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Identification of Root Canal Morphology in Fused-rooted Mandibular Second Molars From X-ray Images Based on Deep Learning 基于深度学习的下颌第二磨牙融合根管形态识别。
IF 3.5 2区 医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2024.05.014

Introduction: Understanding the intricate anatomical morphology of fused-rooted mandibular second molars (MSMs) is essential for root canal treatment. The present study utilized a deep learning approach to identify the three-dimensional root canal morphology of MSMs from two-dimensional X-ray images.

Methods

A total of 271 fused-rooted MSMs were included in the study. Micro-computed tomography reconstruction images and two-dimensional X-ray projection images were obtained. The ground truth of three-dimensional root canal morphology was determined through micro-computed tomography images, which were classified into merging, symmetrical, and asymmetrical types. To amplify the X-ray image dataset, traditional augmentation techniques from the python package Augmentor and a multiangle projection method were employed. Identification of root canal morphology was conducted using the pretrained VGG19, ResNet18, ResNet50, and EfficientNet-b5 on X-ray images. The classification results from convolutional neural networks (CNNs) were then compared with those performed by endodontic residents.

Results

The multiangle projection augmentation method outperformed the traditional approach in all CNNs except for EfficientNet-b5. ResNet18 combined with the multiangle projection method outperformed all other combinations, with an overall accuracy of 79.25%. In specific classifications, accuracies of 81.13%, 86.79%, and 90.57% were achieved for merging, symmetrical, and asymmetrical types, respectively. Notably, CNNs surpassed endodontic residents in classification performance; the average accuracy for endodontic residents was only 60.38% (P < .05).

Conclusions

CNNs were more effective than endodontic residents in identifying the three-dimensional root canal morphology of MSMs. The result indicates that CNNs possess the capacity to employ two-dimensional images effectively in aiding three-dimensional diagnoses.

了解融合根管下颌第二磨牙(MSM)错综复杂的解剖形态对于根管治疗至关重要。本研究利用深度学习方法从二维X光图像中识别下颌第二磨牙根管的三维形态:方法:本研究共纳入了 271 颗融合根管MSM。方法:研究共纳入 271 个融合根管MSM,获得了显微计算机断层扫描(micro-CT)重建图像和二维 X 射线投影图像。通过微型计算机断层扫描图像确定三维根管形态的基本事实,并将其分为合并型、对称型和不对称型。为了扩增 X 射线图像数据集,采用了 python 软件包 Augmentor 中的传统扩增技术和多角度投影方法。使用预先训练好的 VGG19、ResNet18、ResNet50 和 EfficientNet-b5 对 X 光图像进行根管形态识别。然后将卷积神经网络(CNN)的分类结果与牙髓病学住院医师的分类结果进行比较:结果:除 EfficientNet-b5 外,多角度投影增强法在所有 CNN 中的表现都优于传统方法。ResNet18 结合多角度投影方法的表现优于所有其他组合,总体准确率为 79.25%。在具体分类中,合并、对称和不对称类型的准确率分别达到了 81.13%、86.79% 和 90.57%。值得注意的是,CNNs 的分类性能超过了牙髓病学住院医师;牙髓病学住院医师的平均准确率仅为 60.38%(P< 0.05):结论:在识别 MSM 的三维根管形态方面,CNN 比牙髓科住院医师更有效。结果表明,CNN 有能力有效地利用二维图像辅助三维诊断。
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引用次数: 0
Influence of the Brushing Motions on the Dynamic Cyclic Fatigue Resistance of the Reciproc Blue Instrument: In vitro Study 刷毛运动对 Reciproc Blue 仪器的动态循环抗疲劳性的影响:体外研究
IF 3.5 2区 医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2024.06.013

Introduction

This study aimed to evaluate the dynamic cyclic fatigue resistance of Reciproc Blue files subjected to brushing motion.

Methods

Twenty Reciproc Blue files (R25, VDW, Munich, Germany) were employed for chemical-mechanical preparation in root canals of 3D printed replicas of mandibular molars. The instruments were divided into two groups (n = 10): Group brushing motion, instrumentation with brushing motions; Group without brushing motion , instrumentation without brushing motions. Subsequently, the same instruments underwent cyclic fatigue testing using artificial canals consisting of a stainless-steel plate and an apical segment with a 45° curvature. Data regarding the time to fracture, number of cycles to fracture, and length of the fractured fragment were collected and subjected to statistical analysis using the t-test or Mann-Whitney test, with a significance level of 5%. Additionally, the fractured fragments were examined under a scanning electron microscope.

