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Impact of Lactic Acid Bacteria on the Flavor Profile of Salami and Role of Microbial Diversity and Functional Gene
IF 3.5 2区 农林科学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-12-26 DOI: 10.1155/jfbc/6073261
Kalekristos Yohannes Woldemariam, Min Cai, Yushan Jiao, Wensheng Tang, Yingli Liu, Jing Wang

Salami sausage is a fermented meat product that is appreciated by consumers in most countries. Starter culture plays a key factor in affecting its quality. The present study screened four lactic acid bacteria (LAB) H1-5, N102, YL-1, and YL-2 strains with excellent fermentation characteristics based on their acid production, nitrite degradation, and bacteriostatic capacity. These bacterial strains were applied to make salami sausage, which reduced pH to 5.2. In groups H1-5 and YL-1, key flavors including linalool, 1-octen-3-ol, 3-methylbutyric acid, butyric acid, hexanal, heptanal, phenylacetaldehyde, 2-methylbutanol aldehydes, and p-cresol were detected. The YL-1 salami shows high concentrations of linalool, 1-octen-3-ol, and 3-methylbutyric acid with a concentration of 0.15, 0.04, and 1.08 mg/kg, respectively. Based on the metagenomic analysis, the salami sausage group YL-1 shows a high count of LAB strains mainly Lactobacillus rhamnosus accounting for 76.81% gene count over H1-5 salami. Through species and function contribution analysis, it was confirmed that YL-1 contributes to most of the metabolic functions including amino acid, carbohydrate, and lipid biosynthesis pathways based on the gene set analysis on the KEGG pathway. A total of 10 genes regulating metabolism and enzymes were obtained from YL-1 gene mining. Other metabolic pathways including valine, leucine, and isoleucine degradation, phenylalanine metabolism, and toluene degradation contribute to aromatic amino acids increase in the YL-1 sausage sample. It shows that YL-1 contributes high functional application in sausage fermentation and can be used as a potential key object in subsequent research to further clarify its functional application.

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引用次数: 0
Antioxidant, Antibacteria, and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Cordyceps militaris Extracts and Their Bioactive Compounds
IF 3.5 2区 农林科学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-12-23 DOI: 10.1155/jfbc/1862818
Thida Kaewkod, Pornpimon Ngamsaoad, Kanok-orn Mayer, Nitsanat Cheepchirasuk, Itthayakorn Promputtha, Yingmanee Tragoolpua

This study presents the bioactive compounds, antioxidant, antibacteria, and anti-inflammation of C. militaris fruiting body (FB) and FB with substrate (FBS). C. militaris FB and FBS were extracted by water, ethanol, and methanol. The chemical composition analysis of C. militaris extracts from FB and FBS showed bioactive compounds including adenosine, cordycepin, and carotenoids using HPLC. Moreover, the aqueous extract of FB and FBS showed the highest antioxidant activity against DPPH and ABTS radicals, supported by the presence of adenosine, cordycepin, and carotenoid compounds. Moreover, the ethanolic and methanolic extracts of C. militaris and the bioactive compounds, cordycepin and carotenoids, exhibited the greatest bactericidal activity against enteric pathogenic bacteria. In addition, C. militaris extracts and bioactive compounds were confirmed as new agents to prevent the adhesion and invasion of enteric pathogenic bacteria on Caco-2 colon cells. This finding also demonstrated the anti-inflammatory activity found in the aqueous extract of C. militaris and bioactive compounds on the LPS-stimulated Caco-2 cell model, which had the efficacy to suppress inflammatory moderators including iNos, Cox-2, NF-κB, TNF-α, AP-1, TLR-4, IL-1ß, and IL-6. Therefore, C. militaris extract and its bioactive compounds, cordycepin and carotenoids, impeded the adhesion and invasion of enteric pathogenic bacteria on colonic epithelial cells and also promoted anti-inflammation mechanisms. This study attests to C. militaris as an alternative therapeutic agent to prevent enteric pathogenic bacterial infection and inflammation due to its proven health benefits and high level of antioxidants.

