W. Syed, Muthukkaruppan Menaka, S. Parimalakrishnan, V. Yamasani
Objective: The present study aims to evaluate the association between sociodemographic characteristics and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among diabetic patients attending a clinic situated in the Warangal region of Telangana, India. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted for 8 months in the diabetes outpatients’ clinic in the Warangal region, Telangana, India. A total of 402 patients were included in that study. The patients were assessed for QoL using the HRQoL-8-dimensional scale, which covers mainly Role Restriction Due to Physical Illness (6 items), Strength and Stamina (6 items), Health in General (3 items), Satisfaction with the Treatment (4 items), Symptoms Botherless (3 items), Financial Worries (3 items), Mental Health (5-items), and Satisfaction with Diet (2 items). All the items were assessed on a five-point Likert scale. Results: The mean age of the patients was 52.39 ± 11.01 (mean±SD). There was a statistically significant association between education and physical health (P=0.015), treatment satisfaction (P=0.006), emotional health (P=0.038), and diet satisfaction domain of HRQoL (P=0.006). The type of medication is associated with treatment satisfaction, financial worry, emotional health, and diet satisfaction (P=0.001). The patient’s employment status is significantly different from the general health, financial, and emotional health of HRQoL (P=0.001). However, treatment satisfaction (P=0.044) alone was significantly associated with years of having diabetes. Conclusion: Adhering to treatment guidelines and provider recommendations helps patients to lead a healthy lifestyle.
{"title":"Evaluation of the association between social determinants and health-related quality of life among diabetic patients attending an outpatient clinic in the Warangal region, Telangana, India","authors":"W. Syed, Muthukkaruppan Menaka, S. Parimalakrishnan, V. Yamasani","doi":"10.4103/jod.jod_51_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jod.jod_51_22","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The present study aims to evaluate the association between sociodemographic characteristics and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among diabetic patients attending a clinic situated in the Warangal region of Telangana, India. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted for 8 months in the diabetes outpatients’ clinic in the Warangal region, Telangana, India. A total of 402 patients were included in that study. The patients were assessed for QoL using the HRQoL-8-dimensional scale, which covers mainly Role Restriction Due to Physical Illness (6 items), Strength and Stamina (6 items), Health in General (3 items), Satisfaction with the Treatment (4 items), Symptoms Botherless (3 items), Financial Worries (3 items), Mental Health (5-items), and Satisfaction with Diet (2 items). All the items were assessed on a five-point Likert scale. Results: The mean age of the patients was 52.39 ± 11.01 (mean±SD). There was a statistically significant association between education and physical health (P=0.015), treatment satisfaction (P=0.006), emotional health (P=0.038), and diet satisfaction domain of HRQoL (P=0.006). The type of medication is associated with treatment satisfaction, financial worry, emotional health, and diet satisfaction (P=0.001). The patient’s employment status is significantly different from the general health, financial, and emotional health of HRQoL (P=0.001). However, treatment satisfaction (P=0.044) alone was significantly associated with years of having diabetes. Conclusion: Adhering to treatment guidelines and provider recommendations helps patients to lead a healthy lifestyle.","PeriodicalId":15627,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetology","volume":"32 1","pages":"285 - 293"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72988749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Sethi, S. Kalra, S. Bhattacharya, Anand Kumar, Madhukar Rai, Manoj Srivastava, Srinath A, Ajay Budhwar, Savita Jain, Harish Rastogi, P. Gandhi, G. Vijay Kumar, Joe Georje, M. Abhyankar, A. Prasad, Prashant Sarda
Objective: The objective was to evaluate the clinical experience and treatment patterns of generic dapagliflozin usage in different patient profiles in Indian settings. Materials and Methods: A retrospective, multicentric, real-world study included patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (aged >18 years), inadequately controlled by existing antidiabetic therapy and receiving generic dapagliflozin as an add-on to existing oral antidiabetic drug(s) with or without insulin or switch therapy. Baseline characteristics and treatment-related outcomes were retrieved from the medical records and analyzed. Results: A total of 1935 patients were included, of which 1279 (66.1%) were males. The mean age was 57.4 years, and around half of the patients (51.4%) were aged from 45 to 60 years. Hypertension (55.9%) and dyslipidemia (19.8%) were the common comorbidities. The majority (n = 1122; 60%) of patients received dapagliflozin in combination with one or two antihyperglycemic drugs. More than half of the patients received metformin (56.8%) or sulfonylurea (52.3%) in combination with dapagliflozin. A dose of 10 mg (93.4%) was the most commonly used dose of dapagliflozin. The mean levels of glycated hemoglobin, fasting plasma glucose, and postprandial plasma glucose were significantly reduced to 1.1% (1.0–1.1), 30.5 mg/dL (29.2–31.9), and 57.5 mg/dL (55.1–59.9), respectively, after the initiation of dapagliflozin. A total of 1935 patients experienced weight changes during the treatment, of which 90.5% of patients showed weight loss. Hypoglycemic events were reported in 12.5% of patients. Physician global evaluation of efficacy and tolerability showed a majority of patients on a good-to-excellent scale (97.3% and 97.1%). Conclusion: Generic dapagliflozin showed a significant improvement in glycemic parameters and reduced body weight with low hypoglycemic events. The administration of dapagliflozin provided a good-to-excellent efficacy and tolerability profile in patients with T2DM. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study confirming the efficacy, safety, and usefulness of generic dapagliflozin in patients with T2DM.
