Pub Date : 2023-03-08DOI: 10.3846/jeelm.2023.18064
R. Mastouri, Hassan Pourfallah Koushali, M. Khaledian
This study focuses on the pollutants from urban runoff to Zarjoob River, which is one of the rivers leading to Anzali International Wetland, which was listed in the Montreux Record in 1993 as a site in need of priority conservation. Storm water runoff from a residential area in Rasht (the largest city on Iran’s Caspian Sea coast) was monitored in this study during thirteen rainfall events, with a total of 58 storm runoff samples collected from 2018 to 2019. In most rainfall events, the mean concentration of total suspended solids (TSS) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were higher than the other pollutants. The event mean concentrations (EMC) of TSS loads ranged from 57.3 mg/L to 682.5 mg/L and from 46.7 mg/L to 590.4 mg/L for COD. The site mean concentrations (SMC) for TSS, COD, total phosphorus (Total P), nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N), and total lead (Pb) were 219, 205, 1.91, 20.63, and 0.25 mg/L, respectively. The first flush coefficient (b) was used to evaluate the first flushing of various events. The results of the study confirmed that the first flush occurred in all events, and the average ranking of first flush strength among the pollutants was COD > NO3-N > TP > Pb > TSS. Controlling one-third of the initial runoff volume appeared to be critical for managing the quality of urban rivers in humid regions. The findings of this study can be applied to urban runoff management strategies in cities with similar climatic conditions.
{"title":"THE FIRST FLUSH ANALYSIS OF STORMWATER RUNOFF IN A HUMID CLIMATE","authors":"R. Mastouri, Hassan Pourfallah Koushali, M. Khaledian","doi":"10.3846/jeelm.2023.18064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3846/jeelm.2023.18064","url":null,"abstract":"This study focuses on the pollutants from urban runoff to Zarjoob River, which is one of the rivers leading to Anzali International Wetland, which was listed in the Montreux Record in 1993 as a site in need of priority conservation. Storm water runoff from a residential area in Rasht (the largest city on Iran’s Caspian Sea coast) was monitored in this study during thirteen rainfall events, with a total of 58 storm runoff samples collected from 2018 to 2019. In most rainfall events, the mean concentration of total suspended solids (TSS) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were higher than the other pollutants. The event mean concentrations (EMC) of TSS loads ranged from 57.3 mg/L to 682.5 mg/L and from 46.7 mg/L to 590.4 mg/L for COD. The site mean concentrations (SMC) for TSS, COD, total phosphorus (Total P), nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N), and total lead (Pb) were 219, 205, 1.91, 20.63, and 0.25 mg/L, respectively. The first flush coefficient (b) was used to evaluate the first flushing of various events. The results of the study confirmed that the first flush occurred in all events, and the average ranking of first flush strength among the pollutants was COD > NO3-N > TP > Pb > TSS. Controlling one-third of the initial runoff volume appeared to be critical for managing the quality of urban rivers in humid regions. The findings of this study can be applied to urban runoff management strategies in cities with similar climatic conditions.","PeriodicalId":15653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44715131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-28DOI: 10.3846/jeelm.2023.18488
Yang Liu, Yakai Lei, D. Johnston, Mingyu Jiang, Nalin Dong, D. Xie, Zitong Ma, Xinyu Zhang, Nan Guo
Cemetery landscapes are austere and generally require maintenance. The materials and equipment used for maintenance emit greenhouse gases (GHGs). This research aimed to quantify the annual GHG emissions and global warming potential (GWP) indices of traditional and natural cemeteries for more environmentally friendly green and grey facility planning of cemetery areas. Based on life cycle assessment (LCA), in Yorkshire, UK, as an example, traditional cemeteries were found to be mostly established with landscaped cemetery facilities, and natural cemeteries were found to include mostly underground burials covered with wild plants. The average GHG emissions per hm2 in traditional cemetery maintenance (1,552.88 kg/CO2-e) were 1.8 times those in natural cemeteries (870.88 kg/CO2-e). In the cemetery plant community, the mean GHG emissions for grassland maintenance (1,867.65 kg/CO2-e) were 6.7, 2.8 and 2.3 times higher than the woodland, meadow and shrub maintenance values of 280.77, 673.03 and 821.00 kg/CO2-e, respectively. The mean GWP indexes for traditional and natural cemetery green space maintenance were 0.027 and 0.015, respectively, which were generally higher than those for urban green space maintenance (0.010). This research recommends replacing grasslands with wild meadows, reducing the size of ground cemetery facilities and limiting the application of maintenance materials (i.e., irrigation water and pesticides) to reduce the environmental impact of green space in cemeteries.