Results

No statistical differences were observed between the groups in terms of time to fracture (P < .05), number of cycles to fracture (P < .05) and length of the fractured fragment (P < .05).

Conclusion

The brushing motion did not affect the dynamic cyclic fatigue resistance of Reciproc Blue files.

简介:本研究旨在评估Reciproc® Blue锉在刷牙运动中的动态循环抗疲劳性:采用20支Reciproc® Blue锉(R25,VDW,德国慕尼黑)对3D打印的下颌磨牙复型根管进行化学机械预备。器械分为两组(n=10):BM 组,带刷毛运动的器械;WBM 组,不带刷毛运动的器械。随后,使用由不锈钢板和45°弧度的根尖段组成的人工根管对相同的器械进行了循环疲劳测试。收集了有关断裂时间、断裂循环次数(NCF)和断裂碎片长度的数据,并使用 t 检验或 Mann-Whitney 检验进行统计分析,显著性水平为 5%。此外,还在扫描电子显微镜下对断裂碎片进行了检查:结果:在骨折时间方面,各组之间没有统计学差异(p):刷牙运动不会影响 Reciproc Blue 锉刀的动态循环抗疲劳性。
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引用次数: 0
Web-Based Survey on Regenerative Endodontic Practices among Members of the American Association of Endodontists 对美国牙髓病学家协会成员的再生牙髓治疗实践进行网络调查。
IF 3.5 2区 医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2024.05.016

Introduction

The American Association of Endodontics (AAE) Regenerative Endodontics Committee reports here the web-based survey data of regenerative endodontic procedures performed by the AAE members from 2008 to 2019.

Methods

The web-based survey consisted of 2 questionnaires, a revascularization and a follow-up, including clinical and radiographic data at 3, 6, 12 or >12 months after treatment. Data from demographics, etiology, clinical protocols, radiographic, and clinical outcome as perceived by the clinicians were recorded. From 927 entries, 184 full cases were submitted and 126 were suitable for radiographic analysis. The data were divided into cases with 6–12 months and cases with >12 months recall time. Descriptive statistics and univariate analyses were performed.

Results

Predominantly patients were male (63%), average 10 years-old with anterior teeth (77.2%) due to trauma (69.6%). A wide variation in regenerative endodontic procedures protocols was reported by the AAE members. The most common clinical protocols used minimal instrumentation (75.5%), 2.5% or higher concentrations of sodium hypochlorite (83.7%), and antibiotic paste as intracanal medication (58.7%). The majority reported blood clot formation (56%) and most common coronal capping material was white mineral trioxide aggregates (50.5%). Increases in radiographic root length, and radiographic root area were proportional to the time lapsed after treatment. Overall, case outcomes were categorized by clinicians as successful (54.3%), uncertain (23.9%), and unsuccessful (3.8%).

Conclusions

This web-based survey provides a valuable perspective on case selection, clinical protocols, and perceived outcomes for regenerative endodontic procedures and supports the need for future higher level evidence studies.

简介:AAE再生牙髓病学委员会(REC)在此报告2008年至2019年期间AAE成员实施的再生牙髓病学手术(REP)的网络调查数据:网络调查包括两份问卷、一次血管重建和一次随访,包括治疗后3、6、12或>12个月的临床和放射学数据。调查记录了临床医生认为的人口统计学、病因学、临床方案、放射学和临床结果等数据。从 927 个条目中,提交了 184 个完整病例,其中 126 个适合进行放射学分析。数据分为 6-12 个月的病例和 12 个月以上的病例。对数据进行了描述性统计和单变量分析:患者主要为男性(63%),平均年龄为 10 岁,前牙(77.2%)为外伤所致(69.6%)。AAE成员报告的REP方案差异很大。最常见的临床方案是使用最少的器械(75.5%)、2.5% 或更高浓度的次氯酸钠(83.7%)和抗生素糊剂作为根管内药物(58.7%)。大多数患者报告有血凝块形成(56%),最常见的冠状盖材料是白色 MTA(50.5%)。放射根长度和放射根面积的增加与治疗后的时间成正比。总体而言,临床医生将病例结果分为成功(54.3%)、不确定(23.9%)和不成功(3.8%):这项基于网络的调查为 REP 的病例选择、临床方案和预期结果提供了宝贵的视角,并支持了未来进行更高级别的证据研究的必要性。
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引用次数: 0
Endodontic Treatment of Chronic Apical Periodontitis Ameliorates Systemic Inflammation and Restores Impaired Cellular Responses to Insulin in an In Vitro Model 在体外模型中,慢性根尖牙周炎的牙髓治疗可改善全身炎症并恢复受损的细胞对胰岛素的反应。
IF 3.5 2区 医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2024.05.013