{"title":"Real-world evidence of generic dapagliflozin: Relevance and results from Indian multicenter retrospective study","authors":"B. Sethi, S. Kalra, S. Bhattacharya, Anand Kumar, Madhukar Rai, Manoj Srivastava, Srinath A, Ajay Budhwar, Savita Jain, Harish Rastogi, P. Gandhi, G. Vijay Kumar, Joe Georje, M. Abhyankar, A. Prasad, Prashant Sarda","doi":"10.4103/jod.jod_133_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jod.jod_133_21","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The objective was to evaluate the clinical experience and treatment patterns of generic dapagliflozin usage in different patient profiles in Indian settings. Materials and Methods: A retrospective, multicentric, real-world study included patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (aged >18 years), inadequately controlled by existing antidiabetic therapy and receiving generic dapagliflozin as an add-on to existing oral antidiabetic drug(s) with or without insulin or switch therapy. Baseline characteristics and treatment-related outcomes were retrieved from the medical records and analyzed. Results: A total of 1935 patients were included, of which 1279 (66.1%) were males. The mean age was 57.4 years, and around half of the patients (51.4%) were aged from 45 to 60 years. Hypertension (55.9%) and dyslipidemia (19.8%) were the common comorbidities. The majority (n = 1122; 60%) of patients received dapagliflozin in combination with one or two antihyperglycemic drugs. More than half of the patients received metformin (56.8%) or sulfonylurea (52.3%) in combination with dapagliflozin. A dose of 10 mg (93.4%) was the most commonly used dose of dapagliflozin. The mean levels of glycated hemoglobin, fasting plasma glucose, and postprandial plasma glucose were significantly reduced to 1.1% (1.0–1.1), 30.5 mg/dL (29.2–31.9), and 57.5 mg/dL (55.1–59.9), respectively, after the initiation of dapagliflozin. A total of 1935 patients experienced weight changes during the treatment, of which 90.5% of patients showed weight loss. Hypoglycemic events were reported in 12.5% of patients. Physician global evaluation of efficacy and tolerability showed a majority of patients on a good-to-excellent scale (97.3% and 97.1%). Conclusion: Generic dapagliflozin showed a significant improvement in glycemic parameters and reduced body weight with low hypoglycemic events. The administration of dapagliflozin provided a good-to-excellent efficacy and tolerability profile in patients with T2DM. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study confirming the efficacy, safety, and usefulness of generic dapagliflozin in patients with T2DM.","PeriodicalId":15627,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetology","volume":"32 1","pages":"242 - 248"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79132391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sanjeev Supakar, S. Nayak, Lipika Behera, J. Kshatri, P. Pradhan
Objective: The objective of this review was to summarize and compare the estimates of diabetes among adults in community and hospital-based settings in Odisha, India. Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a major non-communicable disease as well as a risk factor. In a vast and diverse country such as India, where health is a state subject, regional synthesized and up to date estimates of DM burden is necessary for informed policy making. No such estimates are currently available for the state of Odisha. Materials and Methods: Peer‑reviewed published original research articles related to prevalence DM in the state of Odisha published between 2011 and 2022 were retrieved from 4 medical databases and analysed. Study screening, selection, data extraction and critical appraisal was done by 2 independent review authors. Data synthesis and assessment of certainty of the evidence was done in meta-analysis of the results. Results: A total of 15 studies, that included 17339 participants, with overall good methodological quality were included in the review. The overall prevalence of DM among adults in the state of Odisha based on Community based surveys was 6.8% (95% CI: 2.3–13.4%). The prevalence in older adults aged 60 years or above is higher at 22.2% (95% CI: 8.6–39.9%). The prevalence in studies that relied on self-reported methods of screening was 4.8% (95% CI: 1.7–9.3%) as compared to those that diagnosed participants based on standard criteria (12.1%; 95% CI: 8.1–16.7%). Conclusions: We found a high prevalence of DM in the state of Odisha, which was higher than previously available national and regional estimates. This prevalence was much lower in community-based studies and in self-reported surveys pointing towards significant under diagnosis of hypertension in the state of Odisha and highlighting a need for a robust community-based screening program among adults in the state.
