Pub Date : 2024-10-02DOI: 10.1038/s41370-024-00721-7
Mengsheng Zhao, Liangmin Wei, Longyao Zhang, Jingqing Hang, Fengying Zhang, Li Su, Hantao Wang, Ruyang Zhang, Feng Chen, David C. Christiani, Yongyue Wei
Occupational exposures contribute significantly to obstructive lung disease among textile workers. However, biomarkers associated with such declines are not available. We conducted a large-scale proteomic study to explore protein biomarkers potentially associated with long-term lung function decline. Shanghai Textile Workers Cohort was established in 1981 with 35 years of follow-up, assessing textile workers’ lung functions every five years. Quantitative serum proteomics was performed on all 453 workers at 2016 survey. We employed four distinct models to examine the association between forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and proteins, and consolidated the findings using an aggregated Cauchy association test. Furthermore, proteomic data of UK Biobank (UKB) was used to explore the associations of potential protein markers and decline of FEV1, and the interactions of these proteins were examined through STRING database. Associations were also externally validated using two-sample Mendelian randomizations (MR). 15 of 907 analyzed proteins displayed potential associations with long-term FEV1 decline, including two hemoglobin subunits: hemoglobin subunit beta (HBB, FDR-qACAT = 0.040), alpha globin chain (HBA2, FDR-qACAT = 0.045), and four immunoglobulin subunits: immunoglobulin kappa variable 3–7 (IGKV3-7, FDR-qACAT = 0.003), immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region (IgH, FDR-qACAT = 0.011). Five proteins were significantly associated with the rate of decline of FEV1 in UKB, in which RAB6A, LRRN1, and BSG were also found to be associated with proteins identified in Shanghai Textile Workers Cohort using STRING database. MR indicated bidirectional associations between HBB and FEV1 (P < 0.05), while different immunoglobulin subunits exhibited varying associations with FEV1. We performed a large-scale proteomic study of the longest-follow-up pulmonary function cohort of textile workers to date. We discovered multiple novel proteins associated with long-term decline of FEV1 that have potential for identifying new biomarkers associated with long-term lung function decline among occupational populations, and may identify individuals at risk, as well as potential pharmaceutical targets for early intervention.
{"title":"Proteomic biomarkers of long-term lung function decline in textile workers: a 35-year longitudinal study","authors":"Mengsheng Zhao, Liangmin Wei, Longyao Zhang, Jingqing Hang, Fengying Zhang, Li Su, Hantao Wang, Ruyang Zhang, Feng Chen, David C. Christiani, Yongyue Wei","doi":"10.1038/s41370-024-00721-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41370-024-00721-7","url":null,"abstract":"Occupational exposures contribute significantly to obstructive lung disease among textile workers. However, biomarkers associated with such declines are not available. We conducted a large-scale proteomic study to explore protein biomarkers potentially associated with long-term lung function decline. Shanghai Textile Workers Cohort was established in 1981 with 35 years of follow-up, assessing textile workers’ lung functions every five years. Quantitative serum proteomics was performed on all 453 workers at 2016 survey. We employed four distinct models to examine the association between forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and proteins, and consolidated the findings using an aggregated Cauchy association test. Furthermore, proteomic data of UK Biobank (UKB) was used to explore the associations of potential protein markers and decline of FEV1, and the interactions of these proteins were examined through STRING database. Associations were also externally validated using two-sample Mendelian randomizations (MR). 15 of 907 analyzed proteins displayed potential associations with long-term FEV1 decline, including two hemoglobin subunits: hemoglobin subunit beta (HBB, FDR-qACAT = 0.040), alpha globin chain (HBA2, FDR-qACAT = 0.045), and four immunoglobulin subunits: immunoglobulin kappa variable 3–7 (IGKV3-7, FDR-qACAT = 0.003), immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region (IgH, FDR-qACAT = 0.011). Five proteins were significantly associated with the rate of decline of FEV1 in UKB, in which RAB6A, LRRN1, and BSG were also found to be associated with proteins identified in Shanghai Textile Workers Cohort using STRING database. MR indicated bidirectional associations between HBB and FEV1 (P < 0.05), while different immunoglobulin subunits exhibited varying associations with FEV1. We performed a large-scale proteomic study of the longest-follow-up pulmonary function cohort of textile workers to date. We discovered multiple novel proteins associated with long-term decline of FEV1 that have potential for identifying new biomarkers associated with long-term lung function decline among occupational populations, and may identify individuals at risk, as well as potential pharmaceutical targets for early intervention.","PeriodicalId":15684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"35 4","pages":"602-610"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12234346/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142365340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-18DOI: 10.1038/s41370-024-00702-w