{"title":"QUANTITATIVE STUDY ON GHG EMISSIONS AND THE GWP INFLUENCE OF CEMETERY GREEN SPACE MAINTENANCE BASED ON LCA","authors":"Yang Liu, Yakai Lei, D. Johnston, Mingyu Jiang, Nalin Dong, D. Xie, Zitong Ma, Xinyu Zhang, Nan Guo","doi":"10.3846/jeelm.2023.18488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3846/jeelm.2023.18488","url":null,"abstract":"Cemetery landscapes are austere and generally require maintenance. The materials and equipment used for maintenance emit greenhouse gases (GHGs). This research aimed to quantify the annual GHG emissions and global warming potential (GWP) indices of traditional and natural cemeteries for more environmentally friendly green and grey facility planning of cemetery areas. Based on life cycle assessment (LCA), in Yorkshire, UK, as an example, traditional cemeteries were found to be mostly established with landscaped cemetery facilities, and natural cemeteries were found to include mostly underground burials covered with wild plants. The average GHG emissions per hm2 in traditional cemetery maintenance (1,552.88 kg/CO2-e) were 1.8 times those in natural cemeteries (870.88 kg/CO2-e). In the cemetery plant community, the mean GHG emissions for grassland maintenance (1,867.65 kg/CO2-e) were 6.7, 2.8 and 2.3 times higher than the woodland, meadow and shrub maintenance values of 280.77, 673.03 and 821.00 kg/CO2-e, respectively. The mean GWP indexes for traditional and natural cemetery green space maintenance were 0.027 and 0.015, respectively, which were generally higher than those for urban green space maintenance (0.010). This research recommends replacing grasslands with wild meadows, reducing the size of ground cemetery facilities and limiting the application of maintenance materials (i.e., irrigation water and pesticides) to reduce the environmental impact of green space in cemeteries.","PeriodicalId":15653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41642857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-09DOI: 10.3846/jeelm.2023.18482
Nidal M. Hussein, Mohammed N. Assaf
An urban heat island phenomenon has increased in the last decades due to rapid urbanization, resulting in a significant impact on local climate. In this study, remote sensing data was used to analyze Spatiotemporal patterns of Urban Heat Island Intensity (UHII) over a 20 years period in a semi-arid climate area. The relationship between the Land Surface Temperature (LST), vegetation and Land Cover Types (LCTs) were examined. The relation between the UHII and its driving factors (different LCTs and meteorological conditions) was analyzed. Analysis of 8-day daytime and nighttime LST data acquired from MODerate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) shows that Amman has a significant UHII in both daytime and night time. The results show a negative correlation between the LST and vegetation indicators and between the UHII and the wind speed average, indicating a positive correlation between the UHII and temperature. Vegetation has been proven to significantly reduce LST, mainly in the daytime, due to its cooling effect that results from the transpiration process and shadow effect.
{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL DISTRIBUTION OF URBAN HEAT ISLANDS (UHI) IN SEMI-ARID CLIMATE","authors":"Nidal M. Hussein, Mohammed N. Assaf","doi":"10.3846/jeelm.2023.18482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3846/jeelm.2023.18482","url":null,"abstract":"An urban heat island phenomenon has increased in the last decades due to rapid urbanization, resulting in a significant impact on local climate. In this study, remote sensing data was used to analyze Spatiotemporal patterns of Urban Heat Island Intensity (UHII) over a 20 years period in a semi-arid climate area. The relationship between the Land Surface Temperature (LST), vegetation and Land Cover Types (LCTs) were examined. The relation between the UHII and its driving factors (different LCTs and meteorological conditions) was analyzed. Analysis of 8-day daytime and nighttime LST data acquired from MODerate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) shows that Amman has a significant UHII in both daytime and night time. The results show a negative correlation between the LST and vegetation indicators and between the UHII and the wind speed average, indicating a positive correlation between the UHII and temperature. Vegetation has been proven to significantly reduce LST, mainly in the daytime, due to its cooling effect that results from the transpiration process and shadow effect.","PeriodicalId":15653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43456390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-31DOI: 10.3846/jeelm.2023.18487
H. Çakar, O. Akat Saracoglu, H. Akat, C. Kılıç, H. Adanacıoğlu
This research was carried out in Izmir-Turkiye and investigated the potential of using three different substrates (cocopeat, loofah and perlite) in the design of green roofs with succulents (Crassula ovata) in aim to improve their performance. In this research, four different groups (G1: Soil-Cocopeat, G2: Soil-Loofah, G3: Soil-Perlite and G4: Soil) were created according to the plant growing media used in the planting layer. The researchers conducted measurements of the drained irrigation water’s EC (Electrical Conductivity) value, pH value and drainage amount, the plant growing media’s temperature and moisture, the plant’s height and leaf number, and the amount of subsidence in the planting layer. In line with the results obtained from the evaluations of the analyses, it is possible to say that perlite (G3) offers more advantages than its alternatives in terms of many variables. However, according to the conclusive results, it has been understood that the use of a single type of substrate as plant growing media would not be sufficient to encourage the maximum performance of green roofs. To ensure that, considering the advantages of each substrate group, it is proposed that their combined use would be more beneficial.