{"title":"Prevalence of diabetes in Odisha, India: A systematic review and meta analysis","authors":"Sanjeev Supakar, S. Nayak, Lipika Behera, J. Kshatri, P. Pradhan","doi":"10.4103/jod.jod_53_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jod.jod_53_22","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The objective of this review was to summarize and compare the estimates of diabetes among adults in community and hospital-based settings in Odisha, India. Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a major non-communicable disease as well as a risk factor. In a vast and diverse country such as India, where health is a state subject, regional synthesized and up to date estimates of DM burden is necessary for informed policy making. No such estimates are currently available for the state of Odisha. Materials and Methods: Peer‑reviewed published original research articles related to prevalence DM in the state of Odisha published between 2011 and 2022 were retrieved from 4 medical databases and analysed. Study screening, selection, data extraction and critical appraisal was done by 2 independent review authors. Data synthesis and assessment of certainty of the evidence was done in meta-analysis of the results. Results: A total of 15 studies, that included 17339 participants, with overall good methodological quality were included in the review. The overall prevalence of DM among adults in the state of Odisha based on Community based surveys was 6.8% (95% CI: 2.3–13.4%). The prevalence in older adults aged 60 years or above is higher at 22.2% (95% CI: 8.6–39.9%). The prevalence in studies that relied on self-reported methods of screening was 4.8% (95% CI: 1.7–9.3%) as compared to those that diagnosed participants based on standard criteria (12.1%; 95% CI: 8.1–16.7%). Conclusions: We found a high prevalence of DM in the state of Odisha, which was higher than previously available national and regional estimates. This prevalence was much lower in community-based studies and in self-reported surveys pointing towards significant under diagnosis of hypertension in the state of Odisha and highlighting a need for a robust community-based screening program among adults in the state.","PeriodicalId":15627,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetology","volume":"12 1","pages":"227 - 234"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81920706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: To assess the bioequivalence of 10 mg dapagliflozin tablets compared with that of 10 mg Farxiga® (dapagliflozin) tablets of AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP, USA in healthy, adult volunteers under fasting conditions. Materials and Methods: This was an open-label, balanced, randomized, two-treatment, two-period, two-sequence, single-dose, crossover, oral bioequivalence study. Volunteers were randomized to receive either test product or reference product of 10 mg dapagliflozin tablets under the fasting condition with a nine-day washout period. The primary pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters were maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), area under the curve (AUC) at time t (AUCt), and AUC extrapolated to infinity (AUCinf). Adverse events were assessed as safety endpoints. The bioequivalence was assessed to evaluate that the two formulations are not different from one another if the 90% confidence interval for the ratio of the geometric least square means falls completely within the predefined range of 80–125%. Results: Fifty-two healthy adult volunteers were randomized, and 47 completed the study. The mean values for Cmax, AUCt, and AUCinf were almost identical for test and reference products after administration to healthy human volunteers under fasting conditions. A total of 14 adverse events were reported by 10 volunteers during the study. All adverse events were mild to moderate in nature and did not cause study withdrawal. Conclusion: The test product dapagliflozin 10 mg was bioequivalent with the reference product in healthy, adult, human volunteers under fasting conditions. The availability of the affordable generic dapagliflozin has the potential to improve clinical outcomes in millions of patients in India because of its renoprotective, cardioprotective, and glucose-lowering effects.
{"title":"Bioequivalence study of two different dapagliflozin tablet formulations in healthy adult Indian volunteers","authors":"S. Kalra, S. Bhattacharya","doi":"10.4103/jod.jod_129_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jod.jod_129_21","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To assess the bioequivalence of 10 mg dapagliflozin tablets compared with that of 10 mg Farxiga® (dapagliflozin) tablets of AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP, USA in healthy, adult volunteers under fasting conditions. Materials and Methods: This was an open-label, balanced, randomized, two-treatment, two-period, two-sequence, single-dose, crossover, oral bioequivalence study. Volunteers were randomized to receive either test product or reference product of 10 mg dapagliflozin tablets under the fasting condition with a nine-day washout period. The primary pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters were maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), area under the curve (AUC) at time t (AUCt), and AUC extrapolated to infinity (AUCinf). Adverse events were assessed as safety endpoints. The bioequivalence was assessed to evaluate that the two formulations are not different from one another if the 90% confidence interval for the ratio of the geometric least square means falls completely within the predefined range of 80–125%. Results: Fifty-two healthy adult volunteers were randomized, and 47 completed the study. The mean values for Cmax, AUCt, and AUCinf were almost identical for test and reference products after administration to healthy human volunteers under fasting conditions. A total of 14 adverse events were reported by 10 volunteers during the study. All adverse events were mild to moderate in nature and did not cause study withdrawal. Conclusion: The test product dapagliflozin 10 mg was bioequivalent with the reference product in healthy, adult, human volunteers under fasting conditions. The availability of the affordable generic dapagliflozin has the potential to improve clinical outcomes in millions of patients in India because of its renoprotective, cardioprotective, and glucose-lowering effects.","PeriodicalId":15627,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetology","volume":"1 1","pages":"235 - 241"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89341445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Saldanha, M. Shah, Monika Dalal, Z. Virani, I. Parekh, H. Vora, P. Rajput, S. Tapiawala, B. Shah
