Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.37421/2380-2391.2021.8.333
M. Renzi
{"title":"Toxic Rain: The Effect of Acid Precipitation on the Environment","authors":"M. Renzi","doi":"10.37421/2380-2391.2021.8.333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37421/2380-2391.2021.8.333","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15764,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental analytical chemistry","volume":"14 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90095112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.37421/2380-2391.2021.8.287
Amani Atayat, M. Behalo, N. Mzoughi
Now-a-days, the management of water resources is one of the main global challenges, both at the level of agricultural and industrial activities as well as direct consumption and poses various problems of both qualitative and quantitative order. In the entire world, groundwater suffers from various sources of contamination principally due to overusing of chemical fertilizer in the agricultural sector. The contamination of groundwater by organochlorines and more precisely by polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) is a problem of global order. As we know that Tunisia is based on agriculture work like citrus, olive, wheat and cereal, the study of water pollution is a topical subject that remains unclear. Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) are one class of persistent organic pollutants. PCBs in recent decades have attracted the attention of scientific and policy maker communities due to their persistence, their high capacity to bioaccumulation in the food chain and their toxic properties. This work is aimed to develop an efficient method for the analysis of targeted PCBs in groundwater sample taken from the region of Grombalia. Optimization of PCBs extraction was performed with applied the experimental design of Dohlert with two factors, solvent and number of extractions. Analysis of PCBs was performed with gas chromatography coupled with electron capture detector (GC-ECD) with an optimization of temperature program. Results shows that the optimal temperature program was obtained with a starting temperature of 160°C up to 280°C during 10 min with a rate of 4°C min-1 and the optimal condition of extraction was obtained with a mixture of hexane/ether (75/25%) and a three time extractions. The optimized method has been applied to the analysis of the PCBs in nine groundwater samples collected from the Grombalia city. Results indicate that PCBs concentrations varied between 5.2 μgL-1 and 169 μgL-1. However, the maximum acceptable concentration (MAC) in drinking and surface water recommended by EPA is 0.5 μgL-1 with a detection limit (LD) ranged between 0.05 to 1.9 μg L-1.
{"title":"Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Groundwater of Grombalia: Optimization and Validation of Analytical Procedures Using Gas Chromatography with Electron Capture Detector","authors":"Amani Atayat, M. Behalo, N. Mzoughi","doi":"10.37421/2380-2391.2021.8.287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37421/2380-2391.2021.8.287","url":null,"abstract":"Now-a-days, the management of water resources is one of the main global challenges, both at the level of agricultural and industrial activities as well as direct consumption and poses various problems of both qualitative and quantitative order. In the entire world, groundwater suffers from various sources of contamination principally due to overusing of chemical fertilizer in the agricultural sector. The contamination of groundwater by organochlorines and more precisely by polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) is a problem of global order. As we know that Tunisia is based on agriculture work like citrus, olive, wheat and cereal, the study of water pollution is a topical subject that remains unclear. Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) are one class of persistent organic pollutants. PCBs in recent decades have attracted the attention of scientific and policy maker communities due to their persistence, their high capacity to bioaccumulation in the food chain and their toxic properties. This work is aimed to develop an efficient method for the analysis of targeted PCBs in groundwater sample taken from the region of Grombalia. Optimization of PCBs extraction was performed with applied the experimental design of Dohlert with two factors, solvent and number of extractions. Analysis of PCBs was performed with gas chromatography coupled with electron capture detector (GC-ECD) with an optimization of temperature program. Results shows that the optimal temperature program was obtained with a starting temperature of 160°C up to 280°C during 10 min with a rate of 4°C min-1 and the optimal condition of extraction was obtained with a mixture of hexane/ether (75/25%) and a three time extractions. The optimized method has been applied to the analysis of the PCBs in nine groundwater samples collected from the Grombalia city. Results indicate that PCBs concentrations varied between 5.2 μgL-1 and 169 μgL-1. However, the maximum acceptable concentration (MAC) in drinking and surface water recommended by EPA is 0.5 μgL-1 with a detection limit (LD) ranged between 0.05 to 1.9 μg L-1.","PeriodicalId":15764,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental analytical chemistry","volume":"66 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89032368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.37421/2380-2391.2021.8.291
Chintala Mounica
Environmental biotechnology specifically is the use of cycles for the insurance and rebuilding of the nature of the climate. Ecological biotechnology can be utilized to recognize, forestall and remediate the outflow of toxins into the climate in various manners.
