, Jeremy Dixon, Catherine Butler, David Best
Background: Although addiction therapists are faced with immense pressures to effectively support clients through relapses and overdose risks, the evidence base on relapse remains significantly limited. Aims: This study aims to generate novel understandings of substance misuse relapse from a lived experience perspective of addiction therapists. Methods: Data were generated through semi-structured interviews with seven addiction therapists across specialist addiction treatment services in England, and subsequently analyzed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Findings: The analysis revealed three superordinate themes around the impact that supporting clients through relapse has on addiction therapists’ psychological wellbeing, their treatment approaches, and their therapeutic relationships. Conclusion: Relapse can shape how therapists perceive and engage with recovery of their clients. Although therapists sometimes consider relapse as a positive experience, they often feel negative psychological effects from it, including emotional withdrawal, self-doubt, and compassion fatigue. This paper sets out the implications for policy, practice, and research.
{"title":"“It’s Almost as if I’ve Relapsed”: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis of Addiction Therapists’ Experiences With Supporting Their Clients Through Repeated Relapse","authors":"Maike Klein, Jeremy Dixon, Catherine Butler, David Best","doi":"10.1177/00220426241277775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220426241277775","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Although addiction therapists are faced with immense pressures to effectively support clients through relapses and overdose risks, the evidence base on relapse remains significantly limited. Aims: This study aims to generate novel understandings of substance misuse relapse from a lived experience perspective of addiction therapists. Methods: Data were generated through semi-structured interviews with seven addiction therapists across specialist addiction treatment services in England, and subsequently analyzed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Findings: The analysis revealed three superordinate themes around the impact that supporting clients through relapse has on addiction therapists’ psychological wellbeing, their treatment approaches, and their therapeutic relationships. Conclusion: Relapse can shape how therapists perceive and engage with recovery of their clients. Although therapists sometimes consider relapse as a positive experience, they often feel negative psychological effects from it, including emotional withdrawal, self-doubt, and compassion fatigue. This paper sets out the implications for policy, practice, and research.","PeriodicalId":15626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Issues","volume":"119 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142202697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-23DOI: 10.1177/00220426241277763
Amanda M. Bunting, Adetayo Fawole, Brittany Griffin, Joshua D. Lee, Carrie B. Oser, Jennifer McNeely
The current study aimed to understand motivations of high-risk polysubstance use. Semi-structured interviews were conducted in New York City with 20 individuals with frequent recent polysubstance use. Two analysts coded the interviews (κ = 93.97). Five themes related to motivation for polysubstance use were found: (1) balance, prolong, or enhance effects, (2) self-medicate physical ailments, (3) cope with emotional distress, (4) drug-induced cravings, and (5) responding to social contexts. Individuals reported simultaneous or sequential co-use to balance, prolong or enhance a ‘high’ (theme 1). Participants engaged in polysubstance use to alleviate withdrawal symptoms, to induce sleep and self-medicate physical pain (theme 2) and to provide relief from emotional distress (theme 3). Other themes included drug-induced cravings (theme 4) and responding to social contexts (theme 5) including both social situations and economic availability. Motivations for polysubstance use may provide important insight into harm reduction and treatment settings solutions.
