Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation最新文献

The aim of this study was to explore and describe the exercise behaviours and barriers in people with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT), with a particular focus on resistance training (RT). Ninety-four Australian adults with a diagnosis of CMT completed an online survey. Fifty-seven percent of respondents reported performing some form of RT each week. Those performing RT engaged in more aerobic activity (P≤0.01) and were involved in longer periods of structured exercise (P<0.01) compared to those not performing RT. The RT group was more likely to perceive their exercise levels as acceptable (P<0.01), that following a program was important (P=0.02), and that exercise is beneficial (P=0.04). The RT group were more likely to have been advised to exercise (P=0.02). Common barriers to exercise were fatigue (64.9%), pain (57.4%), motivation (51.1%), and time (46.8%). RT status did not influence the type of barriers experienced. Weekly RT time was positively associated with exercise satisfaction (r=0.43, P<0.01) and walking distance prior to resting (r=0.29, P=0.04). The findings suggest that positive exercise experiences, advice, assistance from a trainer, and potentially greater resources may influence participation in RT for people with CMT.

People with disabilities (PWD) suffer from chronic diseases and other problems due to their low physical activity compared to people without disabilities. Physical activity and exercise can prevent chronic diseases and improve health management. However, PWD do not receive proper rehabilitation exercise and sports services immediately after dicharge from hospitals. An effective model of rehabilitation exercise and sports service delivery system has not been established in Korea. This study aimed to present such a model for health promotion, which enables PWD to participate in exercise regularly in local communities. The model is presented by dividing it into sides of consumers and suppliers by analyzing domestic and foreign rehabilitation and sports service systems and expert meetings. The system presented in this study can help promote returning to normal social life and transition into sports in daily life for PWD. In addition, it is expected to positively affect local communities through training instructors in rehabilitation exercise and sports; it can serve as a bridge between rehabilitation in medical institutes and sports in daily life.

This study aimed to compare the effects of 8 weeks of foot plus hip exercise to foot exercise alone on medial longitudinal arch (MLA) parameters; navicular drop (ND), arch height index (AHI), plantar pressure, static balance, and dynamic balance were measured at baseline, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks. A total of 52 healthy participants with bilateral flatfoot were randomly assigned into foot exercise (n=26) and foot plus hip exercise (n=26) group. At 4 weeks, the foot plus hip exercise group showed significantly less ND (P=0.002), plantar pressure at the medial forefoot (P=0.002), and mediolateral displacement (P=0.001) while showing a greater AHI (P=0.019) than the foot exercise group. At 8 weeks, there was also significantly less plantar pressure at the medial hindfoot (P=0.017) and less anteroposterior displacement (P=0.002) in the foot plus hip exercise group than in the foot exercise group. No significant differences between groups were found in dynamic balance. The addition of gluteus medius muscle strengthening exercise to foot exercise was more effective in supporting the MLA than performing foot exercise alone.

CrossFit is a high-intensity training related to physical fitness and respiratory capacity that can promote changes in lung function. This cross-sectional study was aimed at evaluating respiratory muscle strength, electromyographic (EMG) activity, and lung capacity in CrossFit athletes. Thirty subjects aged between 25 and 35 years were divided into groups: CrossFit athletes (n=15) and sedentary individuals without comorbidities (n=15). Respiratory muscle strength was evaluated using maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures, lung capacity, and EMG of the sternocleidomastoid, serratus anterior, external intercostal, and diaphragm muscles at respiratory rest, maximal inspiration and expiration, and respiratory cycle. Data were tabulated and subjected to statistical analyses (t-test and Spearman test, P<0.05). Respiratory muscle strength on EMG of the sternocleidomastoid, serratus, external intercostal, and diaphragm muscles at the respiratory cycle and maximal forced inspiration and expiration were higher in the CrossFit athletes group than in the sedentary group without comorbidities. CrossFit athlete group showed significantly strong positive correlation between maximal inspiratory and expiratory muscle strengths (Spearman rho= 0.903, P=0.000), with increasing muscle strength during inspiration favoring an increase in strength during expiration. The forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV₁) also showed a significantly high positive correlation (Spearman rho=0.912, P=0.000) in the CrossFit athletes group, showing that higher FVC favors higher FEV₁. The results of this study suggest that improved fitness is based on increased respiratory muscle strength on EMG in CrossFit athletes.