Introduction: Recent studies suggest that sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are effective at slowing the progression of kidney disease and lowering the risk of kidney failure in people with kidney disease and type 2 diabetes. There is no such study from India. The present study was performed to evaluate the effects of SGLT2i in Indian patients with diabetes and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Materials and Methods: This prospective study included 86 patients with diabetes and chronic kidney disease and with an estimated creatinine clearance of >30 mL/minute. Forty-one patients received SGLT2i and 45 patients did not receive SGLT2i. Patients were followed up for at least 12 months. Body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, HbA1c, urine protein to creatinine ratio (UPCR), doubling of serum creatinine and rate of decline of the estimated creatinine clearance were compared between the two groups. Results: The two groups were comparable at baseline in terms of age, sex, blood pressure, BMI, HbA1c, and degree of renal impairment. Over 12 months the UPCR decreased by 0.03 in SGLT2i group and increased by 1.1 in non SGLT2i group (P < 0.05). Doubling of serum creatinine occurred in 4.8% of patients in the SGLT2i group as compared to 18% in the control group (P < 0.05). The rate of decline of the estimated creatinine clearance in the SGLT2i group was 4.9 ml/min/year as compared to 9.4 ml/min/year in the non SGLT2i group (P < 0.05). At 12 months the BMI in the SGLT2i group decreased by 1.49 as compared to 0.12 in the non SGLT2i group (P < 0.05). The blood pressure and HbA1c control were similar in both groups during the study period suggesting that the observed effect was due to SGLT2 inhibition itself and not due to blood pressure or blood glucose control. Conclusion: Our study showed that treatment with SGLT2i had significant renoprotective effects, as shown by a reduction in urinary protein excretion, less percentage of patients developing doubling of serum creatinine, and a slower rate of decline in creatinine clearance.
{"title":"A prospective study to evaluate the effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors in type 2 diabetic patients with chronic kidney disease","authors":"N. Saldanha, M. Shah, Monika Dalal, Z. Virani, I. Parekh, H. Vora, P. Rajput, S. Tapiawala, B. Shah","doi":"10.4103/jod.jod_66_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jod.jod_66_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Recent studies suggest that sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are effective at slowing the progression of kidney disease and lowering the risk of kidney failure in people with kidney disease and type 2 diabetes. There is no such study from India. The present study was performed to evaluate the effects of SGLT2i in Indian patients with diabetes and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Materials and Methods: This prospective study included 86 patients with diabetes and chronic kidney disease and with an estimated creatinine clearance of >30 mL/minute. Forty-one patients received SGLT2i and 45 patients did not receive SGLT2i. Patients were followed up for at least 12 months. Body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, HbA1c, urine protein to creatinine ratio (UPCR), doubling of serum creatinine and rate of decline of the estimated creatinine clearance were compared between the two groups. Results: The two groups were comparable at baseline in terms of age, sex, blood pressure, BMI, HbA1c, and degree of renal impairment. Over 12 months the UPCR decreased by 0.03 in SGLT2i group and increased by 1.1 in non SGLT2i group (P < 0.05). Doubling of serum creatinine occurred in 4.8% of patients in the SGLT2i group as compared to 18% in the control group (P < 0.05). The rate of decline of the estimated creatinine clearance in the SGLT2i group was 4.9 ml/min/year as compared to 9.4 ml/min/year in the non SGLT2i group (P < 0.05). At 12 months the BMI in the SGLT2i group decreased by 1.49 as compared to 0.12 in the non SGLT2i group (P < 0.05). The blood pressure and HbA1c control were similar in both groups during the study period suggesting that the observed effect was due to SGLT2 inhibition itself and not due to blood pressure or blood glucose control. Conclusion: Our study showed that treatment with SGLT2i had significant renoprotective effects, as shown by a reduction in urinary protein excretion, less percentage of patients developing doubling of serum creatinine, and a slower rate of decline in creatinine clearance.","PeriodicalId":15627,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetology","volume":"39 1","pages":"301 - 304"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79885171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Bhowmik, M. Kamruzzaman, T. Siddiquee, M. Samad, Farook Khan, Habibu Rashid, Nayla do Moreira, A. Alim, F. Khan, Sarowar Milon, Mohammad Robed, A. Hossain, A. Hussain, A. Khan
Aim: Many studies identified numerous health problems among industrial workers, in general, and garment workers. But a health problem with a specific focus on non-communicable disease (NCD) risk factors for Bangladeshi garment workers is lacking. Objective: The aim of this article is to investigate the NCD risk factors among garment workers in Bangladesh. Materials and Methods: A total of 4736 randomly selected garment workers aged ≥15 years in the Gazipur district of Bangladesh were investigated in a cross-sectional study from April 2014 to November 2014. Sociodemographic, anthropometric, and clinical details, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypertension (HTN), and albuminuria were collected by using a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. Results: Among the study participants, the mean age was 27.6 ± 8.0 years. About 16.1% of the participants were underweight (body mass index <18.5 kg/m2), 15.8% were overweight (≥23.0–24.9 kg/m2), and 21.2% (≥25.0 kg/m2) were obese. The prevalence of central obesity based on waist circumference (male ≥90 cm and female ≥80 cm) and waist–hip ratio (male ≥0.90 and female ≥0.80) was 24.9% and 62.1%, respectively. The prevalences of T2DM (random blood glucose: ≥11.1 mmol/L), HTN (≥140/90 mmHg), and albuminuria (≥1+) were 7.0%, 13.9%, and 5.1%, respectively. The rates of general obesity and central obesity were significantly higher in females, and smoking habits, albuminuria, T2DM, and HTN were significantly higher in males. Increased age, male gender, general obesity, and central obesity were significantly associated with T2DM and HTN. Conclusion: The prevalences of T2DM, HTN, obesity, and albuminuria were common in study participants. Long-term follow-up studies of these workers are therefore warranted.