Jillian Ashley-Martin, Leonora Marro, James Owen, Michael M. Borghese, Tye Arbuckle, Maryse F. Bouchard, Bruce Lanphear, Mark Walker, Warren Foster, Mandy Fisher
Few high-quality studies have evaluated associations between urinary glyphosate or its environmental degradate (aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA)] and preterm birth (PTB). To quantify associations between urinary glyphosate and AMPA and preterm birth in the pan-Canadian Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals (MIREC) study and determine if associations differ by fetal sex. We measured first trimester urinary glyphosate and AMPA concentrations in MIREC participants who were recruited between 2008–2011 from 10 Canadian cities. Of the 1880 participants whose first trimester urine samples were analyzed for glyphosate or AMPA, 1765 delivered a singleton, live birth. Our primary outcome was preterm birth (PTB) defined as births occurring between 20 and <37 weeks. Secondary outcomes were spontaneous preterm births (sPTB) and gestational age. We modelled the hazard of PTB and sPTB using discrete time survival analysis with multivariable logistic regression to calculate odds ratios (OR). We used multivariable linear regression models to quantify associations between analytes and gestational age. To assess effect modification by fetal sex, we stratified all models and calculated interaction terms. In the logistic regressions models we additionally calculated the relative excess risk due to interaction. Six percent (n = 106) of the study population delivered preterm, and 4.7% (n = 83) had a spontaneous preterm birth. Median specific-gravity standardized concentrations of glyphosate and AMPA were 0.25 and 0.21 µg/L. Associations between both glyphosate or AMPA and PTB, sPTB, and gestational age centered around the null value. The adjusted ORs of PTB for each doubling of glyphosate and AMPA concentrations were 0.98 (95% CI: 0.94, 1.03) and 0.99 (95% CI: 0.92, 1.06) respectively. We observed no evidence of differences by fetal sex. In this Canadian pregnancy cohort, neither glyphosate nor AMPA urinary concentrations was associated with PTB or reduced gestational length.
{"title":"Gestational urinary concentrations of glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid in relation to preterm birth: the MIREC study","authors":"Jillian Ashley-Martin, Leonora Marro, James Owen, Michael M. Borghese, Tye Arbuckle, Maryse F. Bouchard, Bruce Lanphear, Mark Walker, Warren Foster, Mandy Fisher","doi":"10.1038/s41370-024-00702-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41370-024-00702-w","url":null,"abstract":"Few high-quality studies have evaluated associations between urinary glyphosate or its environmental degradate (aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA)] and preterm birth (PTB). To quantify associations between urinary glyphosate and AMPA and preterm birth in the pan-Canadian Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals (MIREC) study and determine if associations differ by fetal sex. We measured first trimester urinary glyphosate and AMPA concentrations in MIREC participants who were recruited between 2008–2011 from 10 Canadian cities. Of the 1880 participants whose first trimester urine samples were analyzed for glyphosate or AMPA, 1765 delivered a singleton, live birth. Our primary outcome was preterm birth (PTB) defined as births occurring between 20 and <37 weeks. Secondary outcomes were spontaneous preterm births (sPTB) and gestational age. We modelled the hazard of PTB and sPTB using discrete time survival analysis with multivariable logistic regression to calculate odds ratios (OR). We used multivariable linear regression models to quantify associations between analytes and gestational age. To assess effect modification by fetal sex, we stratified all models and calculated interaction terms. In the logistic regressions models we additionally calculated the relative excess risk due to interaction. Six percent (n = 106) of the study population delivered preterm, and 4.7% (n = 83) had a spontaneous preterm birth. Median specific-gravity standardized concentrations of glyphosate and AMPA were 0.25 and 0.21 µg/L. Associations between both glyphosate or AMPA and PTB, sPTB, and gestational age centered around the null value. The adjusted ORs of PTB for each doubling of glyphosate and AMPA concentrations were 0.98 (95% CI: 0.94, 1.03) and 0.99 (95% CI: 0.92, 1.06) respectively. We observed no evidence of differences by fetal sex. In this Canadian pregnancy cohort, neither glyphosate nor AMPA urinary concentrations was associated with PTB or reduced gestational length.","PeriodicalId":15684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"35 5","pages":"876-881"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41370-024-00702-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142267917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-17DOI: 10.1038/s41370-024-00713-7
Leanne S. Fawkes, Weihsueh A. Chiu, Taehyun Roh, Thomas J. McDonald, Garett T. Sansom
