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Impact of yoga-based interventions on cognitive and autonomic functions in major depressive disorder population. 瑜伽干预对重度抑郁障碍人群认知和自律功能的影响。
IF 1.1 Q4 PRIMARY HEALTH CARE Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_362_24
Sunidhi Sharma, Sudhanshu Kacker, Neha Saboo

Background: Cognitive and autonomic dysfunction is increasingly being recognized as an important clinical dimension in major depressive disorder.

Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of a combined approach of yoga and diet intervention on cognitive and autonomic functions in individuals with major depressive disorders.

Methods: This experimental observational study was conducted at RUHS College of Medical Sciences and Associated Hospitals, Jaipur, on the major depressive disorder population of either sex cognitive function (mini-mental score, Montreal cognitive protocol A and B, P300 latency and amplitude) and autonomic function parameters (frequency and time domain) were recorded at baseline and after three months of a combined approach of yoga and diet intervention.

Results: This study compared cognitive and autonomic function parameters at baseline and after three months of yoga and diet intervention in a major depressive disorder population. Analysis revealed a significant decrease in body mass index (<0.05), systolic blood pressure (<0.001), Hamilton rating scale for depression (<0.001), P300 latency (<0.001), standard deviation of NN interval (SDNN) (<0.001), and mean heart rate (<0.001), whereas there was a significant increase in mini-mental score (<0.001), Montreal cognitive protocol A and B (<0.001), high frequency (HF) (<0.001), root mean square standard deviation (RMSSD) (<0.001), and PNN50 (<0.001) after a combined approach of yoga and diet in the study group as compared to control group participants.

Conclusions: Yoga and diet combined may be an effective adjunct therapy for improving brain health and mental performance, lowering the risk of depression by affecting the neurotransmitter system and raising vagal tone which contributes to learning and memory.

背景:目的:本研究旨在评估瑜伽和饮食干预相结合的方法对重度抑郁症患者认知和自律神经功能的影响:这项实验性观察研究在斋浦尔 RUHS 医学院和附属医院进行,研究对象为重度抑郁症患者,男女不限。研究人员分别在基线期和瑜伽与饮食联合干预三个月后记录了认知功能(迷你心理评分、蒙特利尔认知协议 A 和 B、P300 潜伏期和振幅)和自律神经功能参数(频率和时域):本研究比较了重度抑郁症患者在接受瑜伽和饮食干预三个月后的认知和自律神经功能参数。分析表明,体重指数明显下降(结论:瑜伽与饮食相结合可能会对抑郁症患者产生积极的影响:瑜伽和饮食相结合可能是一种有效的辅助疗法,可通过影响神经递质系统和提高迷走神经张力(迷走神经张力有助于学习和记忆)来改善大脑健康和精神状态,降低抑郁症风险。
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引用次数: 0
The association between smartphone addiction and thumb/wrist pain among medical students of Jazan University, Saudi Arabia, A cross-sectional study. 沙特阿拉伯贾赞大学医学生使用智能手机成瘾与拇指/手腕疼痛之间的关系,一项横断面研究。
IF 1.1 Q4 PRIMARY HEALTH CARE Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1581_23
Zenat Ahmed Khired, Sultan M Alhazmi, Bandar I Mokli, Asma H Alhazmi, Khalid A Muafa, Nawaf E Bakri, Ali J Hakami, Fatmah O Alshekh, Amani A Mosleh, Rawdah A Baeshen, Feras I Alhazmi

Background: The past decade has witnessed a revolution in smartphones owing to their growing importance and various applications. However, excessive usage can lead to addiction and joint pain in the wrist/thumb area. Despite these negative effects, smartphones offer medical students access to the resources they need.

Objective: To determine the association between smartphone addiction and thumb/wrist pain among undergraduate students of Jazan University.

Methods: A cross-sectional self-administrated, online survey and online convenience sample technique was used. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS Software.

Results: This survey included 337 participants, of which two-thirds were female (66.8%) and the rest male (33.2%); 32.6% of the respondents were studying in the College of Medicine. Of the 337 participants, 32% reported experiencing pain in their wrists or at the back of their neck while using a smartphone. The study found an average Smartphone Addition Scale-Short Version (SAS-SV) score of 32.5 ± 8.0 out of 50 and a total Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation score of 48.8 ± 14.7, with a pain score of 13.3 ± 11.0 and a function score of 35.5 ± 11.7. The study also revealed a significant association between smartphone addiction and thumb/wrist pain (P value = 0.029), with females and students of the College of Applied Medical Science associated with higher SAS-SV scores, thereby indicating higher smartphone addiction.