{"title":"Non-communicable disease risk factors among garment factory workers in Bangladesh","authors":"B. Bhowmik, M. Kamruzzaman, T. Siddiquee, M. Samad, Farook Khan, Habibu Rashid, Nayla do Moreira, A. Alim, F. Khan, Sarowar Milon, Mohammad Robed, A. Hossain, A. Hussain, A. Khan","doi":"10.4103/jod.jod_35_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jod.jod_35_22","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: Many studies identified numerous health problems among industrial workers, in general, and garment workers. But a health problem with a specific focus on non-communicable disease (NCD) risk factors for Bangladeshi garment workers is lacking. Objective: The aim of this article is to investigate the NCD risk factors among garment workers in Bangladesh. Materials and Methods: A total of 4736 randomly selected garment workers aged ≥15 years in the Gazipur district of Bangladesh were investigated in a cross-sectional study from April 2014 to November 2014. Sociodemographic, anthropometric, and clinical details, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypertension (HTN), and albuminuria were collected by using a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. Results: Among the study participants, the mean age was 27.6 ± 8.0 years. About 16.1% of the participants were underweight (body mass index <18.5 kg/m2), 15.8% were overweight (≥23.0–24.9 kg/m2), and 21.2% (≥25.0 kg/m2) were obese. The prevalence of central obesity based on waist circumference (male ≥90 cm and female ≥80 cm) and waist–hip ratio (male ≥0.90 and female ≥0.80) was 24.9% and 62.1%, respectively. The prevalences of T2DM (random blood glucose: ≥11.1 mmol/L), HTN (≥140/90 mmHg), and albuminuria (≥1+) were 7.0%, 13.9%, and 5.1%, respectively. The rates of general obesity and central obesity were significantly higher in females, and smoking habits, albuminuria, T2DM, and HTN were significantly higher in males. Increased age, male gender, general obesity, and central obesity were significantly associated with T2DM and HTN. Conclusion: The prevalences of T2DM, HTN, obesity, and albuminuria were common in study participants. Long-term follow-up studies of these workers are therefore warranted.","PeriodicalId":15627,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetology","volume":"14 1","pages":"262 - 269"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87479809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jayaram Vidyulatha, T. Pramodkumar, R. Pradeepa, S. Poongothai, Somasundaram Thenmozhi, U. Venkatesan, S. Jebarani, R. Anjana, V. Mohan
Background and Aims: The impact of a chronic illness like diabetes on physical and mental wellbeing has been gaining more focus in the last few decades. This study aimed to investigate the association of stress, depression, and anxiety among individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and microvascular complications. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 315 participants aged ≥20 years with T2DM seen at a tertiary care diabetes centre who were screened for diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy and assessed for stress, depression, and anxiety using the Depression, Anxiety Stress Scale 21 (DASS 21). Diabetic retinopathy was classified according to the Early Treatment Diabetic Reinopathy Study grading system diagnosed using retinal photography [Early Treatment DR Study grading system] i.e., presence of at least one distinct microaneurysm; nephropathy, if urinary albumin excretion was ≥30 mg/μg of creatinine; and neuropathy, if vibration perception threshold of the big toe using biothesiometry was ≥20 V. Results: Prevalence of stress was higher in those with neuropathy (60% vs 40%, P < 0.001), nephropathy (61% vs 39%, P < 0.001) and retinopathy (57% vs 43%, P < 0.05) compared to those without. Prevalence of depression was also higher in individuals with neuropathy (66% vs 34%,P < 0.001), nephropathy (58% vs 42%, P < 0.001) and retinopathy (55% vs 45%, P < 0.05). In multiple regression analysis, stress was significantly associated with retinopathy (OR=3.13,CI:1.75–5.58, P < 0.000), neuropathy (OR=2.50, CI:1.42–4.39,P < 0.001) and nephropathy (OR=2.06,CI:1.19–3.56, P < 0.010),depression was also significantly associated with retinopathy (OR=1.97,CI:1.04–3.73, P < 0.037), neuropathy (OR=2.77,CI:1.45–5.30,P < 0.002) and nephropathy (OR=2.59,CI:1.42–4.70,P < 0.002). Conclusions: Individuals with microvascular complications of diabetes should be screened for stress, depression,and anxiety so that proper counselling can be given.
