Journal of forensic and legal medicine最新文献_第6页

Attitudes of family physicians towards reporting child abuse and solution suggestions: A cross-sectional study 家庭医生对报告虐待儿童的态度及解决建议：一项横断面研究。

IF 1.2 4区医学 Q3 MEDICINE, LEGAL

Journal of forensic and legal medicine

Pub Date : 2025-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2025.103027

Zeynep Aslan Hişmioğulları , Rana Can Özdemir , Meryem Türkan Işık

Introduction

Child abuse is a significant public health problem encompassing any act or omission that harms a child's physical, emotional, or sexual integrity, or negatively impacts their healthy development and dignity. This research aims to examine the attitudes of family physicians practicing in Turkey regarding reporting child abuse and their approaches to addressing this process.

Method

This descriptive cross-sectional research was carried out with 314 family physicians from all seven geographical regions of Turkey using a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire was composed of two parts: the first part section assessed participants’ sociodemographic characteristics, attitudes, behaviors, and proposed solutions concerning child abuse and neglect; the second part incorporated the Scale for Determining the Attitudes of Healthcare Workers Toward Reporting Child Abuse. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics along with Independent Samples t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Mann–Whitney U tests.

Results

It was found that 56.7 % of family physicians had encountered child abuse and neglect cases at least once in their professional life, and 57.6 % of them had not made official reports before. It was determined that 59.9 % of physicians did not receive any training on child abuse. Reasons for physicians’ failure to report included lack of knowledge of the procedure and fear that the child could be harmed by family. A statistically significant difference was found between the participants' age, length of professional experience, awareness of legal processes, and their attitudes toward reporting child abuse (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

While family physicians' knowledge of child abuse was generally sufficient, their reporting attitudes were found to be low. It is essential to enhance family physicians' knowledge and awareness of effective child abuse reporting, clarify procedures, and strengthen legal mechanisms to protect children.

儿童虐待是一个重大的公共卫生问题，包括损害儿童身体、情感或性完整的任何行为或不行为，或对其健康发展和尊严产生负面影响。本研究的目的是检查家庭医生在土耳其执业关于报告虐待儿童的态度和他们的方法来解决这一过程。方法：采用结构化问卷对来自土耳其七个地理区域的314名家庭医生进行了描述性横断面研究。问卷由两部分组成：第一部分评估参与者的社会人口学特征、态度、行为以及对虐待和忽视儿童的建议解决方案；第二部分纳入了确定卫生保健工作者对报告虐待儿童的态度的量表。数据分析采用描述性统计、独立样本t检验、单因素方差分析和Mann-Whitney U检验。结果：56.7%的家庭医生在其职业生涯中至少遇到过一次虐待和忽视儿童的案件，其中57.6%的家庭医生在此之前没有正式报告过。经确定，59.9%的医生没有接受过任何关于虐待儿童的培训。医生没有报告的原因包括缺乏对手术程序的了解和担心孩子可能受到家人的伤害。被试的年龄、从业经验、法律程序意识和报告虐待儿童的态度之间存在显著差异(p结论：家庭医生对虐待儿童的知识总体上是充分的，但报告态度较低。必须提高家庭医生对有效的虐待儿童报告的认识和意识，明确程序，加强保护儿童的法律机制。

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引用次数: 0

Intra-puparial development of forensically important Sarcophaga princeps at different constant temperatures 不同恒温条件下具有重要法医意义的头石棺的蛹期内发育。

IF 1.2 4区医学 Q3 MEDICINE, LEGAL

Journal of forensic and legal medicine

Pub Date : 2025-11-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2025.103022

