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Development of Transmission Line Employing Graphene-silver Nanowire/PET Structure for Application in Flexible and Wearable Devices in X-band Wireless Communication Systems 开发采用石墨烯-银纳米线/PET 结构的传输线,以应用于 X 波段无线通信系统中的柔性可穿戴设备
IF 2.3 3区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2023-11-28 DOI: 10.26866/jees.2024.1.r.198
Hyun-Soo Oh, Sooyeon Jeong, Young Yun, Seung Yol Jeong
In this study
在这项研究中
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引用次数: 0
Clutter Rejection for FM Ranging Airborne Radar 调频测距机载雷达杂波抑制
3区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.26866/jees.2023.6.r.190
Ji Hwan Yoon, Yong Min Kim
In airborne radar, it is important to reject clutter signals to detect targets of interest. High pulse repetition frequency (HPRF) waveform provides robust detection performance in a clutter environment by separating clutter signals from the target echo signals in a Doppler frequency domain, but it suffers from range ambiguity. The range ambiguity in HPRF can be resolved by frequency modulation (FM) ranging. However, the Doppler frequencies of both the clutter and target echo signals change linearly with the range due to changes in the carrier frequency in FM ranging. In such a case, the target echo signal can be rejected by a conventional clutter rejection frequency even if it is not masked by a clutter signal. This paper proposes an optimum clutter rejection frequency for FM ranging airborne radar by considering the Doppler frequency spread in FM ranging. The optimum clutter rejection frequency is derived by calculating the maximum Doppler frequency of the spread clutter signal caused by FM ranging. The simulation and flight test results verify that the proposed clutter rejection frequency is the optimum value that can improve the detection capability of FM ranging airborne radar.
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引用次数: 0
Broadband All-Metal Vivaldi Array Antenna with Pyramidal-Shaped Wings for LEO Satellite Applications 用于低轨卫星的金字塔翼宽带全金属维瓦尔第阵列天线
3区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.26866/jees.2023.5.r.184
Doyoung Jang, Tae Heung Lim, Seulgi Park, Hosung Choo
In this paper, we propose an all-metal Vivaldi antenna with pyramidal-shaped conductive wings for use in satellite signal intelligence applications. The inner metal Vivaldi antenna consists of radiating flares and a transition part between the feeder and the flares. The curvature of the inner flares is optimized, while the outer edges of the radiating flares are connected to the pyramidal-shaped wings to obtain a higher antenna gain over the entire operating frequency band. To verify the antenna’s feasibility, performance aspects such as the reflection coefficient, the radiation patterns, and the boresight gain are measured in a full anechoic chamber. The fractional bandwidth of the proposed antenna is 54%, while the boresight gain is greater than 7.3 dBi in the frequency range from 8 GHz to 12 GHz. To examine array performance aspects such as the total gain and beam steering, the proposed Vivaldi antenna is extended to a 4 × 1 linear array configuration. When the main beam is steered from 0° to 15°, the maximum gain is varied from 14.5 dBi to 13.7 dBi, while the side lobe level is decreased from 11.2 dB to 6.3 dB.
在本文中,我们提出了一种具有金字塔形导电翼的全金属维瓦尔第天线,用于卫星信号情报应用。内部金属维瓦尔第天线由辐射耀斑和馈线与耀斑之间的过渡部分组成。内部耀斑的曲率得到优化,而辐射耀斑的外缘连接到金字塔形机翼,以获得更高的天线增益在整个工作频带。为了验证天线的可行性,在全消声室中测量了反射系数、辐射方向图和轴视增益等性能。该天线的分数带宽为54%,在8ghz ~ 12ghz频率范围内,轴视增益大于7.3 dBi。为了检查阵列性能方面,如总增益和波束转向,所提出的维瓦尔第天线被扩展到一个4 × 1线性阵列配置。当主波束从0°转向到15°时,最大增益从14.5 dBi变化到13.7 dBi,而旁瓣电平从11.2 dB降低到6.3 dB。
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引用次数: 0
An Investigation of Harmonic Oscillation of an Ion Particle in a Non-uniform Electrostatic Field 离子粒子在非均匀静电场中的谐振振荡研究
3区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.26866/jees.2023.5.r.186
Jatupon Em-Udom, Nattapon Jaisumroum
In this study, we investigate the possibility to trap an ion particle in a non-uniform electrostatic field generated by two ionic rings, with the aim to obtain and verify general results regarding our proposition. To develop the equation of motion, we first derive the electric field generated by each ring, based on the multipole expansion technique under the azimuthally symmetrical charge distribution speculation and superposition principle. Then, we establish the equation of motion regarding the Lagrangian formalism. From the results, we observe that an ion particle can exhibit harmonic motion, if the stability condition is satisfied by an appropriate parametric setting. The results are confirmed by displacement responses and phase trajectory plots, which validate our belief in the prospect to trap an ion in an electrostatic field. Furthermore, the velocity amplitude is significantly influenced by both the charge concentration of each ring and its size.
