Journal of immunoassay & immunochemistry最新文献

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most prevalent primary cancer of the liver and it is the fourth most common cause of cancer related death worldwide. In Egypt, liver cancer constitutes the most common cause of mortality-related cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of SET oncoprotein in HCC tissues in comparison with its expression in non tumorous liver tissues and to correlate its expression with clinicopathological parameters. This study investigated 100 cases of HCC (including tumorous and non tumorous tissues). One hundred percent of tumorous and non-tumorous tissues were positive for SET expression. The mean and median values of H-score for SET expression were higher in tumorous than non tumorous tissues (P = .03). Higher SET expression was significantly correlated with larger tumor size (P = .012), positive lymphovascular invasion (P = .028), and shorter overall survival (P < .001). SET expression in tumor tissues is the most independent factor to affect the overall survival of HCC patients. SET plays a role in hepatocarcinogenesis proved by the increase of SET expression from non-tumorous to tumorous tissues. Also, SET can be used as a prognostic indicator and a novel target therapy in HCC patients.

Infection by Japanese Encephalitis Virus (JEV) causes viral encephalitis in humans. It is endemic in Asia and western Pacific regions with no reported case in Nigeria so far. This study aimed at detecting evidence of circulation and pattern of exposure of individuals in Ilorin, Nigeria to JEV. A total of 139 febrile patients attending outpatient departments of Sobi specialist hospital, Civil service hospital and University of Ilorin health center participated in the study. About 5 ml of venous blood was collected from each participant and the plasma tested for the presence of anti-JEV IgG antibody using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) technique. Anti-JEV IgG antibody was detected in 32% (45/139) of the participants. Males were more exposed (37%) than female participants (27.3%). Similarly, participants with travel history outside of the country were more exposed (44.4%) than those without travel history (29.5%). Further analysis on the basis of age, marital and working status showed no statistical association between these variables and anti-JEV positivity (p˃0.05). This study has provided serological evidence of the circulation of JEV among Ilorin inhabitants and therefore calls for active surveillance for the infection in order to forestall any future major outbreak.

Hepatitis B viral infection could be complicated by hepatocellular degeneration, liver cirrhosis, and cancer. A total of 87 participants - 29 each of symptomatic and asymptomatic hepatitis B positive, and hepatitis B negative individuals (controls) - were recruited, and their serum samples were evaluated for serum telomerase (a biomarker for cell aging and tumorigenesis), alpha fetoprotein, and liver enzymes. Serum telomerase of the symptomatic group was higher than that of the asymptomatic group and the control (P < .001). Serum α-fetoprotein in the symptomatic group was also higher than the asymptomatic group and the controls (P < .001). The mean AST value for the symptomatic test group was higher than the asymptomatic test group and the control (P < .001). The mean ALT value for the symptomatic test group was higher than the asymptomatic test group and the control (P < .001). However, serum α-fetoprotein, AST, and ALT in the asymptomatic group were not significantly different from the controls. Serum telomerase activity was higher in symptomatic and asymptomatic HBV subjects compared with controls; this provides better information than AFP and liver enzymes that were only higher in symptomatic subjects. Serum telomerase activity could therefore be used as a marker in predicting the onset of hepatocarcinogenesis.Abbreviation listHBV: Hepatitis B virus; AFP: Alpha fetoprotein; ALT: Alanine transaminase; AST: Aspartate transaminase; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; ELISA: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; CLD: Chronic liver disease; CMV: Cytomegalovirus; TERT: Telomerase reverse transcriptase; TERC: Telomerase RNA component; WHO: World Health Organization; BUHREC: Babcock University Health Research Ethics Committee; CTL: Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte.

