Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.47125/jesam/2022_1/08
S. Palaniswamy, Sandhya Devi R S, M. Saravanan, M. Anand.
This study gives a general overview of the social, economic, and environmental impacts of electric vehicles (EVs) in India. The growing threats of global warming, excessive petrol dependence, ever increasing prices of fuel, and driving trends are just a selection of reasons which have accelerated the development of EV since the transport sector also represents a critical percentage of greenhouse gas emission. The aim of this study is to compare and analyze the development of the EV market and the government support in making the trend and accelerating it to save the nation and the world from pollution in India. Electric vehicles have huge potential from a user perspective. In the coming years, EVs will have a very important role in smart transportation and smart cities, along with shared mobility, mass transport, etc. Therefore, more efforts to facilitate the charging process and to improve batteries are needed. In a thrust towards incentivizing new age technologies and reducing its carbon emissions to net-zero by the year 2070, India is aggressively promoting the adoption of EVs. India aims to switch 30% of private cars, 70% of commercial vehicles, and 80%of two and three-wheelers to EVs by the year 2030. Increase percentage of renewable energy in the electricity mix and prevent air pollution caused from battery manufacturing. The recommended policies can be accepted by any market globally for reducing air pollution through increased adoption of electric vehicles. The environmental considerations of electric mobility challenges exist in terms of environmental impacts generated by the rising demand for electric vehicles.
{"title":"Social, Economic and Environmental Impact ofElectric Vehicles in India","authors":"S. Palaniswamy, Sandhya Devi R S, M. Saravanan, M. Anand.","doi":"10.47125/jesam/2022_1/08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47125/jesam/2022_1/08","url":null,"abstract":"This study gives a general overview of the social, economic, and environmental impacts of electric vehicles (EVs) in India. The growing threats of global warming, excessive petrol dependence, ever increasing prices of fuel, and driving trends are just a selection of reasons which have accelerated the development of EV since the transport sector also represents a critical percentage of greenhouse gas emission. The aim of this study is to compare and analyze the development of the EV market and the government support in making the trend and accelerating it to save the nation and the world from pollution in India. Electric vehicles have huge potential from a user perspective. In the coming years, EVs will have a very important role in smart transportation and smart cities, along with shared mobility, mass transport, etc. Therefore, more efforts to facilitate the charging process and to improve batteries are needed. In a thrust towards incentivizing new age technologies and reducing its carbon emissions to net-zero by the year 2070, India is aggressively promoting the adoption of EVs. India aims to switch 30% of private cars, 70% of commercial vehicles, and 80%of two and three-wheelers to EVs by the year 2030. Increase percentage of renewable energy in the electricity mix and prevent air pollution caused from battery manufacturing. The recommended policies can be accepted by any market globally for reducing air pollution through increased adoption of electric vehicles. The environmental considerations of electric mobility challenges exist in terms of environmental impacts generated by the rising demand for electric vehicles.","PeriodicalId":15657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42490694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.47125/jesam/2022_1/04
Ahmad Fauzi Suharno, M. S. Haq, T. B. Bardant, A. Setiawan, Adhi Irianto Mastur, S. Harianto, R. Ceha, M. Dzikron, A. Sulaswatty, E. Wiloso
This study aims to assess the performance of the Gamboeng green tea production system using the Green Supply Chain Operation Reference (GreenSCOR). Fifteen environmental performance indicators were incorporated in the five main processes in the supply chain: planning, sourcing, production, delivery and return. The data were collected from field observations of the supply chain structure and flow process inventory, then validated through in-depth interview with key informants. Data inventory of processes was utilized for measuring several indicators especially in the planning process and the realization of the plan in the production process. Gamboeng tea has an advantage score in indicator of realization (15%) for use of clean energy source (i.e., wood pellet) to substitute liquified petroleum gas as well as for using environmentally friendly packaging, zero waste disposal and total recyclable waste. Further improvements are recommended for the five performance indicators, particularly in the planning process, such as providing training and education for personnel about environmental awareness and management, planning for minimizing water usage, planning in minimizing inorganic fertilizer usage, screening suppliers, and using larger portions of wood pellets.
