Pub Date : 2020-12-27DOI: 10.47125/jesam/2020_sp1/02
Melito Hirondo, Louise Laine Hirondo, Klarence Joyce Malaya, Erniefiel Francisco, Arlene Mazon, P. Natal, D. Senoro, Merian Catajay-Mani
This study presents the utilization of flexible plastic post-consumer wastes combined with abaca (A/PCW) as a potential composite board for building industry. Employing a simple physico-mechanical process using S2 grade abaca fiber and flexible plastic PCW which produced composite board potential for building materials. Hence, the study investigated the best performing formulation of A/PCW composite based on its physical and mechanical properties. Three types of A/PCW samples with six specimen were prepared for each type. These are Sample 1, 2 and, 3 which has 50:50, 60:40, and 70:30 wt:wt ratio, respectively. Abaca fiber grade S2 with PCW made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and PET with metalized aluminium bonded with R10-103 agent were used to form a composite board. Sample 2 performed best among the samples by recording the most improved physical and mechanical properties. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) statistics tool was applied., The results supported and confirmed the experimental analyses.
{"title":"Abaca Fiber (Musa textilis Nee) and Plastic Post-Consumer Wastes (A/PCW) as Potential Building Material","authors":"Melito Hirondo, Louise Laine Hirondo, Klarence Joyce Malaya, Erniefiel Francisco, Arlene Mazon, P. Natal, D. Senoro, Merian Catajay-Mani","doi":"10.47125/jesam/2020_sp1/02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47125/jesam/2020_sp1/02","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents the utilization of flexible plastic post-consumer wastes combined with abaca (A/PCW) as a potential composite board for building industry. Employing a simple physico-mechanical process using S2 grade abaca fiber and flexible plastic PCW which produced composite board potential for building materials. Hence, the study investigated the best performing formulation of A/PCW composite based on its physical and mechanical properties. Three types of A/PCW samples with six specimen were prepared for each type. These are Sample 1, 2 and, 3 which has 50:50, 60:40, and 70:30 wt:wt ratio, respectively. Abaca fiber grade S2 with PCW made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and PET with metalized aluminium bonded with R10-103 agent were used to form a composite board. Sample 2 performed best among the samples by recording the most improved physical and mechanical properties. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) statistics tool was applied., The results supported and confirmed the experimental analyses.","PeriodicalId":15657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41825048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.47125/jesam/2020_2/08
Na-Na Liu, Yujie Wang, Yunqi Wang, Zhanjun Zhao
Forest soil can buffer acidification and neutralize acidic airborne pollutants, but for acid rainwater, it makes contact with forest litter in the forest ecosystem first before reaching the soil. However, leachate chemistry of forest litter treated with different acid load rates is rarely studied. A leaching experiment was performed on forest litter from mixed conifer-broadleaf (MCB) and evergreen broadleaf (EB) forests in Jinyun Mountain, Three Gorges area, Southwestern China with simulated acid rain (SAR) of pH=2.7, 3.5 and 4.5. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and cations were exported from MCB and EB when treated with various acid load rates. The rainwater deacidification of forest litter was enhanced by considerable leachate concentrations of DOC, Ca2+and Mg2+. The acid buffering capacity of EB was stronger than MCB with different composition of forest litter. Leaching of cations increased with decreasing pH of SAR. Although more easily decomposed, EB released greater Al3+ than MCB, leachate Ca/Al ratios of EB did not reach the critical value of 1.0. Thus, in the study area, EB forest may be a better choice for afforestation and reforestation with better forest litter, showing good buffering capacity, keeping soil from acidification and being a greater nutrient pool for soil under it.
