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Manifestations of the flu syndrome in medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic 新冠肺炎大流行期间医学生流感综合征的表现
Pub Date : 2020-12-22 DOI: 10.17921/2447-8938.2020V22N4P289-294
Tânia Gisela Biberg-Salum, José Luis Quelho Filho, Gabriela Freitas Sorrilha, Pietro Delgado Rezende, Eduarda Oliveira Celeri, M. S. Braga
Abstract Infection caused by the new Coronavirus (SARS-COV-2) causes a variable clinical picture. Due to its high transmissibility, Covid-19 was declared a pandemic. In view of this, in Brazil, the Ministry of Education (MEC) published an ordinance that temporarily suspended face-to-face activities at Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). Despite this and other measures, the number of cases and deaths in Brazil has, so far, increased exponentially, a fact that impacts the health and educational authorities, due to the exceptionality imposed on the development of teaching activities. In view of this context, the present study aimed to measure the frequency of the Flu Syndrome in medical students from Mato Grosso do Sul during the Covid-19 pandemic period, in order to propose resolutions for conducting academic activities. A descriptive, observational and cross-sectional study carried out among students enrolled in medical courses in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul. The data were obtained through a semi-structured questionnaire, online and based on the Google Forms platform. Descriptive results were prepared automatically, from the platform itself. Result: 371 responses were computed. Approximately 50% had flu-like symptoms, the most common of which were runny nose, nasal obstruction and cough. Among the diagnoses reported, the most described was rhinosinusitis, with 7 participants presenting Covid-19. It was possible to measure the condition of flu-like syndrome among medical students in this state, seeking to provide support and possible basis for decision-making by the coordinators of medical courses in Mato Grosso do Sul regarding the referral of academic activities. Keywords: Coronavirus; SARS-CoV-2; Students, Medical; Disease Notification; Prevalence. Resumo A infeccao causada pelo novo Coronavirus (SARS-COV-2) causa quadro clinico variavel. Devido a sua alta transmissibilidade, decretou-se estado de pandemia pela Covid-19. Diante disto, no Brasil, o Ministerio da Educacao (MEC) publicou portaria que suspendeu, temporariamente, as atividades presenciais nas Instituicoes de Ensino Superior (IES). Apesar desta e de outras medidas, o numero de casos e obitos no Brasil continua, ate o momento, aumentando de forma exponencial, fato que impacta as autoridades sanitarias e educacionais, pela excepcionalidade imposta no desenvolvimento das atividades de ensino. Em face deste contexto, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo mensurar a frequencia da Sindrome Gripal em academicos de medicina do Mato Grosso do Sul durante o periodo da pandemia da Covid-19, para assim, propor resolucoes para conducao das atividades academicas. Um estudo descritivo, observacional e transversal, realizado entre estudantes matriculados nos cursos de medicina do estado de Mato Grosso do Sul. Os dados foram obtidos por questionario semiestruturado, online e assentado na plataforma Google Forms. Os resultados descritivos foram elaborados automaticamente, a partir da propria
