Introduction and Aim: Public procurement is a demand-side policy of technology and a significant section of the economy, the development of which requires understanding the conditions and accessing valid information. The present study has extracted the evidence-based public procurement outcomes in technology development of medical devices. Materials and Methods: Using narrative review method, 262 evidence were selected among the 787 evidence found, including books, articles, national and international reports and theses from Google Scholar, Elsevier, Emerald, Taylor and Francis, Wiley Online Library including books, articles, reports made by national and international documents and theses, and 52 were cited considering the need and the content. Results: Based on extracted concepts, the aspects of the effect of public procurement of medical devices were categorized into five categories, including technology and innovation development, technology diffusion and transfer, demand-oriented policy development, centralized procurement promotion, and local product development. Conclusion: The role of the government in the technology development of the medical devices requires more attention because the proper design and implementation of centralized public procurement policy of medical devices by creating competition among producers can lead to technology development and promotion. However, it may mutually increase the price of medical devices and limit the use of these devices and hinder innovation and the introduction of the new technologies.
引言和目的:公共采购是技术的需求方政策，也是经济的重要组成部分，其发展需要了解条件和获取有效信息。本研究提取了医疗器械技术开发中的循证公共采购成果。材料与方法:采用叙述回顾法，从检索到的787项证据中，选取262项证据，包括Google Scholar、Elsevier、Emerald、Taylor and Francis的图书、文章、国内外报告和论文，Wiley Online Library的图书、文章、国内外文献报告和论文，根据需要和内容引用52项。结果:根据提取的概念，将医疗器械公共采购的效果分为技术与创新发展、技术扩散与转移、需求导向政策制定、集中采购促进和地方产品开发等5个方面。结论:政府在医疗器械技术开发中的作用需要引起更多的重视，因为合理设计和实施医疗器械集中公共采购政策，通过生产者之间的竞争来促进技术的发展和推广。然而，这可能会相互增加医疗器械的价格，限制这些设备的使用，阻碍创新和引进新技术。
{"title":"Outcomes of public procurement in technology development of medical devices: A narrative review","authors":"R. Rezaee, Javad Noori, S. Mahmoudi, Reza Masaeli","doi":"10.4103/iahs.iahs_75_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/iahs.iahs_75_19","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and Aim: Public procurement is a demand-side policy of technology and a significant section of the economy, the development of which requires understanding the conditions and accessing valid information. The present study has extracted the evidence-based public procurement outcomes in technology development of medical devices. Materials and Methods: Using narrative review method, 262 evidence were selected among the 787 evidence found, including books, articles, national and international reports and theses from Google Scholar, Elsevier, Emerald, Taylor and Francis, Wiley Online Library including books, articles, reports made by national and international documents and theses, and 52 were cited considering the need and the content. Results: Based on extracted concepts, the aspects of the effect of public procurement of medical devices were categorized into five categories, including technology and innovation development, technology diffusion and transfer, demand-oriented policy development, centralized procurement promotion, and local product development. Conclusion: The role of the government in the technology development of the medical devices requires more attention because the proper design and implementation of centralized public procurement policy of medical devices by creating competition among producers can lead to technology development and promotion. However, it may mutually increase the price of medical devices and limit the use of these devices and hinder innovation and the introduction of the new technologies.","PeriodicalId":160562,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Health Sciences","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129299602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aims: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on perception of disease in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Materials and Methods: The quasi-experimental research method was pretest and posttest with control group. The statistical population of this study included patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in Semirom city which were selected 30 of whom through purposive sampling and randomly assigned to two groups (Acceptance and commitment Therapy (ACT) and control group). Before and after the intervention, the individuals in all two groups were evaluated with the Disease Perception Scale. Then, there was a weekly session acceptance and commitment therapy based on treatment protocols for IBS for the experimental group, and the control group received no intervention. Results: The findings showed that acceptance and commitment therapy had significant effects on the components of illness sequences (P < 0.001), personal control (P < 0.001), nature of illness (P < 0.001), control through treatment (P < 0.001), worrying about illness (P = 0.002), and affectional respond to illness (P < 0.001). Conclusion: In according to findings, it can be concluded that the acceptance and commitment therapy as an effective treatment can be used in acute disease situations for people to promote positive perception of their illness.