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引用次数: 0
Phytochemical Investigation and Biological Activities of Ruta chalepensis Methanolic Extract: Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, Anticollagenase, and Antielastase Properties
IF 3.5 2区 农林科学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-12-22 DOI: 10.1155/jfbc/9921218
Arwa R. Althaher, Sawsan A. Oran, Yazun Jarrar

Ruta chalepensis has long been recognized in traditional medicine for its diverse pharmacological properties. The primary aim of this study was to analyze the phytochemical composition and evaluate the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticollagenase, and antielastase activities of the methanolic extract derived from R. chalepensis. The extract was subjected to phytochemical screening using LC-MS analysis. For evaluation of the antioxidant activity, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) assays were used. The anti-inflammatory properties of the extract were investigated using a protein denaturation bioassay. Finally, fluorometric screening kits assessed the anticollagenase and antielastase activities. The phytochemical screening identified 33 compounds, the dominant being 3,3′,4,5,7-pentahydroxyflavone (9.4%), and myricetin (8.9%). The extract showed antioxidant activity, with IC50 values of 30.1 μg/mL for the DPPH assay and 25.4 μg/mL for the ABTS assay. Moreover, the extract displayed significant inhibition of protein denaturation across a range of concentrations. Additionally, the methanolic extract exhibited a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on collagenase and elastase activities. The highest concentration tested, 5%, achieved 41.7% for collagenase inhibition and 62.4% for elastase inhibition. In summary, the methanolic extract of R. chalepensis showcases promising antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activities, hinting at its potential for a wide array of therapeutic applications.

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引用次数: 0
Enhancing the Phenolic Profile and Antioxidant Potency of Finger Millet Gruels Through Lactic Acid Fermentation and Incorporation 通过乳酸发酵和添加提高手指小米粥的酚类物质含量和抗氧化能力
IF 3.5 2区 农林科学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-12-19 DOI: 10.1155/jfbc/9488604
John Lubaale, Kwaku G. Duodu

This study evaluated the effects of souring (fermenting using Lactobacillus plantarum and back-slopped inoculum and lactic acid acidification) and cooking of finger millet on phenolic content, radical scavenging properties, and inhibition of oxidative DNA damage in finger millet. Fermentation with Lactobacillus plantarum and back-slopped inoculum, and lactic acid acidification significantly increased the total phenolic content and radical scavenging properties of finger millet extracts, whereas cooking resulted in the reduction of these bioactive properties. Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) analysis confirmed the presence of phenolic acids, flavonoids, and proanthocyanidins in finger millet extracts. Both total phenolic acids and total flavonoids were elevated by fermentation (back-slopped inoculum and Lactobacillus plantarum inoculated) and lactic acid acidification but diminished by cooking. Notably, extracts from both unsoured and soured finger millet flour and gruel demonstrated protective properties against DNA damage. These findings suggest that souring enhances the phenolic content and antioxidant properties of finger millet, underscoring the potential of soured finger millet gruels for health promotion.

本研究评价了五指谷子的发酵(用植物乳杆菌和背灌菌发酵和乳酸酸化)和蒸煮对五指谷子酚类物质含量、自由基清除能力和DNA氧化损伤抑制能力的影响。用植物乳杆菌和后倒接种物发酵和乳酸酸化显著提高了指粟提取物的总酚含量和自由基清除能力,而蒸煮则降低了这些生物活性。液相色谱-质谱联用分析证实了小米提取物中存在酚酸、黄酮类化合物和原花青素。总酚酸和总黄酮均因发酵(后斜接种和接种植物乳杆菌)和乳酸酸化而升高,但因蒸煮而降低。值得注意的是,从未发酵和发酵的小米粉和粥中提取的提取物显示出对DNA损伤的保护作用。这些研究结果表明,酸味提高了小米粥的酚类含量和抗氧化性能,强调了酸味小米粥促进健康的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
A Review on the Application of Traditional to Modern Approaches of Chinese Herbal Veterinary Medicines: Current Status and Challenges 中草药兽药传统方法与现代方法的应用综述:现状与挑战
IF 3.5 2区 农林科学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-12-19 DOI: 10.1155/jfbc/5801408
Fangbing Xu, Yecheng Yao, Yifan Li, Weiming Wang, Zhiyong Wu

