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Toxic metal pollution and associated ecological and human health risks in soils and stream sediments of Idanre area, Southwest Nigeria. 尼日利亚西南部Idanre地区土壤和河流沉积物中的有毒金属污染及相关的生态和人类健康风险。
IF 1.9 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q4 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-05 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2025.2524785
Olaniyi JohnPaul Popoola, Seun Emmanuel Bamidele, Alaba Opeoluwa Adepoju, Enoch Augustine Raphael

Toxic metals are persistent environmental pollutants with significant ecological and health risks due to their non-biodegradability and bioaccumulation. This study assessed the extent of toxic metal pollution and associated ecological and human health risks in soils and stream sediments of Idanre area, Southwest Nigeria. Forty samples (20 soils, 20 sediments) were analyzed using X-ray fluorescence for major oxides and trace metals. Multivariate statistical methods and geochemical indices were used to determine contamination levels and sources. Human health risks were evaluated using United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) models for ingestion, inhalation, and dermal exposure. Results showed SiO2 dominance in soils and sediments, indicating silicate-rich parent material. Elevated concentrations of Pb (24.59-82.19 mg/kg), Cd (0.63-1.96 mg/kg), and Cr (30-93.35 mg/kg) exceeded background levels, pointing to anthropogenic sources. Stream sediments showed higher contamination, especially Zn (avg. CF = 7.59), Cd (3.89), and Pb (3.98). Igeo values confirmed moderate to strong enrichment, and Cd posed moderate to high ecological risk (Er = 71.82-174.55). Health risk assessments indicated significant non-carcinogenic risks in children (HI = 4.88-9.66), mainly via dermal exposure and ingestion, with Pb, Cr, and Co as key contributors. Adults showed negligible risk, and carcinogenic risks remained within acceptable limits, with Cr as the main carcinogen.

有毒金属是一种持久性环境污染物,由于其不可生物降解性和生物蓄积性,具有重大的生态和健康风险。本研究评估了尼日利亚西南部Idanre地区土壤和河流沉积物中有毒金属污染的程度以及相关的生态和人类健康风险。用x射线荧光分析了40个样品(20个土壤,20个沉积物)的主要氧化物和微量金属。采用多元统计方法和地球化学指标确定污染程度和污染源。使用美国环境保护署(USEPA)的摄入、吸入和皮肤接触模型评估人类健康风险。结果表明,土壤和沉积物中SiO2含量占主导地位,表明母质为富硅酸盐物质。铅(24.59-82.19 mg/kg)、镉(0.63-1.96 mg/kg)和铬(30-93.35 mg/kg)的浓度均超过背景水平,表明是人为来源。水系沉积物污染程度较高,特别是Zn(平均值CF = 7.59)、Cd(平均值3.89)和Pb(平均值3.98)。Igeo值显示Cd具有中~强富集,具有中~高生态风险(Er = 71.82 ~ 174.55)。健康风险评估显示,儿童存在显著的非致癌风险(HI = 4.88-9.66),主要通过皮肤接触和摄入,其中铅、铬和钴是主要因素。成人的风险可以忽略不计,致癌风险仍在可接受范围内,铬是主要致癌物。
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引用次数: 0
Human health risks from textile chemicals: a critical review of recent evidence (2019-2025). 纺织化学品对人类健康的风险:对近期证据的批判性审查(2019-2025年)。
IF 1.9 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q4 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-07 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2025.2514406
Joaquim Rovira, Marília Cristina Oliveira Souza, Martí Nadal, José L Domingo

