Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.37421/2380-2391.2021.8.324
B. Sundaram
{"title":"Editorial Note on Heavy Metals","authors":"B. Sundaram","doi":"10.37421/2380-2391.2021.8.324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37421/2380-2391.2021.8.324","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15764,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental analytical chemistry","volume":"5 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80901372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.37421/2380-2391.2021.8.298
Chiranjeevi Sirikonda
{"title":"Easy Analytical Methods for the Environmental Analysis","authors":"Chiranjeevi Sirikonda","doi":"10.37421/2380-2391.2021.8.298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37421/2380-2391.2021.8.298","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15764,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental analytical chemistry","volume":"17 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74755958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.37421/2380-2391.2021.8.296
Chiranjeevi Sirikonda
{"title":"Editorial Note on How to Prevent Air Pollution","authors":"Chiranjeevi Sirikonda","doi":"10.37421/2380-2391.2021.8.296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37421/2380-2391.2021.8.296","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15764,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental analytical chemistry","volume":"56 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78648486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, we analyzed the estimation accuracy of the annual average value of 16 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the atmosphere according to the measurement frequency. As the analysis data, VOCs continuous monitoring data that has been observed hourly for 3 years at 6 points in Tokyo was used. In the case of 24 -hours sampling, the coefficient of variation (CV) of the annual average value in the 30 -days cycle to accurate annual average was 0 . 25 on average 16 substances. On the other hand, when the measuring day of the week is fixed, as in the case of the 7 -days cycle, there were substances that had a significantly higher CV. Especially for trichloroethylene and dichloromethane, it was higher than that in the 30 -days cycle. It was considered that this is influenced by the concentration fluctuation due to industrial and / or traffic activities, and it was speculated that if the measuring day of the week was fixed even once a month, the accuracy of the annual average value would decrease. In the monthly monitoring, the CV of the annual average value for one-week sampling was smaller than for the 24 -hours sampling. It was estimated that the monitoring 4 times per year with one-week sampling was the same level or less than the CV of the monitoring 12 times per year with the 24 -hours sampling. The annual average value by 1 -week sampling of 4 times per year was as accurate as the value obtained by 24 -hours sampling of 12 times per year that was commonly performed in Japan.
{"title":"Estimation Accuracy of Annual Average Value of Atmospheric Concentration by Measurement Cycle and Frequency","authors":"Chieko Nudejima, J. Hoshi, Mika Kato, T. Kameya","doi":"10.5985/JEC.31.64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5985/JEC.31.64","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we analyzed the estimation accuracy of the annual average value of 16 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the atmosphere according to the measurement frequency. As the analysis data, VOCs continuous monitoring data that has been observed hourly for 3 years at 6 points in Tokyo was used. In the case of 24 -hours sampling, the coefficient of variation (CV) of the annual average value in the 30 -days cycle to accurate annual average was 0 . 25 on average 16 substances. On the other hand, when the measuring day of the week is fixed, as in the case of the 7 -days cycle, there were substances that had a significantly higher CV. Especially for trichloroethylene and dichloromethane, it was higher than that in the 30 -days cycle. It was considered that this is influenced by the concentration fluctuation due to industrial and / or traffic activities, and it was speculated that if the measuring day of the week was fixed even once a month, the accuracy of the annual average value would decrease. In the monthly monitoring, the CV of the annual average value for one-week sampling was smaller than for the 24 -hours sampling. It was estimated that the monitoring 4 times per year with one-week sampling was the same level or less than the CV of the monitoring 12 times per year with the 24 -hours sampling. The annual average value by 1 -week sampling of 4 times per year was as accurate as the value obtained by 24 -hours sampling of 12 times per year that was commonly performed in Japan.","PeriodicalId":15764,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental analytical chemistry","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90790740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ryosuke Yoshiki, Yuki Haga, T. Yamasaki, A. Nakagoshi, Katsuya Yamamoto, C. Matsumura, Kazuo Fujimori
The concentrations of benzotriazole UV stabilizers (BUVSs) in water bodies and the atmosphere were analyzed in Hyogo, Japan. Only UV-326 was detected in the water at four sites in the Hokkesantanigawa-River system, with a maximum concentration of 2,800 ng/L. BUVSs were detected in most of the analyzed sediment samples, with UV-326 as the dominant compound, followed by UV-327, UV-328, and UV-320. Based on these observations, BUVSs appear to accumulate more readily in sediments than in water because of their strong hydrophobicity. BUVSs were detected in all the analyzed atmospheric samples, and similar to the water and sediment samples, UV-326 was the dominant compound. These results suggest that the production and usage of UV-326 in Hyogo Prefecture are greater than those of other BUVSs. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that reports the presence of four BUVS substances (UV-320, UV-326, UV-327, and UV-328) in the atmosphere.