Chinese herbal medicine, a cornerstone of traditional medical practices, possesses the potential to make a significant impact on international veterinary care. For these ancient therapeutic methods to be seamlessly integrated into contemporary healthcare, they must undergo thorough research and stringent validation. The rapid advancements in the biotechnology field have propelled the modernization of the Chinese medicine industry, leading to remarkable progress and innovation. This study aims to dissect the distinctions and intersections in the utilization of Chinese herbal medicine between the veterinary and human healthcare sectors. It seeks to understand how these applications can be adapted to enhance veterinary practices on an international scale. The findings of this review underscore the disparities and synergies between Chinese herbal medicine in veterinary and human medicine. It brings to light the unique challenges and opportunities that arise from the adaptation of these treatments in a veterinary context. To sum up, this article emphasizes the application prospect of Chinese veterinary medicine and challenges and puts forward the strategy to cope with the complexity of the strategic direction and development. It advocates for an interdisciplinary approach and the adoption of novel technologies to further the field.

中草药是传统医学实践的基石,具有对国际兽医保健产生重大影响的潜力。为了将这些古老的治疗方法无缝地整合到现代医疗保健中,它们必须经过彻底的研究和严格的验证。生物技术领域的快速发展推动了中药产业的现代化,取得了显著的进步和创新。本研究旨在剖析中草药在兽医和人类保健部门之间使用的区别和交叉点。它旨在了解如何调整这些应用程序,以加强国际范围内的兽医实践。本综述的研究结果强调了中草药在兽药和人药中的差异和协同作用。它揭示了在兽医环境中适应这些治疗方法所带来的独特挑战和机遇。综上所述,本文强调了中国兽药的应用前景和面临的挑战,并提出了应对复杂性的战略方向和发展策略。它提倡跨学科的方法和采用新技术来推动该领域的发展。
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引用次数: 0
Gelatin Extracted From Yanbian Cattle Skin Suppresses LPS-Induced Inflammation in RAW264.7 Cells 延边牛皮肤明胶对lps诱导的RAW264.7细胞炎症的抑制作用
IF 3.5 2区 农林科学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-12-18 DOI: 10.1155/jfbc/3820456
Xuanying Xin, Yihui Liu, Huaina Jin, Zhaohui Ruan, Seong-Ho Choi, Sungkwon Park, Sun Jin Hur, Xiangzi Li

Objective: To develop an efficient method for extracting gelatin from Yanbian cattle skin and to study its anti-inflammatory effects.

Methods: Gelatin was extracted using enzymatic hydrolysis and water extraction techniques. The basic structures of the prepared gelatin were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy, amino acid analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). LPS established the RAW264.7 cell inflammation model in vitro. The therapeutic dose range of gelatin, which did not exhibit significant cytotoxicity, was determined using the CCK-8 assay for subsequent experiments. The nitric oxide (NO) content was measured using the Griess method. The content of proinflammatory cytokines was determined using ELISA. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were detected using the DCFH-DA fluorescent probe method, and oxidative stress–related indicators were measured using a kit. The mRNA expression levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and proinflammatory cytokines were detected using qRT-PCR. Western blot (WB) was used to detect the protein expression of iNOS and COX-2 in each group.

Results: Characteristic absorption peaks of gelatin were observed in the FT-IR and UV spectra. Additionally, gelatin from Yanbian cattle skin significantly reduced NO content in cells, decreased the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, inhibited ROS generation, reduced oxidative stress–related indicators, significantly lowered the mRNA expression levels of iNOS, COX-2, and proinflammatory cytokines in cells, and significantly reduced the protein expression of COX-2 and iNOS.