新型冠状病毒(SARS-COV-2)感染导致临床表现多变。由于其高传播性,新冠肺炎被宣布为大流行。有鉴于此,在巴西,教育部(MEC)发布了一项法令,暂停高等教育机构(HEIs)的面对面活动。尽管采取了这一措施和其他措施,但迄今为止,巴西的病例和死亡人数呈指数级增长,这一事实影响到卫生和教育当局,因为教学活动的发展受到了特殊的限制。鉴于此,本研究旨在测量2019冠状病毒病大流行期间南马托格罗索州医科学生患流感综合征的频率,以便为开展学术活动提出决议。在南马托格罗索州医学课程的学生中进行了一项描述性、观察性和横断面研究。这些数据是通过半结构化的在线问卷调查获得的,并基于Google Forms平台。描述性的结果是自动准备的,从平台本身。结果:共计算了371份问卷。大约50%的人有流感样症状,其中最常见的是流鼻涕、鼻塞和咳嗽。在报告的诊断中,描述最多的是鼻窦炎,有7名参与者出现了Covid-19。在南马托格罗索州,有可能测量医科学生的流感样综合症的状况,试图为南马托格罗索州医学课程协调员在转诊学术活动方面的决策提供支持和可能的依据。关键词:冠状病毒;SARS-CoV-2;学生,医学;疾病的通知;患病率。冠状病毒(SARS-COV-2)感染原因的临床变异。Covid-19大流行的流行病学研究进展。巴西的Diante disto和教育部(MEC)公开发布了一项关于暂停、临时培训的计划,作为高等教育学院(IES)的活动介绍。在这方面,我们有许多不同的媒介,许多不同的原因,例如巴西的持续发展、发展和形式的指数、诸如卫生保健和教育等方面的重大影响、特别的影响,以及在这方面的活动和发展方面的特殊影响。他们面临着不同的背景,因此,在新冠肺炎大流行期间,在南马托格罗索州医学学术界,他们提出了共同目标测量方法和频率,并提出了适当的解决方案,以应对学术界的积极行动。南马托格罗索州州立大学医学课程的学生描述、观察和横向实现。在Google表单平台上,我们提供了在线问卷调查、半结构化问卷调查和在线问卷调查。结果是描述性的,是一个专有的平台。computouse - 371响应。近50%表现为grigrimal sintoma,主要部位:coriza,梗阻性鼻部。诊断信息中心(诊断信息中心)主要负责诊断信息的描述,派出了7名与会者介绍Covid-19。在可能的情况下,对四名学生进行测量,对学生进行医学研究,对学生进行比例测量,并最终对南马托格罗索州的医学课程进行协调,对学生进行评估,并对学生进行学术活动。Palavras-chave:冠状病毒;SARS-CoV-2;医科学生;通告;Prevalencia。
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引用次数: 0
Breastfeeding, Introduction of Food and Use of Pacifier on the Stomatognathic System of Children with Mixed Dentition 母乳喂养、食物引入及奶嘴使用对混合牙列儿童口-牙系统的影响
Pub Date : 2020-12-21 DOI: 10.17921/2447-8938.2020V22N4P222-228
I. Regalo, L. Gonçalves, M. Palinkas, L. Oliveira, S. Siéssere, A. Margutti
AbstractThe objective of this study was to investigate the effects of maternal breastfeeding, artificial feeding, types of introduction of complementary food introduction and the use of bottle and pacifier on lip /tongue pressure and maximum molar bite force of school children. Thirty-five healthy children with mixed dentition (20 boys and 15 girls), aged 6-10 years, participated in this study. The children were evaluated based on anthropometry, electronic scale and portable stadiometer, feeding practices (breastfeeding, artificial feeding, introduction of complementary food), bottle and pacifier use, tongue and lips strength and molar bite force. The results were submitted to ANOVA (p <.05). The sample showed a predominance of children with adequate height and weight for age. In the analysis of the influence of the food introduction period, the complementary food consistency and the pacifier use; it was observed that these factors did not influence the pressures of the lips/tongue statistically. In the evaluation of the influence of bottle feeding, the data showed higher bite force for children who never used the bottle, statistically significant data for the right and left sides (p ≤ .003 and p ≤ .001, respectively). The authors suggest that the type of breastfeeding received by the children may have a negative impact on the stomatognathic system functioning, evidenced by the lower maximum molar bite force found in the bottle-fed children. Keywords: Breast Feeding. Bottle Feeding. Bite Force. ResumoO objetivo deste estudo foi investigar os efeitos do aleitamento materno, alimentacao artificial, tipos de introducao complementar de alimentos e uso de mamadeira e chupeta na pressao labial / lingual e forca maxima de mordida molar em criancas em idade escolar. Participaram 35 criancas saudaveis com denticao mista (20 meninos e 15 meninas), com idades entre 6 e 10 anos. As criancas foram avaliadas com base em antropometria, balanca eletronica e estadiometro portatil, praticas de alimentacao (amamentacao, alimentacao artificial, introducao de alimentos complementares), uso de mamadeira e chupeta, forca da lingua e labios e forca de mordida molar. Os resultados foram submetidos a ANOVA (p < 0,05). A amostra demonstrou predominância de criancas com altura e peso adequados para