Complete blood count (CBC) parameters and lymphocyte-related ratios are found to be associated with inflammation and increased cytokine production. In Opioid Use Disorder (OUD), CBC parameters can be examined as the inflammatory (oxidative stress) biomarkers which could be used as an objective marker to support the OUD diagnosis and could be used as a disease severity marker. CBC parameters of 142 patients with OUD were examined. Lymphocytes, monocytes, basophiles, eosinophils and platelet counts (PLT), red blood cell levels (HGB), mean erythrocyte volume (MCV) and lymphocyte-related ratios were calculated. The control group consisted of 140 healthy individuals. WBC, neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, platelet count, neutrophil, basophil percentage, neutrophil/ lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte/lymphocyte ratio (MLR) values were significantly higher in OUD group. Lymphocyte, basophil percentage, basophile/lymphocyte ratio (BLR), red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin were significantly higher in control group. Mean platelet volume (MPV), eosinophil/lymphocyte ratio (ELR), platelet/ lymphocyte ratio (PLR) values were not significant yet higher in the OUD group. CBC and related parameters (WBC, neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, platelet count, neutrophil, basophil percentage, NLR, MLR) were found to be significantly higher in the OUD group. Evaluation of CBC parameters could be useful in treatment and follow-up of patients with OUD.

Some studies suggest that thyroid hormones and disorders can influence breast (BC) and ovarian (OC) cancers risks. However, studies regarding their effect on these tumors progression are limited. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), T4, free T4 (FT4), T3, and free T3 (FT3) were detected in patients with BC, OC, benign breast and ovary diseases, and healthy controls using highly sensitive chemiluminescence assay. In contrast to OC, hypothyroidism prevalence was associated with BC late stage (11/24 vs. 2/46), high grade (11/23 vs. 4/47), lymph node invasion (11/42 vs. 0/28), positive distant metastasis (11/25 vs. 1/45), and large tumor size (14/25 vs. 1/45) compared to tumor early stages, low grades, negative lymph node, and distant metastasis and small size, respectively. Patients with late stage, high grade, large tumor size, positive lymph nodes, or positive distant metastasis were significantly (P < 0.05) associated with elevated levels of TSH and decreased levels of T4, FT4, T3, and FT3. There were both significant positive correlation of serum TSH and significant inverse correlation of T4, FT4, T3, and FT3 with these tumor worse outcomes. In conclusion, our results identify hypothyroidism as potentially important prognostic factor in BC not in OC that is associated with poor outcomes of BC patients.

Aim of this work was to verify the analytical performance of thyroid panel tests measured by chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) CL-1200i and to validate its efficacy as laboratory test for thyroid disorder.Serum samples were obtained by standard centrifugation, thawed and assayed in a blinded fashion, and in a single batch. This study compares the values of thyroid panel tests measured by Mindray CL-1200i chemiluminescent system to the Abbott platforms for TSH, FT3, FT4, and Beckman Coulter for Tg, TgAb, and TPOAb on patient serum samples. A total of 180 randomly selected patients including both hospitalized and ambulatory patients from the Policlinico Tor Vergata (PTV) of the University of Rome Tor Vergata were used. In all analyses performed, the thyroid panel tests of the Mindray platform showed discriminative ability to quantitatively assess the analyte involved in thyroid disease and disorder. This study verified that Mindray CL-1200i chemiluminescent system thyroid panel tests is a valid method for obtaining a quantitative analysis of thyroid disorders. It showed high diagnostic efficiency and could represent a valid tool with a potential reduction in time and workload for the diagnosis.