背景和目的:在过去的几十年里，糖尿病等慢性疾病对身心健康的影响越来越受到关注。本研究旨在探讨2型糖尿病(T2DM)和微血管并发症患者的压力、抑郁和焦虑之间的关系。材料和方法:这项横断面研究包括315名年龄≥20岁的T2DM患者，他们在三级糖尿病护理中心就诊，接受糖尿病视网膜病变、肾病和神经病变筛查，并使用抑郁、焦虑压力量表21 (DASS 21)评估压力、抑郁和焦虑。糖尿病视网膜病变根据视网膜摄影诊断的早期治疗糖尿病视网膜病变分级系统(早期治疗DR分级系统)进行分类，即存在至少一个明显的微动脉瘤;尿白蛋白排泄≥30 mg/μg肌酐为肾病;生物等距法测量大脚趾振动感知阈值≥20v者为神经病变。结果:神经病变(60% vs 40%， P < 0.001)、肾病(61% vs 39%， P < 0.001)和视网膜病变(57% vs 43%， P < 0.05)患者的压力患病率高于无神经病变患者。抑郁症的患病率在神经病变(66%对34%，P < 0.001)、肾病(58%对42%，P < 0.001)和视网膜病变(55%对45%，P < 0.05)患者中也较高。在多元回归分析中，应激与视网膜病变(OR=3.13,CI:1.75 ~ 5.58, P < 0.000)、神经病变(OR=2.50, CI:1.42 ~ 4.39,P < 0.001)、肾病(OR=2.06,CI:1.19 ~ 3.56, P < 0.010)显著相关，抑郁与视网膜病变(OR=1.97,CI:1.04 ~ 3.73, P < 0.037)、神经病变(OR=2.77,CI:1.45 ~ 5.30,P < 0.002)、肾病(OR=2.59,CI:1.42 ~ 4.70,P < 0.002)也显著相关。结论:糖尿病微血管并发症患者应筛查压力、抑郁和焦虑，以便给予适当的咨询。
{"title":"Association of stress, depression and anxiety among individuals with microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes","authors":"Jayaram Vidyulatha, T. Pramodkumar, R. Pradeepa, S. Poongothai, Somasundaram Thenmozhi, U. Venkatesan, S. Jebarani, R. Anjana, V. Mohan","doi":"10.4103/jod.jod_85_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jod.jod_85_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Aims: The impact of a chronic illness like diabetes on physical and mental wellbeing has been gaining more focus in the last few decades. This study aimed to investigate the association of stress, depression, and anxiety among individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and microvascular complications. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 315 participants aged ≥20 years with T2DM seen at a tertiary care diabetes centre who were screened for diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy and assessed for stress, depression, and anxiety using the Depression, Anxiety Stress Scale 21 (DASS 21). Diabetic retinopathy was classified according to the Early Treatment Diabetic Reinopathy Study grading system diagnosed using retinal photography [Early Treatment DR Study grading system] i.e., presence of at least one distinct microaneurysm; nephropathy, if urinary albumin excretion was ≥30 mg/μg of creatinine; and neuropathy, if vibration perception threshold of the big toe using biothesiometry was ≥20 V. Results: Prevalence of stress was higher in those with neuropathy (60% vs 40%, P < 0.001), nephropathy (61% vs 39%, P < 0.001) and retinopathy (57% vs 43%, P < 0.05) compared to those without. Prevalence of depression was also higher in individuals with neuropathy (66% vs 34%,P < 0.001), nephropathy (58% vs 42%, P < 0.001) and retinopathy (55% vs 45%, P < 0.05). In multiple regression analysis, stress was significantly associated with retinopathy (OR=3.13,CI:1.75–5.58, P < 0.000), neuropathy (OR=2.50, CI:1.42–4.39,P < 0.001) and nephropathy (OR=2.06,CI:1.19–3.56, P < 0.010),depression was also significantly associated with retinopathy (OR=1.97,CI:1.04–3.73, P < 0.037), neuropathy (OR=2.77,CI:1.45–5.30,P < 0.002) and nephropathy (OR=2.59,CI:1.42–4.70,P < 0.002). Conclusions: Individuals with microvascular complications of diabetes should be screened for stress, depression,and anxiety so that proper counselling can be given.","PeriodicalId":15627,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetology","volume":"56 1","pages":"294 - 300"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89129113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the most widespread form of diabetes and is becoming a global burden. This disorder distresses almost all of body systems leading to a number of complications such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetic peripheral neuropathy, diabetic nephropathy, musculoskeletal disorders and lower limb amputations which in turn increase the rate of mortality and impoverished life’s quality. This beseeches for better treatment methods, but the pharmacological approaches are limited by their adverse effects. In that context physiotherapy is an emerging non-pharmacological approach. The objective of this review was to systematically review the current evidence on role of physiotherapy in type 2 diabetes patients. A comprehensive search of literature published between 2010 to 2021 was conducted using; PubMed, ScienceDirect and PEDro databeses. 34 RCTs determining the role of different physiotherapy interventions published in peer reviewed English language journal were included in this review. Studies with less than 20 participants and conducted in age less than 18 years were excluded. This review was conducted in compliance with PRISMA guidelines. Study quality was assessed using PEDro scale; data on participant and intervention characteristics, outcome measures and treatment outcomes were extracted based on PICO framework by one reviewer under the supervision of another reviewer. The quality of trials as per PEDro was a mean score of 6. Overall, these studies evaluated the role of physiotherapy interventions such as exercise therapy, electrotherapy and other new and uncommon interventions such as pilates, whole body vibration and mini-trampoline in improving T2DM patients. This was the first systematic review to gather the evidence related to role of physiotherapy as a non-pharmacological approach in managing T2DM. The findings of present review suggested that different physiotherapeutic interventions have a positive role to play in management of T2DM and its associated complications but the literature is mainly focused on exercise therapy although many other physiotherapy interventions also proved to be beneficial.