{"title":"Benzotriazole UV Stabilizer Contamination of in the Rivers and the Atmosphere of Hyogo Prefecture","authors":"Ryosuke Yoshiki, Yuki Haga, T. Yamasaki, A. Nakagoshi, Katsuya Yamamoto, C. Matsumura, Kazuo Fujimori","doi":"10.5985/JEC.31.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5985/JEC.31.30","url":null,"abstract":"The concentrations of benzotriazole UV stabilizers (BUVSs) in water bodies and the atmosphere were analyzed in Hyogo, Japan. Only UV-326 was detected in the water at four sites in the Hokkesantanigawa-River system, with a maximum concentration of 2,800 ng/L. BUVSs were detected in most of the analyzed sediment samples, with UV-326 as the dominant compound, followed by UV-327, UV-328, and UV-320. Based on these observations, BUVSs appear to accumulate more readily in sediments than in water because of their strong hydrophobicity. BUVSs were detected in all the analyzed atmospheric samples, and similar to the water and sediment samples, UV-326 was the dominant compound. These results suggest that the production and usage of UV-326 in Hyogo Prefecture are greater than those of other BUVSs. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that reports the presence of four BUVS substances (UV-320, UV-326, UV-327, and UV-328) in the atmosphere.","PeriodicalId":15764,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental analytical chemistry","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78905832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.37421/2380-2391.2021.8.319
Sowmya Sakinala
{"title":"Low-Cost Materials for the Removal of Contaminants of Emerging Pollutants","authors":"Sowmya Sakinala","doi":"10.37421/2380-2391.2021.8.319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37421/2380-2391.2021.8.319","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15764,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental analytical chemistry","volume":"2016 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82628133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.37421/2380-2391.2021.8.292
Swati Singh Ch, Amar Singh Rana, M. Ibrahim
The following research work has been undertaken to examine the presence of heavy metals i.e., lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd), Copper (Cu), Iron (Fe), Cobalt (Co) in some selected vegetables and fruits supplied in the local market. The process used to determine heavy metals is Atomic Absorption Spectrometer. Iron concentration in spinach, tomato, cauliflower and lady finger showed higher ranges which were exceeding the permissible limits. Cauliflower and spinach were within the limits specified. The pH value, ascorbic concentration and moisture content significantly decreased after oven drying of vegetables and fruits. However, the Total Soluble Solids (TSS) and ash content significantly increased after oven drying as compared with fresh vegetables and fruits. The present research data revealed that the fresh and oven dried vegetables such as Spinach, Cauliflower, Lady finger and Tomato contains 0.13-1.50%, 0.25-2.32%, 0.26-2.52% and 0.19-3.13% Titratable acidity respectively. Similarly, fresh and oven dried Guava Titratable acidity was highest 0.27 and 1.92 as compared with Water melon and Mango. The reduction in acidity may be due to catabolic activities in fruit cells and increased in pH. The pH value of vegetables and fruits dropped after oven drying. Similarly, ascorbic concentration and moisture content significantly decreased after oven drying as compared to fresh vegetables and fruits. However, the Total Soluble solids (TSS) and ash content significantly increased after oven drying as compared with fresh vegetables and fruits. Overall, from the following study we can conclude that vegetables and fruits were found to be contaminated by heavy toxic metals. Regular monitoring is required because these toxic metals will damage human body as well disturb our food chain. The main objective to conduct this study is to monitor the heavy metal toxicity and provide some recommendation, which in future will assure food safety and human health.