{"title":"THE POTENTIAL FOR USING DIFFERENT SUBSTRATES IN GREEN ROOFS","authors":"H. Çakar, O. Akat Saracoglu, H. Akat, C. Kılıç, H. Adanacıoğlu","doi":"10.3846/jeelm.2023.18487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3846/jeelm.2023.18487","url":null,"abstract":"This research was carried out in Izmir-Turkiye and investigated the potential of using three different substrates (cocopeat, loofah and perlite) in the design of green roofs with succulents (Crassula ovata) in aim to improve their performance. In this research, four different groups (G1: Soil-Cocopeat, G2: Soil-Loofah, G3: Soil-Perlite and G4: Soil) were created according to the plant growing media used in the planting layer. The researchers conducted measurements of the drained irrigation water’s EC (Electrical Conductivity) value, pH value and drainage amount, the plant growing media’s temperature and moisture, the plant’s height and leaf number, and the amount of subsidence in the planting layer. In line with the results obtained from the evaluations of the analyses, it is possible to say that perlite (G3) offers more advantages than its alternatives in terms of many variables. However, according to the conclusive results, it has been understood that the use of a single type of substrate as plant growing media would not be sufficient to encourage the maximum performance of green roofs. To ensure that, considering the advantages of each substrate group, it is proposed that their combined use would be more beneficial.","PeriodicalId":15653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48508372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Continuous global warming and frequent extreme high temperatures keep the urban climate health risk increasing, seriously threatening residents’ emotional health. Therefore, analysis on spatial distribution of the health risk that the urban heat island (UHI) effect imposes on emotional health as well as basic research on the characteristics of vulnerable populations need to be conducted. This study, with Tianjin city as the case, analyzed data from Landsat remote-sensing images, meteorological stations, and digital maps, explored the influence of summer UHI effect on distress (a typical negative emotion factor) and its spatiotemporal evolution, and conducted difference analysis on the age groups, genders, family state, and distress levels of vulnerable populations. The results show: (1) During the period of 1992–2020, the level and area of UHI influence on residents’ distress drastically increased–influence level elevated from level 2–4 to level 4–7, and highlevel influence areas were concentrated in six districts of central Tianjin. (2) Influence of the UHI effect on distress varied in different age groups–generally dropping with fluctuations as residents got older, especially residents aged 50–59. (3) Men experienced a W-shaped pattern in distress and were more irritable and unsteady emotionally; while women were more sensitive to distress in the beginning, but they became more placid as temperature got higher. (4) Studies on family status show that couples living together showed sound heat resistance in the face of heat stress, while middle-aged and elderly people living alone or with children were relatively weak in adjusting to high ambient temperature.