Conclusion: Significant correlation exists between smartphone addiction and thumb/wirst pain among medical students of Jazan University.

背景:过去十年间,智能手机的重要性与日俱增,各种应用也层出不穷,见证了智能手机的一场革命。然而,过度使用智能手机会导致成瘾和手腕/拇指部位的关节疼痛。尽管存在这些负面影响,但智能手机为医学生提供了获取所需资源的途径:确定贾占大学本科生使用智能手机成瘾与拇指/手腕疼痛之间的关联:采用横断面自我管理、在线调查和在线便利抽样技术。采用 SPSS 软件对收集到的数据进行分析:本次调查包括 337 名参与者,其中三分之二为女性(66.8%),其余为男性(33.2%);32.6% 的受访者就读于医学院。在 337 名参与者中,32% 的人表示在使用智能手机时手腕或后颈部会感到疼痛。研究发现,智能手机附加量表-简版(SAS-SV)的平均得分为 32.5 ± 8.0(满分 50 分),患者评定的腕部评估总分为 48.8 ± 14.7,其中疼痛得分为 13.3 ± 11.0,功能得分为 35.5 ± 11.7。研究还发现,智能手机成瘾与拇指/手腕疼痛之间存在明显关联(P 值 = 0.029),女性和应用医学科学学院学生的 SAS-SV 分数较高,从而表明智能手机成瘾程度较高:结论:贾赞大学医学生的智能手机成瘾与拇指/手腕疼痛之间存在显著相关性。
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引用次数: 0
Mental health challenges within the LGBTQ community: A societal imperative. LGBTQ 群体面临的心理健康挑战:社会的当务之急。
IF 1.1 Q4 PRIMARY HEALTH CARE Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_321_24
Aman Shaikh, Prafull Kamble, Vandana Daulatabad, Anish Singhal, U Madhusudhan, Nitin Ashok John

The LGBTQ community faces specific stressors rooted in societal discrimination, bias, and marginalization, impacting mental health significantly. Persistent discrimination, exclusion, and heteronormative expectations are identified as social determinants that contribute to heightened stress levels, resulting in increased rates of anxiety, depression, and suicidality. Moreover, the COVID-19 pandemic has also severely affected the physical and mental health of a large percentage of the population, particularly impacting the health of marginalized individuals such as LGBT individuals. Studies consistently reveal alarming mental health disparities between LGBTQ individuals and their heterosexual counterparts, with elevated rates of mood disorders, substance abuse, and self-harm. Transgender individuals, in particular, face unique challenges, including high rates of gender dysphoria and discrimination-induced mental distress. The concept of intersectionality within the LGBTQ community emphasizes the compounded burden faced by individuals with multiple marginalized identities, necessitating tailored mental health strategies. The societal context, including legal and policy frameworks, plays a pivotal role in shaping the mental health and scope for LGBTQ individuals. Supportive frameworks, such as anti-discrimination laws, marriage equality, and healthcare policies, contribute to societal acceptance and individual well-being. Additionally, efforts to destigmatize LGBTQ identities, comprehensive sex education, and public awareness campaigns challenging stereotypes are crucial for fostering a more inclusive societal mindset. Establishing robust support networks within the LGBTQ community, including initiatives providing mental health resources, counseling, community spaces, and allyship programs, is vital for community resilience. These efforts not only contribute to the well-being of individuals within the LGBTQ community but also work toward creating a more inclusive society. In conclusion, addressing mental health challenges within the LGBTQ community requires a multifaceted approach involving societal understanding, legal support, destigmatization efforts, and robust community resources. By acknowledging and comprehending the unique struggles faced by the LGBTQ community, society can collectively work toward building a more compassionate, supportive, and inclusive environment for all individuals, irrespective of their sexual orientation or gender identity.