{"title":"Leaching of Dissolved Organic Carbon and Cations and the Buffering Capacity of Litters from Forest Stands in Southwestern China","authors":"Na-Na Liu, Yujie Wang, Yunqi Wang, Zhanjun Zhao","doi":"10.47125/jesam/2020_2/08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47125/jesam/2020_2/08","url":null,"abstract":"Forest soil can buffer acidification and neutralize acidic airborne pollutants, but for acid rainwater, it makes contact with forest litter in the forest ecosystem first before reaching the soil. However, leachate chemistry of forest litter treated with different acid load rates is rarely studied. A leaching experiment was performed on forest litter from mixed conifer-broadleaf (MCB) and evergreen broadleaf (EB) forests in Jinyun Mountain, Three Gorges area, Southwestern China with simulated acid rain (SAR) of pH=2.7, 3.5 and 4.5. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and cations were exported from MCB and EB when treated with various acid load rates. The rainwater deacidification of forest litter was enhanced by considerable leachate concentrations of DOC, Ca2+and Mg2+. The acid buffering capacity of EB was stronger than MCB with different composition of forest litter. Leaching of cations increased with decreasing pH of SAR. Although more easily decomposed, EB released greater Al3+ than MCB, leachate Ca/Al ratios of EB did not reach the critical value of 1.0. Thus, in the study area, EB forest may be a better choice for afforestation and reforestation with better forest litter, showing good buffering capacity, keeping soil from acidification and being a greater nutrient pool for soil under it.","PeriodicalId":15657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45443915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.47125/jesam/2020_2/06
Paveethira Suppiah Suppiah, K. W. Tan, K. S. Chin, Yuk Feng Huang
This study aimed to assess the differences in modelling disaster risks results when using historical precipitation and when using simulated precipitation associated with future Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) climate scenarios. Subsequently, the relationship between climate change and climate hazards was analyzed in this study. The secondary data analyzed included historical precipitation (1983-2017), flood and landslide events records, and Providing Regional Climates for Impacts Studies (PRECIS) regional climate model (RCM):A1B, A2 and B2 scenarios. By comparing the historical precipitation data with the RCM scenarios, the results showed that the precipitation was correlated with A1B scenario (r= 0.695). The relationship between climate change and hazards was identified to be a positive correlation. The historical daily precipitation (1983-2017) showed a positive correlation with flood and landslide events (r= 0.530, r = 0.797, respectively). As for prediction of climate hazards, the RCM A1B, A2 and B2 scenarios showed correlations with flood event: r= 0.648, 0.384 and 0.417, respectively. Similar results were obtained for landslide and the RCM A1B, A2 and B2 scenario: r = 0.498, 0.751 and 0.654, respectively. Precipitation simulation by PRECIS RCM indicated increased levels of precipitation in the Cameron Highlands for the 2018 - 2069. Commensurate with this, great possibility of increasingly serious consequential hazards such as flood and landslide events are expected.
{"title":"Assessment of Climate Hazards Using PRECIS Regional Climate Model (RCM): A Case Study in Cameron Highlands, Pahang, Malaysia","authors":"Paveethira Suppiah Suppiah, K. W. Tan, K. S. Chin, Yuk Feng Huang","doi":"10.47125/jesam/2020_2/06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47125/jesam/2020_2/06","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to assess the differences in modelling disaster risks results when using historical precipitation and when using simulated precipitation associated with future Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) climate scenarios. Subsequently, the relationship between climate change and climate hazards was analyzed in this study. The secondary data analyzed included historical precipitation (1983-2017), flood and landslide events records, and Providing Regional Climates for Impacts Studies (PRECIS) regional climate model (RCM):A1B, A2 and B2 scenarios. By comparing the historical precipitation data with the RCM scenarios, the results showed that the precipitation was correlated with A1B scenario (r= 0.695). The relationship between climate change and hazards was identified to be a positive correlation. The historical daily precipitation (1983-2017) showed a positive correlation with flood and landslide events (r= 0.530, r = 0.797, respectively). As for prediction of climate hazards, the RCM A1B, A2 and B2 scenarios showed correlations with flood event: r= 0.648, 0.384 and 0.417, respectively. Similar results were obtained for landslide and the RCM A1B, A2 and B2 scenario: r = 0.498, 0.751 and 0.654, respectively. Precipitation simulation by PRECIS RCM indicated increased levels of precipitation in the Cameron Highlands for the 2018 - 2069. Commensurate with this, great possibility of increasingly serious consequential hazards such as flood and landslide events are expected.","PeriodicalId":15657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48924882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.47125/jesam/2020_2/07
A. H. Ismail, Azimah Abd Rahman, Lim Chiew Chin
The Teluk Bahang Reservoir is the largest in Penang, Malaysia and supplies drinking water to the inhabitants of the Northwest of Penang Island. A monthly testing of water quality and study of zooplankton species abundance was conducted at four different sampling locations and three different water depths. The water quality parameters measured include water temperature, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, pH, orthophosphate (PO4-P), ammonium-nitrogen (NH4-N), nitrite-nitrogen (NO2-N) and nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N). In this study, multiple techniques in ArcMap software, namely, Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) and Kernel Density, were used to identify the relationship among water quality parameters and species abundance of zooplankton in the sampling stations. In GIS spatial analysis, high abundance areas or hotspot areas of zooplankton were presented in a visual map. The distribution pattern of zooplankton species and the geographic distribution of water quality parameters were clearly identified based on inspection of the map. The data generated from GIS mapping in this study is important for ecological research, particularly on zooplankton distribution in a drinking water reservoir.