Global textile production, driven by consumer demand, raises significant concerns about exposure to chemicals in clothing and related products. This review synthesizes evidence (2019-2025) on hazardous substances in textiles, including dyes, plasticizers, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), and metals, and identifies and categorizes their associated human health risks. Emerging evidence highlights microfibers as critical vectors for chemical exposure via inhalation and dermal routes, necessitating updated risk assessments. Focusing on dermal absorption as the primary exposure route, risks to vulnerable populations (e.g., infants, pregnant women) and gaps in regulatory frameworks are highlighted. The current analysis reveals that chronic exposure to chemical mixtures in textiles remains poorly understood, with current safety assessments often neglecting synergistic effects. Key findings include elevated risks from phthalates in infant clothing, PFAS in water-repellent fabrics, and carcinogenic aromatic amines (AAs) from azo dyes. We underscore the urgency of harmonized global regulations, advanced biomonitoring, and sustainable alternatives (e.g., enzymatic dyes, biodegradable finishes). Public awareness initiatives and stricter enforcement of certifications like OEKO-TEX® or GOTS are critical to mitigating risks. Interdisciplinary collaboration among textile technologists, toxicologists, and public health experts is essential to develop safer textile alternatives and integrate health-centric approaches into sustainability agendas, safeguarding consumers, workers, and ecosystems.

受消费者需求驱动的全球纺织品生产,引发了人们对服装及相关产品中化学物质暴露的严重担忧。本综述综合了纺织品中有害物质的证据(2019-2025年),包括染料、增塑剂、全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质(PFAS)和金属,并对其相关的人类健康风险进行了识别和分类。新出现的证据强调,微纤维是通过吸入和皮肤途径接触化学物质的关键载体,因此需要更新风险评估。重点关注皮肤吸收作为主要接触途径,强调易受伤害人群(如婴儿、孕妇)面临的风险以及监管框架中的空白。目前的分析表明,长期接触纺织品中的化学混合物仍然知之甚少,目前的安全评估往往忽略了协同效应。主要发现包括婴儿服装中的邻苯二甲酸盐、防水织物中的PFAS以及偶氮染料中致癌的芳香胺(AAs)的风险增加。我们强调协调全球法规、先进生物监测和可持续替代品(如酶染料、可生物降解饰面)的紧迫性。提高公众意识和严格执行OEKO-TEX®或GOTS等认证对于降低风险至关重要。纺织技术专家、毒理学家和公共卫生专家之间的跨学科合作对于开发更安全的纺织品替代品和将以健康为中心的方法纳入可持续发展议程,保护消费者、工人和生态系统至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Cyto-genotoxic effects predict ecotoxicity in plant bioassays and the aquatic organism Artemia salina L.: a case study from a sewage treatment plant. 细胞-基因毒性效应在植物生物测定和水生生物中预测生态毒性:来自污水处理厂的案例研究。
IF 1.9 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q4 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-02 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2025.2473832
Marcela Emiliano Novaes Matilde, Leonardo Mendes da Silva, Tamara Alessandra Costa Santos, Maria Eduarda Magalhães, Marcel José Palmieri, Larissa Fonseca Andrade-Vieira

This study evaluated the toxicological and mutagenic potential of water samples from a Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) in Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Samples were taken from four sites: upstream in the stream (P1), downstream (P2), at the entrance of the treatment station (P3), and at the exit (P4). We conducted physicochemical analyses in water, phytotoxicity tests on plants (Triticum aestivum, Pennisetum glaucum, Lactuca sativa, Raphanus sativus), cytogenotoxicity tests using onion roots (Allium cepa), and Artemia salina immobilization tests. Elevated Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), anionic surfactants, and ammoniacal nitrogen were found at P3 and P4. While germination rates were generally unaffected, P4 inhibited the germination speed of R. sativus. The growth of L. sativa increased in P3 and P4, and of R. sativus in P2, due to more nitrogen and phosphorus. T. aestivum and P. glaucum, however, had their growth inhibited at P4 due to surfactant toxicity. Cytogenotoxicity tests revealed the highest frequencies of micronuclei and nuclear buds in cells exposed to P3 and P4. Additionally, P3 caused 87.5% immobilization of A. salina. These findings suggest that the WWTP is not fully efficient, and its effluent discharge may contribute to eutrophication and genetic mutations in exposed organisms.