Introduction

A growing body of research supports an association between periapical inflammation and an increased risk of developing systemic diseases. There is currently no scientific evidence to support a causal effect of inflammation on the onset of insulin resistance (IR) in patients with apical periodontitis (AP). The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate any association between AP and levels of serum inflammatory factors potentially associated with the onset of IR, and to investigate the effect of root canal treatment (RCT) on these systemic inflammation markers and on the response in vitro to insulin.

Methods

A total of 27 control subjects and 27 patients with AP were enrolled. Patients with AP underwent RCT and were followed-up 6 and 12 months post-treatment. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to evaluate serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. The response in vitro to insulin was assessed by measuring glucose consumption in a human pancreatic epithelioid carcinoma cell line treated with sera from healthy and AP subjects.

Results

At baseline AP was associated with significant higher levels of IL-1, IL-6, and IL-8 in the serum of untreated (AP) patients vs controls (P < .001). Glucose consumption decreased in pancreatic cells incubated with baseline serum from patients with AP, in a manner proportional to total cytokines amount. Notably, endodontic treatment was associated with reduced levels of cytokines (P < .001) and improved response to insulin in AP group (P < .001).

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that AP may promote inflammatory-driven IR in an in vitro model, and that RCT may ameliorate inflammatory mediators in vivo and the cellular response to insulin in vitro.

导言:越来越多的研究支持根尖周炎与罹患全身性疾病的风险增加之间存在关联。目前还没有科学证据支持炎症对根尖周炎(AP)患者胰岛素抵抗(IR)的发生有因果关系。这项体外研究的目的是评估牙根尖周炎与可能与胰岛素抵抗发病有关的血清炎症因子水平之间是否存在关联,并调查根管治疗(RCT)对这些系统炎症标志物的影响,以及恢复对胰岛素体外反应的影响:方法:共招募了 27 名对照组受试者和 27 名 AP 患者。方法:共招募了 27 名对照组受试者和 27 名 AP 患者,AP 患者接受了根管治疗,并在治疗后 6 个月和 12 个月接受随访。使用 ELISAs 评估血浆中白细胞介素(IL)-1、IL-6、IL-8 和肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α 的水平。用人胰腺上皮样癌细胞系(PANC-1)来评估胰岛素在体外的反应,方法是测量用健康人和AP受试者血清处理的人胰腺上皮样癌细胞系(PANC-1)的葡萄糖消耗量:结果:基线时,未经治疗(AP)的 AP 患者血清中 IL-1、IL-6 和 IL-8 水平明显高于对照组(p结论:我们的研究结果表明,AP 可能会促进炎症反应:我们的研究结果表明,在体外模型中,AP 可促进炎症驱动的 IR,而 RCT 可改善体内炎症介质和体外细胞对胰岛素的反应。
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引用次数: 0
Influence of Diclofenac Potassium versus Prednisolone on Postendodontic Pain and Pulpal Interleukin-8 Expression in Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis Cases: A Randomized Placebo-controlled Trial 双氯芬酸钾与泼尼松龙对症状性不可逆牙髓炎病例牙髓炎后疼痛和牙髓白细胞介素-8表达的影响:一项随机安慰剂对照试验。
IF 3.5 2区 医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2024.05.019

Aim

This prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical trial investigated the impact of diclofenac potassium, prednisolone, and placebo as oral premedication on postendodontic pain and pulpal interleukin (IL)-8 expression in patients with irreversible pulpitis.

Methods

Thirty-six patients undergoing conventional endodontic treatment were assigned into one of 3 groups (n = 12). Pulpal blood samples were taken after access cavity preparation and stored until they were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent asssay for quantification of IL-8. Postendodontic pain was scored using the visual analogue scale. Outcome data were statistically analyzed using one-way analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis, Friedman's, Dunn's, Chi-square, and Fisher's exact tests and Spearman's correlation coefficient. The significance level (α) was set at 0.05.