Human health risk assessment increasingly recognizes the need to integrate participatory-based research, geospatial analysis, and environmental epidemiology, particularly to address contamination concerns in underserved and disadvantaged communities. Here, we demonstrate the combined application of such methods within the Greater Fifth Ward neighborhood in Northeast Houston. In particular, in tandem with community members, we collected soil samples from 193 residential sites using a complete canvassing method from July to November 2021 to characterize contaminant concentrations, focusing on heavy metals and metalloids As, Ba, Cd, Cr, Pb, Se, Ag, and Hg measured using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry. Individual heavy metals as well as cumulative cancer and non-cancer risks were calculated for children and adults using the USEPA Regional Soil Screening Levels and benchmarks for specific land uses, such as crop growing. Soils from most sites had low or typical background levels expected in urban areas, but samples from several locations had significantly elevated lead levels (>1200 mg/kg) that warrant additional examination. Geospatial analysis suggested clustering of heavy metal contaminants within one geographic area of the neighborhood. This study highlights how participatory research in underserved environmental justice communities can help characterize current conditions as well as establish priorities for future investigation.
{"title":"Human health risk assessment of heavy metals in residential soil—Houston, Texas","authors":"Leanne S. Fawkes, Weihsueh A. Chiu, Taehyun Roh, Thomas J. McDonald, Garett T. Sansom","doi":"10.1038/s41370-024-00713-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41370-024-00713-7","url":null,"abstract":"Human health risk assessment increasingly recognizes the need to integrate participatory-based research, geospatial analysis, and environmental epidemiology, particularly to address contamination concerns in underserved and disadvantaged communities. Here, we demonstrate the combined application of such methods within the Greater Fifth Ward neighborhood in Northeast Houston. In particular, in tandem with community members, we collected soil samples from 193 residential sites using a complete canvassing method from July to November 2021 to characterize contaminant concentrations, focusing on heavy metals and metalloids As, Ba, Cd, Cr, Pb, Se, Ag, and Hg measured using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry. Individual heavy metals as well as cumulative cancer and non-cancer risks were calculated for children and adults using the USEPA Regional Soil Screening Levels and benchmarks for specific land uses, such as crop growing. Soils from most sites had low or typical background levels expected in urban areas, but samples from several locations had significantly elevated lead levels (>1200 mg/kg) that warrant additional examination. Geospatial analysis suggested clustering of heavy metal contaminants within one geographic area of the neighborhood. This study highlights how participatory research in underserved environmental justice communities can help characterize current conditions as well as establish priorities for future investigation.","PeriodicalId":15684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"35 5","pages":"725-729"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142267919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-17DOI: 10.1038/s41370-024-00718-2
Birgit Geueke, Lindsey V. Parkinson, Ksenia J. Groh, Christopher D. Kassotis, Maricel V. Maffini, Olwenn V. Martin, Lisa Zimmermann, Martin Scheringer, Jane Muncke
Over 1800 food contact chemicals (FCCs) are known to migrate from food contact articles used to store, process, package, and serve foodstuffs. Many of these FCCs have hazard properties of concern, and still others have never been tested for toxicity. Humans are known to be exposed to FCCs via foods, but the full extent of human exposure to all FCCs is unknown. To close this important knowledge gap, we conducted a systematic overview of FCCs that have been monitored and detected in human biomonitoring studies according to a previously published protocol. We first compared the more than 14,000 known FCCs to five biomonitoring programs and three metabolome/exposome databases. In a second step, we prioritized FCCs that have been frequently detected in food contact materials and systematically mapped the available evidence for their presence in humans. For 25% of the known FCCs (3601), we found evidence for their presence in humans. This includes 194 FCCs from human biomonitoring programs, with 80 of these having hazard properties of high concern. Of the 3528 FCCs included in metabolome/exposome databases, most are from the Blood Exposome Database. We found evidence for the presence in humans for 63 of the 175 prioritized FCCs included in the systematic evidence map, and 59 of the prioritized FCCs lack hazard data. Notwithstanding that there are also other sources of exposure for many FCCs, these data will help to prioritize FCCs of concern by linking information on migration and biomonitoring. Our results on FCCs monitored in humans are available as an interactive dashboard (FCChumon) to enable policymakers, public health researchers, and food industry decision-makers to make food contact materials and articles safer, reduce human exposure to hazardous FCCs and improve public health. We present systematically compiled evidence on human exposure to 3601 food contact chemicals (FCCs) and highlight FCCs that are of concern because of their known hazard properties. Further, we identify relevant data gaps for FCCs found in food contact materials and foods. This article improves the understanding of food contact materials’ contribution to chemical exposure for the human population and highlights opportunities for improving public health.