{"title":"“I Can Combine Those Things to be a Superhero” a Qualitative Study of the Motivations for High-Risk Polysubstance Use","authors":"Amanda M. Bunting, Adetayo Fawole, Brittany Griffin, Joshua D. Lee, Carrie B. Oser, Jennifer McNeely","doi":"10.1177/00220426241277763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220426241277763","url":null,"abstract":"The current study aimed to understand motivations of high-risk polysubstance use. Semi-structured interviews were conducted in New York City with 20 individuals with frequent recent polysubstance use. Two analysts coded the interviews (κ = 93.97). Five themes related to motivation for polysubstance use were found: (1) balance, prolong, or enhance effects, (2) self-medicate physical ailments, (3) cope with emotional distress, (4) drug-induced cravings, and (5) responding to social contexts. Individuals reported simultaneous or sequential co-use to balance, prolong or enhance a ‘high’ (theme 1). Participants engaged in polysubstance use to alleviate withdrawal symptoms, to induce sleep and self-medicate physical pain (theme 2) and to provide relief from emotional distress (theme 3). Other themes included drug-induced cravings (theme 4) and responding to social contexts (theme 5) including both social situations and economic availability. Motivations for polysubstance use may provide important insight into harm reduction and treatment settings solutions.","PeriodicalId":15626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Issues","volume":"106 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142202698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-23DOI: 10.1177/00220426241274737
Heith Copes, Andy Hochstetler, Jared Ragland, Peter S. Hendricks
Our aim is to understand how those who use peyote in a naturalistic setting discuss it changed their lives and to what they attribute this change. To do this, we draw on data from a photo-ethnography of people who attended peyote ceremonies in rural Northcentral Alabama. Broadly, we found that participants discussed four core areas of change: reduced drug and alcohol misuse, new perspectives on life, improved mental health, and improved physical health. The duration of the experienced change varied for each type of change. Participants attributed change to improved ability to endure challenges, rewiring of the brain, and connecting with spiritual selves. Findings give insights into how people experience and make sense of change from peyote. In addition, the findings suggest specific areas of research for those interested in clinical and therapeutic settings relating to peyote in particular, and psychedelics in general.
{"title":"Hitting the Reset Button: Ceremonial Use of Peyote and Experiences of Personal Change","authors":"Heith Copes, Andy Hochstetler, Jared Ragland, Peter S. Hendricks","doi":"10.1177/00220426241274737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220426241274737","url":null,"abstract":"Our aim is to understand how those who use peyote in a naturalistic setting discuss it changed their lives and to what they attribute this change. To do this, we draw on data from a photo-ethnography of people who attended peyote ceremonies in rural Northcentral Alabama. Broadly, we found that participants discussed four core areas of change: reduced drug and alcohol misuse, new perspectives on life, improved mental health, and improved physical health. The duration of the experienced change varied for each type of change. Participants attributed change to improved ability to endure challenges, rewiring of the brain, and connecting with spiritual selves. Findings give insights into how people experience and make sense of change from peyote. In addition, the findings suggest specific areas of research for those interested in clinical and therapeutic settings relating to peyote in particular, and psychedelics in general.","PeriodicalId":15626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Issues","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142202701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-23DOI: 10.1177/00220426241277769
Aleksandra J. Snowden, Constance A. Kostelac, Felice F. Borisy-Rudin, William Alex Pridemore
Firearm violence is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among young men in the US. While an association of alcohol availability with violence is well established, the mechanisms through which it operates are unclear, and the role of alcohol availability in firearm violence specifically is less often studied. In this study we examined the effects of off-premises alcohol outlet characteristics on firearm violence in their immediate environs in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Firearm violence was 1.5–3 times higher in areas near off-premises retail alcohol outlets, with levels on the higher end of the range when outlets possessed certain characteristics, specifically graffiti, greater foot traffic, loitering, or younger clientele. Examining alcohol outlet characteristics provides insight into mechanisms driving the alcohol-violence association and may aid in harm reduction.