{"title":"The Use of GIS to Visualize Spatial Distribution of Zooplankton in Teluk Bahang Reservoir, Penang, Malaysia","authors":"A. H. Ismail, Azimah Abd Rahman, Lim Chiew Chin","doi":"10.47125/jesam/2020_2/07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47125/jesam/2020_2/07","url":null,"abstract":"The Teluk Bahang Reservoir is the largest in Penang, Malaysia and supplies drinking water to the inhabitants of the Northwest of Penang Island. A monthly testing of water quality and study of zooplankton species abundance was conducted at four different sampling locations and three different water depths. The water quality parameters measured include water temperature, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, pH, orthophosphate (PO4-P), ammonium-nitrogen (NH4-N), nitrite-nitrogen (NO2-N) and nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N). In this study, multiple techniques in ArcMap software, namely, Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) and Kernel Density, were used to identify the relationship among water quality parameters and species abundance of zooplankton in the sampling stations. In GIS spatial analysis, high abundance areas or hotspot areas of zooplankton were presented in a visual map. The distribution pattern of zooplankton species and the geographic distribution of water quality parameters were clearly identified based on inspection of the map. The data generated from GIS mapping in this study is important for ecological research, particularly on zooplankton distribution in a drinking water reservoir.","PeriodicalId":15657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48467657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.47125/jesam/2020_2/04
Luciano Barcellos de Padua, Sandra Liliana Palacio Vélez, Hermilson Velásquez Ceballos, Victor Manuel Oquendo Trujillo
Ongoing environmental deterioration has led governments and other institutions to pay closer attention to pollution problems as pollutant emissions can significantly influence and constrain economic growth. Most countries on the American continent use the ISO 14001 standard and the number of new certifications grows year by year. This work empirically explores the influence of environmental management system based on ISO 14001 certifications upon the financial performance of Colombian companies, 133 ISO 14001 certified and 5,036 non-certified firms. A panel data analysis over three years was the data analysis method. This work studied the financial performance of the companies implementing EMS compared to those that did not in one of the most important Latin American economies (Colombia). It was found that a positive relationship exists between the ISO standard and financial performance measured through the companies’ Return on Assets (ROA).
{"title":"Exploring the Link between Environmental Practices and Financial Performance: an Empirical Study","authors":"Luciano Barcellos de Padua, Sandra Liliana Palacio Vélez, Hermilson Velásquez Ceballos, Victor Manuel Oquendo Trujillo","doi":"10.47125/jesam/2020_2/04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47125/jesam/2020_2/04","url":null,"abstract":"Ongoing environmental deterioration has led governments and other institutions to pay closer attention to pollution problems as pollutant emissions can significantly influence and constrain economic growth. Most countries on the American continent use the ISO 14001 standard and the number of new certifications grows year by year. This work empirically explores the influence of environmental management system based on ISO 14001 certifications upon the financial performance of Colombian companies, 133 ISO 14001 certified and 5,036 non-certified firms. A panel data analysis over three years was the data analysis method. This work studied the financial performance of the companies implementing EMS compared to those that did not in one of the most important Latin American economies (Colombia). It was found that a positive relationship exists between the ISO standard and financial performance measured through the companies’ Return on Assets (ROA).","PeriodicalId":15657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47776225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.47125/jesam/2020_2/01
M. K. Kamarudin, N. Wahab, Siti Nor Aisyah Md Bati, Mohd Ekhwab Toriman, Ahman Shakir Mohd Saudi, R. Umar, Sunardi
The rise in human population densities and the pace of development had intensified the depletion of the water quality. This study aimed to analyze the concentration of dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) during wet season and dry season at Terengganu River in 2016. A total of 29 monitoring stations in the study area were selected and three water quality parameters were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the correlation matrix methods. The DO ranged from 2.11 to 8.07 mg L-1, COD from 2.24 to 39 mg L-1 and BOD from 0.67 to 6.52 mg L-1 for the wet season while in dry season, DO ranged from 2.30 to 6.05 mg L-1, COD from 1.9 to 20.48 mg L-1 and BOD from 0.04 to 13.99 mg L-1. Spearman’s correlation test shows there was a weak correlation between DO and COD during wet season, while in the dry season, there was a weak correlation between DO-COD and DO-BOD. This study also found out that urbanization and anthropogenic activities in the area can gave the more impact towards seasons and water quality deterioration in Terengganu River, Malaysia.