a idade. Na analise da influencia do periodo de introducao dos alimentos, da consistencia do alimento complementar e do uso de chupeta, observou-se que esses fatores nao influenciaram estatisticamente as pressoes dos labios / lingua. Na avaliacao da influencia da mamadeira, os dados mostraram maior forca de mordida para criancas que nunca usaram a mamadeira, dados significativos para os lados direito e esquerdo (p ≤ 0,003 ep ≤ 0,001, respectivamente). Os autores sugerem que o tipo de aleitamento materno recebido pelas criancas pode ter impacto negativo no funcionamento do sistema estomatognatico, evidenciado pela menor forca maxima de mordida molar encontrada nas criancas alime
摘要本研究旨在探讨母乳喂养、人工喂养、辅食引入方式、奶瓶和奶嘴使用对学龄儿童唇舌压力和最大磨牙咬合力的影响。研究对象为35名6-10岁的健康混合牙列儿童(男孩20名,女孩15名)。对儿童进行人体测量、电子秤和便携式体重计、喂养方式(母乳喂养、人工喂养、辅食的引入)、奶瓶和安抚奶嘴的使用、舌头和嘴唇的力量以及磨牙咬合力等评估。结果进行方差分析(p < 0.05)。样本显示,身高和体重与年龄相符的儿童占多数。在食物引入期、辅食稠度和奶嘴使用的影响分析中;我们观察到,这些因素不影响嘴唇/舌头的压力统计。在评价奶瓶喂养的影响时,数据显示从未使用过奶瓶的儿童咬合力更高,右侧和左侧数据均有统计学意义(p≤0.003,p≤0.001)。作者认为,儿童接受的母乳喂养类型可能会对口颌系统功能产生负面影响,这一点可以从奶瓶喂养儿童的最大磨牙咬合力较低得到证明。关键词:母乳喂养;瓶喂。咬力。目的:探讨产妇护理、人工护理、补品护理的效果、产妇护理的效果、产妇护理的效果、产妇护理的效果、产妇护理的效果、产妇护理的效果、产妇护理的效果、产妇护理的效果、产妇护理的效果、产妇护理的效果、产妇护理的效果、产妇护理的效果、产妇护理的效果、产妇护理的效果、产妇护理的效果。参加会议的有35个国家和地区(20个国家和15个国家)、6个国家和10个国家。由于标准是有孔的,有孔的,有孔的,有孔的,有孔的,有孔的,有孔的,有孔的,有孔的,有孔的,有孔的,有孔的。结果显示,两组间的差异有统计学意义(p < 0.05)。一种主要表现形式是:在经济发展的过程中,有一种情况是:在经济发展的过程中,有一种情况是足够的。我们分析了数据的影响、数据的一致性、数据的互补性、数据的一致性、数据的互补性、数据的一致性、数据的互补性、数据的可观察性、数据的可观察性、数据的可影响性、数据的统计性、数据的可预测性、数据的可预测性和数据的可预测性。Na avaliacao哒influencia哒mamadeira,操作系统不同mostraram星座举国de mordida对位crianca, nunca usaram mamadeira,不同significativos对位os总理direito e esquerdo (p≤0003 ep≤0001,respectivamente)。研究结果表明:对母性的影响、对母性的影响、对母性的影响、对母性的影响、对母性的影响、对母性的影响、对母性的影响、对母性的影响、对母性的影响、对母性的影响、对母性的影响、对母性的影响、对母性的影响、对母性的影响、对母性的影响、对母性的影响、对母性的影响、对母性的影响、对母性的影响。palavras - have: Aleitamento Materno。Alimentacao Artificial force de Mordida
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引用次数: 1
Radiography student comparison performing lumbar and thoracic spine imaging 影像学学生对比进行腰椎和胸椎成像
Pub Date : 2020-12-14 DOI: 10.17532/jhsci.2020.1112
N. Mekiš, Rebeka Viltužnik
Introduction: General radiography is a common imaging technique and X-ray examinations of the thoracic and lumbar spine are among the most frequent procedures undertaken. The aim of this research was to investigate the success rate, dose-area product (DAP), and effective dose values of 1st and 2nd cycle radiographer students performing X-ray imaging of the thoracic and lumbar spine using a phantom.Methods: The students were divided into four groups according to the year of study (1st, 2nd, and 3rd years of 1st cycle degree, and all 2nd cycle degree students). They were asked to perform imaging of thoracic and lumbar spine on the phantom in both anteroposterior and lateral projections where IQ and DAP measurements were collated. The study was blind, so they did not know about the purpose of the study.Results: First, we have inspected the acceptability rate of the images performed. The highest success rate of performing an optimal image was discovered with the 2nd cycle degree students where the 1st year students had the most difficulties there. In the second part, DAP and effective dose values were compared, only for the acceptable images in which case the 1st and 2nd years, students of the 1st cycle degree were most successful.Conclusion: Based on that, we can conclude, that the 2nd cycle degree students had the lowest rejection rate regarding the optimal image quality, which was the price of using a larger primary X-ray field which leads to higher dose values.