女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋和变性者群体面临着社会歧视、偏见和边缘化带来的特殊压力,对他们的心理健康产生了重大影响。持续的歧视、排斥和异性恋期望被认为是导致压力水平升高的社会决定因素,从而导致焦虑、抑郁和自杀率上升。此外,COVID-19 大流行还严重影响了很大一部分人的身心健康,尤其是影响了 LGBT 等边缘化人群的健康。研究不断揭示出 LGBTQ 与异性恋之间令人震惊的心理健康差异,情绪障碍、药物滥用和自我伤害的发生率都有所上升。变性人尤其面临着独特的挑战,包括高发的性别焦虑症和歧视导致的精神痛苦。女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋和变性者群体中的交叉性概念强调了具有多重边缘化身份的个人所面临的复杂负担,因此有必要制定有针对性的心理健康策略。社会环境,包括法律和政策框架,在塑造 LGBTQ 个人的心理健康和范围方面起着举足轻重的作用。支持性框架,如反歧视法、婚姻平等和医疗保健政策,有助于社会接受和个人福祉。此外,努力消除 LGBTQ 身份的污名化、开展全面的性教育、开展挑战陈规定型观念的公共宣传活动,对于培养更具包容性的社会心态至关重要。在 LGBTQ 社区内建立强大的支持网络,包括提供心理健康资源、咨询、社区空间和盟友计划等举措,对于社区的复原力至关重要。这些努力不仅有助于 LGBTQ 群体中个人的福祉,也有助于创建一个更具包容性的社会。总之,应对 LGBTQ 群体的心理健康挑战需要采取多方面的方法,包括社会理解、法律支持、消除污名化的努力以及强大的社区资源。通过承认和理解 LGBTQ 群体所面临的独特困境,社会可以共同致力于为所有人(无论其性取向或性别认同如何)建立一个更具同情心、支持性和包容性的环境。
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引用次数: 0
The prevalence of short inter-pregnancy interval and its associated risk factors among women attending primary health care centers of NGHA in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study. 在沙特阿拉伯吉达 NGHA 初级卫生保健中心就诊的妇女中,孕间隔期短的发生率及其相关风险因素:一项横断面研究。
IF 1.1 Q4 PRIMARY HEALTH CARE Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_549_24
Rawan A Hemedy, Razaz M Wali, Fatemah A Alsulimani

Background: The inter-pregnancy interval (IPI) refers to the time between one pregnancy and the next. Studies have shown that IPIs shorter than 18 months are linked to negative outcomes, such as preterm delivery, infant mortality, and small-for-gestational-age birth. The aim of this study was to measure the prevalence and risk factors of short inter-pregnancy intervals among women receiving care at primary health centers in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Methods and material: This is a cross-sectional study conducted at primary health care centers among mothers with a history of giving birth to at least one child and having two successive pregnancies. The data was collected through face-to-face interviews using a structured questionnaire. Statistical analysis was carried out using RStudio (R version 4.3.0).

Results: A total of 300 responses were analyzed. The prevalence of short IPI was 36.0%, 31.0% had prolonged IPI, and 33.0% had optimal IPI. Lower educational level, unemployment as a student, low or middle income, a rise in the number of children, typically more than six, and an increase in the number of male offspring, mostly four or more, lack of breastfeeding, and breastfeeding duration have all been identified as statistically significant risk factors for short IPIs.

Conclusions: Short inter-pregnancy interval is prevalent in Jeddah city, which can negatively impact the perinatal outcomes. Addressing the risk factors and providing proper education in antenatal and postnatal clinics to reduce the number of unintended pregnancies can help in decreasing the number of short inter-pregnancy intervals and improving maternal and fetal outcomes.

背景:孕间隔(IPI)是指一次怀孕与下一次怀孕之间的时间间隔。研究表明,IPI 短于 18 个月与早产、婴儿死亡和小于胎龄儿出生等不良后果有关。本研究的目的是测量在沙特阿拉伯吉达市初级保健中心接受治疗的妇女中孕间期过短的发生率和风险因素:这是一项在初级保健中心进行的横断面研究,研究对象是至少生育过一个孩子并连续两次怀孕的母亲。数据是通过结构化问卷进行面对面访谈收集的。统计分析使用 RStudio(R 版本 4.3.0)进行:共分析了 300 份答复。短期 IPI 的发生率为 36.0%,长期 IPI 的发生率为 31.0%,最佳 IPI 的发生率为 33.0%。教育水平较低、学生失业、中低收入、孩子数量增加(通常超过 6 个)、男性后代数量增加(大多为 4 个或以上)、缺乏母乳喂养以及母乳喂养持续时间都被认为是导致 IPI 短的具有统计学意义的风险因素:吉达市普遍存在孕间隔短的现象,这会对围产期结果产生负面影响。在产前和产后诊所解决风险因素并提供适当的教育以减少意外怀孕的数量,有助于减少孕间隔短的数量并改善孕产妇和胎儿的预后。
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引用次数: 0
Changing the nomenclature of 'Primary Health Center (PHC)' to 'Family Health Center (FHC)': A strategic vision for strengthening public health services in India by 2047. 将 "初级保健中心(PHC)"更名为 "家庭保健中心(FHC)":到 2047 年加强印度公共卫生服务的战略愿景。
IF 1.1 Q4 PRIMARY HEALTH CARE Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1440_24
Raman Kumar