{"title":"Evidence for widespread human exposure to food contact chemicals","authors":"Birgit Geueke, Lindsey V. Parkinson, Ksenia J. Groh, Christopher D. Kassotis, Maricel V. Maffini, Olwenn V. Martin, Lisa Zimmermann, Martin Scheringer, Jane Muncke","doi":"10.1038/s41370-024-00718-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41370-024-00718-2","url":null,"abstract":"Over 1800 food contact chemicals (FCCs) are known to migrate from food contact articles used to store, process, package, and serve foodstuffs. Many of these FCCs have hazard properties of concern, and still others have never been tested for toxicity. Humans are known to be exposed to FCCs via foods, but the full extent of human exposure to all FCCs is unknown. To close this important knowledge gap, we conducted a systematic overview of FCCs that have been monitored and detected in human biomonitoring studies according to a previously published protocol. We first compared the more than 14,000 known FCCs to five biomonitoring programs and three metabolome/exposome databases. In a second step, we prioritized FCCs that have been frequently detected in food contact materials and systematically mapped the available evidence for their presence in humans. For 25% of the known FCCs (3601), we found evidence for their presence in humans. This includes 194 FCCs from human biomonitoring programs, with 80 of these having hazard properties of high concern. Of the 3528 FCCs included in metabolome/exposome databases, most are from the Blood Exposome Database. We found evidence for the presence in humans for 63 of the 175 prioritized FCCs included in the systematic evidence map, and 59 of the prioritized FCCs lack hazard data. Notwithstanding that there are also other sources of exposure for many FCCs, these data will help to prioritize FCCs of concern by linking information on migration and biomonitoring. Our results on FCCs monitored in humans are available as an interactive dashboard (FCChumon) to enable policymakers, public health researchers, and food industry decision-makers to make food contact materials and articles safer, reduce human exposure to hazardous FCCs and improve public health. We present systematically compiled evidence on human exposure to 3601 food contact chemicals (FCCs) and highlight FCCs that are of concern because of their known hazard properties. Further, we identify relevant data gaps for FCCs found in food contact materials and foods. This article improves the understanding of food contact materials’ contribution to chemical exposure for the human population and highlights opportunities for improving public health.","PeriodicalId":15684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"35 3","pages":"330-341"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41370-024-00718-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142267920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-11DOI: 10.1038/s41370-024-00715-5
Michael D. Garber, Anaïs Teyton, Marta M. Jankowska, Gabriel Carrasco-Escobar, David Rojas-Rueda, Antony Barja-Ingaruca, Tarik Benmarhnia
Heat can vary spatially within an urban area. Individual-level heat exposure may thus depend on an individual’s day-to-day travel patterns (also called mobility patterns or activity space), yet heat exposure is commonly measured based on place of residence. In this study, we compared measures assessing exposure to two heat indicators using place of residence with those defined considering participants’ day-to-day mobility patterns. Participants (n = 599; aged 35-80 years old [mean =59 years]) from San Diego County, California wore a GPS device to measure their day-to-day travel over 14-day intervals between 2014-10-17 and 2017-10-06. We measured exposure to two heat indicators (land-surface temperature [LST] and air temperature) using an approach considering their mobility patterns and an approach considering only their place of residence. We compared participant mean and maximum exposure values from each method for each indicator. The overall mobility-based mean LST exposure (34.7 °C) was almost equivalent to the corresponding residence-based mean (34.8 °C; mean difference in means = −0.09 °C). Similarly, the mean difference between the overall mobility-based mean air temperature exposure (19.2 °C) and the corresponding residence-based mean (19.2 °C) was negligible (−0.02 °C). Meaningful differences emerged, however, when comparing maximums, particularly for LST. The mean mobility-based maximum LST was 40.3 °C compared with a mean residence-based maximum of 35.8 °C, a difference of 4.51 °C. The difference in maximums was considerably smaller for air temperature (mean = 0.40 °C; SD = 1.41 °C) but nevertheless greater than the corresponding difference in means. As the climate warms, assessment of heat exposure both at and away from home is important for understanding its health impacts. We compared two approaches to estimate exposure to two heat measures (land surface temperature and air temperature). The first approach only considered exposure at home, and the second considered day-to-day travel. Considering the average exposure estimated by each approach, the results were almost identical. Considering the maximum exposure experienced (specific definition in text), the differences between the two approaches were more considerable, especially for land surface temperature.