在这项研究中,我们研究了在由两个离子环产生的非均匀静电场中捕获离子粒子的可能性,目的是获得和验证关于我们的命题的一般结果。为了建立运动方程,我们首先根据方位对称电荷分布推测和叠加原理,利用多极展开技术推导出每个环所产生的电场。然后,我们根据拉格朗日的形式建立了运动方程。从结果中我们观察到,如果通过适当的参数设置满足稳定性条件,离子粒子可以表现出谐波运动。位移响应和相轨迹图证实了这一结果,验证了我们在静电场中捕获离子的前景。此外,速度振幅受每个环的电荷浓度和环的大小的显著影响。
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引用次数: 0
An I-Shaped Slot Grid Antenna Array with Substrate Integration and Enhanced Bandwidth 具有基板集成和增强带宽的i形槽网格天线阵列
3区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.26866/jees.2023.5.r.188
Zhiyi Li, Shengjie Wang, Fan Li, Lin Lin, Hongzheng Zeng
Aimed to transmit electromagnetic energy in wireless power transfer, a planar substrate-integrated grid antenna array with four I-shaped slots was designed. A transverse stub was added to the microstrip line to produce additional resonance; hence, the impedance bandwidth was enhanced from 1.9% to 6%. Four I-shaped slots were formed on a perfect electric conductor (PEC) sheet to realize boresight radiation. Four gaps were etched to refine and compress the in-band impedance property. Furthermore, characteristic mode theory was adopted to analyze the working mechanism. Finally, the measurement results showed that the antenna had an operating bandwidth of 5% (|S11| < -10 dB from 5.67 GHz to 5.96 GHz). In the operating band, the boresight gain varied from 9.3 dBi to 11.3 dBi. The cross-polarization level was lower than -30 dB on the boresight. Therefore, the proposed array is suitable for use in wireless power transfer systems and other related applications.
针对无线电力传输中的电磁能量传输问题,设计了一种具有4个i型槽的平面基板集成栅格天线阵列。在微带线上增加一个横向短段以产生额外的共振;因此,阻抗带宽从1.9%提高到6%。在完美电导体(PEC)片上形成4个i型槽,实现轴向辐射。通过刻蚀四个间隙来改进和压缩带内阻抗特性。采用特征模态理论对其工作机理进行了分析。最后,测量结果表明,天线的工作带宽为5% (|<i>S</i><sub>11</sub>| <- 10db(从5.67 GHz到5.96 GHz)。在工作波段,视轴增益在9.3 ~ 11.3 dBi范围内变化。横向极化水平低于-30 dB。因此,所提出的阵列适合用于无线电力传输系统和其他相关应用。
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引用次数: 0
Hybrid Sidelobe Recognition Method Using Boresight Error and Quadrant Signal Difference for Monopulse Array 基于轴视误差和象限信号差的单脉冲阵列混合旁瓣识别方法
3区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.26866/jees.2023.5.r.185
Daewoong Woo, Jung-Won Lee, Kyu Young Hwang, Deok Kyu Kong
In this paper, a sidelobe recognition method using boresight error and quadrant signal difference for a monopulse array is proposed. A conventional sidelobe recognition method compares the difference between the sum and delta channels. This method works well for the azimuth and elevation planes. However, the method is prone to many errors in the diagonal region of the two-dimensional plane. To overcome this problem, a method to calculate the deviation of the boresight error difference with different frequency combinations and a threshold to identify the sidelobe is proposed, and the method is validated to significantly reduce the error region. If a four-quadrant signal can be extracted separately, the signal deviation can be calculated and compared with the threshold, and the error region can be further reduced. The effects of each margin and bandwidth on the recognition performance are analyzed, and a slot array antenna is simulated to assess the method’s effectiveness.