简介:普通x线摄影是一种常见的成像技术,胸椎和腰椎的x线检查是最常见的检查程序。本研究的目的是调查第一和第二周期放射技师学生使用假体对胸椎和腰椎进行x射线成像的成功率、剂量面积积(DAP)和有效剂量值。方法:将学生按学习年限分为四组(第一、二、三年级和所有第二阶段学生)。他们被要求对幻肢进行胸椎和腰椎的正位和侧位成像,IQ和DAP测量值被整理。这项研究是盲目的,所以他们不知道研究的目的。结果:首先,我们检查了所执行图像的接受率。表现最佳形象的成功率最高的是二年级的学生,而一年级的学生在这方面遇到的困难最大。在第二部分,DAP和有效剂量值进行比较,只有在可接受的图像中,第一和第二学年,第一周期学位的学生最成功。结论:基于此,我们可以得出结论,第二周期学位学生在最佳图像质量方面的拒弃率最低,这是使用更大的一次x射线场导致更高剂量值的代价。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of nursing documentation: The experience of nurses from the primary and secondary/tertiary health care 护理文件评估:初级和二级/三级卫生保健护士的经验
Pub Date : 2020-12-08 DOI: 10.17532/jhsci.2020.1086
Š. Cilović-Lagarija, Nino Hasanica, Sanela Tukulija, S. Branković, Jasmina Mahmutović, Dragana Galić, Kristina Perić, Selma Čajdrić, Senada Mujačić, Salih Slijepčević, Ekrem Mrakić, Elvedin Dervišević
Introduction: Aim of the study is to piloting nursing documentation to obtain comments based on the experience of nurses/medical technicians from the primary, secondary, and tertiary health care about the documentation before it is published and starts being used.Methods: A questionnaire was designed in the electronic form to be used for the evaluation and suggestions by nurses/medical technicians on the piloted form and content of nursing documentation for all levels of health care. A piloting sample was prepared to make 10% of nurses/medical technicians from health care institutions from the territory of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina.Results: A total of 94.3% of examinees at the primary health care level and only 17.2% of the examinees in the secondary and tertiary health care fill out nursing documentation both manually and electronically. All examinees at all levels of health care understand the purpose and importance of nursing documentation. A total of 27.7% of the examinees at the primary and 40.9% of the examinees at the secondary and tertiary level of health care pointed out that filling out nursing documentation was too time-consuming.Conclusion: A total of 51.2% of the examinees at the primary and 64.2% at the secondary and tertiary level of health care agreed that submitted nursing documentation was adequate for use. It is suggested that after the adoption of nursing documentation at all levels of health care, piloting of its use should be conducted to evaluate the quality and quantity of all nursing documentation.