{"title":"Is home where the heat is? comparing residence-based with mobility-based measures of heat exposure in San Diego, California","authors":"Michael D. Garber, Anaïs Teyton, Marta M. Jankowska, Gabriel Carrasco-Escobar, David Rojas-Rueda, Antony Barja-Ingaruca, Tarik Benmarhnia","doi":"10.1038/s41370-024-00715-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41370-024-00715-5","url":null,"abstract":"Heat can vary spatially within an urban area. Individual-level heat exposure may thus depend on an individual’s day-to-day travel patterns (also called mobility patterns or activity space), yet heat exposure is commonly measured based on place of residence. In this study, we compared measures assessing exposure to two heat indicators using place of residence with those defined considering participants’ day-to-day mobility patterns. Participants (n = 599; aged 35-80 years old [mean =59 years]) from San Diego County, California wore a GPS device to measure their day-to-day travel over 14-day intervals between 2014-10-17 and 2017-10-06. We measured exposure to two heat indicators (land-surface temperature [LST] and air temperature) using an approach considering their mobility patterns and an approach considering only their place of residence. We compared participant mean and maximum exposure values from each method for each indicator. The overall mobility-based mean LST exposure (34.7 °C) was almost equivalent to the corresponding residence-based mean (34.8 °C; mean difference in means = −0.09 °C). Similarly, the mean difference between the overall mobility-based mean air temperature exposure (19.2 °C) and the corresponding residence-based mean (19.2 °C) was negligible (−0.02 °C). Meaningful differences emerged, however, when comparing maximums, particularly for LST. The mean mobility-based maximum LST was 40.3 °C compared with a mean residence-based maximum of 35.8 °C, a difference of 4.51 °C. The difference in maximums was considerably smaller for air temperature (mean = 0.40 °C; SD = 1.41 °C) but nevertheless greater than the corresponding difference in means. As the climate warms, assessment of heat exposure both at and away from home is important for understanding its health impacts. We compared two approaches to estimate exposure to two heat measures (land surface temperature and air temperature). The first approach only considered exposure at home, and the second considered day-to-day travel. Considering the average exposure estimated by each approach, the results were almost identical. Considering the maximum exposure experienced (specific definition in text), the differences between the two approaches were more considerable, especially for land surface temperature.","PeriodicalId":15684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"35 5","pages":"802-812"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41370-024-00715-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142193357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-10DOI: 10.1038/s41370-024-00717-3
Shudi Pan, Zhenjiang Li, Bruna Rubbo, Victoria Quon-Chow, Jiawen Carmen Chen, Brittney O. Baumert, Erika Garcia, Max T. Aung, David V. Conti, Lida Chatzi
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are environmental chemicals characterized by long half-lives in nature and human bodies, posing significant health risks. The concept of the exposome, encompassing all lifetime environmental exposures, underscores the importance of studying POP as mixtures rather than in isolation. The increasing body of evidence on the health impacts of POP mixtures necessitates the proper application of statistical methods. We aimed to summarize studies on the overall effects of POP mixtures, identify patterns in applications of mixture methods—statistical methods for investigating the association of mixtures—and highlight current challenges in synthesizing epidemiologic evidence of POP mixtures on health effects as illustrated through a case study. We conducted a systematic literature search on PubMed and Embase for epidemiological studies published between January 2011 and April 2023. We included 240 studies that met our eligibility criteria. 126 studies focused on per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) mixtures only, while 40 analyzed three or more classes of POPs in mixture analyses. We identified 23 unique mixture methods used to estimate the overall effects of POP mixtures, with Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression (BKMR), a type of response-surface modeling, being the most common. Additionally, 22.9% of studies used a combination of methods, including response-surface modeling, index modeling, dimension reduction, and latent variable models. The most extensively explored health outcome category was body weight and birth sizes (n = 43), and neurological outcomes (n = 41). In the case study of PFAS mixtures and birth weight, 12 studies showed negative associations, while 4 showed null results, and 2 showed positive associations.