Conclusion: Enzymatic hydrolysis and water extraction efficiently prepare gelatin from Yanbian cattle skin. This gelatin can inhibit LPS-induced inflammation in RAW264.7 cells, potentially by inhibiting the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and ameliorating oxidative stress.

目的开发从延边牛皮中提取明胶的有效方法,并研究其抗炎作用。 方法:采用酶水解和水提取技术提取明胶:采用酶水解和水提取技术提取明胶。使用傅立叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、紫外光谱(UV)、氨基酸分析、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和基质辅助激光解吸/电离飞行时间质谱(MALDI-TOF MS)分析制备的明胶的基本结构。LPS 在体外建立了 RAW264.7 细胞炎症模型。在随后的实验中,使用 CCK-8 检测法确定了明胶的治疗剂量范围,明胶不会表现出明显的细胞毒性。一氧化氮(NO)含量是用格里耶斯法测定的。促炎细胞因子的含量采用 ELISA 法测定。使用 DCFH-DA 荧光探针法检测活性氧(ROS)水平,并使用试剂盒测定氧化应激相关指标。使用 qRT-PCR 检测诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)、环氧化酶-2(COX-2)和促炎细胞因子的 mRNA 表达水平。用 Western blot (WB) 检测各组 iNOS 和 COX-2 的蛋白表达。 结果在傅立叶变换红外光谱和紫外光谱中观察到明胶的特征吸收峰。此外,延边牛皮明胶还能显著降低细胞中的 NO 含量,减少促炎细胞因子的分泌,抑制 ROS 的产生,降低氧化应激相关指标,显著降低细胞中 iNOS、COX-2 和促炎细胞因子的 mRNA 表达水平,并显著降低 COX-2 和 iNOS 的蛋白表达。 结论从延边牛皮中酶水解和水提取可高效制备明胶。这种明胶可抑制 LPS 诱导的 RAW264.7 细胞炎症,其潜在作用是抑制促炎细胞因子的分泌和改善氧化应激。
{"title":"Gelatin Extracted From Yanbian Cattle Skin Suppresses LPS-Induced Inflammation in RAW264.7 Cells","authors":"Xuanying Xin,&nbsp;Yihui Liu,&nbsp;Huaina Jin,&nbsp;Zhaohui Ruan,&nbsp;Seong-Ho Choi,&nbsp;Sungkwon Park,&nbsp;Sun Jin Hur,&nbsp;Xiangzi Li","doi":"10.1155/jfbc/3820456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/jfbc/3820456","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p><b>Objective:</b> To develop an efficient method for extracting gelatin from Yanbian cattle skin and to study its anti-inflammatory effects.</p>\u0000 <p><b>Methods:</b> Gelatin was extracted using enzymatic hydrolysis and water extraction techniques. The basic structures of the prepared gelatin were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy, amino acid analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). LPS established the RAW264.7 cell inflammation model in vitro. The therapeutic dose range of gelatin, which did not exhibit significant cytotoxicity, was determined using the CCK-8 assay for subsequent experiments. The nitric oxide (NO) content was measured using the Griess method. The content of proinflammatory cytokines was determined using ELISA. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were detected using the DCFH-DA fluorescent probe method, and oxidative stress–related indicators were measured using a kit. The mRNA expression levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and proinflammatory cytokines were detected using qRT-PCR. Western blot (WB) was used to detect the protein expression of iNOS and COX-2 in each group.</p>\u0000 <p><b>Results:</b> Characteristic absorption peaks of gelatin were observed in the FT-IR and UV spectra. Additionally, gelatin from Yanbian cattle skin significantly reduced NO content in cells, decreased the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, inhibited ROS generation, reduced oxidative stress–related indicators, significantly lowered the mRNA expression levels of iNOS, COX-2, and proinflammatory cytokines in cells, and significantly reduced the protein expression of COX-2 and iNOS.</p>\u0000 <p><b>Conclusion:</b> Enzymatic hydrolysis and water extraction efficiently prepare gelatin from Yanbian cattle skin. This gelatin can inhibit LPS-induced inflammation in RAW264.7 cells, potentially by inhibiting the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and ameliorating oxidative stress.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15802,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Biochemistry","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/jfbc/3820456","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142861760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Biochemical Impact of Nickel-Induced Metabolic Impairment and the Protective Effects of Resveratrol and Ascorbic Acid 镍诱导代谢损伤的生化影响及白藜芦醇和抗坏血酸的保护作用
IF 3.5 2区 农林科学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-12-18 DOI: 10.1155/jfbc/8607956
Ali Feezan, Samina Afzal, Syed Muhammad Shoaib, Kanwal Rehman, Amjad Hussain, Muhammad Sajid Hamid Akash, Mudassar Shahid, Bushra Sadaf