{"title":"Seasonal Variation on Dissolved Oxygen, Biochemical Oxygen Demand and Chemical Oxygen Demand in Terengganu River Basin, Malaysia","authors":"M. K. Kamarudin, N. Wahab, Siti Nor Aisyah Md Bati, Mohd Ekhwab Toriman, Ahman Shakir Mohd Saudi, R. Umar, Sunardi","doi":"10.47125/jesam/2020_2/01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47125/jesam/2020_2/01","url":null,"abstract":"The rise in human population densities and the pace of development had intensified the depletion of the water quality. This study aimed to analyze the concentration of dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) during wet season and dry season at Terengganu River in 2016. A total of 29 monitoring stations in the study area were selected and three water quality parameters were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the correlation matrix methods. The DO ranged from 2.11 to 8.07 mg L-1, COD from 2.24 to 39 mg L-1 and BOD from 0.67 to 6.52 mg L-1 for the wet season while in dry season, DO ranged from 2.30 to 6.05 mg L-1, COD from 1.9 to 20.48 mg L-1 and BOD from 0.04 to 13.99 mg L-1. Spearman’s correlation test shows there was a weak correlation between DO and COD during wet season, while in the dry season, there was a weak correlation between DO-COD and DO-BOD. This study also found out that urbanization and anthropogenic activities in the area can gave the more impact towards seasons and water quality deterioration in Terengganu River, Malaysia.","PeriodicalId":15657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43325012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.47125/jesam/2020_2/02
Kahirun, L. M. H. Kilowasid, L. Sabaruddin, Mukhtar
The current management of Lahumoko Watershed is still conventional. Mainly, in agricultural land management, the practices do not use the principles of soil and water conservation. This is not sufficient in supporting people’s lives so that the biological, physical, social, economic and institutional dimensions do not support the sustainability of the Lahumoko Watershed. This study aimed to analyze the sustainability and the factors that have multidimensional influence on the sustainability of the Lahumoko Watershed, North Buton Regency, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. The method used was Rapid Appraisal for Watersheds, adopted from Rapid Appraisal for Fisheries using the Multi-Dimensional Scaling technique. The sustainability status of the Lahumoko Watershed management for the physical, economic and institutional dimensions were still less sustainable, while the biological and social dimensions were fairly sustainable. Some leverage attributes contributing to improving the sustainability of watershed management were patterns of agricultural crop cultivation, plant diversity in forest, management of protected organisms, river biota, management of forest cover, soil and water conservation technologies, agricultural infrastructure, runoff, sedimentation, water quality, education level, relationship pattern of the community, conflict status, land dependency, agricultural productivity, access to resources, access to markets, resource management planning and rule comprehensiveness for watershed management.
{"title":"The Sustainability Status of Lahumoko Watershed Management, North Buton Regency, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia","authors":"Kahirun, L. M. H. Kilowasid, L. Sabaruddin, Mukhtar","doi":"10.47125/jesam/2020_2/02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47125/jesam/2020_2/02","url":null,"abstract":"The current management of Lahumoko Watershed is still conventional. Mainly, in agricultural land management, the practices do not use the principles of soil and water conservation. This is not sufficient in supporting people’s lives so that the biological, physical, social, economic and institutional dimensions do not support the sustainability of the Lahumoko Watershed. This study aimed to analyze the sustainability and the factors that have multidimensional influence on the sustainability of the Lahumoko Watershed, North Buton Regency, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. The method used was Rapid Appraisal for Watersheds, adopted from Rapid Appraisal for Fisheries using the Multi-Dimensional Scaling technique. The sustainability status of the Lahumoko Watershed management for the physical, economic and institutional dimensions were still less sustainable, while the biological and social dimensions were fairly sustainable. Some leverage attributes contributing to improving the sustainability of watershed management were patterns of agricultural crop cultivation, plant diversity in forest, management of protected organisms, river biota, management of forest cover, soil and water conservation technologies, agricultural infrastructure, runoff, sedimentation, water quality, education level, relationship pattern of the community, conflict status, land dependency, agricultural productivity, access to resources, access to markets, resource management planning and rule comprehensiveness for watershed management.","PeriodicalId":15657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49317587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.47125/jesam/2020_2/03
M. Talavera, A. Bustos, C. Rebancos
Climate change and malnutrition are two global phenomena that affect millions of population groups. The Philippines is considered one of the most vulnerable countries for extreme natural events and at the same time has a high prevalence of underweight (19.0%) and stunting (28.8%) in 2019 among under five children. The nutritionally vulnerable groups are children, pregnant and lactating women, and elderly. These groups are also greatly affected by climate change-related events then the malnutrition situation is exacerbated. The local nutrition workers are the frontline workers who plan, implement, and monitor nutrition programs. Mainstreaming climate change in the local nutrition planning processes will be facilitated if nutrition workers are knowledgeable. This study aimed to determine the current knowledge, attitudes and practices of nutrition workers and perceptions on how to mainstream climate change in the nutrition sector’s local planning system. A survey was conducted among local nutrition workers. Ninety-five percent of nutrition workers were highly knowledgeable, 86% were with high level of attitudes and 50% were exhibiting moderate level of practices related to climate change. The gaps can be narrowed by capacity building and possibly this can lead to mainstreaming climate change in the local nutrition planning process.