提出了一种基于轴视误差和象限信号差的单脉冲阵列旁瓣识别方法。传统的旁瓣识别方法比较和信道和增量信道之间的差异。这种方法适用于方位角和仰角平面。然而,该方法在二维平面的对角线区域容易产生许多误差。为了克服这一问题,提出了一种计算不同频率组合下视轴误差差的偏差和识别副瓣的阈值的方法,并对该方法进行了验证,使误差区域显著减小。如果可以单独提取四象限信号,则可以计算信号偏差并与阈值进行比较,进一步缩小误差区域。分析了各裕度和带宽对识别性能的影响,并对一个槽阵天线进行了仿真,验证了该方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Improved Ground Radiation Antenna Performance for a Vertically Attached PCB 垂直连接PCB的改进地面辐射天线性能
3区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.26866/jees.2023.5.l.18
Seokju Wi, Hoseung Lee, Jeonghwan Kim, Rui Li, Hyunwoong Shin, Hyeongdong Kim
A small, loop-type ground radiation antenna for 2.4-GHz WLAN applications in the complex ground with two vertically attached printed circuit boards (PCBs) was designed. In the presence of a vertical PCB (sub-PCB), the antennas in two different positions, far from and near the sub-PCB, were designed. The current distribution of the complex PCB was stronger near the sub-PCB. Therefore, the coupling between the antenna and the complex PCB was stronger when the antenna was located near the sub-PCB. The antenna close to the sub-PCB obtained more than twice the 3:1 VSWR bandwidth and the efficiency bandwidth than the distant antenna.
设计了一种小型环形地辐射天线,用于2.4 ghz复杂地面环境下的无线局域网应用,该天线采用两片垂直连接的印刷电路板(pcb)。在垂直PCB(子PCB)存在的情况下,设计了远离子PCB和靠近子PCB两个不同位置的天线。复合PCB的电流分布在子PCB附近更强。因此,当天线位于子PCB附近时,天线与复合PCB之间的耦合更强。靠近子pcb的天线获得的VSWR带宽和效率带宽是远端天线3:1的两倍以上。
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引用次数: 0
Unified GSTC-FDTD Algorithm for the Efficient Electromagnetic Analysis of 2D Dispersive Materials 二维色散材料高效电磁分析的统一GSTC-FDTD算法
3区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.26866/jees.2023.5.r.187
Sangeun Jang, Jae-Woo Baek, Jeahoon Cho, Kyung-Young Jung
The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method has been widely used for the electromagnetic wave analysis of complex media. Conventional FDTD analyses of very thin two-dimensional (2D) dispersive materials require overwhelming computing resources because they should use very refined FDTD spatial grids. In this work, we propose a computationally efficient and unified FDTD formulation for 2D dispersive materials based on a combination of the generalized sheet transition condition (GSTC) and the modified Lorentz dispersion model. The proposed FDTD formulation can lead to a significant improvement in computational efficiency compared to the conventional FDTD method, while maintaining high accuracy. Numerical examples validate the improved computational efficiency of the proposed FDTD formulation.