Results

Apart from preoperative pain scores, all groups had similar baseline characteristics (P > .05). Immediate postendodontic pain scores had a significant difference between all groups (P < .05) where placebo group showed the highest score. There was no significant difference between all groups at 6 and 12 hours postoperatively (P > .05). Furthermore, there was no significant difference in the incidence of postendodontic pain and in mean IL-8 levels between the 3 groups (P > .05).

Conclusions

The only impact the premedications had was on the immediate postendodontic pain intensity, and they had no influence on the later time points, incidence of postendodontic pain or pulpal IL-8 levels.

目的:这项前瞻性、随机、双盲临床试验研究了双氯芬酸钾、泼尼松龙和安慰剂作为口服前药对不可逆性牙髓炎患者牙髓治疗后疼痛和牙髓白细胞介素(IL)-8表达的影响:36名接受传统牙髓治疗的患者被分为三组(12人)。在牙髓腔准备后采集牙髓血样并保存,直到使用 ELISA 分析 IL-8 的定量。根管治疗后的疼痛采用视觉模拟量表进行评分。结果数据采用单因素方差分析、Kruskal-Wallis、Friedman's、Dunn's、Chi-square 和 Fisher's 精确检验以及 Spearman 相关系数进行统计分析。显著性水平(α)定为 0.05:除术前疼痛评分外,各组的基线特征相似(P > .05)。牙髓术后即刻疼痛评分在各组之间存在显著差异(P < .05),其中安慰剂组的评分最高。各组在术后 6 小时和 12 小时的疼痛评分无明显差异(P > .05)。此外,牙髓术后疼痛的发生率和 IL-8 的平均水平在三组之间没有明显差异(P > .05):结论:术前用药对根管治疗后即刻疼痛强度的影响是唯一的,对后期时间点、根管治疗后疼痛发生率或牙髓IL-8水平没有影响。
{"title":"Influence of Diclofenac Potassium versus Prednisolone on Postendodontic Pain and Pulpal Interleukin-8 Expression in Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis Cases: A Randomized Placebo-controlled Trial","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.05.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.05.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><p><span>This prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical trial<span> investigated the impact of diclofenac potassium<span>, prednisolone<span>, and placebo as oral premedication on postendodontic pain and pulpal interleukin (IL)-8 expression in patients with irreversible </span></span></span></span>pulpitis.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><span>Thirty-six patients undergoing conventional endodontic treatment were assigned into one of 3 groups (</span><em>n</em><span><span> = 12). Pulpal blood samples were taken after access cavity preparation and stored until they were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent asssay for quantification of IL-8. Postendodontic pain was scored using the visual analogue scale. Outcome data were statistically analyzed using one-way analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis, Friedman's, Dunn's, Chi-square, and </span>Fisher's exact tests and Spearman's correlation coefficient. The significance level (α) was set at 0.05.</span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Apart from preoperative pain scores, all groups had similar baseline characteristics (<em>P</em> &gt; .05). Immediate postendodontic pain scores had a significant difference between all groups (<em>P</em> &lt; .05) where placebo group showed the highest score. There was no significant difference between all groups at 6 and 12 hours postoperatively (<em>P</em> &gt; .05). Furthermore, there was no significant difference in the incidence of postendodontic pain and in mean IL-8 levels between the 3 groups (<em>P</em> &gt; .05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The only impact the premedications had was on the immediate postendodontic pain intensity, and they had no influence on the later time points, incidence of postendodontic pain or pulpal IL-8 levels.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141457351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sodium Hypochlorite Concentration and Postendodontic Pain - Unveiling the Optimal Balance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis 次氯酸钠浓度与根管治疗后疼痛--揭示最佳平衡:系统回顾与元分析》。
IF 3.5 2区 医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2024.06.005

Introduction

This study systematically reviewed literature regarding the effect of different concentrations of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) used during root canal treatment (RCT) on postendodontic pain (PEP) and rescue analgesia.

Methods

Following registration with PROSPERO (CRD42023388916), a search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase databases. Randomized controlled trials of patients receiving RCT which assessed PEP at different time intervals were included. Following data extraction and Cochrane risk of bias assessment 2, meta-analyses were performed to evaluate PEP during the first 48 hours along with rescue analgesic intake. The certainty of the evidence was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach.