{"title":"The effectiveness of acceptance- and commitment-based therapy on perception of disease in patients with irritable bowel syndrome","authors":"Sedighe Aghalar, F. Manesh, N. Khorami, F. Hafezi","doi":"10.4103/iahs.iahs_80_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/iahs.iahs_80_19","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on perception of disease in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Materials and Methods: The quasi-experimental research method was pretest and posttest with control group. The statistical population of this study included patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in Semirom city which were selected 30 of whom through purposive sampling and randomly assigned to two groups (Acceptance and commitment Therapy (ACT) and control group). Before and after the intervention, the individuals in all two groups were evaluated with the Disease Perception Scale. Then, there was a weekly session acceptance and commitment therapy based on treatment protocols for IBS for the experimental group, and the control group received no intervention. Results: The findings showed that acceptance and commitment therapy had significant effects on the components of illness sequences (P < 0.001), personal control (P < 0.001), nature of illness (P < 0.001), control through treatment (P < 0.001), worrying about illness (P = 0.002), and affectional respond to illness (P < 0.001). Conclusion: In according to findings, it can be concluded that the acceptance and commitment therapy as an effective treatment can be used in acute disease situations for people to promote positive perception of their illness.","PeriodicalId":160562,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Health Sciences","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123119688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aims: Considering the role of management in the performance of the organizations, job leaving is important. Many factors affect on pjob leavening intention of persons, which one of them is stressors. Regarding the importance of this issue, the present study was conducted to determine the relationship between stressors and job leavening intention of health-care centers' managers. Materials and Methods: The present research is descriptive and correlational. The study population was managers of Kashan health-care centers by census method. The tools used in this study were questionnaires of Cammann et al.'s job leaving intention and stressors. Data were analyzed using SPSS16 software with methods of correlation and regression. Results: Results indicated a relationship between familial stressors, and finding a new job was significant (P = 0.016). Furthermore, the relationship between stressors and health-care centers was significant (P < 0.05). However, the relationship between stressors and job leaving intention was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Furthermore the frequencies of occupational stressors, social stressors, cultural stressors, economic stressors, familial stressors, personal stressors and total stressors were 51.1%, 44.5%, 30.7%, 22.6% and 26.3% respectively.. Conclusion: As mentioned by the results, health-care centers' managers were exposed to many stressors. Among these factors, the frequencies of occupational, social, cultural, and economic stressors were more than other stressors, eliminating that these factors can lead to the maintenance of physical and mental health of managers and enhancement of their work efficiency.
{"title":"Investigating the relationship between the stressors and job leaving intention of health-care centers' managers in Kashan in 2020","authors":"H. Akbari, Masoud Motalebi Kashani, Reihaneh Ghorbani Pour, Narjes Mogharabi Zadeh","doi":"10.4103/iahs.iahs_39_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/iahs.iahs_39_20","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: Considering the role of management in the performance of the organizations, job leaving is important. Many factors affect on pjob leavening intention of persons, which one of them is stressors. Regarding the importance of this issue, the present study was conducted to determine the relationship between stressors and job leavening intention of health-care centers' managers. Materials and Methods: The present research is descriptive and correlational. The study population was managers of Kashan health-care centers by census method. The tools used in this study were questionnaires of Cammann et al.'s job leaving intention and stressors. Data were analyzed using SPSS16 software with methods of correlation and regression. Results: Results indicated a relationship between familial stressors, and finding a new job was significant (P = 0.016). Furthermore, the relationship between stressors and health-care centers was significant (P < 0.05). However, the relationship between stressors and job leaving intention was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Furthermore the frequencies of occupational stressors, social stressors, cultural stressors, economic stressors, familial stressors, personal stressors and total stressors were 51.1%, 44.5%, 30.7%, 22.6% and 26.3% respectively.. Conclusion: As mentioned by the results, health-care centers' managers were exposed to many stressors. Among these factors, the frequencies of occupational, social, cultural, and economic stressors were more than other stressors, eliminating that these factors can lead to the maintenance of physical and mental health of managers and enhancement of their work efficiency.","PeriodicalId":160562,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Health Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127666818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Siponimod in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis","authors":"J. Rissardo, A. Caprara","doi":"10.4103/iahs.iahs_23_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/iahs.iahs_23_20","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":160562,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Health Sciences","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127828075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Modern technology in nursing practice is the application of organized knowledge and skills in the form of devices, medicines, vaccines, procedures, and systems developed to solve a health problem and improve quality of lives, but the compliance to the utilization of this new technology is still very low, especially in developing countries. It is therefore imperative to identify their fear and worries concerning the use of modern technology to care for patients. Consequently, this study objective is to assess the nurses' attitudes toward the use of modern technology to care for patients at Selected Public and Private Hospitals, Benin-City, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted with stratified sample technique to select 250 nurses from three selected hospitals in Benin-City, Edo State. A self-structured questionnaire with open and Likert scale questions used as instrument was administered to assess the nurses' attitudes toward the use of modern technology to care for patients. Data collected were analyzed using tables, percentages, means, and standard Deviation at 0.05 level of significance, through Statistical Package for Social Sciences software. Results: The result showed mean score of 2.23 (1.29) toward nurses' attitudes about the use of modern technology to care for patients. This study also revealed the barriers and the benefits of its adoption. Conclusion: The adoption of these technologies would be very easy as the attitude toward the adaptation is relatively high among nurses, if all the identified barriers and limitations are properly managed.