前言:本研究的目的是对护理文件进行试点,在文件出版和开始使用之前,根据初级、二级和三级卫生保健的护士/医疗技术人员的经验,获得对文件的评论。方法:设计电子问卷,由护士/医技人员对各级卫生保健护理文件的试点形式和内容进行评价和建议。准备了一个试点样本,使来自波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那联邦领土的保健机构的护士/医疗技术人员占10%。结果:94.3%的初级卫生保健考生手工填写和电子填写护理文件,17.2%的二级和三级卫生保健考生手工填写和电子填写护理文件。各级卫生保健部门的所有考生都了解护理文件的目的和重要性。27.7%的初级卫生保健考生和40.9%的二级和三级卫生保健考生指出填写护理文件太费时。结论:51.2%的初级卫生保健考生和64.2%的二级和三级卫生保健考生认为所提交的护理文件足够使用。建议在各级卫生保健机构采用护理文件后,对其使用进行试点,以评估所有护理文件的质量和数量。
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引用次数: 1
COVID-19 Pandemic: A Challenge for Healthcare Professionals and Assessment of Anxiety Symptoms COVID-19大流行:对医护人员的挑战和焦虑症状的评估
Pub Date : 2020-12-07 DOI: 10.17532/jhsci.2020.1073
Daniel Maestro, S. Šegalo, Dinko Remić, Arzija Pašalić, A. Jogunčić
Introduction: Worldwide, COVID-19 pandemic caused millions of infected people and thousands of deaths. Due to enormous pressure on health-care systems and its inadequate preparedness, utter collapse is expected. In the current epidemic response, healthcare workers’ (HCWs) knowledge and practice are crucial, while the impact on their mental health is still unknown.Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted among HCWs redeployed to COVID points in the Public Institution Health Centre of Sarajevo Canton. According to guidelines and information provided by the World Health Organization and Ministries of Health, a questionnaire was developed. In addition, General Anxiety Disorder-7 as a screening tool for anxiety disorders was used.Results: Of 180 respondents, 26 (14.4%) were in direct contact with the sick patient. In total, 79 (43.9%) respondents consider their personal protective equipment is in accordance with the guidelines of the world health authorities. A total of 72 (39.7%) of respondents used the same mask for several days. In general, the danger from new coronavirus was considered minimal by 59 (32,6%) HCWs. Based on the achieved score for assessing the anxiety disorder, in 63 (35%) subjects, the presence of severe symptoms was detected.Conclusion: This study found that most HCWs do not have enough knowledge about the COVID-19 pandemic. We identified that there are differences in the sources of information and gap in perceptions of the native origin of the virus. Considering the frequency of anxiety symptoms among HCWs, interventions are necessary in order to preserve their mental health.
导言:在全球范围内,COVID-19大流行造成数百万人感染,数千人死亡。由于对卫生保健系统的巨大压力及其准备不足,预计将彻底崩溃。在当前的疫情应对中,卫生保健工作者(HCWs)的知识和实践至关重要,而对其精神健康的影响仍不得而知。方法:在萨拉热窝州公共机构卫生中心重新部署到COVID点的卫生保健人员中进行横断面研究。根据世界卫生组织和各国卫生部提供的准则和资料,编制了一份调查表。此外,还使用了一般焦虑障碍-7作为焦虑障碍的筛查工具。结果:180名受访人员中有26人(14.4%)与患者有直接接触。总共有79个(43.9%)答复者认为其个人防护装备符合世界卫生当局的指导方针。有72人(39.7%)连日使用同一口罩。总的来说,59名(32.6%)卫生保健工作者认为新型冠状病毒的危险很小。根据评估焦虑障碍的得分,在63名(35%)受试者中,检测到存在严重症状。结论:本研究发现大多数卫生保健工作者对COVID-19大流行的认识不足。我们发现,在信息来源方面存在差异,在对病毒本地起源的认识上也存在差距。考虑到卫生保健工作者出现焦虑症状的频率,有必要采取干预措施,以保持他们的精神健康。
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引用次数: 6
Acute descending necrotizing mediastinitis as a complication of the retropharyngeal abscess caused by anaerobes 急性下行坏死性纵隔炎是厌氧菌引起咽后脓肿的并发症
Pub Date : 2020-11-23 DOI: 10.17532/jhsci.2020.1041
I. Pilav, O. Čustović, Arijana Horman-Leventa, A. Alihodžić-Pašalić, S. Mušanović, A. Pilav, K. Grbić, Kenan Kadić, M. Dapčević, A. Hadžismailović, Amela Katica-Mulalić
Descending necrotizing mediastinitis (DNM) is a rare, life-threatening form of mediastinitis caused by odontogenic, pharyngeal, or cervical infections. The retropharyngeal space is the most common primary site of infection. Given the fulminant course and high mortality rate, early diagnosis and prompt treatment are important predictors of survival in patients with DNM. Appropriate empirical antibiotic treatment, prompt surgical intervention, and proper management of patients in the intensive care unit can be of vital importance. We present the case of a previously healthy 20-year-old male patient who was successfully cured and discharged from the Clinical Center University of Sarajevo after suffering from a severe form of mediastinitis as a complication of the retropharyngeal abscess caused by anaerobes.