本研究评估了巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州拉夫拉斯市污水处理厂(WWTP)水样的毒理学和诱变潜力。样本取自四个地点:河流上游(P1)、下游(P2)、处理站入口(P3)和出口(P4)。我们在水中进行了理化分析,对植物(Triticum aestivum, Pennisetum glaucum, lacuca sativa, Raphanus sativus)进行了植物毒性试验,用洋葱根(Allium cepa)进行了细胞毒性试验,并对Artemia salina进行了固定化试验。P3和P4的生化需氧量(BOD)、化学需氧量(COD)、阴离子表面活性剂和氨态氮均升高。P4抑制了红花的萌发速度,但对萌发率没有影响。由于氮磷含量较高,P3、P4和P2的油菜生长加快。而T. aestivum和P. glaucum的生长在P4时受到表面活性剂毒性的抑制。细胞基因毒性试验显示,暴露于P3和P4的细胞中微核和核芽的频率最高。P3对褐藻的固定作用为87.5%。这些发现表明,污水处理厂并非完全有效,其污水排放可能导致暴露生物的富营养化和基因突变。
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引用次数: 0
Unlocking the potential of avocado seed activated carbon: rapid and efficient adsorption of Th(IV) ions for sustainable nuclear waste management. 释放鳄梨籽活性炭的潜力:快速有效地吸附Th(IV)离子用于可持续核废料管理。
IF 2.1 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q4 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-17 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2025.2585682
Omar Alnasra, Manal Alkhabbas, Fawwaz Khalili, Dareen Abdel Jabbar

Activated carbon derived from avocado seeds (AVSAC) was evaluated for its ability to adsorb and desorb Thorium(IV) ions, targeting applications in nuclear waste management and environmental cleanup. Extensive characterization (FTIR, XRD, SEM, TGA/DSC, BET) confirmed structural changes upon Th(IV) uptake; notably, FTIR indicated hydroxyl and aromatic groups participate in binding, while SEM and BET showed significantly reduced porosity and surface area, consistent with effective adsorption. At pH 3.0, a fixed-bed column (0.50 g AVSAC; flow rate 0.25 mL min-1; residence time 4 min mL-1) treated 50 mL of 750 mg L-1 Th(IV), achieving 97.3% removal (36.5 mg captured; 73 mg g-1 working capacity). The adsorption was remarkably fast, sequestering 94% of Th(IV) within five minutes. Kinetic data fit a pseudo-second-order model well, and equilibrium data aligned with the Freundlich isotherm, consistent with PSO behavior on a heterogeneous surface; overall uptake is predominantly physical (thermodynamics/D-R), with localized Th-O coordination contributions. Thermodynamic analysis revealed a spontaneous and endothermic process. Regeneration studies showed that 1.00 M nitric acid could recover 70.5% of the adsorbed thorium. Overall, this work highlights AVSAC as a highly promising, efficient, and regenerable adsorbent for removing Th(IV) from aqueous solutions, offering valuable insights for treating contaminated water streams.

研究了牛油果籽活性炭(AVSAC)对钍离子的吸附和解吸能力,并将其应用于核废料管理和环境净化。广泛的表征(FTIR, XRD, SEM, TGA/DSC, BET)证实了Th(IV)吸收后的结构变化;值得注意的是,FTIR显示羟基和芳香族参与了结合,而SEM和BET显示孔隙率和表面积明显减少,与有效吸附一致。在pH 3.0下,固定床柱(0.50 g AVSAC,流速0.25 mL min-1,停留时间4 min mL-1)处理50 mL 750 mg L-1 Th(IV),去除率为97.3%(捕获36.5 mg,工作容量为73 mg g-1)。吸附速度非常快,在5分钟内就能吸附94%的Th(IV)。动力学数据与拟二阶模型拟合良好,平衡数据与Freundlich等温线一致,符合非均质表面PSO行为;总的吸收主要是物理的(热力学/D-R),有局部的Th-O配位贡献。热力学分析表明这是一个自发的吸热过程。再生研究表明,1.00 M硝酸可回收吸附钍的70.5%。总的来说,这项工作强调了AVSAC是一种非常有前途的、高效的、可再生的吸附剂,用于从水溶液中去除Th(IV),为处理受污染的水流提供了有价值的见解。
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引用次数: 0
Enhanced stabilization of mercury-contaminated soil using waste tyre-modified biochar: a green remediation approach. 利用废轮胎改性生物炭增强汞污染土壤的稳定性:一种绿色修复方法。
IF 2.1 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q4 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-20 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2025.2588069
Suyog Gurjar, A Ramesh Kumar