{"title":"Assessing Green Supply Chain OperationReference with Life Cycle Inventory: The Case ofGamboeng Green Tea, Indonesia","authors":"Ahmad Fauzi Suharno, M. S. Haq, T. B. Bardant, A. Setiawan, Adhi Irianto Mastur, S. Harianto, R. Ceha, M. Dzikron, A. Sulaswatty, E. Wiloso","doi":"10.47125/jesam/2022_1/04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47125/jesam/2022_1/04","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to assess the performance of the Gamboeng green tea production system using the Green Supply Chain Operation Reference (GreenSCOR). Fifteen environmental performance indicators were incorporated in the five main processes in the supply chain: planning, sourcing, production, delivery and return. The data were collected from field observations of the supply chain structure and flow process inventory, then validated through in-depth interview with key informants. Data inventory of processes was utilized for measuring several indicators especially in the planning process and the realization of the plan in the production process. Gamboeng tea has an advantage score in indicator of realization (15%) for use of clean energy source (i.e., wood pellet) to substitute liquified petroleum gas as well as for using environmentally friendly packaging, zero waste disposal and total recyclable waste. Further improvements are recommended for the five performance indicators, particularly in the planning process, such as providing training and education for personnel about environmental awareness and management, planning for minimizing water usage, planning in minimizing inorganic fertilizer usage, screening suppliers, and using larger portions of wood pellets.","PeriodicalId":15657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43267053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.47125/jesam/2022_1/06
Loucel Cui, Rafael Guerrero III, A. De Lara, C. Rebancos, D. Faustino-Eslava
Diminutive freshwater fishes are small vertebrate species, maturing at sizes equal or less than 50-100 mm. The distribution and diversity status of these fishes are poorly known because they are difficult to observe in the wild due to their small size and remote location, especially in selected crater lakes, mountain streams, and waterfalls. The study provides baseline data for the diminutive freshwater fishes in the Santa Cruz River System in Laguna, Philippines. The survey was conducted in the upstream, midstream, and downstream for three quarters in 2016-2017. A total of 1,474 individuals belonging to nine families, 12 genera and 15 species were collected. Of the nine families, Gobiidae was the most abundant (47%) followed by Poeciliidae (18%) and Eleotridae (11%). Shannon-Weiner diversity indices ranged from 0.59 to 1.73. Dominance and Evenness ranged from 0.20 -0.75 and 0.23 to 0.99 respectively. The study recommends preventive approaches over restorative actions for the conservation and protection of the diminutive fishery resource.
{"title":"Diminutive Freshwater Fish in the Santa CruzRiver System, Laguna, Philippines","authors":"Loucel Cui, Rafael Guerrero III, A. De Lara, C. Rebancos, D. Faustino-Eslava","doi":"10.47125/jesam/2022_1/06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47125/jesam/2022_1/06","url":null,"abstract":"Diminutive freshwater fishes are small vertebrate species, maturing at sizes equal or less than 50-100 mm. The distribution and diversity status of these fishes are poorly known because they are difficult to observe in the wild due to their small size and remote location, especially in selected crater lakes, mountain streams, and waterfalls. The study provides baseline data for the diminutive freshwater fishes in the Santa Cruz River System in Laguna, Philippines. The survey was conducted in the upstream, midstream, and downstream for three quarters in 2016-2017. A total of 1,474 individuals belonging to nine families, 12 genera and 15 species were collected. Of the nine families, Gobiidae was the most abundant (47%) followed by Poeciliidae (18%) and Eleotridae (11%). Shannon-Weiner diversity indices ranged from 0.59 to 1.73. Dominance and Evenness ranged from 0.20 -0.75 and 0.23 to 0.99 respectively. The study recommends preventive approaches over restorative actions for the conservation and protection of the diminutive fishery resource.","PeriodicalId":15657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48302159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.47125/jesam/2022_1/05
Jittima Hirunrussamee, W. Wongwit, P. Tharnpoophasiam, S. Worakhunpiset, Kraichat Tantrakarnapa, Anamai Thetkathuek
The agrochemical overuse, especially that of paraquat, cypermethrin and carbendazim, has been observed in Thailand. Residuals do not only contaminate the environment and agricultural products, but also other living organisms related to the farming. With less attention being paid to the agrochemical residues in the environment, this study aimed to quantify agrochemical residues in soil, water, chicken’s blood and worker’s urine samples across different periods of cultivation among nine rose farms in Tak Province, Thailand were selected as study sites. Various agrochemicals were used throughout the year; particular attention was paid to paraquat, cypermethrin and carbendazim. Soil and water samples represented the environment, chicken’s blood represented animal subjects, and urine samples of rose farmers represented human subjects. The study revealed the existence of those three agrochemical residues in both soil and water samples. It was only in soil samples that paraquat and cypermethrin concentrations were higher than the maximum allowable concentration (47.24 mg kg-1and 0.24 mg kg-1, respectively). Residues of cypermethrin and carbendazim were found only in chicken’s blood (0.0280 μg L-1 and 0.0750 - 0.1640 μg L-1, respectively). Since rose farmers were well equipped with personal protective equipment when applying the pesticides, paraquat, cypermethrin and carbendazim quantifications in their urine samples were all below the detectable limits of the instruments used. Further studies such as better methods for residue analysis and a larger sample size are needed. More reliable quantifications may possibly result in assessing the relationship between agrochemical residues among environmental and living organisms.