下行坏死性纵隔炎(DNM)是一种罕见的、危及生命的纵隔炎,由牙源性、咽部或宫颈感染引起。咽后间隙是最常见的原发感染部位。鉴于病程暴发性和高死亡率,早期诊断和及时治疗是预测DNM患者生存的重要因素。适当的经验性抗生素治疗、及时的手术干预和对重症监护病房患者的适当管理是至关重要的。我们提出的情况下,以前健康的20岁男性患者谁是成功治愈和出院后,从临床中心萨拉热窝大学遭受严重形式的纵隔炎作为咽后脓肿引起的厌氧菌并发症。
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引用次数: 0
Applicability of the Fels questionnaire on physical activity of children in rural areas of Bosnia and Herzegovina 关于波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那农村地区儿童体育活动的费尔斯调查表的适用性
Pub Date : 2020-10-26 DOI: 10.17532/jhsci.2020.1072
Vedran Đido, A. Pilav, M. Marjanović, J. Phillips, Deana Švaljug, S. Boskovic, Hadžan Konjo, Đemil Omerović
Introduction: Insufficient physical activity is one of the leading public health problems in the world, but also in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Modern civilization is characterized by a significant decrease in physical activity, and the number of people whose lifestyle can be called sedentary has never been higher, which is especially emphasised among children and adolescents. Aim of the study is to examine public health significance of physical activity on the occurrence and the degree of obesity in children and adolescents in primary and secondary schools and to determine the applicability of the Fels questionnaire on physical activity of children in rural areas of Bosnia and Herzegovina.Methods: We used a transversal research method of a cross-sectional study at a one-time point, and for obtaining results we used the Fels physical activity questionnaire for children and measurement protocol.Results: 276 primary and secondary school students in two cities participated in this survey. Respondents in Busovaca are more physically active than their peers in Sarajevo. One-third of the total number of respondents is overweight and obese, and respondents in Sarajevo are significantly more nourished than their peers in Busovaca. The Fels questionnaire is conditionally applicable, especially in rural areas.Conclusion: This study confirmed that the Fels questionnaire for assessing the level of physical activity for children and young people, which is the general instrument for research of physical activity in children, is too generalized because it is based on a homogeneous urban population.
导言:身体活动不足是世界上最主要的公共卫生问题之一,在波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那也是如此。现代文明的特点是体力活动显著减少,生活方式被称为“久坐不动”的人从未像现在这么多,这在儿童和青少年中尤为突出。该研究的目的是审查体育活动对中小学儿童和青少年肥胖的发生和程度的公共卫生意义,并确定Fels问卷对波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那农村地区儿童体育活动的适用性。方法:采用一次性横断面研究的横向研究方法,采用Fels儿童体育活动问卷和测量方案获得结果。结果:两个城市共有276名中小学生参与了本次调查。布索瓦卡的受访者比萨拉热窝的同龄人更活跃。三分之一的答复者超重和肥胖,萨拉热窝的答复者比布索瓦卡的同龄人营养丰富得多。费尔斯调查表有条件地适用,特别是在农村地区。结论:本研究证实,作为儿童体育活动研究的通用工具,用于评估儿童和青少年体育活动水平的Fels问卷过于笼统,因为它是基于同质的城市人口。
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引用次数: 1
Assessment of Lumbar Spine Disc Degeneration in Coherence to Pfirrman Grades and Oswestry Disability Index 腰椎椎间盘退变与Pfirrman分级和Oswestry残疾指数的一致性评估
Pub Date : 2020-10-10 DOI: 10.17532/jhsci.2020.1064
Suada Hasanović-Vučković, M. Jusufbegović, S. Vegar-Zubović, Lejla Milišić, A. Šehić, I. Hasanbegović, A. Beganović
Introduction: Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration (IDD) is one of the main causes of low back pain (LBP). Standardized diagnostic algorithms for adequate estimation and classification of changes of lumbar discs are mandatory before starting with therapy.Methods: One hundred patients who were indicated for lumbar magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were included in the study. Pfirrmann grading system was used for the determination of IDD, while the visual analog scale (VAS) is used for evaluation of the intensity of LBP. To quantification of disability for LBP, we used the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI).Result: Results showed higher Pfirrmann grades II and III for L2/L3 and L3/L4 lumbar levels and lower scores at L4/L5 and L5/S1. The analysis also showed low scores at the L2/3 and L3/4 lumbar level for Pfirrmann grades IV and V, and there was an increased at more inferior lumbosacral levels L4/5 and L5/S1. There was a significant correlation between Pfirrmann grades and ODI (p = 0.24) as well as VAS (p = 0.16).Conclusion: Higher Pfirrmann grades correlated with increased ODI and VAS. Therefore, MRI can be used as a strong indicator of clinical appearance, but it is important to take into consideration that LBP should be correlated with clinical features. By summing Pfirrmann grades of all lumbar intervertebral levels in each patient, we can get more accurate insight for the status of the lumbar spine.