Nickel exposure is known to induce oxidative stress and inflammation and disrupt critical metabolic pathways, leading to hepatic dysfunction and impaired glucose regulation. This study aimed to evaluate the biochemical effects of nickel-induced metabolic impairments in an animal model, using a variety of techniques, including ELISA and instrumental analysis, with a specific focus on the expression of key genes involved in insulin regulation and glucose homeostasis. The experiment included four groups: Control, Nickel-exposed, Nickel-exposed with standard treatment (ascorbic acid, AA), and Nickel-exposed with resveratrol (RSV). Serum nickel levels, measured via ICP-MS, showed a significant increase in the exposed group, with a mean value of 125.74 ± 6.20 ppb. The analysis of various metabolic biomarkers demonstrated that nickel exposure resulted in hyperglycemia, elevated HOMA-IR, HbA1c, and DPP-4, increased level of inflammatory cytokines, altered lipid profiles, and impaired liver and kidney function. Nickel exposure triggered inflammation, disrupted carbohydrate metabolism, induced oxidative stress, and altered the expression of genes related to hepatic inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and glucose and lipid metabolism. These changes culminated in mitochondrial dysfunction, impaired glucose metabolism, and insulin resistance, as evidenced by reduced expression of GLUT-2 and GCK—genes critical for glucose uptake and insulin secretion. Elevated serum levels of amino acids, such as glutamate and valine, further indicated disruptions in amino acid metabolism and oxidative stress. Therapeutic interventions with AA and RSV demonstrated significant protective effects: Both compounds mitigated oxidative stress, reduced inflammatory cytokines, and restored normal expression levels of GCK and GLUT-2, improving glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity. Additionally, AA and RSV alleviated mitochondrial dysfunction, suppressing the overexpression of UCP2, a protein linked to impaired energy metabolism. Serum amino acid levels were also normalized, highlighting their role in reestablishing metabolic balance. In conclusion, this study highlights the therapeutic potential of AA and RSV in mitigating nickel-induced hepatic and metabolic disturbances. These findings emphasize the importance of addressing oxidative stress and inflammation in metabolic disorders and position RSV as promising candidate for restoring metabolic homeostasis. Further research is warranted to elucidate the precise molecular mechanisms underlying their protective effects.