Primary Health Centers have been a critical component of India's healthcare landscape, designed to provide accessible and affordable medical services. However, the term "Primary Health Center" may not adequately convey the comprehensive and family-centered approach that modern healthcare necessitates. Changing the terminology of "Primary Health Center" to "Family Health Center" represents a strategic move toward strengthening public health services in India. This change embodies a commitment to holistic family-centered care, integrated health services, and community engagement. By emphasizing the importance of families in health care, this initiative can help address the diverse health needs of the population and improve health outcomes across communities.

初级保健中心一直是印度医疗保健领域的重要组成部分,旨在提供方便且价格合理的医疗服务。然而,"初级保健中心 "一词可能无法充分表达现代医疗保健所需的以家庭为中心的综合方法。将 "初级保健中心 "一词改为 "家庭保健中心 "是印度加强公共卫生服务的一项战略举措。这一变化体现了对以家庭为中心的整体护理、综合医疗服务和社区参与的承诺。通过强调家庭在医疗保健中的重要性,这一举措有助于满足人口的不同健康需求,改善各社区的健康状况。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring the link between leptin levels and metabolic syndrome in elderly Indian patients: Implications for family medicine and primary care practices. 探索印度老年患者瘦素水平与代谢综合征之间的联系:对家庭医学和初级保健实践的启示。
IF 1.1 Q4 PRIMARY HEALTH CARE Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_2008_23
Arjun Kumar Singhal, Gaurav Singh, Shravan Kumar Singh, Busi Karunanand, Gagan Gunjan, Sonu K Agrawal

Background: The metabolic syndrome (MetS), according to the Adult Treatment Panel III of the National Cholesterol Education Programme, is a collection of metabolic abnormalities that includes one, two, or all three of the following traits: obesity in the abdomen, dyslipidemia, hypertension, fasting blood sugar, or insulin resistance. This study's aim was to assess the relationship between fasting serum leptin and MetS in elderly adults with T2DM in the Northern Indian population.

Material and methods: The following information was collected from all the participants: (1) anthropometric data, (2) biochemical data, and (3) a lifestyle questionnaire on sociodemographic data, dietary practices, smoking, and alcohol intake to identify their risk factors for diabetes mellitus, CVD, and hypertension.

Results: A total of 36 older participants (56.30%) had a history of hypertension, while 29 elderly participants (44.61%) had diabetes mellitus. A total of 32 elderly participants (49.2%) had MetS, and this group had higher serum leptin (P 0.003), body weight (P = 0.019), BMI (P 0.001), waist circumference (P 0.001), CRP (P = 0.021), insulin (P = 0.001), and HOMA-IR (P = 0.003) values as well as higher percentages of females (P = 0.001), and those with type 2 diabetes mellitus (P = 0.002) and hypertension (P = 0.039) than those in the non-MetS group.

Conclusion: In older persons with T2DM, our study discovered a favorable correlation between serum leptin and MetS. It can act as a standalone indicator of MetS, offering a way to spot populations at risk for associated consequences and enabling early intervention.