Mercury (Hg) contamination in soil is a serious environmental and health concern due to its high toxicity and bioaccumulation. This study investigated the potential of rice husk biochar (RHB), bamboo biochar (BB) and tyre-modified biochar (T-RHB and T-BB) for mitigating Hg contamination. Biochar was produced through pyrolysis of agricultural residues at 500-550 °C and characterized for surface area, elemental composition, functional groups using BET, CHNS, FTIR and SEM-EDS analysis. The results showed that Hg removal followed a chemical adsorption process. Tyre-modified biochar was more effective in removing Hg, with T-BB and T-RHB adsorbing 82.64 mg/g and 47.62 mg/g of Hg, which was much higher than the unmodified BB (38.46 mg/g) and RHB (32.36 mg/g). The Langmuir model indicated monolayer adsorption with higher Qmax and KL values, showing stronger Hg binding on modified biochar. TCLP tests revealed that tyre-modified biochar reduced Hg leaching by 85% (T-BB) and 72% (T-RHB) compared to untreated soil. Even under different pH conditions, the modified biochar maintained high Hg-binding efficiency, especially near neutral to slightly alkaline conditions (pH 7.3-9.6). Overall, tyre-modified biochar offers a cost-effective, eco-friendly and sustainable way to stabilize Hg in contaminated soil while turning waste tyre powder and agricultural residues into useful materials.

土壤中的汞污染由于其高毒性和生物蓄积性,是一个严重的环境和健康问题。研究了稻壳生物炭(RHB)、竹木生物炭(BB)和轮胎改性生物炭(T-RHB和T-BB)在减轻汞污染方面的潜力。通过500-550°C的农业残渣热解制备生物炭,并通过BET、CHNS、FTIR和SEM-EDS分析对其表面积、元素组成、官能团进行了表征。结果表明,汞的去除遵循化学吸附过程。轮胎改性生物炭对汞的吸附效果较好,T-BB和T-RHB对汞的吸附量分别为82.64 mg/g和47.62 mg/g,远高于未改性的BB (38.46 mg/g)和RHB (32.36 mg/g)。Langmuir模型表明,改性生物炭具有较高的Qmax和KL值,表明改性生物炭对汞的吸附能力较强。TCLP试验表明,与未经处理的土壤相比,轮胎改性生物炭的Hg浸出率分别降低了85% (T-BB)和72% (T-RHB)。即使在不同的pH条件下,改性后的生物炭也保持了较高的hg结合效率,特别是在中性至微碱性条件下(pH 7.3-9.6)。总的来说,轮胎改性生物炭提供了一种经济、环保和可持续的方法来稳定污染土壤中的汞,同时将废轮胎粉末和农业残留物转化为有用的材料。
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引用次数: 0
Revolutionizing microplastic detection in water through quantum dot fluorescence. 革命性地通过量子点荧光检测水中的微塑料。
IF 2.1 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q4 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2025.2578105
Sreedevi Paramparambath, Shabnam Roshan, Mithra Geetha, Veerasingam Subramanian, Maryam Al-Ejji, John-John Cabibihan, Kishor Kumar Sadasivuni

Microplastics (MPs) are emerging environmental contaminants that pose significant risks to ecosystems and human health. Traditional detection methods for microplastics in water and other matrices often involve complex and costly techniques. In this research, we introduce an innovative approach utilizing carbon quantum dots (CQDs), a class of fluorescent nanomaterials known for their simple synthesis, low cost, eco-friendliness, and low toxicity. MPs were successfully stained with CQDs by optimizing the reaction conditions through a microwave-assisted synthesis. The resulting MP-CQD composites were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), profilometry, and UV-Vis analysis. This study further investigated the fluorescence emission from CQD-stained MPs and examined the impact of MP concentration on particle agglomeration. This novel method demonstrated the ability to effectively agglomerate and detect MPs at very low concentrations, offering a streamlined and efficient approach to MPs detection in water. The optimized method enabled visible fluorescence detection of MPs at concentrations as low as 0.005 ppm, demonstrating sensitivity comparable to instrumental approaches but with greater simplicity and accessibility. The integration of CQDs into this process marks a significant advancement in detecting and potentially removing MPs from aquatic environments.