Liangliang Li , Yifei Li , Yinghui Wang , Yu Wang

Sarcophaga princeps Wiedemann, 1830 (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) is a species widely distributed in the Oriental and parts of the Palearctic regions. Documented cases have reported its colonization of human corpses and association with livestock myiasis, highlighting its significant value in forensic and medical research. However, current methods for estimating the intra-puparial age of S. princeps, which accounts for more than half of the entire immature stage, remain lacking. In this study, pupae were sampled at four constant temperatures (16, 22, 28, and 34 °C), and intra-puparial morphological changes were observed and photographed under a stereomicroscope after removal of the puparium. Results showed that the intra-puparial developmental period of S. princeps could be divided into 12 sub-stages based on overall morphological changes. Structures such as compound eyes, mouthparts, antennae, thorax, legs, wings, and abdomen were also used for age estimation; these were individually observed, photographed with local magnification, and their developmental processes were categorized into 6–10 stages. The temporal ranges of each sub-stage and structural appearance were meticulously recorded. This study provides essential baseline data for estimating minimum postmortem interval (PMI_min) using intra-puparial morphological characteristics of S. princeps.

Sarcophaga princeps Wiedemann, 1830（双翅目：Sarcophagidae）是广泛分布于东方及部分古北地区的一种。有记录的案例报告了它在人类尸体上的殖民和与牲畜蝇蛆病的关联，突出了它在法医和医学研究中的重要价值。然而，目前估计占整个未成熟阶段一半以上的南毛犀的育龄的方法仍然缺乏。本研究在4种恒温条件下（16、22、28、34℃）采集蛹，取蛹后在体视显微镜下观察蛹内形态变化并拍照。结果表明，从整体形态变化来看，太子参的蛹期可分为12个子阶段。复眼、口器、触角、胸、腿、翅膀和腹部等结构也被用于年龄估计；对它们进行单独观察和局部放大拍照，并将它们的发育过程分为6-10个阶段。详细记录了各亚期的时间范围和构造形态。本研究提供了基本的基线数据，以估计最小死后时间（PMImin）利用柱顶内形态学特征。

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引用次数: 0

Postmortem microbiome dynamics: Review of forensic microbial clock 死后微生物组动力学：法医微生物时钟综述。

IF 1.2 4区医学 Q3 MEDICINE, LEGAL

Journal of forensic and legal medicine

Pub Date : 2025-11-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2025.103024

Kalanjali Y, Arjun Rao Isukapatla

The postmortem interval (PMI) in Forensic science presents several challenges, including accurate investigation, estimation and reliance on a limited set of physical and microbial markers. However, while these methods have advantages, they are also limited by factors such as environmental variability and temporal constraints. Microbial succession during decomposition, commonly referred to as the “microbial clock”, has emerged as a promising and potentially more precise indicator of PMI. It is clear from a thorough examination of more than 30 peer-reviewed studies involving human cadavers and animal models that microbial communities undergo predictable, time-dependent internal and external changes. Controlled studies using murine and porcine models have demonstrated strong temporal correlations between specific microbial taxa and distinct stages of decomposition, with some models capable of predicting PMI within a two-to-three-day accuracy range over several weeks. Similarly, studies on human cadavers have shown consistent patterns of microbial succession within postmortem organs, revealing organ-specific microbial signatures that change over time and can be influenced by variables such as the cause of death, the environment and the health of an individual. These findings suggest that microbial succession can serve as a powerful quantitative and biological tool for determining the time of death. However, to realize its full potential, further research is needed, using diverse datasets and incorporating multiple post-mortem indicators. This review provides a comprehensive summary of current knowledge on the microbial clock and discusses the ecological and practical considerations necessary to develop a robust and reliable post-mortem clock for forensic practice.

法医科学中的死后间隔（PMI）提出了几个挑战，包括准确的调查，估计和依赖于有限的物理和微生物标记。然而，尽管这些方法具有优势，但它们也受到环境变异性和时间约束等因素的限制。分解过程中的微生物演替，通常被称为“微生物时钟”，已经成为一种有希望和可能更精确的PMI指标。通过对涉及人类尸体和动物模型的30多项同行评议研究的彻底检查，可以清楚地看出，微生物群落经历着可预测的、随时间变化的内部和外部变化。使用小鼠和猪模型的对照研究表明，特定微生物类群与不同分解阶段之间存在很强的时间相关性，一些模型能够在几周内预测PMI在两到三天的精度范围内。同样，对人类尸体的研究也显示了死后器官内微生物演替的一致模式，揭示了随时间而变化的器官特异性微生物特征，并可能受到死因、环境和个人健康等变量的影响。这些发现表明，微生物演替可以作为确定死亡时间的强有力的定量和生物学工具。然而，为了充分发挥其潜力，需要进一步研究，使用不同的数据集并纳入多种尸检指标。这篇综述提供了对微生物时钟的当前知识的全面总结，并讨论了为法医实践开发一个强大而可靠的死后时钟所必需的生态和实际考虑。