This study aimed to examine whether compared with a program without walking, intervention programs with three types of walking can improve the muscle property and immunocytes in elderly women. Thirty-two subjects were randomly assigned to control group (CON), slow walking group (SWG), moderate walking group (MWG), and fast walking group (FWG). Three types of walking on treadmill were 30 min a day, 5 days/wk for 12 weeks. Muscle contraction time (Tc), maximum displacement (Dm), and immunocytes were tested by tensiomyography and flow cytometry. After the intervention, FWG had an increasing tendency in the muscle mass compared with other three groups. Tc of biceps femoris (BF) decreased in CON and SWG, while Tc of BF in MWG and FWG (30.58%±23.71%) increased. It was similar in the rectus femoris (RF). Although Dm of BF and RF increased in CON and SWG, those decreased in MWG and FWG. Leucocytes of CON and SWG had a decreasing tendency, those of MWG (9.65%±13.01%) and FWG (13.01%± 13.58%) increased. In the neutrophil, only CON decreased, whereas the three groups showed an increasing tendency. Helper T cell was increased only in FWG (19.61%±19.94%), showing significant differences between groups (P=0.009, η ²=0.378). Natural killer cell was improved in SWG and MWG but showed a clear increase in FWG (75.76%±63.57%). It might be confirmed that walking for elderly increases the muscle property of the lower legs as they walk faster, which might be expected to improve the immunocytes function.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether combined inter-vention of treadmill exercise and bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC) transplantation would affect the expression of neurotrophic factors in the sciatic nerve injury (SNI) and neuropathic pain-related cascades in ipsilateral lumbar 4-5 dorsal root ganglion (DRG) during the early or late stage of sciatic nerve regeneration. The rats were randomly divided into the normal control group (CONT, n=6), sedentary group (SS, n=24), exercise group (SE, n=24), BMSC transplantation group (SB, n=24), BMSC transplantation+exercise group (SBE, n=24) 1, 2, 3, and 5 weeks after SNI. Single dose of 5×10⁶ harvested BMSC was injected into the injury area sing by a 30 gauge needle. Treadmill exercise was performed at a speed of 8 m/min for 30 min once a day. Tropomyosin-receptor kinase B, brain-derived neurotrophic factor and ciliary neurotrophic fac-tor were significantly upregulated in the SE and SBE groups at 1- and 2-week postinjury than those in the CONT and SS groups, and SB and SBE groups continuously kept up proinflammatory cytokines until the late stage of regeneration. Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells, interleukin and tumor necrosis factor alpha in ipsi-lateral DRG were progressively decreased by exercise alone application and/or BMSC transplantation at early and late stage of regeneration. Present results provide reliable information that combined intervention of treadmill exercise and BMSC transplantation might be one of the effective treatment strategies for recovering sciatic nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain over time.

The purpose of this study is to analyze medical students' satisfaction and educational effectiveness after real-time online clinical skills education using a wearable action camera. One hundred eighteen third-year medical students participated in this study. The education program consisted of clinical skills (wound management and vascular access procedures) and a medical interview with a simulated patient. The author wore the head-mounted action camera throughout the class. A systematic questionnaire survey was issued to the students after the education program to analyze the educational satisfaction and effectiveness. This education program showed their high educational satisfaction. The online environment was also mostly positive except for some negative comments about video quality. In the educational satisfaction, though the comparative satisfaction with the face-to-face skill class was slightly lower, the rest of the questionnaire items also showed high relative satisfaction. Online video education using a wearable camera could be a good modality that can replace a face-to-face class when it is impossible to open the class.

We investigated abdominal and lower extremity muscle activity and thickness in typically developing children and children with developmental delays. A total of 35 children participated: typically developing peers (n=13), children with hypotonia (n=10), and children with spasticity (n=12). Muscle activity and thickness were measured at rest and during activity. Electromyography was used to measure abdominal and lower extremity muscle activities, and abdominal muscle thickness was measured using ultrasonography. There was a significant difference between the groups in the activity of the rectus abdominis and quadriceps muscles at rest and during activity (P<0.05). There was a significant difference between the groups in the thickness of the external oblique and transversus abdominis muscles during activity (P<0.05). There was a significant difference between the groups in the thickness of the external oblique and internal oblique muscles in the sitting position (P<0.05). Therefore, the characteristics of muscle tone should be considered when applying interventions to children with developmental delay.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of resistance circuit training on health-related physical fitness, plasma lipid and adiponectin in obese college students. Twenty male college students participated in this study and they were randomly divided into the sedentary group (SG, n=10) and the resistance circuit training group (RCG, n=10). The exercise group underwent the resistance circuit training program for 60 min 3 times a week for 12 weeks, while the sedentary group continued activities of daily living as usual. The levels of health-related fitness, blood lipid, and adiponectin were measured twice before and after the experiment. To analyze the statistically significance of collected data, Two-way repeated measure analysis of variance was used to determine the changes in the groups over the training period. A paired t-test was used to verify the difference within each group, and an independent t-test was used to verify the difference between the groups. In this study, the body composition including body fat mass, percent body fat and body mass index were significantly decreased in RCG compared to those in SG, and the health-related fitness showed a significant difference between RCG and SG. In addition, RCG positively modulated blood concentration of total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. However, plasma adiponectin concentration did not show any significant differences between the two groups. Therefore, the present data suggested that resistance circuit training might be regulator to improve health-related physical fitness and decrease the level of plasma lipid in obese male college students.