{"title":"Agrochemical Residues in Soil, Water, Chicken’sBlood and Worker’s Urine Samples in Rose Farms, Tak Province, Thailand","authors":"Jittima Hirunrussamee, W. Wongwit, P. Tharnpoophasiam, S. Worakhunpiset, Kraichat Tantrakarnapa, Anamai Thetkathuek","doi":"10.47125/jesam/2022_1/05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47125/jesam/2022_1/05","url":null,"abstract":"The agrochemical overuse, especially that of paraquat, cypermethrin and carbendazim, has been observed in Thailand. Residuals do not only contaminate the environment and agricultural products, but also other living organisms related to the farming. With less attention being paid to the agrochemical residues in the environment, this study aimed to quantify agrochemical residues in soil, water, chicken’s blood and worker’s urine samples across different periods of cultivation among nine rose farms in Tak Province, Thailand were selected as study sites. Various agrochemicals were used throughout the year; particular attention was paid to paraquat, cypermethrin and carbendazim. Soil and water samples represented the environment, chicken’s blood represented animal subjects, and urine samples of rose farmers represented human subjects. The study revealed the existence of those three agrochemical residues in both soil and water samples. It was only in soil samples that paraquat and cypermethrin concentrations were higher than the maximum allowable concentration (47.24 mg kg-1and 0.24 mg kg-1, respectively). Residues of cypermethrin and carbendazim were found only in chicken’s blood (0.0280 μg L-1 and 0.0750 - 0.1640 μg L-1, respectively). Since rose farmers were well equipped with personal protective equipment when applying the pesticides, paraquat, cypermethrin and carbendazim quantifications in their urine samples were all below the detectable limits of the instruments used. Further studies such as better methods for residue analysis and a larger sample size are needed. More reliable quantifications may possibly result in assessing the relationship between agrochemical residues among environmental and living organisms.","PeriodicalId":15657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47118958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.47125/jesam/2021_2/08
G. Yumul, C. Dimalanta, D. Faustino-Eslava, Ferdinand T. Jumawan
The 2012 passage of Executive Order 79 in the Philippines literally stopped the granting of new mineral agreements by the Government to private companies. It put a stop to the full implementation of the 1995 Mining Act that resulted into the drying up of investment in the Mining Industry. This is bound to change with the 2021 signing of Executive Order 130 which allows the Government to enter into new mineral agreements with mining companies. With this development, old issues against the Mining Industry are being re-hashed. Environmental degradation, loss of ecological systems, suppression of the communities’ voices in charting their future and fair share from the mining revenue for the country are some of these issues. This paper intends to show that exploration and mining can be done responsibly and ethically that do not run counter to the protection of the environment and respect of the rights of the communities. Given the chance, the Mining Industry can be a positive factor in the country’s development drive.