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引用次数: 0

Left ventricular false tendons as incidental findings in a case of sudden cardiac death: What is their role? 心源性猝死一例左心室假肌腱的偶然发现：它们的作用是什么？

IF 1.2 4区医学 Q3 MEDICINE, LEGAL

Journal of forensic and legal medicine

Pub Date : 2025-11-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2025.103025

Luca Cerra , Eleonora Nardi , Giovanni Aulino , Matteo Polacco , Antonio Oliva , Vincenzo Arena

Sudden death (SD) can be defined as the unexpected natural death of a healthy individual occurring within the first hour after the onset of symptoms or, if death is unwitnessed, within 24 h of the victim being seen in a healthy state. In people younger than 35 yo, when the cause of SD is” cardiac” (sudden cardiac death—SCD), it is mainly due to cardiomyopathies and channelopathies. Among the predictors of SCD, obesity (a well-established independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases) has been found to increase arrhythmic risk (i.e., every 5-unit increment in BMI confers a 16 % higher risk of SCD). We herein describe an autoptic case of an obese 32-year-old woman (BMI of 49.9), who was discovered deceased in her bed at home. Interestingly, at the heart examination, the presence of an abnormality in the tendon apparatus of the anterior mitral valve leaflet was observed. In fact, an accessory tendon chord connecting the apex of the leaflet to the distal third of the antero-lateral papillary muscle was found in addition to an unusual retiform appearance (“web-like”) of the whole mitral valve tendon apparatus. At histological examination of the ventricular myocardium, foci of confluent interstitial and perivascular myocardiosclerosis, along with perivascular fibrosis of coronary intramyocardial were observed. According to the literature, the valvular findings observed could plausibly account for the cause of death. In particular, a fatal arrhythmia due to the above-described tendons apparatus abnormality may developed. Nevertheless, obesity, which is a well-established risk factor for adverse cardiovascular events, may have contributed independently of the accessory chordal tendon.

This case underscores the intricate interplay between the existence of left ventricular false tendons (LVFTs) and an elevated risk of ventricular tachycardia. From a speculative point of view, an LVFT may induce mechanical stretch in the interventricular septum, leading to heightened automaticity and triggering premature ventricular beats or arrhythmias. Comprehensive awareness of these structural anomalies and their morphological attributes is crucial for establishing correlations with potentially fatal arrhythmias and for formulating targeted preventive interventions.

猝死可以定义为健康个体在出现症状后的第一个小时内意外自然死亡，或者，如果没有目击死亡，则在看到受害者处于健康状态后的24小时内死亡。在35岁以下的人群中，当SD的病因是“心源性”（心源性猝死- scd）时，主要是由于心肌病和通道病。在SCD的预测因子中，肥胖（心血管疾病的一个公认的独立危险因素）已被发现会增加心律失常的风险（即BMI每增加5个单位，SCD的风险就会增加16%）。我们在此描述一例32岁肥胖女性（BMI为49.9）的尸检病例，她被发现死在家中的床上。有趣的是，在心脏检查中，在二尖瓣前叶的肌腱装置中发现了异常。事实上，除了整个二尖瓣肌腱装置的不寻常的网状外观（“网状”）外，还发现了连接小叶顶端和前外侧乳头肌远端三分之一的副腱弦。室性心肌组织学检查可见间质及血管周围心肌硬化灶，并可见冠状动脉心肌内血管周围纤维化。根据文献，观察到的瓣膜现象可以合理地解释死亡原因。特别地，致命的心律失常由于上述肌腱装置异常可能发展。然而，肥胖，作为一个公认的心血管不良事件的危险因素，可能与副索腱无关。本病例强调了左心室假肌腱（LVFTs）的存在与室性心动过速风险升高之间复杂的相互作用。从推测的角度来看，LVFT可能会引起室间隔的机械拉伸，导致自动性增强，引发室性早搏或心律失常。全面了解这些结构异常及其形态属性对于建立与潜在致命性心律失常的相关性以及制定有针对性的预防干预措施至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Medicolegal analysis of alleged and judicially proven malpractice claims in Alexandria Medical Syndicate, Egypt 对埃及亚历山大医疗集团指称和司法证明的医疗事故索赔的医学法律分析

