Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology最新文献

Background: The burgeoning interest in implant and regenerative dental care has led to a notable upsurge in the utilization of regenerative modalities. The intent of the present investigation was to evaluate the osteogenic ability of two different concentrated platelet groups at various concentrations in the human osteosarcoma MG-63 cell line.

Materials and methods: Blood samples from 21 volunteers with chronic periodontitis were collected which were then centrifuged in accordance with the protocols of Choukroun et al. and Miron et al. to produce leukocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) and injectable platelet-rich fibrin (I-PRF), respectively. Following MG-63 cell culture, the osteogenic ability of 0, 4%, and 20% concentrations of both L-PRF and I-PRF were determined using the real-time polymerase chain reaction assay.

Results: The results showed that 20% I-PRF (1.52 ± 0.24) and 4% L-PRF (1.42 ± 0.37) had the highest amount of bone morphogenetic protein 2 and osteocalcin, respectively.

Conclusion: I-PRF appears to promote the initial differentiation of cells.

Deficiency of peri-implant tissue contours is commonly seen due to the process of alveolar ridge resorption after tooth loss. Minor deficiencies can be effectively managed by soft-tissue augmentation procedures to create a more biomimetic tissue contour. The minimally invasive roll technique is a modification of the palatal roll-flap technique and can be carried out at both stages of implant surgery. In this technique, the crestal keratinized tissue is marked and de-epithelialized using a circular partial-thickness incision. The crestal connective tissue is then reflected using a lingual full-thickness semi-circular incision, keeping the buccal attachment intact. This buccal attachment serves as the pedicle. The crestal connective tissue is then rolled into a pouch on the buccal aspect of the ridge to obtain soft-tissue augmentation. The present case study documents the clinical results of the minimally invasive roll flap technique (MIRT) in three clinical scenarios, namely single-stage implant surgery, second-stage implant surgery, and anterior esthetic soft-tissue contouring. In all the cases, excellent soft-tissue contour and thickness has been obtained around dental implants. The MIRT is a simple and efficient technique for areas that require minor soft-tissue augmentation. The technique can be used both in the maxilla and the mandible and facilitates a suture-free surgery.

Background: Porphyromonas gingivalis, highly virulent bacteria, is said to play an important role in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Chronic periodontitis (CP) is a microbial-induced inflammatory disease leading to tooth loss if undetected and untreated. RA is a systemic inflammatory disease affecting the joints with subsequent morbidity and mortality. These two diseases share a common pathobiology. Although the presence of P. gingivalis has been investigated as a bridging link between these two diseases, its quantification has not been fully elicited. Hence, this case-control study primarily aimed at quantifying P. gingivalis using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and secondarily assess the influence of age and gender on the clinical and biochemical parameters of these two diseases.

Materials and methods: The study population consisted of 51 patients divided into two age groups, i.e., 35-55 and 55-76 years. Twenty-five patients belonged to the test group (RA with CP) and 26 to the control group (CP without RA). Both the groups were analyzed for quantification of P. gingivalis using the qPCR technique along with periodontal and biochemical parameters. The study also analyzed the influence of age and gender on clinical characteristics.

Results: P. gingivalis count was exponentially raised in younger females having CP with RA. Age had no effect on clinical variables in CP patients with and without RA. However, gender comparison revealed RA factor and erythrocyte sedimentation rate to be more sensitive for females with significant relationship.

Conclusion: P. gingivalis count increased exponentially in CP patients with RA compared to those without RA. Younger females harbored more P. gingivalis.

Background: The influence of periodontal phenotype (PP) has been documented in the outcomes of various surgical periodontal interventions such as crown lengthening, mucogingival surgery, implant restoration, and open flap debridement. Previous studies with smaller sample sizes have assessed the role of PP on the outcome of nonsurgical periodontal therapy with inconsistent results.

Aim: The aim of the current interventional study is to estimate the influence of PP on the outcome of subgingival instrumentation in Stage II and III, Grade A and B periodontitis.

Materials and methods: Fifty-two patients (n = 27 thick PP and n = 25 thin PP) underwent subgingival instrumentation using ultrasonic scalers and curettes under local anesthesia in a single sitting, and periodontal parameters were recorded at baseline, 2, 4, and 6 months. The McNemar and Chi-square tests were applied for categorical data, whereas the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Mann-Whitney U-test were applied for continuous data in intra- and intergroup comparisons, respectively.

Results: Significantly better improvements in deeper pockets (>5 mm) with thick PP were observed. Loss of attachment was found in thin, bleeding on probing (BOP)-negative sites with an initial probing depth of ≤3 mm. However, BOP-positive sites belonging to both groups exhibited higher improvements in terms of clinical parameters.

Conclusion: Probing depth, PP, and periodontal inflammation recorded in terms of BOP influence the gain in clinical attachment following subgingival instrumentation.

Background: This cross-sectional study compared the nutritional status of chronic periodontitis (CP) patients who presented with various degrees of severity with systemically healthy individuals using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA^®) tool along with laboratory analysis of macro- and micronutrients.