微塑料是一种新兴的环境污染物,对生态系统和人类健康构成重大风险。传统的水和其他基质中微塑料的检测方法往往涉及复杂和昂贵的技术。在这项研究中,我们介绍了一种利用碳量子点(CQDs)的创新方法,碳量子点是一类合成简单、成本低、环保和低毒性的荧光纳米材料。通过微波辅助合成优化反应条件,成功地对MPs进行了CQDs染色。采用扫描电镜(SEM)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、x射线光电子能谱(XPS)、轮廓术和紫外可见光谱(UV-Vis)对合成的MP-CQD复合材料进行了表征。本研究进一步研究了cqd染色MPs的荧光发射,并考察了MP浓度对颗粒团聚的影响。这种新方法证明了在非常低浓度下有效凝聚和检测MPs的能力,为水中MPs检测提供了一种简化和有效的方法。优化后的方法可以在低至0.005 ppm的浓度下进行可见荧光检测,其灵敏度与仪器方法相当,但更简单,更容易获得。将CQDs整合到这一过程中,标志着在检测和潜在地从水生环境中去除MPs方面取得了重大进展。
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引用次数: 0
Study on the treatment of polyvinyl alcohol wastewater using iron-carbon microelectrolysis. 铁炭微电解法处理聚乙烯醇废水的研究。
IF 2.1 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q4 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2026.2616155
Jian Zhou, Qingyun Xu, Xukui Wei, Qiaojun Liu, Xuemin Zhang, Yan Kong

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) wastewater was pretreated by iron-carbon (Fe/C) microelectrolysis. The effects of initial pH, reaction time, aeration volume, and iron-carbon dosing on chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal rate were investigated. The COD removal rate is used as the response function and the response surface method (RSM) is optimized. When the initial pH was 1.8, the reaction time was 2.5h, the aeration volume was 4.3 L/min, and the treatment concentration was 800 mg/L of polyvinyl alcohol wastewater, the COD removal rate was the highest, 62.26%, and the PVA removal rate reached 64.88%. Among them, reaction time and aeration volume are key factors in improving the treatment effect. Research shows that after pretreated PVA wastewater is treated by a microelectrolytic reactor, the organic pollutants in the wastewater can be basically completely degraded or converted, and the biochemical properties of the wastewater can be improved.

采用铁碳(Fe/C)微电解法预处理聚乙烯醇(PVA)废水。考察了初始pH、反应时间、曝气量、铁碳投加量对化学需氧量(COD)去除率的影响。以COD去除率为响应函数,对响应面法进行优化。当初始pH为1.8、反应时间为2.5h、曝气量为4.3 L/min、处理浓度为800 mg/L的聚乙烯醇废水时,COD去除率最高,达到62.26%,PVA去除率达到64.88%。其中,反应时间和曝气量是影响处理效果的关键因素。研究表明,经预处理的PVA废水经微电解反应器处理后,废水中的有机污染物基本被完全降解或转化,废水的生化性能得到改善。
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引用次数: 0
Corn stalk biochar modified with imidazolium-based ionic liquids for the removal of Cd2+ from mine water. 咪唑基离子液体改性玉米秸秆生物炭去除矿井水中Cd2+的研究。
IF 1.9 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q4 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-25 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2025.2520168
Nan Zhang, Yang Qiao, Jinrong Zhang, Pengfei Cui, Xufei Liu