IF 1.2 4区医学 Q3 MEDICINE, LEGAL

Journal of forensic and legal medicine

Pub Date : 2025-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2025.103020

Zahraa Khalifa Sobh , Mohamed Ashraf Saad Galal , Maha Abdelhamied Ghanem , Hend Mostafa Ali Ali , Ahmed Mohamed Abdelgawad , Manal Ibrahim Fathy Balah

The medicolegal analysis of malpractice claims could guide the reduction of lawsuits and improve medical services. Therefore, this study examined files of 311 malpractice claims investigated by the Alexandria Medical Syndicate in Egypt over five years (2018–2022). A total of 416 physicians were accused. Claims have increased over the past three years (2020–2022). Malpractice was ruled out in 80.4 % of claims, while it was judicially proven in 11.3 %. The legal outcome was undetermined in the remaining claims that ended with the plaintiff waiving or the physician's death. The highest percentages of proven claims were against gynecologists/obstetricians (17.4 %), plastic surgeons (14.3 %), and general surgeons (12.3 %). Regarding patients, 14.1 % of claims from males and 8.6 % of claims from females were proven. Concerning healthcare facilities, the highest rates of proven claims were in private clinics (17.4 %). The most frequent types of proven medical errors were pharmaceutical errors (45.5 %), negligence (16.8 %), and mistakes in care (14.2 %). Patient harm behind these claims ranged from temporary injury (32.9 %), residual damage (15.8 %), permanent infirmity (20.3 %), to death (31.7 %). The highest percentages of proven claims involved infirmities (18.3 %) and deaths (15.9 %) (p = 0.046). Optional procedures had the highest rate of proven surgery-related claims (17.9 %), with errors mainly occurring during the preoperative period (30 %). Malpractice was excluded due to providing standard care (77.8 %). Also, when harm was considered a complication (68.8 %) or a consequence of underlying disease (36 %). The current results could guide future measures to safeguard the rights of patients and healthcare providers in Egypt.

医疗事故索赔的医学法学分析可以指导减少诉讼，改善医疗服务。因此，本研究审查了埃及亚历山大医疗集团在五年内（2018-2022年）调查的311起医疗事故索赔文件。共有416名医生被指控。在过去三年（2020-2022年），索赔有所增加。80.4%的索赔排除了渎职，而11.3%的索赔得到司法证实。其余索赔的法律结果尚未确定，最终以原告放弃或医生死亡告终。已证实的索赔比例最高的是妇科/产科医生（17.4%），整形外科医生（14.3%）和普通外科医生（12.3%）。在患者方面，14.1%的男性索赔和8.6%的女性索赔得到证实。关于保健设施，经证实的索赔率最高的是私人诊所（17.4%）。经证实的最常见的医疗差错类型是药品差错（45.5%）、疏忽（16.8%）和护理失误（14.2%）。这些索赔背后的患者伤害范围从暂时伤害（32.9%），残余损害（15.8%），永久性虚弱（20.3%）到死亡（31.7%）。已证实的索赔比例最高的是身体虚弱（18.3%）和死亡（15.9%）（p = 0.046）。选择性手术的手术相关索赔率最高（17.9%），其中错误主要发生在术前（30%）。由于提供标准护理，排除了医疗事故（77.8%）。此外，当伤害被认为是并发症（68.8%）或潜在疾病的后果（36%）时。目前的结果可以指导未来保护埃及患者和医疗保健提供者权利的措施。