{"title":"Role of Physiotherapy in managing type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review","authors":"N. Kaur, Sandeep Singh","doi":"10.4103/jod.jod_48_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jod.jod_48_22","url":null,"abstract":"Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the most widespread form of diabetes and is becoming a global burden. This disorder distresses almost all of body systems leading to a number of complications such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetic peripheral neuropathy, diabetic nephropathy, musculoskeletal disorders and lower limb amputations which in turn increase the rate of mortality and impoverished life’s quality. This beseeches for better treatment methods, but the pharmacological approaches are limited by their adverse effects. In that context physiotherapy is an emerging non-pharmacological approach. The objective of this review was to systematically review the current evidence on role of physiotherapy in type 2 diabetes patients. A comprehensive search of literature published between 2010 to 2021 was conducted using; PubMed, ScienceDirect and PEDro databeses. 34 RCTs determining the role of different physiotherapy interventions published in peer reviewed English language journal were included in this review. Studies with less than 20 participants and conducted in age less than 18 years were excluded. This review was conducted in compliance with PRISMA guidelines. Study quality was assessed using PEDro scale; data on participant and intervention characteristics, outcome measures and treatment outcomes were extracted based on PICO framework by one reviewer under the supervision of another reviewer. The quality of trials as per PEDro was a mean score of 6. Overall, these studies evaluated the role of physiotherapy interventions such as exercise therapy, electrotherapy and other new and uncommon interventions such as pilates, whole body vibration and mini-trampoline in improving T2DM patients. This was the first systematic review to gather the evidence related to role of physiotherapy as a non-pharmacological approach in managing T2DM. The findings of present review suggested that different physiotherapeutic interventions have a positive role to play in management of T2DM and its associated complications but the literature is mainly focused on exercise therapy although many other physiotherapy interventions also proved to be beneficial.","PeriodicalId":15627,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetology","volume":"128 1","pages":"210 - 226"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79558626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Asha Basavareddy, N. Sarala, V. Nanjappa, S. Eshwarappa
Purpose: Prediabetes is a stage in the natural history of impaired glucose metabolism rather than as a distinctive clinical entity. The primary objective was to compare the effect of lifestyle modifications (LSMs) with and without metformin in prolonging the onset of diabetes mellitus in prediabetics. Materials and Methods: This study is an open label, parallel group comparative study conducted from 2016 to 2020. One hundred and four prediabetic subjects were assigned to two groups: group I (51) LSM and group II (53) metformin 500 mg along with LSM. Baseline investigations included fasting blood sugar (FBS), post-prandial blood sugar (PPBS), HbA1c, and lipid profile, followed up for 12 months. Results: The baseline parameters were comparable between the groups. In both the groups, there was a significant reduction in abdominal circumference, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, FBS, PPBS, and HbA1c between baseline and 1 year. There was no significant difference between groups I and II in reduction of all the above-mentioned parameters. The outcomes of prediabetic subjects after 1 year of treatment in both the groups were comparable. Only one (2.1%) subject had more than 126 mmHg FBS in the LSM group. The adverse effects observed were dizziness, nausea, flatulence, myalgia, abdominal pain, and heart burn, which were mild to moderate in intensity and in most patients it subsided with time. Conclusion: LSM alone was equivalent to LSM along with metformin in effective control of blood sugars. Lipid profile and weight may be significantly reduced.