背景:根据美国国家胆固醇教育计划成人治疗小组 III,代谢综合征(MetS)是一组代谢异常,包括以下特征中的一项、两项或全部三项:腹部肥胖、血脂异常、高血压、空腹血糖或胰岛素抵抗。本研究旨在评估印度北部人群中患有 T2DM 的老年人空腹血清瘦素与 MetS 之间的关系:收集了所有参与者的以下信息:(1) 人体测量数据;(2) 生化数据;(3) 关于社会人口学数据、饮食习惯、吸烟和酒精摄入量的生活方式问卷,以确定他们患糖尿病、心血管疾病和高血压的风险因素:共有 36 名老年参与者(56.30%)有高血压病史,29 名老年参与者(44.61%)有糖尿病。共有 32 名老年参与者(占 49.2%)患有 MetS,该群体的血清瘦素(P 0.003)、体重(P = 0.019)、体重指数(BMI)(P 0.001)、腰围(P 0.001)、CRP(P = 0.021)、胰岛素(P = 0.001)、胰岛素(P = 0.001)、HOMA-IR(P = 0.003)值以及女性(P = 0.001)、2 型糖尿病(P = 0.002)和高血压(P = 0.039)患者的比例均高于非 MetS 组:结论:在患有 T2DM 的老年人中,我们的研究发现血清瘦素与 MetS 之间存在良好的相关性。结论:我们的研究发现,在患有 T2DM 的老年人中,血清瘦素与 MetS 之间存在良好的相关性,它可以作为 MetS 的一个独立指标,为发现相关后果的高危人群提供一种方法,并能进行早期干预。
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引用次数: 0
A randomized controlled trial comparing two antenatal care regimes in the management of mild to moderate gestational diabetes in a low-middle income country. 一项随机对照试验,比较了在一个中低收入国家对轻度至中度妊娠糖尿病进行管理的两种产前护理方案。
IF 1.1 Q4 PRIMARY HEALTH CARE Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_212_24
Tamma A Reddy, Shiny Nirupama, Arathy Raj, Richa S Tirkey, Hilda Yenuberi, Gowri Mahasampath, Swati Rathore, Jiji E Mathew

Context: The prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in the Indian subcontinent has increased exponentially, especially after new diagnostic criteria. Identifying women who need close monitoring is a challenge. Ultrasound has been used to guide therapy but its use in the management of GDM has been used indiscriminately due to paucity of information. The use of ultrasound to guide the number of antenatal visits for adequate glycemic control has not been researched adequately. There is also a need to contrive antenatal care strategies that can obtain optimal neonatal outcomes without burdening the health system in low-middle income countries (LMIC).

Aims: Our study was to compare pragmatic standard management of GDM with an ultrasound-guided regime (USGR) to prevent neonatal complications to ensure optimal care.

Settings and designs: A randomized controlled trial was done in a tertiary hospital between May 2019 and September 2021 in South India.

Methods and materials: Five hundred and eighty-eight women were randomized to a standard regime or USGR.

Statistical analysis: χ2 and t-test were used to compare outcomes.

Results: Maternal and neonatal outcomes between standard and ultrasound USGR showed no significant difference in outcomes. Fetuses in USGR with AC ≥ 70th centile had macrosomia (3.59% vs 26.67%, P < 0.001), increased severity of diabetes (2.97% vs 16.67%, P < 0.001), 3rd- and 4th-degree perineal tear (2.95% vs 27.27%, P < 0.001). The increased number of visits did not decrease adverse outcomes.

Conclusion: This small well-designed study did not show any advantage with USGR as compared to the pragmatic simple standard regime, in the treatment of women with GDM.

背景:在印度次大陆,妊娠糖尿病(GDM)的发病率成倍增加,尤其是在采用新的诊断标准之后。识别需要密切监测的妇女是一项挑战。超声波已被用于指导治疗,但由于信息匮乏,在 GDM 的管理中,超声波的使用一直是不加区分的。利用超声波指导产前检查次数以充分控制血糖的研究还不够充分。目的:我们的研究旨在比较 GDM 的实用标准管理和超声波引导制度(USGR),以预防新生儿并发症,确保最佳护理:2019年5月至2021年9月在印度南部的一家三级医院进行了随机对照试验:统计分析:采用χ2和t检验比较结果:结果:标准和超声 USGR 的产妇和新生儿结局无显著差异。AC≥70百分位数的USGR胎儿有巨大儿(3.59% vs 26.67%,P<0.001),糖尿病严重程度增加(2.97% vs 16.67%,P<0.001),3度和4度会阴撕裂(2.95% vs 27.27%,P<0.001)。增加就诊次数并未减少不良后果:这项精心设计的小型研究表明,在治疗 GDM 妇女方面,USGR 与实用的简单标准疗法相比没有任何优势。
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引用次数: 0
Blended learning: An innovative teaching strategy to teach dermatology to the family medicine residents of a teaching hospital. 混合式学习:向教学医院的家庭医学住院医生传授皮肤病学的创新教学策略。
IF 1.1 Q4 PRIMARY HEALTH CARE Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1837_23
Sadia Masood, Swaleha Tariq Bhombal, Unzela Ghulam

Context: Medical educators face different challenges in this digital era with the pressure for clinical practice as well as teaching. In blended learning Internet technologies are used along with face-to-face teaching to deliver learning methodologies.