Mining-induced heavy metal pollution poses an urgent ecological challenge. Recently, biochar, especially corn stover biochar (CSB) modified with ionic liquids (ILs) for weak interactions, has shown promise in mine water remediation. In this study, we used charred corn stover as biochar and synthesized 1-methyl-3-[3-(trimethoxysilyl) propyl] imidazolium IL as modifier to create imidazolium-based IL-modified biochar. The chemical structure of the IL and the chemical composition of the biochar were analyzed with the help of 1H NMR and FT-IR. Characterization techniques such as XPS, SEM, and nitrogen adsorption-desorption measurements were employed to investigate the elemental composition, surface morphology, pore size, porosity, and other physicochemical properties of the corn straw biochar. Cd2+ was chosen as the representative of heavy metal ions in mine water, and the adsorption kinetics and isotherm experiments were conducted to study the adsorption performance of CSB on heavy metal ions. The results exhibited that the adsorption performance of IL-modified CSB material (Qe = 48.1000 mg/g) for heavy metals was enhanced to a certain extent compared with that of unmodified CSB material (Qe = 44.0000 mg/g). This provided a foundation for using corn straw biochar to remove heavy metals in mine water.

采矿引起的重金属污染对生态环境提出了迫切的挑战。近年来,离子液体对玉米秸秆生物炭(CSB)进行弱相互作用改性,在矿井水的修复中显示出良好的应用前景。本研究以烧焦的玉米秸秆为生物炭,合成1-甲基-3-[3-(三甲氧基硅基)丙基]咪唑IL为改性剂,制备咪唑基IL改性生物炭。利用1H NMR和FT-IR分析了生物炭的化学结构和化学成分。采用XPS、SEM、氮吸附-解吸等表征技术对玉米秸秆生物炭的元素组成、表面形貌、孔径、孔隙度等理化性质进行了研究。选择Cd2+作为矿山水中重金属离子的代表,通过吸附动力学和等温线实验研究CSB对重金属离子的吸附性能。结果表明:il修饰的CSB材料(Qe = 48.1000 mg/g)对重金属的吸附性能比未修饰的CSB材料(Qe = 44.000 mg/g)有一定程度的增强。这为利用玉米秸秆生物炭去除矿井水中重金属提供了基础。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of pharmaceutical industry wastewater for their cyto-genotoxic potential and oxidative stress induced by the waste. 制药工业废水的细胞遗传毒性和氧化应激评价。
IF 2.1 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q4 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-06 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2025.2583008
Sana Saifi, Abdul Malik

Wastewater from pharmaceutical industries has made pharma industries as one of the major emerging pollutants. In this study, physicochemical parameters were evaluated, and potentially toxic elements (PTEs) were analyzed by ICP-AES. LC-MS revealed the presence of various organic pollutants including antibiotics (Levofloxacin, Kanamycin, Streptothricin F), anticancer drugs, β-blockers, hormones, NSAIDs, psychiatric drugs, and CNS stimulators, among other PPCPs. The cyto-genotoxic potential of wastewater was evaluated using Allium cepa chromosomal aberration assay. Toxicity was measured through mitotic index and chromosomal aberration after treatment with different concentrations (v/v) of wastewater. Significant increase in chromosomal abnormalities and decrease in mitotic index with increasing concentration of effluent was observed. The lowest MI was recorded (7%) at 100% concentration of wastewater. Furthermore, to assess phytotoxicity Vigna radiata seed germination assay was performed and found that the number of seeds germinated and other parameters such as seedling vigor index, radical and plumule length significantly decreased when treated with different concentrations of wastewater. Oxidative stress was shown in Vigna radiata root by Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope. This study highlights the toxicological risk posed by pharmaceutical wastewater due the presence of various PPCPs and PTEs which might be toxic and adversely affect human health, plants as well as environment.