Results

Five randomized controlled trials with 674 patients were included. One study exhibited a low risk of bias, while 4 raised some concerns. Patients treated with low concentrations of NaOCl (≤3%) were significantly less likely to report PEP at 24 hours (OR = 2.32; [95% CI, 1.63–3.31]; P < .05) and 48 hours (OR = 2.49; [95% CI, 1.73–3.59]; P < .05) as compared with high concentrations of NaOCl (≥5%). Furthermore, with low concentrations of NaOCl, significantly lesser moderate-severe PEP was reported at 24 hours (OR = 2.32; [95% CI, 1.47–3.62]; P < .05) and 48 hours (OR = 2.35; [95% CI, 1.32–4.16]; P < .05) and lesser analgesia was needed (OR = 2.43; [95% CI, 1.48–4.00]; P < .05).

Conclusions

While PEP can be influenced by several factors, low certainty evidence suggests that when NaOCl is used as an irrigant during RCT, PEP may be less likely with lower concentrations of NaOCl. Moderate certainty evidence indicates that lesser analgesia may be required with lower concentrations of NaOCl. These results should be cautiously interpreted.

简介:本研究系统回顾了有关根管治疗(RCT)期间使用不同浓度次氯酸钠(NaOCl)对根管治疗后疼痛(PEP)和解救镇痛效果的文献:在PROSPERO(CRD42023388916)注册后,我们使用PubMed、Scopus、Web of Science和Embase数据库进行了检索。纳入的随机对照试验(RaCT)对象是接受 RCT 治疗的患者,这些试验评估了不同时间间隔的 PEP。在进行数据提取和 Cochrane 偏倚风险评估 2 之后,进行了荟萃分析,以评估最初 48 小时内的 PEP 以及抢救性镇痛药摄入量。采用推荐、评估、发展和评价分级法对证据的确定性进行了评估:结果:共纳入了五项RaCT研究,涉及674名患者。其中一项研究的偏倚风险较低,而四项研究则引起了一些关注。使用低浓度 NaOCl(≤3%)治疗的患者在 24 小时后报告 PEP 的可能性显著降低(OR=2.32;[95%CI,1.63-3.31];PC 结论:尽管PEP可能受多种因素影响,但低度确定性证据表明,在RCT期间使用NaOCl作为冲洗剂时,NaOCl浓度越低,PEP的可能性越小。中度确定性证据表明,使用较低浓度的 NaOCl 可能需要较少的镇痛。应谨慎解释这些结果。
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引用次数: 0
Guidelines for Authors 作者指南
IF 3.5 2区 医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0099-2399(24)00416-3
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引用次数: 0
Construction and Evaluation of an AI-based CBCT Resolution Optimization Technique for Extracted Teeth 构建和评估基于人工智能的拔牙 CBCT 分辨率优化技术。
IF 3.5 2区 医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2024.05.015

Introduction

In dental clinical practice, cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is commonly used to assist practitioners to recognize the complex morphology of root canal systems; however, because of its resolution limitations, certain small anatomical structures still cannot be accurately recognized on CBCT. The purpose of this study was to perform image super-resolution (SR) processing on CBCT images of extracted human teeth with the help of a deep learning model, and to compare the differences among CBCT, super-resolution computed tomography (SRCT), and micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT) images through three-dimensional reconstruction.

Methods

The deep learning model (Basicvsr++) was selected and modified. The dataset consisted of 171 extracted teeth that met inclusion criteria, with 40 maxillary first molars as the training set and 40 maxillary first molars as well as 91 teeth from other tooth positions as the external test set. The corresponding CBCT, SRCT, and Micro-CT images of each tooth in test sets were reconstructed using Mimics Research 17.0, and the root canal recognition rates in the 3 groups were recorded. The following parameters were measured: volume of hard tissue (V1), volume of pulp chamber and root canal system (V2), length of visible root canals under orifice (VL-X, where X represents the specific root canal), and intersection angle between coronal axis of canal and long axis of tooth (∠X, where X represents the specific root canal). Data were statistically analyzed between CBCT and SRCT images using paired sample t-test and Wilcoxon test analysis, with the measurement from Micro-CT images as the gold standard.