{"title":"Applications of mixture methods in epidemiological studies investigating the health impact of persistent organic pollutants exposures: a scoping review","authors":"Shudi Pan, Zhenjiang Li, Bruna Rubbo, Victoria Quon-Chow, Jiawen Carmen Chen, Brittney O. Baumert, Erika Garcia, Max T. Aung, David V. Conti, Lida Chatzi","doi":"10.1038/s41370-024-00717-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41370-024-00717-3","url":null,"abstract":"Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are environmental chemicals characterized by long half-lives in nature and human bodies, posing significant health risks. The concept of the exposome, encompassing all lifetime environmental exposures, underscores the importance of studying POP as mixtures rather than in isolation. The increasing body of evidence on the health impacts of POP mixtures necessitates the proper application of statistical methods. We aimed to summarize studies on the overall effects of POP mixtures, identify patterns in applications of mixture methods—statistical methods for investigating the association of mixtures—and highlight current challenges in synthesizing epidemiologic evidence of POP mixtures on health effects as illustrated through a case study. We conducted a systematic literature search on PubMed and Embase for epidemiological studies published between January 2011 and April 2023. We included 240 studies that met our eligibility criteria. 126 studies focused on per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) mixtures only, while 40 analyzed three or more classes of POPs in mixture analyses. We identified 23 unique mixture methods used to estimate the overall effects of POP mixtures, with Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression (BKMR), a type of response-surface modeling, being the most common. Additionally, 22.9% of studies used a combination of methods, including response-surface modeling, index modeling, dimension reduction, and latent variable models. The most extensively explored health outcome category was body weight and birth sizes (n = 43), and neurological outcomes (n = 41). In the case study of PFAS mixtures and birth weight, 12 studies showed negative associations, while 4 showed null results, and 2 showed positive associations.","PeriodicalId":15684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"35 4","pages":"522-534"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41370-024-00717-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142193371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-10DOI: 10.1038/s41370-024-00708-4
Deborah H. Bennett, Jane Sellen, Rebecca Moran, Christopher P. Alaimo, Thomas M. Young
California is a leading agricultural state and with that, has significant applications of pesticides. Levels of exposure have been measured to be higher among residents in agricultural areas, but measures of personal inhalation exposure to a wide range of pesticides are lacking. Community members in the San Joaquin Valley have expressed concern over pesticide exposures. Working with community members, a wide range of pesticides in personal air samples were measured. Adult and school-aged participants were recruited from small agricultural towns in the San Joaquin Valley. Participants wore a backpack sampler for 8–14 h on 1–3 days. Samples were collected on two tubes, one with Tenax-TA resin and the other with XAD-2 resin. In total, 21 pesticides were analyzed using both LC/MS and GC/MS methods. Thirty-one adult participants and 11 school aged participants were recruited, and sampling occurred on a total of 92 days. Seven adults, 22% of adult participants, and one school child had detectable levels of at least one pesticide. Pesticides detected above the limit of detection were 1,3-dichloropropene, chlorpyrifos, pyrimethanil, burprofezin and penthiopyrad. When these samples were collected, chlorpyrifos was not permitted to be used in California.
