{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"46 ","pages":"Pages ii-iii"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147042736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"46 ","pages":"Pages 195-202"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147042737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2025.12.007
Shuwei Fan , Yuzhuo Gong , Chunxiao Chen , Jingchao Shi , Cong Wu
Objectives
The objective of this study was to elucidate the genetic context and characterize chromosome co-carrying blaAFM-1 and blaIMP-1 in a multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas kurunegalensis (P. kurunegalensis) isolate obtained from human urine using whole-genome sequencing.
Methods
This P. kurunegalensis isolate JC172 co-harbouring blaAFM-1 and blaIMP-1 underwent a comprehensive investigation that included antimicrobial susceptibility testing, conjugation assays, whole-genome sequencing and bioinformatic analyses. To depict the evolutionary dynamics of P. kurunegalensis strains on a global scale, a phylogenetic tree was generated based on single nucleotide polymorphisms of core genomes.
Results
JC172 was classified as P. kurunegalensis based on sequencing results and average nucleotide identity (ANI) assessments. This isolate was designated as ST114 and possesses a chromosome with 5 855 340 base pairs, exhibiting a GC content of 61.9%. Several resistance genes, including blaAFM-1 and blaIMP-1, blaOXA-246 and tmexC3D2-toprJ1 were identified on the chromosome. Genomic analysis revealed that blaAFM-1 was situated within a core module of the TnAs3-blaAFM-1 unit, which is bordered by class 1 integrons. This arrangement implies a significant potential for blaAFM-1 dissemination.
Conclusions
Our study revealed that blaAFM-1 and blaIMP-1, blaOXA-246 and tmexC3D2-toprJ1 were harboured by P. kurunegalensis. We suggested that ST114 P. kurunegalensis may serve as a reservoir for resistance genes.
{"title":"First identification of a multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas kurunegalensis clinical isolate co-carrying blaAFM-1 and blaIMP-1 in China","authors":"Shuwei Fan , Yuzhuo Gong , Chunxiao Chen , Jingchao Shi , Cong Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.12.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.12.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The objective of this study was to elucidate the genetic context and characterize chromosome co-carrying <em>bla</em><sub>AFM-1</sub> and <em>bla</em><sub>IMP-1</sub> in a multidrug-resistant <em>Pseudomonas kurunegalensis</em> (<em>P. kurunegalensis</em>) isolate obtained from human urine using whole-genome sequencing.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This <em>P. kurunegalensis</em> isolate JC172 co-harbouring <em>bla</em><sub>AFM-1</sub> and <em>bla</em><sub>IMP-1</sub> underwent a comprehensive investigation that included antimicrobial susceptibility testing, conjugation assays, whole-genome sequencing and bioinformatic analyses. To depict the evolutionary dynamics of <em>P. kurunegalensis</em> strains on a global scale, a phylogenetic tree was generated based on single nucleotide polymorphisms of core genomes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>JC172 was classified as <em>P. kurunegalensis</em> based on sequencing results and average nucleotide identity (ANI) assessments. This isolate was designated as ST114 and possesses a chromosome with 5 855 340 base pairs, exhibiting a GC content of 61.9%. Several resistance genes, including <em>bla</em><sub>AFM-1</sub> and <em>bla</em><sub>IMP-1</sub>, <em>bla</em><sub>OXA-246</sub> and <em>tmexC3D2-toprJ1</em> were identified on the chromosome. Genomic analysis revealed that <em>bla</em><sub>AFM-1</sub> was situated within a core module of the <em>TnAs3</em>-<em>bla</em><sub>AFM-1</sub> unit, which is bordered by class 1 integrons. This arrangement implies a significant potential for <em>bla</em><sub>AFM-1</sub> dissemination.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our study revealed that <em>bla</em><sub>AFM-1</sub> and <em>bla</em><sub>IMP-1</sub>, <em>bla</em><sub>OXA-246</sub> and <em>tmexC3D2-toprJ1</em> were harboured by <em>P. kurunegalensis</em>. We suggested that ST114 <em>P. kurunegalensis</em> may serve as a reservoir for resistance genes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"46 ","pages":"Pages 162-165"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145756847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2025.12.010
Edoardo Carretto , Stefano Andreoni , Richard Aschbacher , Daniela Barbarini , Simone Bramati , Flavia Brovarone , Claudio Farina , Angela Papa , Andrea Rocchetti , Giuseppe Russello , Vittorio Sambri , Assunta Sartor , Paolo Gaibani
Objectives
The rise of antimicrobial resistance poses a major challenge for both clinicians and clinical microbiologists. There is an increasing need for user-friendly and reliable methods to assess the activity of antibiotics against multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains. Although synergy testing provides valuable insights, conventional methods such as checkerboard assays and time-kill studies are labour-intensive, technically demanding, and difficult to standardize. This study evaluated the MTS™ SAS (MIC Test Strip – Synergy Application System, Liofilchem, Italy), a commercial gradient diffusion assay developed for antibiotic synergy testing.