{"title":"Physiological Analysis and Contamination of Heavy Metal Contents in Vegetables and Fruits Irrigated with Wastewater","authors":"Swati Singh Ch, Amar Singh Rana, M. Ibrahim","doi":"10.37421/2380-2391.2021.8.292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37421/2380-2391.2021.8.292","url":null,"abstract":"The following research work has been undertaken to examine the presence of heavy metals i.e., lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd), Copper (Cu), Iron (Fe), Cobalt (Co) in some selected vegetables and fruits supplied in the local market. The process used to determine heavy metals is Atomic Absorption Spectrometer. Iron concentration in spinach, tomato, cauliflower and lady finger showed higher ranges which were exceeding the permissible limits. Cauliflower and spinach were within the limits specified. The pH value, ascorbic concentration and moisture content significantly decreased after oven drying of vegetables and fruits. However, the Total Soluble Solids (TSS) and ash content significantly increased after oven drying as compared with fresh vegetables and fruits. The present research data revealed that the fresh and oven dried vegetables such as Spinach, Cauliflower, Lady finger and Tomato contains 0.13-1.50%, 0.25-2.32%, 0.26-2.52% and 0.19-3.13% Titratable acidity respectively. Similarly, fresh and oven dried Guava Titratable acidity was highest 0.27 and 1.92 as compared with Water melon and Mango. The reduction in acidity may be due to catabolic activities in fruit cells and increased in pH. The pH value of vegetables and fruits dropped after oven drying. Similarly, ascorbic concentration and moisture content significantly decreased after oven drying as compared to fresh vegetables and fruits. However, the Total Soluble solids (TSS) and ash content significantly increased after oven drying as compared with fresh vegetables and fruits. Overall, from the following study we can conclude that vegetables and fruits were found to be contaminated by heavy toxic metals. Regular monitoring is required because these toxic metals will damage human body as well disturb our food chain. The main objective to conduct this study is to monitor the heavy metal toxicity and provide some recommendation, which in future will assure food safety and human health.","PeriodicalId":15764,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental analytical chemistry","volume":"41 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74207172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.37421/2380-2391.2021.8.294
Chiranjeevi Sirikonda
Soil chemistry is the analysis of the distribution of the elements and their compounds between the three main phases that form the soil, solid, liquid, and gaseous phases and within them. We aim to understand and predict how positively charged ions are dispersed between the solid and liquid phases by observing cation exchange reactions. Cation exchange is an important and unifying principle in soil science because it affects the flocculation and dispersion of soils and suspended sediments, the availability and transport of nutrient and contaminant cations, and the regulation of soil acidity. The first systemic studies of cation exchange reactions in soils are credited to J.T. Way. Way determined that equal quantities of Ca2+ were extracted from soils when leached with NH4+, K+, and Na+, based on H.S. Thompson's observation that CaSO4 was leached out when (NH4)2SO4 was applied to soil columns. Since then, a significant amount of work has been done to apply the cation exchange concept to model the availability of nutrient ions in soils, particularly the exchange of K+, NH4+, and Ca2+. The degree of colloid dispersion, and thus the formation of soil crusts and soil hydraulic conductivity, is directly affected by the relative concentration of sodium on soil surfaces. Na2+-Ca2+ exchange concepts have since been used to reclaim and control saline-sodic soils. The effects of sodium and solution composition, pH, ionic strength, and mineralogy on soil dispersive properties have made significant progress. The effects of acid rain and other anthropogenic inputs on soil acidification have been studied using aluminum–calcium exchange reactions. As evidenced by the numerous research articles published on the topic, cation exchange reactions have been, and continue to be, an active field of soil chemistry research. Several outstanding reviews are available, including those with background information, experimental methods, and cation exchange kinetic aspects. In soils, cation exchange occurs as a result of two general phenomena that are easily identified and comprehended. Second, most soils have a net negative charge, except for the very acid and extremely weathered ones. Second, they are electrically neutral in all normal macroscopic environments. As salts are applied to the soil by natural mineral weathering or decomposition processes of organic matter, some fraction of the added ions accumulate in the interfacial region and displace a charge-equivalent amount of ions from the interfacial region into the soil solution in irrigation water as a fertiliser, acid rain, or other anthropogenic input. When applied to a system as varied and heterogeneous as the soil, the simplicity of these principles belies the difficulty of the cation exchange process.