椎间盘退变(IDD)是引起腰痛(LBP)的主要原因之一。在开始治疗之前,必须采用标准化的诊断算法对腰椎间盘的变化进行充分的估计和分类。方法:选取100例有腰椎磁共振成像(MRI)适应症的患者作为研究对象。IDD采用Pfirrmann分级法测定,LBP强度采用视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评价。为了量化LBP的残疾,我们使用Oswestry残疾指数(ODI)。结果:结果显示L2/L3和L3/L4腰椎水平的Pfirrmann评分较高,而L4/L5和L5/S1水平的Pfirrmann评分较低。分析还显示,Pfirrmann分级IV和V时,L2/3和L3/4腰椎水平评分较低,而L4/5和L5/S1较低的腰骶水平评分较高。Pfirrmann评分与ODI (p = 0.24)和VAS (p = 0.16)有显著相关。结论:Pfirrmann评分越高,ODI和VAS越高。因此,MRI可以作为临床表现的有力指标,但必须考虑到腰痛应与临床特征相关联。通过汇总每位患者所有腰椎椎间水平的Pfirrmann分级,我们可以更准确地了解腰椎的状态。
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引用次数: 3
Canton Sarajevo journey through COVID-19 pandemic 萨拉热窝坎顿在COVID-19大流行中的旅程
Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.17532/JHSCI.2020.1031
A. Jogunčić, A. Pilav, Anisa Bajramović, Snežana Bursač-Aranđelović, Aida Pošković-Bajraktarević, Emina Kurtagić-Pepić, Aida Pitić, Zimka Šeremet, Denis Đurović, S. Branković
Introduction: Sarajevo is the capital city of Bosnia and Herzegovina, with the population in Canton Sarajevo of 438,443 people. The first cases of COVID-19 in Canton Sarajevo were on 20th March. On that day, we had three positive cases. These days at the beginning of the COVID-19 epidemic in Canton of Sarajevo around 2500 citizens were in self-isolation at home. The aim of this paper is to show the journey of Canton Sarajevo in the fight against COVID-19 infection, the impact of measurements that were taken to stop the infection spreading and to compare pre- and post-lockdown stats.Methods: During the period March-July 2020, we have analyzed daily newly cases and followed them through the period of at least 14 days. All data were analyzed using SPSS 25.0 (IBM Corp. Released in 2019. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, NY: IBM Corp.) and MS Office 2019 suite (Excel). For comparison, we have used the Chi-square test.Results: In the period of 10 weeks from the beginning of March to the 25th of May in Canton of Sarajevo, we had a total of 113 cases of COVID-19 infection. The number of conducted tests was 7515. In total, with positive retests, we had only 161 positive tests, which is 2.14% of all analyzed tests. From that number of patients, 58 (51.3%) were male and 55 (48.7%) were female. Regarding age distribution, under 65 years were 91.1% of patients.Conclusion: Choosing the best method to fight against COVID-19 is hard to determine. Staying at home would decrease the infection rate, but in the long term, it is not sustainable. Perhaps the mix of methods that we had in Sarajevo is the best option. Fighting against one epidemic cannot be the source for other epidemics.