Objective: To assess the efficacy of the blended learning dermatology course on Family Medicine residents at a teaching hospital. Methodology: It was interventional (pre and post) study with purposive sampling. All the Family Medicine residents enrolled at The Aga Khan University Hospital participated in the study after giving consents. The course covered most common skin conditions. Multiple slide sessions, online lectures, clinical presentations, case-based scenarios, and quizzes were included in the course. Knowledge was assessed through pre- test by multiple choice questions. Post tests were taken after completion of the modules to assess the improvement in the knowledge of residents about basic dermatological conditions by multiple choice questions. After completion of sessions a survey questionnaire was administered to evaluate the perception of participants about blended learning strategy.

Results: The tests scores were significantly higher in the post test. The majority of the residents were satisfied with the course delivery. A statistically significant difference was found between pre and post test results with a P value 0.000.

Conclusions and recommendation: Blended learning is an effective and innovative teaching strategy that helped family medicine residents to enhance their learning more effectively. We recommend that this method of teaching strategy should be used in other clinical disciplines in different contexts.didifferent contexts.

背景:在这个数字化时代,医学教育工作者面临着不同的挑战,既要面对临床实践的压力,又要面对教学的压力。在混合式学习中,互联网技术与面对面教学一起被用于提供学习方法:评估一家教学医院的全科住院医师学习混合式皮肤病学课程的效果。方法:这是一项有目的抽样的干预性(前后)研究。在征得同意后,阿迦汗大学医院的所有全科住院医师都参与了这项研究。课程涵盖了最常见的皮肤病。课程包括多张幻灯片、在线讲座、临床演示、基于病例的情景模拟和测验。课前测试通过多项选择题对知识进行评估。模块完成后进行后测,通过选择题评估住院医师对基本皮肤病知识的掌握程度。课程结束后还进行了调查问卷,以评估学员对混合式学习策略的看法:结果:后测试的分数明显更高。大多数住院医师对课程的实施表示满意。前后测试结果差异明显,P 值为 0.000:混合式学习是一种有效的创新教学策略,有助于家庭医学住院医师更有效地提高学习效果。我们建议在其他临床学科的不同环境中使用这种教学策略。
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引用次数: 0
Electrodiagnostic evaluation in diabetes mellitus: A study based on case series in 72 diabetic patients. 糖尿病患者的电诊断评估:基于 72 名糖尿病患者的病例系列研究。
IF 1.1 Q4 PRIMARY HEALTH CARE Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_2035_23
Suchitra Dube, Sandip M Hulke, Avinash E Thakare, Sagar Khadanga, Santosh L Wakode, Rajay N Bharshankar, Abhijit Pakhare

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is one of the most common complications of diabetes; so, a nerve conduction study (NCS) is conducted to detect the type of neuropathy that is present. To discuss the NCS findings in diabetic patients. An observational study was conducted in the Physiology Department of AIIMS, Bhopal, in collaboration with the Medicine Department of the Institute. Seventy-two diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients were examined using NCS (Nihon Kohden Neuropack XI Machine). Microsoft Excel was utilized for data compilation and result analysis. Based on NCS, 94% of patients were abnormal, and 6% were normal. Of abnormal patients, 89% had asymmetrical involvement, and 5% had symmetrical involvement. About 74% had mixed neuropathy, 11% had motor neuropathy, and 10% had sensory neuropathy. Mixed involvement was seen in 60% of patients and axonal involvement in 35% of patients, and 5% were normal. Lower limb involvement was seen predominately. The most common bilaterally involved motor nerve was the peroneal nerve, seen in 49% of cases, whereas the most common bilaterally involved sensory nerve was the sural nerve involved in 59% of cases. The left tibial nerve was the most common unilaterally involved motor nerve seen in 32% of cases, and the left sural nerve was the most common sensory nerve involved in 54% of cases. Asymmetric sensorimotor involvement with mixed involvement (axonal + demyelinating) was seen in diabetic patients. Peroneal and sural nerves were the most common bilaterally involved motor and sensory nerves, respectively. Similarly, the left tibial and left sural nerves were the most common unilaterally affected motor and sensory nerves, respectively.