时域有限差分法(FDTD)已广泛应用于复杂介质的电磁波分析。传统的时域有限差分法分析非常薄的二维(2D)色散材料需要大量的计算资源,因为它们需要使用非常精细的时域有限差分空间网格。在这项工作中,我们提出了一种基于广义片过渡条件(GSTC)和修正洛伦兹色散模型相结合的二维色散材料的计算效率和统一的FDTD公式。与传统的时域有限差分法相比,所提出的时域有限差分公式可以显著提高计算效率,同时保持较高的精度。数值算例验证了所提时域有限差分公式计算效率的提高。
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引用次数: 0
Design of a Dual-Mode Waveguide CP Antenna with a Symmetric Beamwidth Using Short Stub for Low-Orbit Satellite TC&amp;R 基于短存根的低轨道卫星对称波束宽双模波导CP天线设计
3区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.26866/jees.2023.5.r.183
Dong-Su Choi, Yoon-Seon Choi, Hyo-Jin Lee, Sun-Ik Lee, Jong-Myung Woo
In this study, a dual-mode waveguide circularly polarized antenna for TC&R (telemetry, command, and ranging) was proposed for the communication between a low-orbit satellite and a ground station. The proposed antenna required both a wide -10 dB bandwidth and axial ratio bandwidth of 7.1–7.3 GHz and 8.0–8.4 GHz. The antenna was designed with a stepped septum inside a square waveguide to obtain circular polarization and the axial ratio wide bandwidth. Next, a dual-mode synthesis method was adopted for link budgeting by combining square and circular waveguides. The requirement was that the co-polarization level with a symmetric -3 dB beamwidth of 39° must be -5 dBic or higher at ±76.5°, and the cross-polarization level must average -15 dBic or lower at ±76.5°. Finally, the corrugate structure attached to the outside of the extended circular waveguide was offset in multiple steps to suppress the back lobe of the crosspolarization As a result, the axial ratio maintained an average of 1.8 dB at 0° within each band of the required frequency. In addition, the co-polarization obtained an average of -4.52 dBic in the 7.2 GHz band and -5.31 dBic in the 8.2 GHz band at ±76.5°. Finally, in the case of the cross-polarization pattern, the back lobe level was suppressed by 9.89 dB at 7.2 GHz by the corrugate structure, and an average value of -19.9 dBic or less was obtained at ±76.5°. The proposed antenna was confirmed to be effective as a Korean low-orbit satellite TC&R antenna with a radiation pattern of a symmetric beamwidth.
在这项研究中,提出了一种用于tc&&r(遥测、指挥和测距)的双模波导圆极化天线,用于低轨道卫星和地面站之间的通信。该天线需要- 10db宽带宽和7.1-7.3 GHz和8.0-8.4 GHz的轴比带宽。该天线采用方形波导内的阶梯形隔片设计,以获得圆极化和宽轴比带宽。其次,采用双模综合方法将方波导和圆波导结合起来进行链路预算。要求是对称波束宽度为39°的-3 dB的共极化电平在±76.5°时必须为-5 dBic或更高,而交叉极化电平在±76.5°时必须平均为-15 dBic或更低。最后,对附加在扩展圆波导外部的波纹结构进行多步偏移以抑制交叉极化的后瓣,使轴向比在所需频率的每个波段内保持在0°时的平均1.8 dB。此外,在±76.5°时,共极化在7.2 GHz频段平均为-4.52 dBic,在8.2 GHz频段平均为-5.31 dBic。最后,在交叉极化方向图中,波纹结构在7.2 GHz时抑制了9.89 dB的后瓣电平,在±76.5°时平均抑制了-19.9 dBic以下。该天线被证实是有效的韩国低轨道卫星tc&r天线,具有对称波束宽度的辐射方向图。
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引用次数: 0
Novel Multi-Band Substrate-Integrated Waveguide Antenna and Extension to a Deca-Band Antenna 新型多频带基板集成波导天线及十频带天线的扩展
3区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.26866/jees.2023.5.l.17
Youngje Sung
In this letter, a deca-band substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) antenna with filtering function is proposed. The number of slots was increased from 4 to 10, and the quad-band antenna design is extended to a deca-band antenna. At this time, good impedance matching characteristics are maintained without changing other parameters except the patch length. The fabricated deca-band antenna has 10 resonances between 3–4.4 GHz and a broadside radiation pattern characteristic at each resonance frequency, and the measured gain is 1.8–4.2 dBi.
本文提出了一种具有滤波功能的十波段基板集成波导(SIW)天线。槽数从4个增加到10个,四频天线设计扩展到十频天线。此时,在不改变除贴片长度以外的其他参数的情况下,保持了良好的阻抗匹配特性。制作的十频天线在3-4.4 GHz之间有10个共振,每个共振频率具有宽侧辐射方向图特性,测量增益为1.8-4.2 dBi。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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