Methods
The performance of MTS™ SAS was evaluated in comparison with the checkerboard microdilution method, used as the reference standard. Nine antibiotic combinations were tested against ten different bacterial strains across 11 Italian hospitals. Inter-laboratory reproducibility and agreement with the reference method were analysed.
Results
The concordance between MIC test strips and the broth microdilution (BMD) method was 98.4%, with 1.6% showing discordant results – all within a 3-dilution range. Among 996 synergy determinations, MTS™ SAS demonstrated high reproducibility across all centers (96.7%), while only 3.3% of tests showed discordant synergy classifications (e.g., synergy vs. indifference). Comparison with the checkerboard method demonstrated an overall concordance of 96.2%, despite the absence of specific operator training at each site.
Conclusion
These findings support MTS™ SAS as a practical and reliable alternative to conventional synergy testing methods, particularly suitable for routine clinical settings and laboratories lacking advanced microbiological expertise.
{"title":"Multicentric evaluation of the MTS™ Synergy Application System for reliable antibiotic synergy testing in clinical laboratories","authors":"Edoardo Carretto , Stefano Andreoni , Richard Aschbacher , Daniela Barbarini , Simone Bramati , Flavia Brovarone , Claudio Farina , Angela Papa , Andrea Rocchetti , Giuseppe Russello , Vittorio Sambri , Assunta Sartor , Paolo Gaibani","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.12.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.12.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The rise of antimicrobial resistance poses a major challenge for both clinicians and clinical microbiologists. There is an increasing need for user-friendly and reliable methods to assess the activity of antibiotics against multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains. Although synergy testing provides valuable insights, conventional methods such as checkerboard assays and time-kill studies are labour-intensive, technically demanding, and difficult to standardize. This study evaluated the MTS™ SAS (MIC Test Strip – Synergy Application System, Liofilchem, Italy), a commercial gradient diffusion assay developed for antibiotic synergy testing.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The performance of MTS™ SAS was evaluated in comparison with the checkerboard microdilution method, used as the reference standard. Nine antibiotic combinations were tested against ten different bacterial strains across 11 Italian hospitals. Inter-laboratory reproducibility and agreement with the reference method were analysed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The concordance between MIC test strips and the broth microdilution (BMD) method was 98.4%, with 1.6% showing discordant results – all within a 3-dilution range. Among 996 synergy determinations, MTS™ SAS demonstrated high reproducibility across all centers (96.7%), while only 3.3% of tests showed discordant synergy classifications (e.g., synergy vs. indifference). Comparison with the checkerboard method demonstrated an overall concordance of 96.2%, despite the absence of specific operator training at each site.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings support MTS™ SAS as a practical and reliable alternative to conventional synergy testing methods, particularly suitable for routine clinical settings and laboratories lacking advanced microbiological expertise.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"46 ","pages":"Pages 209-213"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145804298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"46 ","pages":"Pages 214-226"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147042715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"46 ","pages":"Pages 235-240"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147042716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"46 ","pages":"Pages 283-287"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147042725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"47 ","pages":"Pages 9-19"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147268613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"47 ","pages":"Pages 41-48"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147268614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-02DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2025.11.019
Zhiqiang Zhu , Xiaofei Zhao , Zhaokun Fan , Ying Fu , Xi Li , Meizhen Ye
Objective
Raoultella ornithinolytica, a species within Enterobacteriaceae, is rarely multidrug-resistant. Here, we report a carbapenem-resistant R. ornithinolytica carrying blaOXA-181 and elucidate its genomic characteristics for the first time in China.