{"title":"HEALTH RISK APPRAISAL OF URBAN THERMAL ENVIRONMENT AND CHARACTERISTIC ANALYSIS ON VULNERABLE POPULATIONS","authors":"Huanchun Huang, Yimin Zhao, Xin Deng, Hailin Yang, Lijian Ren","doi":"10.3846/jeelm.2023.17635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3846/jeelm.2023.17635","url":null,"abstract":"Continuous global warming and frequent extreme high temperatures keep the urban climate health risk increasing, seriously threatening residents’ emotional health. Therefore, analysis on spatial distribution of the health risk that the urban heat island (UHI) effect imposes on emotional health as well as basic research on the characteristics of vulnerable populations need to be conducted. This study, with Tianjin city as the case, analyzed data from Landsat remote-sensing images, meteorological stations, and digital maps, explored the influence of summer UHI effect on distress (a typical negative emotion factor) and its spatiotemporal evolution, and conducted difference analysis on the age groups, genders, family state, and distress levels of vulnerable populations. The results show: (1) During the period of 1992–2020, the level and area of UHI influence on residents’ distress drastically increased–influence level elevated from level 2–4 to level 4–7, and highlevel influence areas were concentrated in six districts of central Tianjin. (2) Influence of the UHI effect on distress varied in different age groups–generally dropping with fluctuations as residents got older, especially residents aged 50–59. (3) Men experienced a W-shaped pattern in distress and were more irritable and unsteady emotionally; while women were more sensitive to distress in the beginning, but they became more placid as temperature got higher. (4) Studies on family status show that couples living together showed sound heat resistance in the face of heat stress, while middle-aged and elderly people living alone or with children were relatively weak in adjusting to high ambient temperature.","PeriodicalId":15653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45796772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-13DOI: 10.3846/jeelm.2023.18065
Hanita Mayasari, Banu Iqra Wardhana, I. Tahir
The volume of domestic waste in the Special Region of Yogyakarta (DIY Region) during the last five years has increased significantly by 34%, while the volume of waste handled has only increased by 8%. The average produced waste was 1,008.26 tonnes/day, while the handled waste reached 642.01 tonnes/day. That means 366.25 tonnes of unhandled waste per day, resulting in environmental pollution. This paper aims to evaluate the management of the Piyungan landfill by using the Integrated Risk Based Approach (IRBA). IRBA is a tool of decision-making created in 2005 for landfill rehabilitation, including sites with high health risks, maximum environmental impacts, and sensitive public concerns. A total of 26 parameters were used to evaluate the landfill and waste management in the Piyungan landfill site. The Risk Index (RI) calculated using the IRBA method shows that the final result of the Piyungan landfill was 649.76. The value of RI indicated a potential for high hazard, and the landfill must be closed immediately because it pollutes the environment or causes social problems. The factual conditions in the field indicate that technical age and capacity are serious problems faced with concern with the management of waste for the Yogyakarta, Sleman Regency, and Bantul Regency as Piyungan landfill users.
{"title":"EVALUATION OF LANDFILL MANAGEMENT AT PIYUNGAN LANDFILL YOGYAKARTA BY USING INTEGRATED RISK BASED APPROACH METHOD","authors":"Hanita Mayasari, Banu Iqra Wardhana, I. Tahir","doi":"10.3846/jeelm.2023.18065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3846/jeelm.2023.18065","url":null,"abstract":"The volume of domestic waste in the Special Region of Yogyakarta (DIY Region) during the last five years has increased significantly by 34%, while the volume of waste handled has only increased by 8%. The average produced waste was 1,008.26 tonnes/day, while the handled waste reached 642.01 tonnes/day. That means 366.25 tonnes of unhandled waste per day, resulting in environmental pollution. This paper aims to evaluate the management of the Piyungan landfill by using the Integrated Risk Based Approach (IRBA). IRBA is a tool of decision-making created in 2005 for landfill rehabilitation, including sites with high health risks, maximum environmental impacts, and sensitive public concerns. A total of 26 parameters were used to evaluate the landfill and waste management in the Piyungan landfill site. The Risk Index (RI) calculated using the IRBA method shows that the final result of the Piyungan landfill was 649.76. The value of RI indicated a potential for high hazard, and the landfill must be closed immediately because it pollutes the environment or causes social problems. The factual conditions in the field indicate that technical age and capacity are serious problems faced with concern with the management of waste for the Yogyakarta, Sleman Regency, and Bantul Regency as Piyungan landfill users.","PeriodicalId":15653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48370328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-09DOI: 10.3846/jeelm.2023.18055
Banafsheh Shafie, A. Javid, Homa Irani Behbahani, H. Darabi, F. Hosseinzadeh lotfi