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引用次数: 0

Elderly homicide perpetrators in Turkey 土耳其的老年杀人者。

IF 1.2 4区医学 Q3 MEDICINE, LEGAL

Journal of forensic and legal medicine

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2025.103015

Medyar Koçak , Arif Garbi̇oğlu , Erdi Kutlu , Emre Çırakoğlu , Fatma Nuray Cansunar

Objective

The extant literature contains limited studies addressing crimes committed by the elderly population. Understanding the characteristics of elderly perpetrators can guide the development of prevention strategies. This study aims to contribute to the profiling of killers within the elderly population and to provide recommendations for the prevention of homicide.

Method

This study examines the demographic data, crime motivations, crime scenes, homicide methods, murder weapons, psychiatric diagnoses, and perpetrator-victim relationships of elderly offenders (aged ≥65 years at the time of the offense) who underwent forensic evaluation at the Fourth Specialization Board of the Council of Forensic Medicine of Turkey between 2011 and 2021.

Results

Of the perpetrators, 96 (95%) were male, and 5 (5%) were female. The cases ranged in age from 65 to 87 years. The mean age of male perpetrators was 72.27 (±5.95) years, while that of female perpetrators was 68.20 (±1.92) years. Most offenders were male and had low educational attainment. The most common homicide location was the home (46%). A total of 26.7% of the perpetrators had killed their spouses. The most frequently used homicide method was firearm use. Schizophrenia was diagnosed in 8.9% of the perpetrators.

Conclusion

The data on elderly perpetrators are expected to enhance the understanding of this age group and provide valuable insights for geriatrics, gerontology, and criminology. Educating healthcare professionals, regularly monitoring the geriatric population, raising mental health awareness, and strengthening social support services for the elderly are anticipated to contribute to reducing homicide rates among older adults.

目的：现有文献包含有限的研究，解决老年人犯罪问题。了解老年施暴者的特点可以指导预防策略的制定。这项研究的目的是对老年人口中的杀手进行分析，并为预防杀人提供建议。方法：本研究调查了2011年至2021年间在土耳其法医委员会第四专业委员会接受法医评估的老年罪犯（犯罪时年龄≥65岁）的人口统计数据、犯罪动机、犯罪现场、杀人方法、谋杀武器、精神诊断和施暴者-受害者关系。结果：行凶者中男性96例（95%），女性5例（5%）。这些病例的年龄从65岁到87岁不等。男性犯罪者平均年龄为72.27（±5.95）岁，女性犯罪者平均年龄为68.20（±1.92）岁。大多数罪犯是男性，受教育程度低。最常见的杀人地点是家中（46%）。共有26.7%的犯罪者杀害了他们的配偶。最常用的杀人方法是使用枪支。8.9%的施暴者被诊断为精神分裂症。结论：老年犯罪者的数据有望增进对这一年龄组的了解，并为老年病学、老年学和犯罪学提供有价值的见解。教育保健专业人员、定期监测老年人口、提高对心理健康的认识以及加强对老年人的社会支持服务，预计将有助于降低老年人的凶杀率。

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引用次数: 0

Drowning and forensic medical process in Türkiye: The retrospective analysis on 989 autopsied cases in 5 years <s:1>基耶县溺亡与法医过程：5年来989例尸检病例的回顾性分析

IF 1.2 4区医学 Q3 MEDICINE, LEGAL

Journal of forensic and legal medicine

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2025.103014

Murat Çapan , Mehmet Doğan , Bülent Şam

Drowning is the third leading cause of unintentional injury-related deaths worldwide, claiming around 236,000 lives annually. In Türkiye, with its extensive coastlines and freshwater resources, drowning is a significant public health concern as well.