已知镍暴露会诱导氧化应激和炎症,破坏关键的代谢途径,导致肝功能障碍和葡萄糖调节受损。本研究旨在利用ELISA和仪器分析等多种技术,在动物模型中评估镍诱导的代谢损伤的生化效应,特别关注参与胰岛素调节和葡萄糖稳态的关键基因的表达。实验分为四组:对照组、镍暴露组、镍暴露标准处理组(抗坏血酸AA)和镍暴露白藜芦醇(RSV)。通过ICP-MS测定血清镍水平,暴露组血清镍水平显著升高,平均值为125.74±6.20 ppb。各种代谢生物标志物的分析表明,镍暴露导致高血糖、HOMA-IR、HbA1c和DPP-4升高,炎症细胞因子水平升高,脂质谱改变,肝肾功能受损。镍暴露引发炎症,破坏碳水化合物代谢,诱导氧化应激,并改变与肝脏炎症、内质网应激和糖脂代谢相关的基因表达。这些变化最终导致线粒体功能障碍、葡萄糖代谢受损和胰岛素抵抗,这可以通过对葡萄糖摄取和胰岛素分泌至关重要的GLUT-2和gck基因的表达减少来证明。血清中谷氨酸和缬氨酸等氨基酸水平升高,进一步表明氨基酸代谢和氧化应激受到破坏。AA和RSV治疗干预显示出显著的保护作用:两种化合物均可减轻氧化应激,降低炎症因子,恢复正常的GCK和GLUT-2表达水平,改善葡萄糖代谢和胰岛素敏感性。此外,AA和RSV减轻线粒体功能障碍,抑制UCP2的过表达,UCP2是一种与能量代谢受损相关的蛋白质。血清氨基酸水平也恢复正常,突出了它们在重建代谢平衡中的作用。总之,本研究强调了AA和RSV在减轻镍诱导的肝脏和代谢紊乱方面的治疗潜力。这些发现强调了在代谢紊乱中解决氧化应激和炎症的重要性,并将RSV定位为恢复代谢稳态的有希望的候选者。需要进一步的研究来阐明其保护作用的确切分子机制。
{"title":"Biochemical Impact of Nickel-Induced Metabolic Impairment and the Protective Effects of Resveratrol and Ascorbic Acid","authors":"Ali Feezan,&nbsp;Samina Afzal,&nbsp;Syed Muhammad Shoaib,&nbsp;Kanwal Rehman,&nbsp;Amjad Hussain,&nbsp;Muhammad Sajid Hamid Akash,&nbsp;Mudassar Shahid,&nbsp;Bushra Sadaf","doi":"10.1155/jfbc/8607956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/jfbc/8607956","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Nickel exposure is known to induce oxidative stress and inflammation and disrupt critical metabolic pathways, leading to hepatic dysfunction and impaired glucose regulation. This study aimed to evaluate the biochemical effects of nickel-induced metabolic impairments in an animal model, using a variety of techniques, including ELISA and instrumental analysis, with a specific focus on the expression of key genes involved in insulin regulation and glucose homeostasis. The experiment included four groups: Control, Nickel-exposed, Nickel-exposed with standard treatment (ascorbic acid, AA), and Nickel-exposed with resveratrol (RSV). Serum nickel levels, measured via ICP-MS, showed a significant increase in the exposed group, with a mean value of 125.74 ± 6.20 ppb. The analysis of various metabolic biomarkers demonstrated that nickel exposure resulted in hyperglycemia, elevated HOMA-IR, HbA1c, and DPP-4, increased level of inflammatory cytokines, altered lipid profiles, and impaired liver and kidney function. Nickel exposure triggered inflammation, disrupted carbohydrate metabolism, induced oxidative stress, and altered the expression of genes related to hepatic inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and glucose and lipid metabolism. These changes culminated in mitochondrial dysfunction, impaired glucose metabolism, and insulin resistance, as evidenced by reduced expression of GLUT-2 and GCK—genes critical for glucose uptake and insulin secretion. Elevated serum levels of amino acids, such as glutamate and valine, further indicated disruptions in amino acid metabolism and oxidative stress. Therapeutic interventions with AA and RSV demonstrated significant protective effects: Both compounds mitigated oxidative stress, reduced inflammatory cytokines, and restored normal expression levels of GCK and GLUT-2, improving glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity. Additionally, AA and RSV alleviated mitochondrial dysfunction, suppressing the overexpression of UCP2, a protein linked to impaired energy metabolism. Serum amino acid levels were also normalized, highlighting their role in reestablishing metabolic balance. In conclusion, this study highlights the therapeutic potential of AA and RSV in mitigating nickel-induced hepatic and metabolic disturbances. These findings emphasize the importance of addressing oxidative stress and inflammation in metabolic disorders and position RSV as promising candidate for restoring metabolic homeostasis. Further research is warranted to elucidate the precise molecular mechanisms underlying their protective effects.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15802,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Biochemistry","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/jfbc/8607956","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142861807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of Thickening Additives and Heat Pump Drying Temperature on Probiotics (Lactobacillus casei) and Physicochemical Properties of Mango Powders 增稠添加剂和热泵干燥温度对芒果粉中益生菌(干酪乳杆菌)和理化性质的影响
IF 3.5 2区 农林科学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-12-09 DOI: 10.1155/jfbc/4927067
Nhi Yen Thi Tran, Phat Dao Tan, Nguyen Huu Nghia, Dang Be Nhu, Ngoc Duc Vu, Quy Ngoc Nguyen, Tien Minh Nguyen, Long Bao Huynh, Phong Xuan Huynh, Tung Xuan Tan Nguyen