The formation of modifications or conception in the landscape could possibly, be a procedure relative to its natural and non-disturbance process; and it could be hastened by the occurrence of disturbance regimes. The objective of this research is to survey the changes in a landscape structure, over a period of 30 years, to attain information, as to the current conditions of land use, utilizing landscape metrics in the watershed area of the Latian Dam, so as to analyze the results and the voids present, towards obtaining a specified sustainable regional planning for the abovementioned watershed. Land use was identified and reviewed by means of four Landsat satellite images for 1987, 1998, 2007, and 2017; and in this watershed, it was classified into four classes, (a) build-up areas, (b) vegetated areas, (c) bare lands and (d) water bodies. Subsequently, by taking advantage of 7 metrics at the landscape level and 8 metrics at the class level, the landscape structure in this watershed was quantified by utilizing the Fragstats 4.2 Software. The survey results illustrated an increment in the number of patches (NP), decrementing the mean area of the patches (AREA-MN), and increasing the Interspersion & Juxtaposition Index (IJI) signifies amplified fragmentation at the landscape level in this watershed. Similarly, the NP has also incremented at the class level, and thus, the fragmentation of patches and fragmentation in the entire three classes of land use, namely, build-up areas, bare lands, and vegetated areas has occurred. The amount of patchiness for the build-up class, with due attention to the increment in the mean area of patches (AREA-MIN), which demonstrates the fact that, this class is inclined and has a tendency towards a coarse-grained structure and a metric decrement in the AREA-MIN in the vegetated areas, illustrates that this class is prone to the fine-grained structure.
{"title":"AN ANALYSIS OF THE LANDSCAPE STRUCTURE CHANGES AS AN ECOLOGICAL APPROACH TO ACHIEVE SUSTAINABLE REGIONAL PLANNING (CASE STUDY: LATIAN DAM WATERSHED)","authors":"Banafsheh Shafie, A. Javid, Homa Irani Behbahani, H. Darabi, F. Hosseinzadeh lotfi","doi":"10.3846/jeelm.2023.18055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3846/jeelm.2023.18055","url":null,"abstract":"The formation of modifications or conception in the landscape could possibly, be a procedure relative to its natural and non-disturbance process; and it could be hastened by the occurrence of disturbance regimes. The objective of this research is to survey the changes in a landscape structure, over a period of 30 years, to attain information, as to the current conditions of land use, utilizing landscape metrics in the watershed area of the Latian Dam, so as to analyze the results and the voids present, towards obtaining a specified sustainable regional planning for the abovementioned watershed. Land use was identified and reviewed by means of four Landsat satellite images for 1987, 1998, 2007, and 2017; and in this watershed, it was classified into four classes, (a) build-up areas, (b) vegetated areas, (c) bare lands and (d) water bodies. Subsequently, by taking advantage of 7 metrics at the landscape level and 8 metrics at the class level, the landscape structure in this watershed was quantified by utilizing the Fragstats 4.2 Software. The survey results illustrated an increment in the number of patches (NP), decrementing the mean area of the patches (AREA-MN), and increasing the Interspersion & Juxtaposition Index (IJI) signifies amplified fragmentation at the landscape level in this watershed. Similarly, the NP has also incremented at the class level, and thus, the fragmentation of patches and fragmentation in the entire three classes of land use, namely, build-up areas, bare lands, and vegetated areas has occurred. The amount of patchiness for the build-up class, with due attention to the increment in the mean area of patches (AREA-MIN), which demonstrates the fact that, this class is inclined and has a tendency towards a coarse-grained structure and a metric decrement in the AREA-MIN in the vegetated areas, illustrates that this class is prone to the fine-grained structure.","PeriodicalId":15653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49152115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-04DOI: 10.3846/jeelm.2023.18063
Shanzhong Qi, Fuxin Heng, Lina Ji
With the rapid development of urbanization, land use change has occurred in most karst mountain regions of North China over the last decade, so studying landscape pattern changes induced by urbanization would have implicational significance to regional planning and sustainability. Based on RS, GIS, and field investigation, land use change induced by urbanization in Jinan city belonging to the karst mountainous area of North China was analyzed over 30 years from 1987 to 2018, and further the landscape response of these changes was explored. The results indicate that (1) the most obvious changes have occurred in both urban/built-up land area and cropland area with rapid urbanization development in Jinan’s karst area, and the former increased by 246.4 km2 but the latter decreased by 343.3 km2 from 1987 to 2018; (2) landscape pattern of land use is profoundly changed by quick urbanization in the period from 2000 to 2018, but does not siginificently from 1987 to 2000; and (3) in the monitoring period, the cropland’s shape inclines to fragmentation and regularization, and the shapes of urban/built-up land and barren land have become increasingly distinct from the patch class level; from patch landscape level, the artificial landscape type (urban/built-up land) is increasingly dominant but the natural landscape type (grassland) is decreasingly dominant, thereby resulting in the disturbance of urban karst environment of Jinan city. Therefore, a protection policy should be taken to achieve strong urban karst sustainable development of North China.