Tuberculosis constitutes a global emergency as it affects one-third of the world's inhabitants. Although Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is curable, immunological responses to the infection induce several hematological derangements. This study evaluated the effect of PTB on natural anticoagulant activity and CBC indices. Ninety adults were recruited: 60 PTB patients and 30 non-TB controls. Blood specimens from each participant was tested for Proteins C and S, Antithrombin-III and CBC. Pulmonary TB was associated with significantly reduced Protein C activity (101.46 [87.61-128.3] vs 121.44 [99.50-149.8] IU/L, p= 0.038), RBC (p< 0.0001), HgB (p= 0.0019), HCT (p< 0.0001), MCV (p= 0.0133) and PDW (p< 0.0001) compared to controls. Conversely, PTB patients were associated with significantly increased MCH (p= 0.0086), TWBC (p= 0.0047), Abs. GRAN (p= 0.0226), RDW-CV (p< 0.0001), MCHC (p< 0.0001) and MPV (p= 0.0027) compared to controls. The PTB patients were disproportionately affected with anemia (91.7%, p= 0.001), erythrocytopenia (75.0%, p≤ 0.001) and reduced HCT (80.0%, p≤ 0.001). The frequency of thrombocytosis, leucocytosis, and granulocytosis (50.0%, p= 0.013; 23.3%, p= 0.013; 18.3%, p= 0.025; respectively) in PTB patients were significantly higher than in controls. PTB predisposes to hypercoagulability and causes derangements in erythrocytes, leucocytes, and thrombocytes, and disproportionately causes anemia. Measurement of Protein C activity and CBC indices are useful in the management of PTB patients.

Bladder carcinoma is the second most frequent cancer in Egyptian males. Leucine-rich and immunoglobulin-like domains (LRIGs) are usually dysregulated in various human tumors. The aim of this study is to explore the immunohistochemical expression of LRIG2 and LRIG3 in urothelial bladder carcinoma (UBC) and their relationship to patients clinicopathological data including survival. The study cohort included 79 UBC cases (14 non muscle invasive (NMI) and 65 muscle invasive (MI)). We assessed the associations of LRIG2 and LRIG3 expression with clinicopathological data, as well as progression-free and overall survival. Most of studied cases (>50%) express LRIG2 and LRIG3. Statistically significant association was observed between positivity for LRIG3 and muscle invasion (P = 0.001), high grade (P = 0.03), and female gender (P = 0.02). Moreover, positive LRIG2 staining was associated with early stage (T2) (P = 0.03), lymphovascular invasion (P = 0.004), and tendency to non-muscle invasive stage (P = 0.07). Grouping of cases according to positivity/negativity of both markers showed that cases with dual positivity for both proteins are associated with muscle invasion (P = 0.001) and paradoxically with prolonged overall survival (P = 0.037). We conclude that although the association of LRIG3 with MI and high-grade tumors, its expression is related to better survival. LRIG3 has the dominant role even if it coexists with LRIG2. The role of LRIG2 remains to be further investigated.

This study aimed to purify human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) from the urine of pregnant women with high biological activity (10811 IU/mg) and purity (98.2%), by simple capturing of HCG using DEAE Sepharose FF and polishing using Sephacryl S200 HR. The HCG obtained was characterized by SDS-PAGE and dissociated into alpha and beta subunits using the urea treatment method. The βHCG subunits were injected into rabbits for the production of highly specific polyclonal anti-βHCG antisera. The polyclonal anti-βHCG was locally produced in rabbits and assessed for binding titer (1/10000), displacement (84.8%), and specificity (98.8%). Purified HCG along with locally prepared polyclonal anti-βHCG antisera were used as basic components of the in-house Radioimmunoassay system for quantitative estimation of HCG in human serum.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections in men and women. Most HPV studies have focused on vaccination toward women to prevent consequences of developing cervical cancer. However, persistent infections can cause penile, anal, and oropharyngeal cancers in men. Therefore, recent public health recommendations toward vaccination in men have been raised. There is limited HPV prevalence data among men in many countries, including Thailand. We conducted HPV sera IgG ELISA testing on a repository sera of Thai men (average age 21 years old) entering the Royal Thai Army as recruits in 2013 (n = 1000). HPV IgG antibodies against virus-like particles of HPV- type 6, 11, 16e, and 18 were evaluated using a commercial ELISA kit. Overall, the anti-HPV IgG was 47% (95% CI: 44%-50%). HPV seroprevalence was significantly associated with residence regions with the highest prevalence in South (64%), but not associated with educational level, marital status, or type of residence. This data suggested that almost half of the Thai men in this cohort were exposed to HPV by the age of 21. Thus, HPV vaccination provided to male adolescents should be considered for disease prevention and minimizing transmission to sexual partners.