Mango powders were supplemented with probiotics and then subjected to heat pump drying. The study evaluated the physicochemical, biochemical, and probiotic properties of the resulting mango powders. Through the effects of thickening additives type (sodium alginate and Arabic gum), concentration and drying temperature have been shown to have a direct effect on the objective functions of interest. The results showed that the foam stability increased approximately 2.14 times (MPD-S), the solubility of powders tended to be similar to 67.65 ± 0.40%, while microbial density decreased and remained within the allowable limit of 6.9 × 106 CFU/mL (MPD-G). Through heat pump drying, these values were drastically reduced. The mango powders were mixed for a second time to improve the organoleptic values and showed commercial viability with a score greater than 11.2.

在芒果粉中添加益生菌,然后进行热泵干燥。该研究评估了所得到的芒果粉的理化、生化和益生菌特性。通过增稠剂类型(海藻酸钠和阿拉伯胶)的影响,浓度和干燥温度对感兴趣的目标函数有直接影响。结果表明,泡沫稳定性提高了约2.14倍(MPD-S),粉末的溶解度趋于接近67.65±0.40%,而微生物密度下降,保持在6.9 × 106 CFU/mL (MPD-G)的允许范围内。通过热泵干燥,这些值大大降低。将芒果粉进行第二次混合,以提高感官值,并显示出商业可行性,得分大于11.2。
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引用次数: 0
Iranian Medicinal Plants in Diabetes Management: A Narrative Review of Traditional Herbal Remedies and Their Hypoglycemic Effects 伊朗药用植物在糖尿病管理:传统草药及其降糖作用的叙述综述
IF 3.5 2区 农林科学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-12-03 DOI: 10.1155/jfbc/6694085
Mohammad Reza Afsharmanesh, Zeinab Mohammadi, Seyyed Mehdi Jafari

Diabetes mellitus is a significant global health concern, especially in Iran. Currently, numerous oral antihyperglycemic agents and insulin are prescribed to manage diabetes. Historically, in Middle Eastern countries, medicinal herbals were used to manage diabetes in patients. Furthermore, the adverse effects of some diabetes management drugs provide an eager potential for researchers to find novel alternative treatments that reduce the side effects and also increase their efficacy. In addition, the rich history of Iranian traditional medicine reveals the vital role of traditional herbals and their compounds in treating and mitigating diabetes mellitus and its associated complications. Several studies conducted to investigate the hypoglycemic properties related to these plant species. In this narrative review, we aimed at a comprehensive study of Iranian plant species with antidiabetic properties through experimental evidence. Our review illustrated that the traditional herbal active ingredients are not well-defined, limiting their standardization. Current efforts focus on identifying these components to improve their therapeutic efficacy.