{"title":"Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Nutrition Workers on Climate Change in Laguna, Batangas and Cavite Provinces, Philippines","authors":"M. Talavera, A. Bustos, C. Rebancos","doi":"10.47125/jesam/2020_2/03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47125/jesam/2020_2/03","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change and malnutrition are two global phenomena that affect millions of population groups. The Philippines is considered one of the most vulnerable countries for extreme natural events and at the same time has a high prevalence of underweight (19.0%) and stunting (28.8%) in 2019 among under five children. The nutritionally vulnerable groups are children, pregnant and lactating women, and elderly. These groups are also greatly affected by climate change-related events then the malnutrition situation is exacerbated. The local nutrition workers are the frontline workers who plan, implement, and monitor nutrition programs. Mainstreaming climate change in the local nutrition planning processes will be facilitated if nutrition workers are knowledgeable. This study aimed to determine the current knowledge, attitudes and practices of nutrition workers and perceptions on how to mainstream climate change in the nutrition sector’s local planning system. A survey was conducted among local nutrition workers. Ninety-five percent of nutrition workers were highly knowledgeable, 86% were with high level of attitudes and 50% were exhibiting moderate level of practices related to climate change. The gaps can be narrowed by capacity building and possibly this can lead to mainstreaming climate change in the local nutrition planning process.","PeriodicalId":15657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44394710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.47125/jesam/2020_2/10
Rosalina Palanca-Tan
The study looked into the risks associated with extreme climate events in the case of a semi-urban fishing community surrounding Laguna Lake in the Philippines. A survey was undertaken to determine the economic effects (loss of assets, foregone income, and changes in consumption patterns) of strong typhoons and torrential rains on fishing households. Vulnerability, estimated as the perceived probability of lower consumption after flooding or typhoons, was used to assess the economic impact on households. Household characteristics, including social capital, that may influence consumption vulnerability, were analyzed using a binary probit regression model. Social capital, a multi-dimensional concept consisting of social networks and skills possessed and used by household members to facilitate actions, was modeled using four indicators – two associational (membership in a formal organization and usefulness of informal social networks) and two behavioral (trust and cooperativeness). Regression results revealed that fishing income and household size significantly affect vulnerability. The higher the fish catch and the smaller the household, the less vulnerable is the household to strong storms and torrential rains. Social capital indicators do not significantly affect consumption vulnerability of households.