Methods
Antimicrobial susceptibility testing and hybrid whole-genome sequencing were conducted on the R. ornithinolytica strain CRRAO31010. Comprehensive in silico analyses of virulence determinants, resistance genes, and their genetic contexts were performed. Conjugation experiments were conducted with Escherichia coli J53 as the recipient to assess the transferability of blaOXA-181. In addition, we combined our isolate with 56 R. ornithinolytica strains bearing the blaOXA-181 gene retrieved from the NCBI database for phylogenetic analysis.
Results
R. ornithinolytica strain CRRAO31010 is a carbapenem-resistant strain characterized by its production of the OXA-181 enzyme, which confers resistance to multiple antibiotics. WGS revealed 22 antimicrobial resistance genes in CRRAO31010, including blaOXA-181 carried on a ColKP3-IncX3 hybrid plasmid. This plasmid was conjugated into E. coli J53 with a conjugation frequency of approximately 2.5 × 10−6 per donor cell. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the earliest R. ornithinolytica strain carrying the blaOXA-181 gene was detected in the United Kingdom in 2019. The United States had the highest number of OXA-181-carrying R. ornithinolytica strains. Notably, IncX3-type plasmids had the highest prevalence (96.49%, 55/57) among these isolates.
Conclusions
We report the first carbapenem-resistant R. ornithinolytica strain harbouring the blaOXA-181 gene on a ColKP3-IncX3 hybrid plasmid from China. Given the high conjugative potential of IncX3 plasmids, vigilance is required to monitor the dissemination of such resistance determinants within R. ornithinolytica.
{"title":"Genomic and phylogenetic analysis of a carbapenem-resistant Raoultella ornithinolytica clinical isolate carrying blaOXA-181 from China","authors":"Zhiqiang Zhu , Xiaofei Zhao , Zhaokun Fan , Ying Fu , Xi Li , Meizhen Ye","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.11.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.11.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div><em>Raoultella ornithinolytica</em>, a species within <em>Enterobacteriaceae</em>, is rarely multidrug-resistant. Here, we report a carbapenem-resistant <em>R. ornithinolytica</em> carrying <em>bla</em><sub>OXA-181</sub> and elucidate its genomic characteristics for the first time in China.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Antimicrobial susceptibility testing and hybrid whole-genome sequencing were conducted on the <em>R. ornithinolytica</em> strain CRRAO31010. Comprehensive in silico analyses of virulence determinants, resistance genes, and their genetic contexts were performed. Conjugation experiments were conducted with <em>Escherichia coli</em> J53 as the recipient to assess the transferability of <em>bla</em><sub>OXA-181</sub>. In addition, we combined our isolate with 56 <em>R. ornithinolytica</em> strains bearing the <em>bla</em><sub>OXA-181</sub> gene retrieved from the NCBI database for phylogenetic analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div><em>R. ornithinolytica</em> strain CRRAO31010 is a carbapenem-resistant strain characterized by its production of the OXA-181 enzyme, which confers resistance to multiple antibiotics. WGS revealed 22 antimicrobial resistance genes in CRRAO31010, including <em>bla</em><sub>OXA-181</sub> carried on a ColKP3-IncX3 hybrid plasmid. This plasmid was conjugated into <em>E. coli</em> J53 with a conjugation frequency of approximately 2.5 × 10<sup>−6</sup> per donor cell. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the earliest <em>R. ornithinolytica</em> strain carrying the <em>bla</em><sub>OXA-181</sub> gene was detected in the United Kingdom in 2019. The United States had the highest number of OXA-181-carrying <em>R. ornithinolytica strains</em>. Notably, IncX3-type plasmids had the highest prevalence (96.49%, 55/57) among these isolates.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>We report the first carbapenem-resistant <em>R. ornithinolytica</em> strain harbouring the <em>bla</em><sub>OXA-181</sub> gene on a ColKP3-IncX3 hybrid plasmid from China. Given the high conjugative potential of IncX3 plasmids, vigilance is required to monitor the dissemination of such resistance determinants within <em>R. ornithinolytica</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"46 ","pages":"Pages 128-131"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145668726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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