{"title":"LANDSCAPE CHANGE OF LAND USE IN THE KARST REGION OF JINAN CITY, NORTH CHINA","authors":"Shanzhong Qi, Fuxin Heng, Lina Ji","doi":"10.3846/jeelm.2023.18063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3846/jeelm.2023.18063","url":null,"abstract":"With the rapid development of urbanization, land use change has occurred in most karst mountain regions of North China over the last decade, so studying landscape pattern changes induced by urbanization would have implicational significance to regional planning and sustainability. Based on RS, GIS, and field investigation, land use change induced by urbanization in Jinan city belonging to the karst mountainous area of North China was analyzed over 30 years from 1987 to 2018, and further the landscape response of these changes was explored. The results indicate that (1) the most obvious changes have occurred in both urban/built-up land area and cropland area with rapid urbanization development in Jinan’s karst area, and the former increased by 246.4 km2 but the latter decreased by 343.3 km2 from 1987 to 2018; (2) landscape pattern of land use is profoundly changed by quick urbanization in the period from 2000 to 2018, but does not siginificently from 1987 to 2000; and (3) in the monitoring period, the cropland’s shape inclines to fragmentation and regularization, and the shapes of urban/built-up land and barren land have become increasingly distinct from the patch class level; from patch landscape level, the artificial landscape type (urban/built-up land) is increasingly dominant but the natural landscape type (grassland) is decreasingly dominant, thereby resulting in the disturbance of urban karst environment of Jinan city. Therefore, a protection policy should be taken to achieve strong urban karst sustainable development of North China.","PeriodicalId":15653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48103697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-21DOI: 10.3846/jeelm.2022.18059
R. El chaal, M. O. Aboutafail
This paper describes how the multilayer perceptron neural network (MLPNN) trained by the Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno (BFGS) quasi-newton back-propagation approach was used to estimate heavy metal concentrations: Aluminum (Al), Lead (Pb), Copper (Cu), and Iron (Fe), in the province of Taza using sixteen physicochemical factors measured from 100 samples collected from surface water sources by our team, according to the protocol of the national water office (ONE). We chose a network with only one hidden layer to identify the network architecture to employ. The number of neurons in the hidden layer was varied, as were the types of transfer and activation functions, and the BFGS learning method was used. The following statistical metrics were used to evaluate the performance of the neural network’s stochastic models: Examining the adjustment graphs and residue, as well as the Error Sum of Squares (SSE); the mean bias error (MBE) and determination coefficient (R²). The results reveal that the predictive models created using the artificial neural network method (ANN) are quite efficient, thanks to the BFGS algorithm’s efficiency and speed of convergence. An architectural network [16-8-1] (16: number of variables in input layer, 8: number of hidden layer, 1: number of variables in output layer) produced the best results,{R²: Al(0.954), Pb(0.942), Cu(0.921), Fe(0.968)}, {SSE: Al(0.396), Pb(0.0059), Cu(0.252), Fe(4.29)} and {MBE: Al(–0.033), Pb(0.008), Cu(–0.004), Fe(0.091)}, which is developed so that each model is responsible for estimating the concentration of a single heavy metal. This result demonstrates that there is a non-linear relationship between the physical-chemical properties evaluated and the heavy metal content of surface water in the Taza province.