This study retrospectively examines 989 autopsied drowning cases in Türkiye between 2015 and 2019. It highlights the prevalence of drowning, showing that most victims were male (83.8 %), with a median age of 27. The results indicated a predominance of young males in saltwater drownings, while females were more frequently victims in freshwater incidents, indicating sex-specific risks.

The study found that in 91.8 % of cases, the cause of death was solely drowning, while 5.1 % involved contributing factors such as cardiovascular disease. Histopathological findings revealed acute lung swelling and edema in 67.5 % of cases, with a prevalence of frothy fluid at the mouth/nostrils and water immersion wrinkling of the hands and feet being notably higher in freshwater drownings. The study also revealed statistically significant differences in lung and organ weights between saltwater and freshwater drowning victims, emphasizing the physiological differences in response to the two environments.

The role of alcohol and drugs was identified in a minority of cases (5.8 %), highlighting the importance of substance use as a contributing risk factor. Determining whether a death was due to drowning or other causes (e.g., injury, disease, or hypothermia) poses significant challenges for forensic experts. Environmental factors, decomposition, and delayed recovery further complicate investigations. The research emphasizes the need for improved forensic techniques to enhance the understanding of drowning fatalities.

溺水是世界范围内与意外伤害有关的死亡的第三大原因，每年夺去约23.6万人的生命。在拥有广阔海岸线和淡水资源的斯里兰卡，溺水也是一个重大的公共卫生问题。本研究回顾性调查了2015年至2019年期间泰国989例尸检溺水病例。报告强调了溺水的普遍性，显示大多数受害者为男性（83.8%），中位年龄为27岁。结果表明，在咸水溺水事件中，年轻男性占主导地位，而在淡水事件中，女性更频繁地成为受害者，这表明了性别特有的风险。研究发现，在91.8%的病例中，死亡原因仅仅是溺水，而5.1%的病例涉及心血管疾病等因素。组织病理学结果显示，67.5%的病例出现急性肺肿胀和水肿，口/鼻孔出现泡状液体，手脚出现水浸皱纹，淡水溺水患者的比例明显更高。该研究还揭示了咸水和淡水溺水者在肺和器官重量上的统计学差异，强调了对两种环境的生理反应差异。酒精和毒品的作用在少数案例中被确定（5.8%），突出了物质使用作为一个促成风险因素的重要性。确定死亡是由于溺水还是其他原因（例如受伤、疾病或体温过低）给法医专家带来了重大挑战。环境因素、分解和延迟恢复进一步使调查复杂化。该研究强调需要改进法医技术，以加强对溺水死亡的了解。

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引用次数: 0

Forensic Herald 法医先驱报》

IF 1.2 4区医学 Q3 MEDICINE, LEGAL

Journal of forensic and legal medicine

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2025.103017

Michael D Freeman

引用次数: 0

Artificial intelligence in forensic psychiatry: potential applications and key considerations 人工智能在法医精神病学：潜在应用和关键考虑。

IF 1.2 4区医学 Q3 MEDICINE, LEGAL

Journal of forensic and legal medicine

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2025.103016

Hector Blott , Eleanor Hind , Christian Brown , Andrew Forrester

Artificial intelligence (AI) has enormous potential to transform society. Forensic psychiatrists must consider its utility specific to the forensic population, and requirements for its safe and ethical implementation. In this narrative review, we consider how AI has the potential to assist clinical forensic psychiatry with diagnosis and risk assessment, and the practical, ethical and legal challenges to overcome. Early research shows potential for the use of AI in screening and identification of mental disorders, but with significant limitations and little consideration of forensic populations. More research has been done in the area of offending risk assessment, but clinical utility is limited by external validation and differentiation of offence type predicted. Practical and ethical challenges identified include obtaining the large volumes of representative training data required from various sources, heterogeneity of diagnostic constructs, lack of transparency as to how models develop outputs and the reliability of them, and the propagation of bias. We conclude by recommending increased data collection and sharing across agencies, external validation of AI models, enhanced clinician training and involvement in development of AI tools, and the development of ethical and legal safeguards and regulations on the use of AI in this setting.