{"title":"Geological Exploration, Responsible Mining and Ecological Restoration in the Philippines: Expectations and Possibilities","authors":"G. Yumul, C. Dimalanta, D. Faustino-Eslava, Ferdinand T. Jumawan","doi":"10.47125/jesam/2021_2/08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47125/jesam/2021_2/08","url":null,"abstract":"The 2012 passage of Executive Order 79 in the Philippines literally stopped the granting of new mineral agreements by the Government to private companies. It put a stop to the full implementation of the 1995 Mining Act that resulted into the drying up of investment in the Mining Industry. This is bound to change with the 2021 signing of Executive Order 130 which allows the Government to enter into new mineral agreements with mining companies. With this development, old issues against the Mining Industry are being re-hashed. Environmental degradation, loss of ecological systems, suppression of the communities’ voices in charting their future and fair share from the mining revenue for the country are some of these issues. This paper intends to show that exploration and mining can be done responsibly and ethically that do not run counter to the protection of the environment and respect of the rights of the communities. Given the chance, the Mining Industry can be a positive factor in the country’s development drive.","PeriodicalId":15657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46324896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.47125/jesam/2021_2/05
T. Kamyo, Sura Pattanakiat, L. Asanok, Khanitin Samanmit, Arnon Cherpaiboon, Sathid Thinkamphaeng, Dokrak Marod
The natural suitability of teak (Tectona grandis L.f.) at Mae Yom National Park, Phrae Province, Thailand was investigated using logistic regression. The study identified the relationship between key physical and soil properties with the presence of teak at natural sites, and applied a geographic information system platform to identify potential natural sites of teak. Fourteen variables were included in the model, five of these were found to have a significant effect (p < 0.05). Elevation was the most significant topographic variable, whereas magnesium, organic matter, potassium, and calcium were the most significant soil variables. The site prediction had 91.8% accuracy for identifying areas with high, moderate, and low probabilities of being suitable natural habitats for teak. These areas covered 87.63, 244.33, and 163.54 km2, respectively.
{"title":"Predicting the Natural Suitability of Teak (Tectona grandis L.f.) at Mae Yom National Park, Phrae Province, Thailand Using Logistic Regression Model","authors":"T. Kamyo, Sura Pattanakiat, L. Asanok, Khanitin Samanmit, Arnon Cherpaiboon, Sathid Thinkamphaeng, Dokrak Marod","doi":"10.47125/jesam/2021_2/05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47125/jesam/2021_2/05","url":null,"abstract":"The natural suitability of teak (Tectona grandis L.f.) at Mae Yom National Park, Phrae Province, Thailand was investigated using logistic regression. The study identified the relationship between key physical and soil properties with the presence of teak at natural sites, and applied a geographic information system platform to identify potential natural sites of teak. Fourteen variables were included in the model, five of these were found to have a significant effect (p < 0.05). Elevation was the most significant topographic variable, whereas magnesium, organic matter, potassium, and calcium were the most significant soil variables. The site prediction had 91.8% accuracy for identifying areas with high, moderate, and low probabilities of being suitable natural habitats for teak. These areas covered 87.63, 244.33, and 163.54 km2, respectively.","PeriodicalId":15657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43346754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.47125/jesam/2021_2/01
Ping Duan, Jia Li, Mingguo Wang, Jianyuan Wu
Coastline is the connection line between the land and the sea, and its extraction and analysis are of great significance to the coastal zone resources and environmental protection. Using remote sensing and Geographic Information Sysytem (GIS), coastline change from 1995 to 2015 in the Fujian Province, China, was extracted. The temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of coastline length, type and spatial location in the Fujian Province, China were analyzed. The coastline length continued to increase from 1995.29 km to 3555.036 km. The overall change intensity in 2010-2015 was the highest, reaching 0.87%, followed by 1995-2000. The smallest change occurred in 2005-2010. Based on the intensity changes in the six coastal cities of Fujian Province, Zhangzhou City showed the strongest coastline change. Except for the stability in 2000-2005, the changes that occurred during other years were larger. Fuzhou is the city with the smallest coastline changes, which have remained balanced for 25 years. Overall, the length of the rocky coastline and the sandy coastline generally show a downward trend, while the artificial coastline and the muddy coastline generally show an upward trend.