{"title":"Personal air sampling for pesticides in the California San Joaquin Valley","authors":"Deborah H. Bennett, Jane Sellen, Rebecca Moran, Christopher P. Alaimo, Thomas M. Young","doi":"10.1038/s41370-024-00708-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41370-024-00708-4","url":null,"abstract":"California is a leading agricultural state and with that, has significant applications of pesticides. Levels of exposure have been measured to be higher among residents in agricultural areas, but measures of personal inhalation exposure to a wide range of pesticides are lacking. Community members in the San Joaquin Valley have expressed concern over pesticide exposures. Working with community members, a wide range of pesticides in personal air samples were measured. Adult and school-aged participants were recruited from small agricultural towns in the San Joaquin Valley. Participants wore a backpack sampler for 8–14 h on 1–3 days. Samples were collected on two tubes, one with Tenax-TA resin and the other with XAD-2 resin. In total, 21 pesticides were analyzed using both LC/MS and GC/MS methods. Thirty-one adult participants and 11 school aged participants were recruited, and sampling occurred on a total of 92 days. Seven adults, 22% of adult participants, and one school child had detectable levels of at least one pesticide. Pesticides detected above the limit of detection were 1,3-dichloropropene, chlorpyrifos, pyrimethanil, burprofezin and penthiopyrad. When these samples were collected, chlorpyrifos was not permitted to be used in California.","PeriodicalId":15684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"35 3","pages":"486-492"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41370-024-00708-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142193372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-09DOI: 10.1038/s41370-024-00719-1
Christina L. Norris, Dale P. Sandler, Gregory C. Pratt, Mark R. Stenzel, Patricia A. Stewart, W. Braxton Jackson II, Fredric E. Gerr, Caroline Groth, Sudipto Banerjee, Kaitlyn G. Lawrence, Richard K. Kwok, Emily J. Werder, Lawrence S. Engel
{"title":"Correction: Association between spill-related exposure to fine particulate matter and peripheral motor and sensory nerve function among oil spill response and cleanup workers following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill","authors":"Christina L. Norris, Dale P. Sandler, Gregory C. Pratt, Mark R. Stenzel, Patricia A. Stewart, W. Braxton Jackson II, Fredric E. Gerr, Caroline Groth, Sudipto Banerjee, Kaitlyn G. Lawrence, Richard K. Kwok, Emily J. Werder, Lawrence S. Engel","doi":"10.1038/s41370-024-00719-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41370-024-00719-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"35 4","pages":"691-691"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41370-024-00719-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142288949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-06DOI: 10.1038/s41370-024-00712-8
Lara P. Clark, Daniel Zilber, Charles Schmitt, David C. Fargo, David M. Reif, Alison A. Motsinger-Reif, Kyle P. Messier
Geospatial methods are common in environmental exposure assessments and increasingly integrated with health data to generate comprehensive models of environmental impacts on public health. Our objective is to review geospatial exposure models and approaches for health data integration in environmental health applications. We conduct a literature review and synthesis. First, we discuss key concepts and terminology for geospatial exposure data and models. Second, we provide an overview of workflows in geospatial exposure model development and health data integration. Third, we review modeling approaches, including proximity-based, statistical, and mechanistic approaches, across diverse exposure types, such as air quality, water quality, climate, and socioeconomic factors. For each model type, we provide descriptions, general equations, and example applications for environmental exposure assessment. Fourth, we discuss the approaches used to integrate geospatial exposure data and health data, such as methods to link data sources with disparate spatial and temporal scales. Fifth, we describe the landscape of open-source tools supporting these workflows.