{"title":"Editorial Note on Environmental Soil Chemistry","authors":"Chiranjeevi Sirikonda","doi":"10.37421/2380-2391.2021.8.294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37421/2380-2391.2021.8.294","url":null,"abstract":"Soil chemistry is the analysis of the distribution of the elements and their compounds between the three main phases that form the soil, solid, liquid, and gaseous phases and within them. We aim to understand and predict how positively charged ions are dispersed between the solid and liquid phases by observing cation exchange reactions. Cation exchange is an important and unifying principle in soil science because it affects the flocculation and dispersion of soils and suspended sediments, the availability and transport of nutrient and contaminant cations, and the regulation of soil acidity. The first systemic studies of cation exchange reactions in soils are credited to J.T. Way. Way determined that equal quantities of Ca2+ were extracted from soils when leached with NH4+, K+, and Na+, based on H.S. Thompson's observation that CaSO4 was leached out when (NH4)2SO4 was applied to soil columns. Since then, a significant amount of work has been done to apply the cation exchange concept to model the availability of nutrient ions in soils, particularly the exchange of K+, NH4+, and Ca2+. The degree of colloid dispersion, and thus the formation of soil crusts and soil hydraulic conductivity, is directly affected by the relative concentration of sodium on soil surfaces. Na2+-Ca2+ exchange concepts have since been used to reclaim and control saline-sodic soils. The effects of sodium and solution composition, pH, ionic strength, and mineralogy on soil dispersive properties have made significant progress. The effects of acid rain and other anthropogenic inputs on soil acidification have been studied using aluminum–calcium exchange reactions. As evidenced by the numerous research articles published on the topic, cation exchange reactions have been, and continue to be, an active field of soil chemistry research. Several outstanding reviews are available, including those with background information, experimental methods, and cation exchange kinetic aspects. In soils, cation exchange occurs as a result of two general phenomena that are easily identified and comprehended. Second, most soils have a net negative charge, except for the very acid and extremely weathered ones. Second, they are electrically neutral in all normal macroscopic environments. As salts are applied to the soil by natural mineral weathering or decomposition processes of organic matter, some fraction of the added ions accumulate in the interfacial region and displace a charge-equivalent amount of ions from the interfacial region into the soil solution in irrigation water as a fertiliser, acid rain, or other anthropogenic input. When applied to a system as varied and heterogeneous as the soil, the simplicity of these principles belies the difficulty of the cation exchange process.","PeriodicalId":15764,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental analytical chemistry","volume":"27 41","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91509760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.37421/2380-2391.2021.8.320
Pawan Tarade
{"title":"Microplastics and their Role as a Sorbed Chemical","authors":"Pawan Tarade","doi":"10.37421/2380-2391.2021.8.320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37421/2380-2391.2021.8.320","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15764,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental analytical chemistry","volume":"50 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86136724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.37421/2380-2391.2021.8.330
Nabeela Firdous, I. Shaikh, S. Islam, F. Arooj
Dyeing wash-off operations in textile industries quite water intensive resulting into the generation of highly polluted wastewater. This study evaluated the treatment efficiency of electrocoagulation process to decolorize the synthetic effluent of CI Reactive Yellow 145 and then, the treated effluent was reused for 08 subsequent wash-off cycles of textile dyeing. The process parameters (Electrolysis time, applied current density and pH) were optimized and the maximum colour removal efficiency (98%) was achieved at pH 7, 10 minutes treatment time and current density of 90 A/m2. The fabric quality was assessed in terms of Colour difference and wash fastness properties. The Colour difference values of all dyed fabric samples up to 8 reuse cycles were ranged 0.38 to 0.85 which is industrially acceptable quality limit (ΔEcmc < 1). The wash fastness and Colour strength properties were also comparable to that of conventionally washed off fabric samples. However, an increase in pH, COD, TDS and turbidity was observed after every reuse but it did not deteriorate the quality of dyeing. This approach of reuse of electrocoagulation treated dye wash-off liquor up to 8 cycles provides a sustainable solution for textile industry.
{"title":"Multiple Reuse of Electrocoagulation Treated Reactive Dyeing Wash-Off: Colorimetric Properties and Water Saving","authors":"Nabeela Firdous, I. Shaikh, S. Islam, F. Arooj","doi":"10.37421/2380-2391.2021.8.330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37421/2380-2391.2021.8.330","url":null,"abstract":"Dyeing wash-off operations in textile industries quite water intensive resulting into the generation of highly polluted wastewater. This study evaluated the treatment efficiency of electrocoagulation process to decolorize the synthetic effluent of CI Reactive Yellow 145 and then, the treated effluent was reused for 08 subsequent wash-off cycles of textile dyeing. The process parameters (Electrolysis time, applied current density and pH) were optimized and the maximum colour removal efficiency (98%) was achieved at pH 7, 10 minutes treatment time and current density of 90 A/m2. The fabric quality was assessed in terms of Colour difference and wash fastness properties. The Colour difference values of all dyed fabric samples up to 8 reuse cycles were ranged 0.38 to 0.85 which is industrially acceptable quality limit (ΔEcmc < 1). The wash fastness and Colour strength properties were also comparable to that of conventionally washed off fabric samples. However, an increase in pH, COD, TDS and turbidity was observed after every reuse but it did not deteriorate the quality of dyeing. This approach of reuse of electrocoagulation treated dye wash-off liquor up to 8 cycles provides a sustainable solution for textile industry.","PeriodicalId":15764,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental analytical chemistry","volume":"96 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82776917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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