{"title":"Spatial-Temporal Analysis of the Coastline Changes in Fujian Province, China from 1995 to 2015","authors":"Ping Duan, Jia Li, Mingguo Wang, Jianyuan Wu","doi":"10.47125/jesam/2021_2/01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47125/jesam/2021_2/01","url":null,"abstract":"Coastline is the connection line between the land and the sea, and its extraction and analysis are of great significance to the coastal zone resources and environmental protection. Using remote sensing and Geographic Information Sysytem (GIS), coastline change from 1995 to 2015 in the Fujian Province, China, was extracted. The temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of coastline length, type and spatial location in the Fujian Province, China were analyzed. The coastline length continued to increase from 1995.29 km to 3555.036 km. The overall change intensity in 2010-2015 was the highest, reaching 0.87%, followed by 1995-2000. The smallest change occurred in 2005-2010. Based on the intensity changes in the six coastal cities of Fujian Province, Zhangzhou City showed the strongest coastline change. Except for the stability in 2000-2005, the changes that occurred during other years were larger. Fuzhou is the city with the smallest coastline changes, which have remained balanced for 25 years. Overall, the length of the rocky coastline and the sandy coastline generally show a downward trend, while the artificial coastline and the muddy coastline generally show an upward trend.","PeriodicalId":15657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44753170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.47125/jesam/2021_2/07
A. Reginaldo, Karen Claude Soriano, Bernadette Iglesia, Ceszie Vertudes
In the Philippines, few researches have been conducted about small mammals in urban areas at high elevation, where forests remain and non-native pest species can proliferate. Previous studies in Baguio City, Benguet Province reported three non-native species. This study extended these prior surveys by sampling in 13 localities, employing standard trapping method to document the distribution of species in an urban-forest setting. In 4,711 trap nights, 94 individuals were captured, consisting of four non-native species: Rattus exulans, Rattus tanezumi, Mus musculus, and Suncus murinus. Analysis of occurrence and relative abundance of species showed that small mammal distribution varied among the habitats, and appeared that variation may have been related to differences in vegetation structure or a habitat’s disturbance level. Rattus tanezumi was the most widespread, being especially common in backyard farms and in the public market. Suncus murinus was also widespread but less abundant than R. tanezumi. Rattus exulans was uncommon and restricted to certain area of a given habitat, particularly preferring weed-dominated areas. These suggest that non-native species are common and widespread in urban-forest setting but with apparent habitat preferences. The non-detection of native species is notable, suggesting that thorough studies can be done in the future.
{"title":"Occurrence and Habitat Use of Non-native Small Mammals in Upland Urban-Forest Environment in Northern Philippines","authors":"A. Reginaldo, Karen Claude Soriano, Bernadette Iglesia, Ceszie Vertudes","doi":"10.47125/jesam/2021_2/07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47125/jesam/2021_2/07","url":null,"abstract":"In the Philippines, few researches have been conducted about small mammals in urban areas at high elevation, where forests remain and non-native pest species can proliferate. Previous studies in Baguio City, Benguet Province reported three non-native species. This study extended these prior surveys by sampling in 13 localities, employing standard trapping method to document the distribution of species in an urban-forest setting. In 4,711 trap nights, 94 individuals were captured, consisting of four non-native species: Rattus exulans, Rattus tanezumi, Mus musculus, and Suncus murinus. Analysis of occurrence and relative abundance of species showed that small mammal distribution varied among the habitats, and appeared that variation may have been related to differences in vegetation structure or a habitat’s disturbance level. Rattus tanezumi was the most widespread, being especially common in backyard farms and in the public market. Suncus murinus was also widespread but less abundant than R. tanezumi. Rattus exulans was uncommon and restricted to certain area of a given habitat, particularly preferring weed-dominated areas. These suggest that non-native species are common and widespread in urban-forest setting but with apparent habitat preferences. The non-detection of native species is notable, suggesting that thorough studies can be done in the future.","PeriodicalId":15657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48947212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.47125/jesam/2021_2/06
R. Rahi, V. Gupta
Reactive azo dyes are considered as a major source of water and soil contamination. Carcinogenicity and the recalcitrant nature of these dyes is a worldwide problem. Exclusion of these dyes from the effluent is necessary for a clean and green environment. A bacterial consortium X5RC5 was developed for the effective removal of two of the primary reactive azo dyes utilized widely in textile industries (reactive orange 3R and reactive red HE7B). The consortium includes two indigenous bacterial isolates, Lysinibacillus macroides and Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila, from textile effluent. The X5RC5 completely degraded the reactive orange 3R in 4 days and reactive red HE7B in 5 days of incubation periods. In two days, more than 50% degradation was observed for both dyes. Biodegradation of these dyes was affirmed through the UV-Vis spectra and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. This investigation advances the utilization of consortium X5RC5 as a biological tool for the bio-handling of effluent containing dyes.