糖尿病周围神经病变(DPN)是糖尿病最常见的并发症之一,因此需要进行神经传导检查(NCS)来检测神经病变的类型。讨论糖尿病患者的神经传导研究结果。博帕尔 AIIMS 的生理学部门与该研究所的医学部门合作开展了一项观察性研究。72 名确诊的 2 型糖尿病 (T2DM) 患者接受了 NCS(Nihon Kohden Neuropack XI 机器)检查。数据汇编和结果分析使用 Microsoft Excel。根据 NCS,94% 的患者异常,6% 正常。在异常患者中,89%为非对称性受累,5%为对称性受累。约 74% 患有混合性神经病变,11% 患有运动神经病变,10% 患有感觉神经病变。60%的患者有混合性受累,35%的患者有轴索受累,5%的患者正常。主要表现为下肢受累。最常见的双侧受累运动神经是腓总神经,占 49% 的病例,而最常见的双侧受累感觉神经是鞍神经,占 59% 的病例。在 32% 的病例中,左侧胫神经是最常见的单侧受累运动神经,而在 54% 的病例中,左侧鞍神经是最常见的受累感觉神经。糖尿病患者的感觉运动受累是不对称的,并伴有混合受累(轴索+脱髓鞘)。腓总神经和硬膜神经分别是最常见的双侧受累运动神经和感觉神经。同样,左胫神经和左侧硬膜神经分别是最常见的单侧受累运动神经和感觉神经。
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引用次数: 0
From data to decisions: Exploring family planning services utilization in Karnataka and India through the prism of NFHS-4 and NFHS-5. 从数据到决策:通过 NFHS-4 和 NFHS-5 透视卡纳塔克邦和印度的计划生育服务利用情况。
IF 1.1 Q4 PRIMARY HEALTH CARE Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_281_24
Namratha Kulkarni, Saurabh Kumar, Pavan P Havaldar

Background: Family planning (FP) services are pivotal in assessing a country's healthcare efficacy. Despite India's strides in FP promotion, disparities persist in its utilization rates. This study analyzes Karnataka's FP trends by using National Family Health Survey (NFHS) rounds 4 and 5, comparing its indicators with national averages.

Methods: A retrospective record review-based descriptive study design was employed. Data from NFHS-4 (2015-16) and NFHS-5 (2019-21) were analyzed using MS Excel 365. Key variables included age at marriage, total fertility rate (TFR), and various contraceptive methods.

Results: Karnataka exhibited a stable rate of early marriages for women and a decline among men aged 25-29 years. TFR in Karnataka slightly decreased, with increased contraceptive usage and significant growth in modern contraceptive methods. However, male sterilization rates remained low. There was an improvement in health workers' engagement with female non-users and in providing information on contraceptive side effects.

Conclusion: While Karnataka has progressed in FP, challenges such as early marriages persist. Enhancing integration, leveraging technology, and empowering women are essential for comprehensive FP services in India.

背景:计划生育(FP)服务是评估一个国家医疗保健效率的关键。尽管印度在推广计划生育服务方面取得了长足进步,但其利用率仍存在差距。本研究利用全国家庭健康调查(NFHS)第四轮和第五轮分析了卡纳塔克邦的计划生育趋势,并将其指标与全国平均水平进行了比较:方法:采用基于回顾性记录的描述性研究设计。使用 MS Excel 365 分析了 NFHS-4(2015-16 年)和 NFHS-5(2019-21 年)的数据。主要变量包括结婚年龄、总和生育率(TFR)和各种避孕方法:卡纳塔克邦女性早婚率保持稳定,25-29 岁男性早婚率有所下降。卡纳塔克邦的总和生育率略有下降,避孕药具的使用率有所上升,现代避孕方法显著增加。然而,男性绝育率仍然很低。卫生工作者在与未使用避孕药具的女性接触以及提供避孕药具副作用信息方面有所改进:尽管卡纳塔克邦在计划生育方面取得了进展,但早婚等挑战依然存在。在印度,加强整合、利用技术和赋予妇女权力对于提供全面的计划生育服务至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care
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