背景:现代技术在护理实践中是以设备、药物、疫苗、程序和系统的形式应用有组织的知识和技能，以解决健康问题和提高生活质量，但对这种新技术利用的依从性仍然很低，特别是在发展中国家。因此，必须确定他们对使用现代技术护理病人的恐惧和担忧。因此，本研究的目的是评估护士对使用现代技术来照顾病人在选定的公立和私立医院，贝宁市，尼日利亚的态度。材料与方法:采用分层抽样技术对江户州贝宁市三家选定医院的250名护士进行描述性横断面调查。采用开放性和李克特自构问卷作为工具，评估护士对使用现代技术护理患者的态度。使用Statistical Package for Social Sciences软件对收集的数据进行分析，采用表、百分比、均值和标准差，显著性水平为0.05。结果:结果显示护士对使用现代技术护理患者的态度平均得分为2.23分(1.29分)。这项研究还揭示了采用该技术的障碍和好处。结论:由于护士对这些技术的适应态度较高，如果对这些技术识别出的障碍和限制进行适当的管理，采用这些技术是很容易的。
{"title":"Assessing nurses' attitudes toward the use of modern technology to care for patients at Selected Public And Private Hospitals, Benin-City, Nigeria, 2020","authors":"O. Olorunfemi, N. Osunde, O. Olorunfemi, S. Adams","doi":"10.4103/iahs.iahs_25_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/iahs.iahs_25_20","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Modern technology in nursing practice is the application of organized knowledge and skills in the form of devices, medicines, vaccines, procedures, and systems developed to solve a health problem and improve quality of lives, but the compliance to the utilization of this new technology is still very low, especially in developing countries. It is therefore imperative to identify their fear and worries concerning the use of modern technology to care for patients. Consequently, this study objective is to assess the nurses' attitudes toward the use of modern technology to care for patients at Selected Public and Private Hospitals, Benin-City, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted with stratified sample technique to select 250 nurses from three selected hospitals in Benin-City, Edo State. A self-structured questionnaire with open and Likert scale questions used as instrument was administered to assess the nurses' attitudes toward the use of modern technology to care for patients. Data collected were analyzed using tables, percentages, means, and standard Deviation at 0.05 level of significance, through Statistical Package for Social Sciences software. Results: The result showed mean score of 2.23 (1.29) toward nurses' attitudes about the use of modern technology to care for patients. This study also revealed the barriers and the benefits of its adoption. Conclusion: The adoption of these technologies would be very easy as the attitude toward the adaptation is relatively high among nurses, if all the identified barriers and limitations are properly managed.","PeriodicalId":160562,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Health Sciences","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128259675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Aliabadi, Elnaz Taheri, Kamran Najafi, Farzaneh Mollabahrami, Sajjad Deyhim, M. Farhadian
Aims: Risk-taking behaviors in industries can be one of the essential reasons for unsafe behavior and incident. The purpose of this study was to investigate the interactions between risk-taking behaviors and personality dimensions and develop a model with partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Methodology: This cross-sectional analytical study was carried out on 96 participants in Hamadan in the west of Iran in 2016. Risk power and personality dimensions of individuals were evaluated using a questionnaire, and risk-taking behavior was also assessed using a balloon analog risk test. The data were modeled using PLS-SEM. Results: In females, the neuroticism dimension had a significant relationship with risk-taking behaviors (P < 0.001). Besides, in males, there was a significant relationship between risk-taking behaviors and extraversion (P < 0.001). Furthermore, people who were more inclined to social acceptance were more risk-averse and self-reported more risk-taking behaviors (P < 0.05). The results of this study showed that people with different personality dimensions have different risk-taking behaviors. Conclusion: Studying individuals and errors that may be committed, the system can be in a way that individuals' unsafe behaviors will reduce.