Results

Images from all tested teeth were successfully processed with the SR program. In 4-canal maxillary first molar, identification of MB2 was 72% (18/25) in CBCT group, 92% (23/25) in SRCT group, and 100% (25/25) in Micro-CT group. The difference of hard tissue volume between SRCT and Micro-CT was significantly smaller than that between CBCT and Micro-CT in all tested teeth except 4-canal mandibular first molar (P < .05). Similar results were obtained in volume of pulp chamber and root canal system in all tested teeth (P < .05). As for length of visible root canals under orifice, the difference between SRCT and Micro-CT was significantly smaller than that between CBCT and Micro-CT (P < .05) in most root canals.

Conclusions

The deep learning model developed in this study helps to optimize the root canal morphology of extracted teeth in CBCT. And it may be helpful for the identification of MB2 in the maxillary first molar.

导言:在牙科临床实践中,锥形束计算机断层扫描(CBCT)常用来帮助医生识别根管系统的复杂形态。但由于其分辨率的限制,某些细小的解剖结构仍无法通过 CBCT 准确识别。本研究的目的是在深度学习模型的帮助下,对拔出的人类牙齿的CBCT图像进行图像超分辨率(SR)处理,并通过三维重建比较CBCT、SRCT和显微计算机断层扫描(Micro-CT)图像之间的差异:方法:选择并修改了深度学习模型(Basicvsr++)。方法:选择并修改了深度学习模型(Basicvsr++)。数据集由符合纳入标准的 171 颗拔牙组成,其中 40 颗上颌第一磨牙作为训练集,40 颗上颌第一磨牙以及 91 颗其他位置的牙齿作为外部测试集。使用 Mimics Research 17.0 重建测试集中每颗牙齿的相应 CBCT、SRCT 和 Micro-CT 图像,并记录三组的根管识别率。测量的参数包括:硬组织体积(V1)、髓室和根管系统体积(V2)、孔下可见根管长度(VL-X,其中 X 代表特定根管)、根管冠状轴与牙齿长轴的交角(∠X,其中 X 代表特定根管)。使用配对样本 t 检验和 Wilcoxon 检验分析对 CBCT 和 SRCT 图像之间的数据进行统计分析,并将 Micro-CT 图像的测量结果作为金标准:结果:所有测试牙齿的图像均已成功通过超分辨率程序处理。在上颌第一磨牙的 4 个腭窦中,CBCT 组 MB2 的识别率为 72%(18/25),SRCT 组为 92%(23/25),Micro-CT 组为 100%(25/25)。在所有受测牙齿中,SRCT 与 Micro-CT 之间的硬组织体积差异明显小于 CBCT 与 Micro-CT 之间的差异(P < 0.05),下颌第一磨牙除外(4-canal)。所有受测牙齿的髓腔和根管系统的体积也得到了类似的结果(P < 0.05)。在大多数根管中,SRCT 与 Micro-CT 之间的差异明显小于 CBCT 与 Micro-CT 之间的差异(P < 0.05):本研究开发的深度学习模型有助于优化 CBCT 拔牙根管形态。结论:本研究开发的深度学习模型有助于优化 CBCT 拔牙根管形态,并有助于识别上颌第一磨牙的 MB2。
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引用次数: 0
Does the Mixing Method of AH Plus Jet Affect its Physicochemical and Mechanical Properties? AH Plus Jet 的混合方法是否会影响其物理化学和机械性能?
IF 3.5 2区 医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2024.06.006

Introduction

The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the mixing method of AH Plus Jet sealer affects its physicochemical and mechanical properties.

Methods

The properties of AH Plus Jet sealer were analyzed when mixed using either the Auto Mix Tip or manual mixing. The evaluated properties included radiopacity (n = 5), initial and final setting times (n = 5), flow (n = 5), and solubility (n = 3), following specifications outlined in ISO 6876/2012 and ADA Nº 57/2000. pH levels were measured at intervals of 3, 24, 72, and 168 hours (n = 10). The push-out bond strength test was conducted using a universal testing machine and using bovine teeth (n = 30). Failure modes were analyzed with stereomicroscopy. Porosity was evaluated under micro-CT (n = 5), and scanning electron microscopy was also performed (n = 5). One-way analysis of variance and Tukey, unpaired t-tests, or Mann–Whitney tests were used with a significance level of 5%.