萨拉热窝是波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那的首都,萨拉热窝州人口为438443人。萨拉热窝州的第一例COVID-19病例发生在3月20日。那天,我们有三个阳性病例。在新冠肺炎疫情在萨拉热窝州开始流行的这几天,约有2500名市民在家中进行自我隔离。本文的目的是展示萨拉热窝州在抗击COVID-19感染方面的历程,为阻止感染传播而采取的措施的影响,并比较封锁前后的统计数据。方法:对2020年3月- 7月每日新增病例进行分析,随访时间不少于14天。所有数据均使用SPSS 25.0 (IBM公司2019年发布)进行分析。IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, NY: IBM Corp.)和MS Office 2019套件(Excel)。为了比较,我们使用了卡方检验。结果:3月初至5月25日10周内,萨拉热窝州共发生COVID-19感染病例113例。进行的测试次数为7515次。总的来说,加上阳性的重新检测,我们只有161例阳性检测,占所有分析检测的2.14%。其中,男性58例(51.3%),女性55例(48.7%)。年龄分布方面,65岁以下占91.1%。结论:选择最佳的抗疫方法很难确定。呆在家里会降低感染率,但从长远来看,这是不可持续的。也许我们在萨拉热窝采取的混合方法是最好的选择。抗击一种流行病不能成为其他流行病的根源。
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引用次数: 2
Flipped Classroom Applying Flipped Classroom Based Family Nursing Care Learning Model to Learning Outcome in Nursing Institution 翻转课堂:基于翻转课堂的家庭护理学习模式对护理机构学习效果的影响
Pub Date : 2020-08-21 DOI: 10.33086/jhs.v13i2.1405
Nety Mawarda Hatmanti, Y. Septianingrum
Dunia pendidikan telah berkembang sebegitu pesatnya, sehingga diperlukan metode-metode yang baru untuk mendukung efektivitas pembelajaran di kelas seperti ide terkait model pendidikan baru dan cara-cara yang unik untuk tetap bisa berkomunikasi dengan mahasiswa, menginformasikan, berkolaborasi dan menilai proses pembelajaran sehingga pembelajaran menjadi menyenangkan tanpa mengurangi esensi dari pendidikan tersebut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini menguji efektivitas metode flipped classroom terhadap hasil belajar mahasiswa Prodi S1 Keperawatan UNUSA. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian pre-eksperimen. Variabel bebas adalah Flipped Classroom dan variabel tergantung adalah hasil belajar. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua mahasiswa yang berada di semester VI Tahun Ajaran 2017/2018 Program Studi S1 Keperawatan Fakultas Keperawatan dan Kebidanan Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Surabaya. Kriteria inklusi pada penelitian ini adalah status mahasiswa aktif TA 2017/2018 Genap, sudah mengambil mata kuliah Keperawatan Keluarga di KRS (Kartu Rencana Studi). Menggunakan tehnik stratified simple random sampling didapatkan jumlah sampel = 111 mahasiswa. Hasil penelitian dengan menggunakan uji Paired t-test didapatkan hasil p value sebesar 0,000 dengan nilai tscore sebesar -7,502. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa ada perbedaan nilai pre-test dan nilai post-test setelah diberikan metode flipped classroom. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah setelah dilakukan metode pembelajaran Flipped Classroom pada mata ajar asuhan keperawatan keluarga terjadi kenaikan hasil belajar.
世界教育发展如此迅速,所以需要新的方法来支持相关在课堂上喜欢学习新的教育模式的有效性和独特的方法仍然可以交流,通知学生合作学习过程和判断,使学习变得有趣而减少这些教育的精髓。这项研究的目的是测试Prodi S1 UNUSA nurses学生学习成绩的等级制度的有效性。这种研究是实验前的研究。自由变量是Flipped Classroom,变量取决于学习结果。本研究的学生全部是2018 /2018年第六学期护理学院学士学位研究和助产科大学Nahdlatul Ulama给学生们。本研究的纳入标准是活跃的大学生状态TA 2018 /2018什,已经在KRS上完成了家庭护理课程。使用简单的随机抽样技术获得样本数量= 111名学生。利用测试测试获得的p值为g值为g - 7.502的研究结果。这表明,在采用flipped classroom的方法后,预验值和post- tee值有差异。这项研究的结论是,在家庭护理护理护理课程的Flipped课堂学习方法之后,学习成绩上升。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Journal of Health Science
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