医药工业废水已成为我国主要的新兴污染物之一。采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-AES)测定其理化参数,分析其潜在有毒元素(pte)。LC-MS显示了各种有机污染物的存在,包括抗生素(左氧氟沙星、卡那霉素、链霉素F)、抗癌药物、β受体阻滞剂、激素、非甾体抗炎药、精神药物和中枢神经系统刺激剂等ppcp。采用葱属植物染色体畸变法对废水的细胞遗传毒性进行了评价。不同浓度(v/v)废水处理后,通过有丝分裂指数和染色体畸变率测定毒性。随着出水浓度的增加,染色体异常明显增加,有丝分裂指数明显降低。在废水浓度为100%时,记录的最低MI为7%。此外,为了评估植物毒性,进行了辐射豇豆种子萌发试验,发现不同浓度的废水处理显著降低了辐射豇豆种子的萌发数量以及幼苗活力指数、胚根和胚轴长度等参数。用激光共聚焦扫描显微镜观察了紫荆根的氧化应激。本研究强调了制药废水中各种ppcp和pte的存在所带来的毒理学风险,这些物质可能对人类健康、植物和环境产生不利影响。
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引用次数: 0
Characterization and regeneration of low-cost adsorbents for heavy metal removal: Insights from contaminant transport in Sri Lankan agricultural soils. 表征和再生的低成本吸附剂的重金属去除:从污染物运输在斯里兰卡农业土壤的见解。
IF 2.1 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q4 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-18 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2025.2582350
Thilini Gunawardhana, Erin Erwin, Chamindu Deepagoda

Chronic Kidney Disease of unknown etiology (CKDu) is a major public health concern in the North Central Province (NCP) of Sri Lanka, where groundwater heavy metal contamination is suspected as a key contributing factor. This study investigates the mobilization and transport of in-situ heavy metals in agricultural soils from Medawachchiya and Horowpathana and examines the movement of artificially introduced Cadmium and Lead through soil column experiments. Four locally available, low-cost bio-adsorbents namely, Mahogany sawdust (MG-A), Jackfruit peels (JF-A), Rice husk (RH-A), and Coconut husk (CH-A) were evaluated for Cd2+ removal from synthetic groundwater. Among them, MG-A demonstrated the highest adsorption efficiency (73.12% for 80 mg/L and 92.2% for 10 mg/L), outperforming JF-A (60.07%), RH-A (36.73%), and CH-A (16.54%). Adsorbent characterization using FTIR, FE-SEM, and BET analyses revealed that surface functionality and porosity played key roles in adsorption performance. Regeneration studies showed that acid (HCl) treatment restored the adsorption capacity of MG-A by 91.49%, indicating strong reusability potential. The novelty of this research lies in integrating soil transport experiments with bio-waste-derived adsorbent development, providing a comprehensive understanding of heavy metal mobility and remediation. These findings demonstrate a sustainable, community-adaptable approach for mitigating Cd2+ contamination in groundwater, offering practical and scalable solutions to reduce CKDu risks in vulnerable regions.

病因不明的慢性肾脏疾病(CKDu)是斯里兰卡中北部省(NCP)的一个主要公共卫生问题,地下水重金属污染被怀疑是一个关键因素。本文研究了Medawachchiya和Horowpathana农业土壤中原位重金属的迁移和运输,并通过土壤柱实验研究了人工引入的镉和铅的运动。研究了当地可获得的四种低成本生物吸附剂,即桃花心木木屑(MG-A)、菠萝蜜皮(JF-A)、稻壳(RH-A)和椰子壳(CH-A)对合成地下水中Cd2+的去除效果。其中mg - a的吸附效率最高(80 mg/L为73.12%,10 mg/L为92.2%),优于JF-A(60.07%)、RH-A(36.73%)和CH-A(16.54%)。通过FTIR、FE-SEM和BET分析表明,吸附剂的表面功能和孔隙度是影响吸附性能的关键因素。再生研究表明,酸(HCl)处理使MG-A的吸附能力恢复了91.49%,具有较强的重复利用潜力。本研究的新颖之处在于将土壤迁移实验与生物废物来源的吸附剂开发相结合,提供了对重金属迁移和修复的全面了解。这些发现展示了一种可持续的、可适应社区的方法来减轻地下水中的Cd2+污染,为减少脆弱地区的CKDu风险提供了实用和可扩展的解决方案。
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Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part A-toxic\/hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering
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