{"title":"Social Capital and Vulnerability to Extreme Climate in a Semi-urban Fishing Community in Laguna de Bay, Philippines","authors":"Rosalina Palanca-Tan","doi":"10.47125/jesam/2020_2/10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47125/jesam/2020_2/10","url":null,"abstract":"The study looked into the risks associated with extreme climate events in the case of a semi-urban fishing community surrounding Laguna Lake in the Philippines. A survey was undertaken to determine the economic effects (loss of assets, foregone income, and changes in consumption patterns) of strong typhoons and torrential rains on fishing households. Vulnerability, estimated as the perceived probability of lower consumption after flooding or typhoons, was used to assess the economic impact on households. Household characteristics, including social capital, that may influence consumption vulnerability, were analyzed using a binary probit regression model. Social capital, a multi-dimensional concept consisting of social networks and skills possessed and used by household members to facilitate actions, was modeled using four indicators – two associational (membership in a formal organization and usefulness of informal social networks) and two behavioral (trust and cooperativeness). Regression results revealed that fishing income and household size significantly affect vulnerability. The higher the fish catch and the smaller the household, the less vulnerable is the household to strong storms and torrential rains. Social capital indicators do not significantly affect consumption vulnerability of households.","PeriodicalId":15657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41616245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.47125/jesam/2020_2/05
M. R. Tanquilut, J. Elauria, Homer C. Genuino, M. Elauria, D. Suministrado, Rossana Marie C. Amongo, K. Yaptenco
Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. wood was pyrolyzed using a semi-continuous gram-scale reactor at optimized conditions of temperature (469°C), nitrogen flow rate (14.2 mL min-1), and particle size (1.3 mm), yielding bio-oil (54%), biochar (26%), and syngas (16%). The cost of bio-oil production for 1 t yr-1 was estimated to be US$ 681.00. Financial analysis revealed a net present value (NPV)of US$ 24,322.00 at 12% discount rate, an IRR of 343.85 %, with breakeven quantity of 199 L. Sensitivity analysis showed that an increased price of raw materials up to 30 %, and a decreased price of products down to 25 %, resulted to an increased NPV and IRR. Decreasing the bio-oil yield below 40 % gave a negative NPV with an IRR of 9%. If bio-oil and biochar were tapped as alternative bioenergy, 360,000 L of fuel oil and 259 t of coal could be saved. A total greenhouse gas emission of 749 t of CO2 equivalent can be avoided. Thus, pigeon pea pyrolysis for bio-oil production provided a net positive energy output and was proven to be profitable investment, and environment-friendly as potential bioenergy resource to replace petroleum-based fuels.
豌豆。使用半连续克级反应器在温度（469°C）、氮气流速（14.2 mL min-1）和粒度（1.3 mm）的优化条件下热解木材，产生生物油（54%）、生物炭（26%）和合成气（16%）。1 t yr-1的生物油生产成本估计为681.00美元。财务分析显示，按12%的贴现率计算，净现值（NPV）为24322.00美元，内部收益率为343.85%，盈亏平衡数量为199L。敏感性分析表明，原材料价格上涨30%，产品价格下跌25%，导致NPV和内部收益率增加。将生物油产量降低到40%以下会产生负NPV，内部收益率为9%。如果利用生物油和生物炭作为替代生物能源，可以节省36万升燃料油和259吨煤炭。可以避免749吨二氧化碳当量的温室气体排放总量。因此，鸽子豌豆热解用于生物油生产提供了净正能量输出，并被证明是一项有利可图的投资，是一种环境友好的潜在生物能源，可以取代石油燃料。
{"title":"Technical, Financial and Environmental Assessment of Bio-oil Production from Pyrolysis of Pigeon Pea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] Wood","authors":"M. R. Tanquilut, J. Elauria, Homer C. Genuino, M. Elauria, D. Suministrado, Rossana Marie C. Amongo, K. Yaptenco","doi":"10.47125/jesam/2020_2/05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47125/jesam/2020_2/05","url":null,"abstract":"Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. wood was pyrolyzed using a semi-continuous gram-scale reactor at optimized conditions of temperature (469°C), nitrogen flow rate (14.2 mL min-1), and particle size (1.3 mm), yielding bio-oil (54%), biochar (26%), and syngas (16%). The cost of bio-oil production for 1 t yr-1 was estimated to be US$ 681.00. Financial analysis revealed a net present value (NPV)of US$ 24,322.00 at 12% discount rate, an IRR of 343.85 %, with breakeven quantity of 199 L. Sensitivity analysis showed that an increased price of raw materials up to 30 %, and a decreased price of products down to 25 %, resulted to an increased NPV and IRR. Decreasing the bio-oil yield below 40 % gave a negative NPV with an IRR of 9%. If bio-oil and biochar were tapped as alternative bioenergy, 360,000 L of fuel oil and 259 t of coal could be saved. A total greenhouse gas emission of 749 t of CO2 equivalent can be avoided. Thus, pigeon pea pyrolysis for bio-oil production provided a net positive energy output and was proven to be profitable investment, and environment-friendly as potential bioenergy resource to replace petroleum-based fuels.","PeriodicalId":15657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42593989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：