{"title":"Firearm Violence and Off-Premises Alcohol Outlets: The Role of Outlet Characteristics and Distance","authors":"Aleksandra J. Snowden, Constance A. Kostelac, Felice F. Borisy-Rudin, William Alex Pridemore","doi":"10.1177/00220426241277769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220426241277769","url":null,"abstract":"Firearm violence is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among young men in the US. While an association of alcohol availability with violence is well established, the mechanisms through which it operates are unclear, and the role of alcohol availability in firearm violence specifically is less often studied. In this study we examined the effects of off-premises alcohol outlet characteristics on firearm violence in their immediate environs in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Firearm violence was 1.5–3 times higher in areas near off-premises retail alcohol outlets, with levels on the higher end of the range when outlets possessed certain characteristics, specifically graffiti, greater foot traffic, loitering, or younger clientele. Examining alcohol outlet characteristics provides insight into mechanisms driving the alcohol-violence association and may aid in harm reduction.","PeriodicalId":15626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Issues","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142202699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-19DOI: 10.1177/00220426241274753
Nathaniel A. Dell, Charvonne Long, Christopher P. Salas-Wright, Michael G. Vaughn, Hannah S. Szlyk, Patricia Cavazos-Rehg
Background: Unhoused young adults aged 18–24 years are at increased risk of substance misuse relative to the general population and experience unique barriers to engaging in treatment. This study evaluates predictors of treatment completion for unhoused young adults receiving substance use treatment. Methods: Predictive models were generated on data from the 2020 Treatment Episode Data Set-Discharges. The sample included treatment discharges involving unhoused adults aged 18–24 years ( N = 12,273). Model performance was assessed by inspecting several evaluative metrics. Results: Overall, each model performed relatively well (AUC: 0.7234–0.7753). Classification models trained on balanced data predicted a higher proportion of treatment completers. Models trained on balanced data also achieved higher balanced accuracy and F1 scores relative to models trained on imbalanced data. Conclusions: Findings reveal multiple features important in the accurate classification of treatment completion, which may be useful for developing individualized interventions to support clients’ engagement in treatment services.
背景：与普通人相比，18-24 岁无住房的年轻成年人滥用药物的风险更高，而且在接受治疗时会遇到独特的障碍。本研究对接受药物使用治疗的无家可归的年轻人完成治疗的预测因素进行了评估。方法：根据 2020 年治疗事件数据集-出院数据生成预测模型。样本包括涉及 18-24 岁无住房成年人的治疗出院数据（N = 12273）。通过检查几个评价指标来评估模型性能。结果：总体而言，每个模型的表现都相对较好（AUC：0.7234-0.7753）。根据平衡数据训练的分类模型预测出的治疗完成者比例更高。与在不平衡数据上训练的模型相比，在平衡数据上训练的模型也获得了更高的平衡准确率和 F1 分数。结论：研究结果揭示了准确分类治疗完成情况的多个重要特征，这些特征可能有助于制定个性化干预措施，支持客户参与治疗服务。
{"title":"Substance Use Treatment Completion Among Unhoused Young Adults: A Predictive Modeling Approach","authors":"Nathaniel A. Dell, Charvonne Long, Christopher P. Salas-Wright, Michael G. Vaughn, Hannah S. Szlyk, Patricia Cavazos-Rehg","doi":"10.1177/00220426241274753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220426241274753","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Unhoused young adults aged 18–24 years are at increased risk of substance misuse relative to the general population and experience unique barriers to engaging in treatment. This study evaluates predictors of treatment completion for unhoused young adults receiving substance use treatment. Methods: Predictive models were generated on data from the 2020 Treatment Episode Data Set-Discharges. The sample included treatment discharges involving unhoused adults aged 18–24 years ( N = 12,273). Model performance was assessed by inspecting several evaluative metrics. Results: Overall, each model performed relatively well (AUC: 0.7234–0.7753). Classification models trained on balanced data predicted a higher proportion of treatment completers. Models trained on balanced data also achieved higher balanced accuracy and F1 scores relative to models trained on imbalanced data. Conclusions: Findings reveal multiple features important in the accurate classification of treatment completion, which may be useful for developing individualized interventions to support clients’ engagement in treatment services.","PeriodicalId":15626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Issues","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142202557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-02DOI: 10.1177/00220426241269828
Niamh Power, Léonie Archambault, Michel Perreault
Changes to the landscape of opioid use have occurred throughout the past two decades. Opioid agonist treatment (OAT) plays an important role in reducing opioid-related harms. Yet, people with opioid use disorder (PWOUD) face issues with access and retention. This scoping review sought to provide an up-to-date synthesis on barriers and facilitators to OAT. Ninety-three studies were included. Major barriers included cost, waiting lists, and negative public attitudes toward treatment. Prominent facilitators included OAT education and flexible treatment conditions such as telehealth-delivered OAT. In prison settings, limited support with treatment referral was a barrier. Fear of judgement was a challenge for pregnant people. There was a lack of information on barriers and facilitators specific to PWOUD dealing with chronic pain or mental health comorbidities. Results highlight new challenges in reaching an increasingly heterogeneous PWOUD population. Findings underline the potential for recent advancements in treatment modalities to promote access and retention.