{"title":"A study of lifestyle modifications with and without metformin in prediabetic subjects","authors":"Asha Basavareddy, N. Sarala, V. Nanjappa, S. Eshwarappa","doi":"10.4103/jod.jod_40_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jod.jod_40_22","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Prediabetes is a stage in the natural history of impaired glucose metabolism rather than as a distinctive clinical entity. The primary objective was to compare the effect of lifestyle modifications (LSMs) with and without metformin in prolonging the onset of diabetes mellitus in prediabetics. Materials and Methods: This study is an open label, parallel group comparative study conducted from 2016 to 2020. One hundred and four prediabetic subjects were assigned to two groups: group I (51) LSM and group II (53) metformin 500 mg along with LSM. Baseline investigations included fasting blood sugar (FBS), post-prandial blood sugar (PPBS), HbA1c, and lipid profile, followed up for 12 months. Results: The baseline parameters were comparable between the groups. In both the groups, there was a significant reduction in abdominal circumference, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, FBS, PPBS, and HbA1c between baseline and 1 year. There was no significant difference between groups I and II in reduction of all the above-mentioned parameters. The outcomes of prediabetic subjects after 1 year of treatment in both the groups were comparable. Only one (2.1%) subject had more than 126 mmHg FBS in the LSM group. The adverse effects observed were dizziness, nausea, flatulence, myalgia, abdominal pain, and heart burn, which were mild to moderate in intensity and in most patients it subsided with time. Conclusion: LSM alone was equivalent to LSM along with metformin in effective control of blood sugars. Lipid profile and weight may be significantly reduced.","PeriodicalId":15627,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetology","volume":"30 1","pages":"277 - 284"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77676761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) and diabetes mellitus (DM) are the world’s leading public health issues. TB with DM co-morbidity adversely affects prognosis of individual diseases and its treatment outcome. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at five TB units of Rajkot city for five quarters. Newly registered pulmonary TB (PTB) patients having DM during the study period were included as cases. All cases were followed up at the end of treatment to observe outcomes. Information was collected in a pretested proforma using the interview technique. Results: The prevalence of DM among PTB cases was 5%. Maximum cases were in 51–60 years (34.4%), male: female ratio was 3:1, living in urban slum (53.1%), literate (81.2%), and from middle socio-economic class (65.6%). One-fourth of the cases had family (28.1%) and past history (28.1%) of TB, and more than one-third (37.5%) of the cases had family history of DM. All cases were on daily drug adherence, and most of them (83%) were on regular follow-up. Significant association was observed with urban slum (P = 0.03) and family history of diabetes (P = 0.04) among cases. At the end of continuation phase, 82.8% of the cases were cured and 4.7% of the cases had completed treatment. Conclusion: The study reported 5% of DM among newly registered TB cases and family history of DM as its significant risk factor.
{"title":"Prevalence estimation of diabetes mellitus among tuberculosis cases, its risk factors, and treatment outcome in Rajkot city","authors":"Pooja Ranpariya, H. Solanki, Rajesh K. Chudasama","doi":"10.4103/jod.jod_5_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jod.jod_5_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Tuberculosis (TB) and diabetes mellitus (DM) are the world’s leading public health issues. TB with DM co-morbidity adversely affects prognosis of individual diseases and its treatment outcome. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at five TB units of Rajkot city for five quarters. Newly registered pulmonary TB (PTB) patients having DM during the study period were included as cases. All cases were followed up at the end of treatment to observe outcomes. Information was collected in a pretested proforma using the interview technique. Results: The prevalence of DM among PTB cases was 5%. Maximum cases were in 51–60 years (34.4%), male: female ratio was 3:1, living in urban slum (53.1%), literate (81.2%), and from middle socio-economic class (65.6%). One-fourth of the cases had family (28.1%) and past history (28.1%) of TB, and more than one-third (37.5%) of the cases had family history of DM. All cases were on daily drug adherence, and most of them (83%) were on regular follow-up. Significant association was observed with urban slum (P = 0.03) and family history of diabetes (P = 0.04) among cases. At the end of continuation phase, 82.8% of the cases were cured and 4.7% of the cases had completed treatment. Conclusion: The study reported 5% of DM among newly registered TB cases and family history of DM as its significant risk factor.","PeriodicalId":15627,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetology","volume":"2 1","pages":"159 - 165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87936706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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