Results

The Auto Mix exhibited a radiopacity value of 12.11 mmAl, whereas manual mixing resulted in 12.55 mmAl (P > .05). For initial and final setting times, Auto Mix showed 901 minutes and 1779 minutes, respectively, while manual mixing recorded values of 631 minutes and 1504 minutes (P < .05). In terms of flow, Auto Mix demonstrated higher values (25.26 mm) than manual mixing (21.71 mm) (P < .05). No statistical differences were observed between the two methods for solubility and pH (P > .05). Manual mixing presented a higher bond strength value (14.52 MPa) than Auto Mix (9.81 MPa) (P < .05). The mixed failure mode was the most frequent outcome for both methods. The highest porosity was observed for Auto Mix (P < .05). Scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed that manual mixing resulted in a smoother surface with fewer pores and smaller, more evenly distributed agglomerates compared to automatic mixing.

Conclusion

The mixing method employed for AH Plus Jet sealer influences some physicochemical and mechanical properties of the material.

简介本研究的目的是评估 AH Plus Jet 密封胶的混合方法是否会影响其物理化学和机械性能:分析了 AH Plus Jet 密封胶在使用自动混合头或手动混合时的特性。根据 ISO 6876/2012 和 ADA Nº 57/2000 中规定的规格,评估的特性包括不透明度(n=5)、初凝和终凝时间(n=5)、流动性(n=5)和可溶性(n=3)。使用万能试验机和牛牙(n=30)进行了推出粘接强度测试。采用体视显微镜分析失效模式。在显微计算机断层扫描(n=5)和扫描电子显微镜(n=5)下对孔隙率进行了评估。采用单因素方差分析、Tukey、非配对 t 检验或 Mann-Whitney 检验,显著性水平为 5%:结果:自动混合器的放射能值为 12.11 mmAl,而手动混合器的放射能值为 12.55 mmAl(P>0.05)。在初凝和终凝时间方面,自动混合料分别为 901 分钟和 1779 分钟,而手工混合料分别为 631 分钟和 1504 分钟(P0.05)。手动混合的粘结强度值(14.52 兆帕)高于自动混合的粘结强度值(9.81 兆帕)(P0.05):AH Plus Jet 密封胶采用的混合方法会影响材料的某些物理化学和机械性能。
{"title":"Does the Mixing Method of AH Plus Jet Affect its Physicochemical and Mechanical Properties?","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.06.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.06.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the mixing method of AH Plus Jet sealer affects its physicochemical and mechanical properties.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The properties of AH Plus Jet sealer were analyzed when mixed using either the Auto Mix Tip or manual mixing. The evaluated properties included radiopacity (<em>n</em> = 5), initial and final setting times (<em>n</em> = 5), flow (<em>n</em> = 5), and solubility (<em>n</em> = 3), following specifications outlined in ISO 6876/2012 and ADA Nº 57/2000. pH levels were measured at intervals of 3, 24, 72, and 168 hours (<em>n</em> = 10). The push-out bond strength test was conducted using a universal testing machine and using bovine teeth (<em>n</em><span> = 30). Failure modes were analyzed with stereomicroscopy. Porosity was evaluated under micro-CT (</span><em>n</em><span> = 5), and scanning electron microscopy was also performed (</span><em>n</em> = 5). One-way analysis of variance and Tukey, unpaired t-tests, or Mann–Whitney tests were used with a significance level of 5%.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The Auto Mix exhibited a radiopacity value of 12.11 mmAl, whereas manual mixing resulted in 12.55 mmAl (<em>P</em> &gt; .05). For initial and final setting times, Auto Mix showed 901 minutes and 1779 minutes, respectively, while manual mixing recorded values of 631 minutes and 1504 minutes (<em>P</em> &lt; .05). In terms of flow, Auto Mix demonstrated higher values (25.26 mm) than manual mixing (21.71 mm) (<em>P</em> &lt; .05). No statistical differences were observed between the two methods for solubility and pH (<em>P</em> &gt; .05). Manual mixing presented a higher bond strength value (14.52 MPa) than Auto Mix (9.81 MPa) (<em>P</em> &lt; .05). The mixed failure mode was the most frequent outcome for both methods. The highest porosity was observed for Auto Mix (<em>P</em> &lt; .05). Scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed that manual mixing resulted in a smoother surface with fewer pores and smaller, more evenly distributed agglomerates compared to automatic mixing.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The mixing method employed for AH Plus Jet sealer influences some physicochemical and mechanical properties of the material.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141432102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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IF 3.5 2区 医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0099-2399(24)00432-1
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Journal of endodontics
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