{"title":"A review of geospatial exposure models and approaches for health data integration","authors":"Lara P. Clark, Daniel Zilber, Charles Schmitt, David C. Fargo, David M. Reif, Alison A. Motsinger-Reif, Kyle P. Messier","doi":"10.1038/s41370-024-00712-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41370-024-00712-8","url":null,"abstract":"Geospatial methods are common in environmental exposure assessments and increasingly integrated with health data to generate comprehensive models of environmental impacts on public health. Our objective is to review geospatial exposure models and approaches for health data integration in environmental health applications. We conduct a literature review and synthesis. First, we discuss key concepts and terminology for geospatial exposure data and models. Second, we provide an overview of workflows in geospatial exposure model development and health data integration. Third, we review modeling approaches, including proximity-based, statistical, and mechanistic approaches, across diverse exposure types, such as air quality, water quality, climate, and socioeconomic factors. For each model type, we provide descriptions, general equations, and example applications for environmental exposure assessment. Fourth, we discuss the approaches used to integrate geospatial exposure data and health data, such as methods to link data sources with disparate spatial and temporal scales. Fifth, we describe the landscape of open-source tools supporting these workflows.","PeriodicalId":15684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"35 2","pages":"131-148"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41370-024-00712-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142193373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ambient O3 has demonstrated an aggravated increasing trend in the context of global warming. The available evidence of maternal exposure to ambient O3 on fetal congenital heart defects (CHD) is still limited, especially in high polluted areas. To examine associations of maternal exposure to ambient O3 during early pregnancy with fetal CHDs. We conducted a national multicenter study in 1313 hospitals from 26 provinces in China and collected a total of 27,817 participants at high risk of CHD from 2013 to 2021. Exposure to ambient O3 during the embryonic period, preconception, the first trimester and periconception was assessed by extracting daily concentrations from a validated grid dataset at each subject’s residential district. CHDs were diagnosed based on fetal echocardiography. Each 10 µg/m3 increase of exposure to ambient O3 during the embryonic period was approximately linearly associated with a 12.7% (odds ratio [OR]: 1.127, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.098, 1.155) increase in odds of pooled CHD (p < 0.001). The associations remain robust after adjusting for ambient PM2.5 and NO2 exposure. The odds of different types of CHD in association with ambient O3 exposure varied greatly. We observed significant association of ambient O3 exposure with ventricular septal defect (VSD), tetralogy of Fallot (TOF); pulmonary stenosis (PS), pulmonary atresia (PA), transposition of great arteries (TGA) and persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC), with TOF demonstrating the strongest estimates (OR: 1.194, 95% CI:1.107, 1.288). The estimates for preconception, the first trimester and periconception demonstrate consistent findings with the main analyses, indicating stronger associations of ambient O3 exposure during the periconception period.
{"title":"Maternal exposure to ambient ozone and fetal congenital heart defects: a national multicenter study in China","authors":"Yaqi Wang, Yanping Ruan, Xiaoyu Wan, Huan Wang, Jianhui Guo, Jing Wei, Sheng Ma, Yihua He, Zhiyong Zou, Jing Li","doi":"10.1038/s41370-024-00716-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41370-024-00716-4","url":null,"abstract":"Ambient O3 has demonstrated an aggravated increasing trend in the context of global warming. The available evidence of maternal exposure to ambient O3 on fetal congenital heart defects (CHD) is still limited, especially in high polluted areas. To examine associations of maternal exposure to ambient O3 during early pregnancy with fetal CHDs. We conducted a national multicenter study in 1313 hospitals from 26 provinces in China and collected a total of 27,817 participants at high risk of CHD from 2013 to 2021. Exposure to ambient O3 during the embryonic period, preconception, the first trimester and periconception was assessed by extracting daily concentrations from a validated grid dataset at each subject’s residential district. CHDs were diagnosed based on fetal echocardiography. Each 10 µg/m3 increase of exposure to ambient O3 during the embryonic period was approximately linearly associated with a 12.7% (odds ratio [OR]: 1.127, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.098, 1.155) increase in odds of pooled CHD (p < 0.001). The associations remain robust after adjusting for ambient PM2.5 and NO2 exposure. The odds of different types of CHD in association with ambient O3 exposure varied greatly. We observed significant association of ambient O3 exposure with ventricular septal defect (VSD), tetralogy of Fallot (TOF); pulmonary stenosis (PS), pulmonary atresia (PA), transposition of great arteries (TGA) and persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC), with TOF demonstrating the strongest estimates (OR: 1.194, 95% CI:1.107, 1.288). The estimates for preconception, the first trimester and periconception demonstrate consistent findings with the main analyses, indicating stronger associations of ambient O3 exposure during the periconception period.","PeriodicalId":15684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"35 3","pages":"511-519"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142107978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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