Materials and methods: This research enrolled a total of 84 participants, of which 63 belonged to the CP group while 21 served as healthy controls. The CP patients were divided into three groups of 21 each, based on severity as mild, moderate, and severe. Clinical periodontal parameters (plaque index, bleeding on probing, probing depth, clinical attachment level/loss, total number of teeth present [NOT-P], furcation involvement, pathological migration, and tooth mobility), biochemical parameters (lipid, protein, iron profiles, and Vitamin D₃ and B₁₂), and the MNA^® tool were used to assess the nutritional status of all the participants. The results were analyzed statistically.

Results: NOT-P, MNA score, lipid profile (except very-low-density lipoprotein), iron profile (except total iron-binding capacity), and Vitamin D₃ showed high significant differences (P < 0.001) among the groups. However, Vitamin B₁₂ and protein profile except for total protein revealed significant differences (P < 0.05).

Conclusion: CP can be a contributing risk factor for the development of malnutrition. MNA^® tool can be used for assessing the nutritional status of CP patients.

Plasmacytoid mucositis is a rare form of periodontal disease characterized by the infiltration of plasma cells into the gingival tissues. This case report highlights a unique case of plasmacytoid mucositis with periodontal involvement in a young woman. A 32-year-old female presented with gingival hyperplasia and cheilitis. The clinical examination revealed the presence of deep periodontal pockets, severe gingival inflammation, and bone loss. The patient was treated with a combination of nonsurgical periodontal therapy, systemic antibiotics, and oral hygiene instructions. After 2 months of the treatment, the patient showed significant improvement in the clinical parameters. This case report adds to the existing literature on this condition, emphasizing the importance of early diagnosis and prompt treatment. It highlights the need for a multidisciplinary approach involving periodontists, histopathologists, and microbiologists. The lesson to be learned from this case report is that plasmacytoid periodontitis should be considered and a biopsy should be performed to confirm the diagnosis.

Background: In the last quarter of the 20^th century, dedicated efforts have been made to use phytochemicals in the prevention of periodontal diseases, but the darker side of the coin is that we have hardly encountered studies with a scientific basis to prove the specific role of phytochemicals against dental plaque.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the antiplaque activity of Curcuma longa, Spilanthes acmella, and Quercus infectoria and to determine the antigingivitis activity of the extract, which shows high antiplaque potential.

Materials and methods: Sixteen volunteers were selected as subjects in this biphasic study. In the first phase, 10 volunteers were subjected to topical application of aqueous ethanolic extract (1%) of C. longa, Q. infectoria, and S. acmella on the labial/buccal and lingual/palatal surfaces of 28 teeth. In the second phase, the extract showing the highest efficacy was selected to assess its antigingivitis activity on all the surfaces of six mandibular anterior teeth of six gingivitis patients. The percentage plaque reduction was calculated by dividing the difference of the base and end scores by the baseline scores.

Results: C. longa demonstrated superior results as it showed the maximum reduction in plaque formation. Antigingivitis activity of long-term topical application of 1% C. longa was depicted in independent clusters in different volunteers selected for the study. Only after 2 weeks, the treatment score was found to be statistically significant to depict optimal results.

Conclusion: C. longa can be considered the best at reducing plaque. The antigingivitis activity of C. longa ranked reasonably satisfactory and comparable to the existing data for commercially available drugs.

Background: A 10-year survival analysis was performed to assess the predictive validity of the periodontal risk score (formerly known as Miller-McEntire Periodontal Prognostic Index [MMPPI]) to predict long-term survival of periodontally diseased molars in a longitudinally assessed cohort.

Materials and methods: The MMPPI scores were computed at baseline by summarizing scores allocated for individual factors. The cohort was treated, followed up, and placed under regular periodontal maintenance. Molar survival data collected up to 10 years of follow-up were analyzed. Cox proportional regression was performed, and hazards ratio (HR) were computed for each prognostic factor and the MMPPI score. To estimate the predictive value of MMPPI, a receiver operating curve (ROC) curve analysis was performed.

Results: From 1032 molars, 155 molars were extracted over the 10-year follow-up duration. Cox proportional hazard analysis showed significant hazard ratios for tooth loss for the component variables significant HR was noted for age: 4.92 (3.34:7.27), smoking: 1.74 (1.38-2.22), diabetes: 1.66 (1.49-1.86), molar type: 1.39 (1.15-1.67), probing depth: 2.00 (1.63-2.46), furcation: 2.64 (2.30-3.03), mobility: 3.45 (2.98-4.01), and total MMPPI score: 1.98 (1.85-2.12). ROC curve analysis showed an area under the curve value of 0.94 for the MMPPI index as a predictor of molar loss at 8 years, and the Youden index was maximized at the optimal cutoff point score of 7.

Conclusions: All component scores of MMPPI showed significant hazard ratios at 10 years. These findings support the previous results from the 5-year analysis of this university-based cohort and warrant validation in independent cohorts.