{"title":"New Challenges and Opportunities for Opioid Agonist Treatment Access and Retention: A Scoping Review","authors":"Niamh Power, Léonie Archambault, Michel Perreault","doi":"10.1177/00220426241269828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220426241269828","url":null,"abstract":"Changes to the landscape of opioid use have occurred throughout the past two decades. Opioid agonist treatment (OAT) plays an important role in reducing opioid-related harms. Yet, people with opioid use disorder (PWOUD) face issues with access and retention. This scoping review sought to provide an up-to-date synthesis on barriers and facilitators to OAT. Ninety-three studies were included. Major barriers included cost, waiting lists, and negative public attitudes toward treatment. Prominent facilitators included OAT education and flexible treatment conditions such as telehealth-delivered OAT. In prison settings, limited support with treatment referral was a barrier. Fear of judgement was a challenge for pregnant people. There was a lack of information on barriers and facilitators specific to PWOUD dealing with chronic pain or mental health comorbidities. Results highlight new challenges in reaching an increasingly heterogeneous PWOUD population. Findings underline the potential for recent advancements in treatment modalities to promote access and retention.","PeriodicalId":15626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Issues","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141882824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-02DOI: 10.1177/00220426241269992
Mary M. Levi, J. Matthew Webster, Martha Tillson, Jaxin Annett, Carrie B. Oser, Laura C. Fanucchi, Michele Staton
Despite the overwhelmingly negative impacts of substance use stigma, little is known about how multiple, overlapping stigmatized identities, experiences, or characteristics (henceforth stigmas) may be related to perceived substance use stigma, especially in a sample of women who are incarcerated. The current study profiled stigmas reported by women in jail with substance use histories and investigated the relationship between the number of overlapping stigmas reported and perceptions of substance use stigma. Exploratory analyses examined the relationship between each individual stigma and substance use stigma. Findings suggest that individuals who reported more stigmas reported higher substance use stigma scores. Additionally, exploratory results suggested that rurality, transactional sex, injection drug use, methamphetamine use, being diagnosed with a mood disorder, experiencing sexual abuse or assault, and child custody loss were uniquely associated with increased substance use stigma. Results are discussed in terms of implications for stigma interventions and substance use treatment engagement.
{"title":"An Exploratory Study of Overlapping Stigmas and Substance Use Stigma Among Women With Substance Use Histories Who are Incarcerated","authors":"Mary M. Levi, J. Matthew Webster, Martha Tillson, Jaxin Annett, Carrie B. Oser, Laura C. Fanucchi, Michele Staton","doi":"10.1177/00220426241269992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220426241269992","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the overwhelmingly negative impacts of substance use stigma, little is known about how multiple, overlapping stigmatized identities, experiences, or characteristics (henceforth stigmas) may be related to perceived substance use stigma, especially in a sample of women who are incarcerated. The current study profiled stigmas reported by women in jail with substance use histories and investigated the relationship between the number of overlapping stigmas reported and perceptions of substance use stigma. Exploratory analyses examined the relationship between each individual stigma and substance use stigma. Findings suggest that individuals who reported more stigmas reported higher substance use stigma scores. Additionally, exploratory results suggested that rurality, transactional sex, injection drug use, methamphetamine use, being diagnosed with a mood disorder, experiencing sexual abuse or assault, and child custody loss were uniquely associated with increased substance use stigma. Results are discussed in terms of implications for stigma interventions and substance use treatment engagement.","PeriodicalId":15626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Issues","volume":"342 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141882823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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