{"title":"Structural equation modeling of risk-taking behaviors based on personality dimensions and risk power","authors":"M. Aliabadi, Elnaz Taheri, Kamran Najafi, Farzaneh Mollabahrami, Sajjad Deyhim, M. Farhadian","doi":"10.4103/iahs.iahs_10_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/iahs.iahs_10_20","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: Risk-taking behaviors in industries can be one of the essential reasons for unsafe behavior and incident. The purpose of this study was to investigate the interactions between risk-taking behaviors and personality dimensions and develop a model with partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Methodology: This cross-sectional analytical study was carried out on 96 participants in Hamadan in the west of Iran in 2016. Risk power and personality dimensions of individuals were evaluated using a questionnaire, and risk-taking behavior was also assessed using a balloon analog risk test. The data were modeled using PLS-SEM. Results: In females, the neuroticism dimension had a significant relationship with risk-taking behaviors (P < 0.001). Besides, in males, there was a significant relationship between risk-taking behaviors and extraversion (P < 0.001). Furthermore, people who were more inclined to social acceptance were more risk-averse and self-reported more risk-taking behaviors (P < 0.05). The results of this study showed that people with different personality dimensions have different risk-taking behaviors. Conclusion: Studying individuals and errors that may be committed, the system can be in a way that individuals' unsafe behaviors will reduce.","PeriodicalId":160562,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Health Sciences","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126403051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Medical edification curated for COVID-19","authors":"S. Sasidharan, H. Dhillon, Shalendra Singh","doi":"10.4103/iahs.iahs_69_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/iahs.iahs_69_20","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":160562,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Health Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129141460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aims: The purpose of the present qualitative study was to investigate the consequences of an irrational prescription of medicine through in-depth interviews with various stakeholders. Materials and Methods: We used in-depth interviews for data gathering with a purposive sample of twenty participants who were selected according to their experience. We transcribed and analyzed interviews and identified, named, and coded the key themes with a sample of quotation. Results: In general, 14 subthemes or consequences were identified and classified, including health, economic, and social consequences. Some consequences are treatment failure, impose the financial costs to an individual and the government, waste of medicines, increase the financial burden of insurance organizations, trafficking medicine, disruption in the appropriate supply of medicine, deprive people needed for medicine, and deviation in policymaking. Conclusion: The present study provides evidence that confirms the induced demand effect on health, society, and economic. Hence, we recommend health practitioners plan the health education interventions to reduce unnecessary prescriptions of medicine and the consequences and prevent the induced demand for the prescription.