人工智能（AI）具有改变社会的巨大潜力。法医精神科医生必须考虑其特定于法医人群的效用，以及其安全和道德实施的要求。在这篇叙述性回顾中，我们考虑了人工智能如何有潜力协助临床法医精神病学进行诊断和风险评估，以及需要克服的实际、道德和法律挑战。早期研究表明，人工智能在筛查和识别精神障碍方面具有潜力，但存在重大局限性，而且很少考虑法医群体。在犯罪风险评估方面已经有了更多的研究，但由于外部验证和预测犯罪类型的区分，临床应用受到限制。确定的实际和伦理挑战包括从各种来源获得所需的大量代表性训练数据，诊断结构的异质性，模型如何开发输出及其可靠性缺乏透明度，以及偏见的传播。最后，我们建议增加各机构间的数据收集和共享，对人工智能模型进行外部验证，加强临床医生培训和参与人工智能工具的开发，以及制定在这种情况下使用人工智能的道德和法律保障措施和法规。

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引用次数: 0

Determination of glyphosate in cadaveric insect samples using UHPLC-MS/MS method UHPLC-MS/MS法测定昆虫尸体样品中的草甘膦。

IF 1.2 4区医学 Q3 MEDICINE, LEGAL

Journal of forensic and legal medicine

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2025.103019

Noelia I. Zanetti

Many countries reported cases of acute intoxication with glyphosate or glyphosate herbicides. The aim of this work was to determine glyphosate from necrophagous insects. Calliphora vicina Robineau-Desvoidy and Dermestes maculatus DeGeer are widely distributed species of medical and forensic interest. These insects were fed with a pork homogenate and 7.69 ml/kg Roundup Full® II (potassium salt of n-phosphonomethyl glycine 66.2 % p/v), and were kept in an incubator at 30 ± 0.1 °C, 42 ± 3 % relative humidity, and 12:12 h light/dark. In hide beetles, two trials were conducted: for the first, two groups of larvae were selected, L1-L4 and L5-L7, because this latter group had larval instars that can molt to pupa. The second trial was performed to determine if glyphosate was found in L1 and L3 due to the results obtained in the first trial. In Diptera, oldest feeding L3 and pupae were selected. All specimens were kept at −20 °C until toxicological analysis, which was carried out by UHPLC-MS/MS. In dermestids, glyphosate was determined only in the L1-L4 group (0.15 ppb) and in L1 (0.21 ppb) and L3 (0.20 ppb). In Diptera, glyphosate was determined only in L3 (0.25 ppb). Lastly, these preliminary results would suggest that herbicide-positive larval stages could be used for toxicological analysis in court cases.

许多国家报告了草甘膦或草甘膦除草剂急性中毒的病例。这项工作的目的是确定草甘膦从尸食性昆虫。黄斑革螨（Calliphora vicina Robineau-Desvoidy）和黄斑革螨（Dermestes maculatus DeGeer）是广泛分布的医学和法医兴趣物种。用猪肉匀浆和7.69 ml/kg农达全®II （n-膦酰甘氨酸钾盐66.2% p/v）饲喂这些昆虫，在30±0.1°C、42±3%相对湿度、12:12 h光/暗培养箱中保存。在皮甲虫中，进行了两次试验：第一，选择了两组幼虫，L1-L4和L5-L7，因为后者具有可以蜕皮成蛹的幼虫。根据第一次试验的结果，进行第二次试验以确定是否在L1和L3中发现草甘膦。双翅目选择最老取食L3和蛹。所有标本在-20°C保存直至毒理学分析，采用UHPLC-MS/MS进行毒理学分析。在真螨中，草甘膦仅在L1- l4组（0.15 ppb）、L1组（0.21 ppb）和L3组（0.20 ppb）检测到。在双翅目中，草甘膦仅测定在L3 （0.25 ppb）。最后，这些初步结果表明，除草剂阳性幼虫期可用于法庭案件的毒理学分析。

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