{"title":"Editorial on Environmental Biotechnology","authors":"Chintala Mounica","doi":"10.37421/2380-2391.2021.8.291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37421/2380-2391.2021.8.291","url":null,"abstract":"Environmental biotechnology specifically is the use of cycles for the insurance and rebuilding of the nature of the climate. Ecological biotechnology can be utilized to recognize, forestall and remediate the outflow of toxins into the climate in various manners.","PeriodicalId":15764,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental analytical chemistry","volume":"6 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81342701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Matsuda, I. Watanabe, Ayano Gomi, T. Hosono, H. Ozaki
By the 1970s, Cr(VI) sludge was illegally dumped around Komatsu-gawa, Edogawa-Ku, Tokyo, in the metropolitan area of Japan. Even now, high level of Cr(VI) pollution is observed in water in street inlet. Although Cr(VI) is easily reduced to Cr(III) under reducing conditions, the concentration is very high (>150 mg/L) under the high pH (>11) and low Eh (<0 mV) condition in the inlet. In order to explain why such high concentration of Cr(VI) has been detected under the reductive condition, influence of pH, Eh on redox reaction of Cr(VI) was investigated by batch experiment using Cr(VI) solution prepared from chemicals and the contaminated water sample collected from the polluted inlet. Iron sulfate (II) was used as reductant. When the Cr(VI) chemical was used, Cr(VI) was reduced less with higher pH condition. When contaminated water sample was used, the redox reaction was also suppressed in the higher pH condition (pH>9 ). The results of batch experiment also showed that, with the lower Eh condition, the more Cr(VI) was reduced when sample water collected form the polluted inlet was used. And it is also showed that pH is a stronger factor which influence on concentration of Cr(VI) than Eh. The reason why high concentration of Cr(VI) was detected under low Eh condition at Komatsu-gawa seemed to be the suppression of reducing reaction by the high pH.
{"title":"Influence of pH and Eh on Hexavalent Chromium Level which Occurs in Street Inlet Water in Komatsugawa District, Edogawa-ku, Tokyo","authors":"S. Matsuda, I. Watanabe, Ayano Gomi, T. Hosono, H. Ozaki","doi":"10.5985/jec.31.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5985/jec.31.1","url":null,"abstract":"By the 1970s, Cr(VI) sludge was illegally dumped around Komatsu-gawa, Edogawa-Ku, Tokyo, in the metropolitan area of Japan. Even now, high level of Cr(VI) pollution is observed in water in street inlet. Although Cr(VI) is easily reduced to Cr(III) under reducing conditions, the concentration is very high (>150 mg/L) under the high pH (>11) and low Eh (<0 mV) condition in the inlet. In order to explain why such high concentration of Cr(VI) has been detected under the reductive condition, influence of pH, Eh on redox reaction of Cr(VI) was investigated by batch experiment using Cr(VI) solution prepared from chemicals and the contaminated water sample collected from the polluted inlet. Iron sulfate (II) was used as reductant. When the Cr(VI) chemical was used, Cr(VI) was reduced less with higher pH condition. When contaminated water sample was used, the redox reaction was also suppressed in the higher pH condition (pH>9 ). The results of batch experiment also showed that, with the lower Eh condition, the more Cr(VI) was reduced when sample water collected form the polluted inlet was used. And it is also showed that pH is a stronger factor which influence on concentration of Cr(VI) than Eh. The reason why high concentration of Cr(VI) was detected under low Eh condition at Komatsu-gawa seemed to be the suppression of reducing reaction by the high pH.","PeriodicalId":15764,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental analytical chemistry","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87039593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.37421/2380-2391.2021.8.301
Chiranjeevi Sirikonda
{"title":"The Hurtful Impacts of Toxic Synthetics in the Environment","authors":"Chiranjeevi Sirikonda","doi":"10.37421/2380-2391.2021.8.301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37421/2380-2391.2021.8.301","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15764,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental analytical chemistry","volume":"524 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80127551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.37421/2380-2391.2021.8.305
S. Sowmya
{"title":"Positive Effects of COVID-19 Lockdown on Air Quality in India","authors":"S. Sowmya","doi":"10.37421/2380-2391.2021.8.305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37421/2380-2391.2021.8.305","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15764,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental analytical chemistry","volume":"47 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90888363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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