{"title":"Consequences of induced demand for medicine prescription: A qualitative study","authors":"Azam Mohamadloo, A. Ramezankhani","doi":"10.4103/iahs.iahs_38_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/iahs.iahs_38_20","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: The purpose of the present qualitative study was to investigate the consequences of an irrational prescription of medicine through in-depth interviews with various stakeholders. Materials and Methods: We used in-depth interviews for data gathering with a purposive sample of twenty participants who were selected according to their experience. We transcribed and analyzed interviews and identified, named, and coded the key themes with a sample of quotation. Results: In general, 14 subthemes or consequences were identified and classified, including health, economic, and social consequences. Some consequences are treatment failure, impose the financial costs to an individual and the government, waste of medicines, increase the financial burden of insurance organizations, trafficking medicine, disruption in the appropriate supply of medicine, deprive people needed for medicine, and deviation in policymaking. Conclusion: The present study provides evidence that confirms the induced demand effect on health, society, and economic. Hence, we recommend health practitioners plan the health education interventions to reduce unnecessary prescriptions of medicine and the consequences and prevent the induced demand for the prescription.","PeriodicalId":160562,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Health Sciences","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125512410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Saberi, H. Akbari, M. Mahdian, R. Pour, Mojtaba Behzadi, Mohammad Mazaheri Tehrani, R. Nezhad
Aims: Mental disorders such as depression, anxiety, and stress are important factors in determining the life quality as well as many social and economic problems in workers' life. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of psychological symptoms (depression, anxiety, and stress) among the examined workers in the periodic examinations of the medical centers of Kashan County during the 4-month period in 2018–2019. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted randomly on 154 workers examined in different industrial towns of Kashan County (5 areas). Data were collected using a DASS-42 questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS 16 software, using Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests for qualitative variables and t-test and ANOVA test for data analysis of quantitative variables. Results: The symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress were 18.83%, 33.12%, and 18.74%, respectively, in the present study. Moreover, the comparison of depression, anxiety, and stress with demographic variables showed a significant relationship between education level, employment type, and sex (P < 0.050). Conclusion: According to the results, workers' anxiety symptoms were more than depression and stress. Hence, it is essential to plan to identify such disorders in the workers to implement educational interventions and empowerment of these worthy people to increase mental health in the workplace.
{"title":"Frequency of depression, anxiety and stress among participated workers in periodic examinations of occupational medicine centers in Kashan during the 4 month period (2018-2019)","authors":"H. Saberi, H. Akbari, M. Mahdian, R. Pour, Mojtaba Behzadi, Mohammad Mazaheri Tehrani, R. Nezhad","doi":"10.4103/iahs.iahs_12_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/iahs.iahs_12_20","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: Mental disorders such as depression, anxiety, and stress are important factors in determining the life quality as well as many social and economic problems in workers' life. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of psychological symptoms (depression, anxiety, and stress) among the examined workers in the periodic examinations of the medical centers of Kashan County during the 4-month period in 2018–2019. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted randomly on 154 workers examined in different industrial towns of Kashan County (5 areas). Data were collected using a DASS-42 questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS 16 software, using Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests for qualitative variables and t-test and ANOVA test for data analysis of quantitative variables. Results: The symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress were 18.83%, 33.12%, and 18.74%, respectively, in the present study. Moreover, the comparison of depression, anxiety, and stress with demographic variables showed a significant relationship between education level, employment type, and sex (P < 0.050). Conclusion: According to the results, workers' anxiety symptoms were more than depression and stress. Hence, it is essential to plan to identify such disorders in the workers to implement educational interventions and empowerment of these worthy people to increase mental health in the workplace.","PeriodicalId":160562,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Health Sciences","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122124061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Mojdehi, M. Taghizadeh, A. Baghaie, M. Changizi, S. Khaghani
Aim: Nowadays, in the industrial areas, there is a problem of simultaneous contamination of soil with heavy metals and lack of organic matter that can impede the growth of plants. Thus, this study was done to investigate the effect of organic amendments on decreases plant abiotic stress in a soil cocontaminated with lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) under ornamental sunflower cultivation. Materials and Methods: Treatments consisted of applying vermicompost (0, 15, and 30 t/ha) and soil polluted with Cd (0, 5, 10, and 15 mg/kg soil) and Pb (0, 400, and 600 mg/kg soil), and the plant used in this experiment was ornamental sunflower. After 8 weeks of the experiment, plants were harvested, and soil and plant Zn and Fe were measured using the atomic absorption spectroscopy. In addition, the ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and peroxidase (POX) of the plant were measured. Results: The application of 15 and 30 t/ha vermicompost significantly depressed the APX and POX activity by 12.1% and 14.6%, respectively. While the plant Fe and Zn concentration was significantly increased by 11.1% and 13.6%, respectively. Increasing soil pollution to Cd to 15 mg/kg soil significantly increased the APX and POX enzyme activities of the sunflower by 14.6% and 13.3%, respectively. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the interaction effect of Fe and Zn with heavy metal can help to decrease the plant abiotic stress that is a positive point in the environmental research. However, the role of organic amendments in decreasing heavy metals availability cannot be ignored.
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