糖尿病是一个重大的全球健康问题,特别是在伊朗。目前,许多口服抗高血糖药物和胰岛素被用于治疗糖尿病。历史上,在中东国家,草药被用来治疗糖尿病患者。此外,一些糖尿病治疗药物的不良反应为研究人员提供了一个迫切的潜力,以寻找新的替代治疗方法,减少副作用,并提高其疗效。此外,伊朗传统医学的丰富历史揭示了传统草药及其化合物在治疗和减轻糖尿病及其相关并发症方面的重要作用。一些研究对这些植物的降糖特性进行了调查。在本文中,我们旨在通过实验证据对伊朗植物抗糖尿病特性进行全面研究。我们的综述表明,传统的草药有效成分定义不明确,限制了其标准化。目前的工作重点是识别这些成分以提高其治疗效果。
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引用次数: 0
Antifatigue Effects of Deer-Hide Gelatin on Mice by Regulating Nrf2/Keap1 and AMPK/PGC1α Signaling Pathways and Intestinal Flora 鹿皮明胶通过调节Nrf2/Keap1和AMPK/PGC1α信号通路及肠道菌群对小鼠的抗疲劳作用
IF 3.5 2区 农林科学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-12-02 DOI: 10.1155/jfbc/6652369
Yuan Chang, Lulu Zhang, Zixuan Nie, Yixiang Miao, Tianzhu Jia, Ji Shi, Pengpeng Liu

Objective: This study investigated the antifatigue effects of deer-hide gelatin (DHG) and its mechanism in mice through a weight-loaded swimming experiment.

Methods: The subjects were assigned to the blank group (BC), positive group (PC), model group (MC), and high, medium, and low doses of DHG groups (HP, MP, and LP). After 4 weeks of treatment, the subjects were sacrificed to detect fatigue-related biochemical indicators and the protein and mRNA expressions of Nrf2/Keap1 and AMPK/PGC1α pathways. The morphological changes of skeletal muscle were detected. High-throughput sequencing technology was used to detect the changes in the relative abundance of intestinal flora and the content of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in tired subjects.

Results: Compared with MC, DHG could prolong the exhaustion time of weight-loaded swimming mice; reduce the CK, BUN, lactic acid, MDA, 5-HT, and GABA levels; and increase the LDH, SOD, CAT, Glycogen, MG, BG, ACH, and Glu levels. Moreover, DHG increased the protein and mRNA expression of Nrf2, HO-1, AMPK, PGC1α, and P-AMPK and reduced the protein and mRNA expression of Keap1. The 16S rDNA sequencing analysis also showed that DHG regulated the abundance of intestinal microbiota and the content of SCFAs and increased the growth of beneficial bacteria.

Conclusions: DHG exhibited antifatigue effects on mice by activating Nrf2/Keap1 and AMPK/PGC1α pathways, reducing oxidative stress damage, and enhancing mitochondrial energy supply. The study’s findings confirmed the considerable antioxidant and antifatigue activities of DHG, providing a preliminary foundation and practical theory for the further development of DHG as a nutritional supplement.

目的:通过负重游泳实验研究鹿皮明胶(DHG)对小鼠的抗疲劳作用及其机制。方法:将小鼠分为空白组(BC)、阳性组(PC)、模型组(MC)和DHG高、中、低剂量组(HP、MP、LP)。治疗4周后处死受试者,检测疲劳相关生化指标及Nrf2/Keap1、AMPK/PGC1α通路蛋白和mRNA表达。观察大鼠骨骼肌形态学变化。采用高通量测序技术检测疲劳受试者肠道菌群相对丰度和短链脂肪酸(SCFAs)含量的变化。结果:与MC相比,DHG能延长负重游泳小鼠的疲劳时间;降低CK、BUN、乳酸、MDA、5-羟色胺和GABA水平;提高LDH、SOD、CAT、糖原、MG、BG、乙酰胆碱和谷氨酸水平。DHG增加了Nrf2、HO-1、AMPK、PGC1α和P-AMPK蛋白和mRNA的表达,降低了Keap1蛋白和mRNA的表达。16S rDNA测序分析也表明,DHG调节肠道菌群丰度和SCFAs含量,促进有益菌生长。结论:DHG通过激活Nrf2/Keap1和AMPK/PGC1α通路,减轻氧化应激损伤,增强线粒体能量供应,对小鼠具有抗疲劳作用。本研究结果证实了DHG具有较强的抗氧化和抗疲劳活性,为DHG作为营养补充剂的进一步开发提供了初步的基础和实用理论。
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Journal of Food Biochemistry
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