{"title":"Biodegradation of Carcinogenic Reactive Azo Dyes by Indigenous Bacterial Consortium X5RC5","authors":"R. Rahi, V. Gupta","doi":"10.47125/jesam/2021_2/06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47125/jesam/2021_2/06","url":null,"abstract":"Reactive azo dyes are considered as a major source of water and soil contamination. Carcinogenicity and the recalcitrant nature of these dyes is a worldwide problem. Exclusion of these dyes from the effluent is necessary for a clean and green environment. A bacterial consortium X5RC5 was developed for the effective removal of two of the primary reactive azo dyes utilized widely in textile industries (reactive orange 3R and reactive red HE7B). The consortium includes two indigenous bacterial isolates, Lysinibacillus macroides and Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila, from textile effluent. The X5RC5 completely degraded the reactive orange 3R in 4 days and reactive red HE7B in 5 days of incubation periods. In two days, more than 50% degradation was observed for both dyes. Biodegradation of these dyes was affirmed through the UV-Vis spectra and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. This investigation advances the utilization of consortium X5RC5 as a biological tool for the bio-handling of effluent containing dyes.","PeriodicalId":15657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42371947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.47125/jesam/2021_2/03
J. Yap
Nuclear energy in the Philippines has been thrust into the spotlight by the administration of President Duterte. A committee created by Executive Order 116 was tasked to formulate a national position on a possible nuclear program. For nuclear energy to be a sustainable alternative, it must be accepted by society at large. Conventional wisdom surrounding the Bataan Nuclear Power Plant (BNPP) has branded this project as a white elephant leading to rejection of nuclear energy among a significant number of Filipinos, particularly members of civil society. This study presents evidence that the BNPP was operational at the time the administration of President Corazon Aquino decided to shut it down. Moreover, the risks related to the BNPP’s location are largely inconsequential. The BNPP became a white elephant because of an ill-advised political decision. Evaluating the viability of nuclear energy in the Philippines should therefore be balanced and deal solely with underlying technical and scientific issues, which are well known. Meanwhile, the role of nuclear energy in promoting a low-carbon society must be re-evaluated because of the sharp decline in the cost of variable renewable energy (VRE). If nuclear energy will eventually be incorporated in the plans of the Department of Energy (DOE), building a new large reactor would be too expensive. Two options are more feasible: revive the BNPP and/or invest in small module reactors (SMRs). Even if the latter has not yet been mainstreamed in the global energy market, SMRs are already on the radar of the DOE
在杜特尔特总统的领导下，菲律宾的核能成为人们关注的焦点。第116号行政命令成立了一个委员会，负责就可能的核项目制定国家立场。核能要想成为一种可持续的替代能源，就必须为整个社会所接受。围绕巴丹核电站(Bataan Nuclear Power Plant, BNPP)的传统观点将该项目打上了白象的烙印，导致相当多的菲律宾人，尤其是民间社会成员拒绝使用核能。这项研究提供的证据表明，在总统科拉松·阿基诺(Corazon Aquino)政府决定关闭BNPP时，BNPP仍在运行。此外，与BNPP位置相关的风险在很大程度上是无关紧要的。由于一个不明智的政治决定，BNPP成为了一个累赘。因此，评估菲律宾核能的可行性应该是平衡的，并且只处理基本的技术和科学问题，这是众所周知的。同时，由于可变可再生能源(VRE)成本的急剧下降，必须重新评估核能在促进低碳社会中的作用。如果核能最终被纳入美国能源部(DOE)的计划，那么建造一个新的大型反应堆将过于昂贵。有两种选择更为可行:重启BNPP和/或投资小模块反应堆(smr)。即使后者尚未成为全球能源市场的主流，小型反应堆已经在美国能源部的雷达上
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