{"title":"APPLICATION NEURAL NETWORK APPROACH FOR THE ESTIMATION OF HEAVY METAL CONCENTRATIONS IN THE INAOUEN WATERSHED","authors":"R. El chaal, M. O. Aboutafail","doi":"10.3846/jeelm.2022.18059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3846/jeelm.2022.18059","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes how the multilayer perceptron neural network (MLPNN) trained by the Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno (BFGS) quasi-newton back-propagation approach was used to estimate heavy metal concentrations: Aluminum (Al), Lead (Pb), Copper (Cu), and Iron (Fe), in the province of Taza using sixteen physicochemical factors measured from 100 samples collected from surface water sources by our team, according to the protocol of the national water office (ONE). We chose a network with only one hidden layer to identify the network architecture to employ. The number of neurons in the hidden layer was varied, as were the types of transfer and activation functions, and the BFGS learning method was used. The following statistical metrics were used to evaluate the performance of the neural network’s stochastic models: Examining the adjustment graphs and residue, as well as the Error Sum of Squares (SSE); the mean bias error (MBE) and determination coefficient (R²). The results reveal that the predictive models created using the artificial neural network method (ANN) are quite efficient, thanks to the BFGS algorithm’s efficiency and speed of convergence. An architectural network [16-8-1] (16: number of variables in input layer, 8: number of hidden layer, 1: number of variables in output layer) produced the best results,{R²: Al(0.954), Pb(0.942), Cu(0.921), Fe(0.968)}, {SSE: Al(0.396), Pb(0.0059), Cu(0.252), Fe(4.29)} and {MBE: Al(–0.033), Pb(0.008), Cu(–0.004), Fe(0.091)}, which is developed so that each model is responsible for estimating the concentration of a single heavy metal. This result demonstrates that there is a non-linear relationship between the physical-chemical properties evaluated and the heavy metal content of surface water in the Taza province.","PeriodicalId":15653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41860268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-16DOI: 10.3846/jeelm.2022.18061
F. Liu, Xin Zhao, Yujin Pan, Xiaomin Hu
Nitrifying carriers can provide good settle ability and stable removal efficiency for nitrogen. Models for ammonia removal rate for nitrifying carriers will improve its engineering application. This study was conducted in nitrifying coal ash system with Monod model. Results indicated the maximum NH4+-N removal rate and half-saturation constant of NH4+-N in Monod model were 110.48 mg/L and 59.19 mg/L, respectively. Introduction of the correction coefficients, including pH, temperature and dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration, decreased the average gap between experiment data and simulated data from 6.48 to 2.74 mg N/(L·h). And improved accuracy of the Monod model by 5.11%. The differences between experiment and simulated NH4+-N removal rate ranged from 0.08 mg N/(L·h) to 8.34 mg N/(L·h) when the influent concentration of NH4+-N increased from 443.18 to 1121.29 mg N/L and without organic. Only 0.08% inconsistency between experiment and simulated data occurred in treating wastewater with high-strength ammonia. However, NH4+-N removal rate of the nitrifying coal ash was inhibited about 40% when influent with averaged 173.19 mg COD/L and 37.20 mg N/L, therefore, other factors, the content of nitrifying bacteria for example, need to be introduced into the Monod model when treating organic wastewater.
{"title":"CONSTRUCTION OF NITRIFICATION MODEL WITH NITRIFYING COAL ASH IN AEROBIC TREATMENT OF HIGH STRENGTH WASTEWATER","authors":"F. Liu, Xin Zhao, Yujin Pan, Xiaomin Hu","doi":"10.3846/jeelm.2022.18061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3846/jeelm.2022.18061","url":null,"abstract":"Nitrifying carriers can provide good settle ability and stable removal efficiency for nitrogen. Models for ammonia removal rate for nitrifying carriers will improve its engineering application. This study was conducted in nitrifying coal ash system with Monod model. Results indicated the maximum NH4+-N removal rate and half-saturation constant of NH4+-N in Monod model were 110.48 mg/L and 59.19 mg/L, respectively. Introduction of the correction coefficients, including pH, temperature and dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration, decreased the average gap between experiment data and simulated data from 6.48 to 2.74 mg N/(L·h). And improved accuracy of the Monod model by 5.11%. The differences between experiment and simulated NH4+-N removal rate ranged from 0.08 mg N/(L·h) to 8.34 mg N/(L·h) when the influent concentration of NH4+-N increased from 443.18 to 1121.29 mg N/L and without organic. Only 0.08% inconsistency between experiment and simulated data occurred in treating wastewater with high-strength ammonia. However, NH4+-N removal rate of the nitrifying coal ash was inhibited about 40% when influent with averaged 173.19 mg COD/L and 37.20 mg N/L, therefore, other factors, the content of nitrifying bacteria for example, need to be introduced into the Monod model when treating organic wastewater.","PeriodicalId":15653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45838068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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