Journal of forensic and legal medicine最新文献

Sexually transmitted infections of sexual crime suspects 性传播感染犯罪嫌疑人

IF 1.2 4区医学 Q3 MEDICINE, LEGAL

Journal of forensic and legal medicine

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2026.103081

Aaro Mäkelä

Purpose

This study investigates the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among individuals suspected of rape in the Helsinki metropolitan area, focusing on the immediate aftermath of the alleged incidents.

Methods

A retrospective observational analysis was conducted using data from 472 forensic examinations performed at the Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL) between 2020 and 2024. Biological samples were tested for chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV. The mean interval between the alleged incident and sample collection was calculated to assess the temporal relationship.

Results

Of the 456 individuals tested, 108 (23.68 %) exhibited STI-related findings, with 54 (11.84 %) deemed probably contagious. Prevalence rates were 6.92 % for chlamydia, 1.11 % for gonorrhea, 2.64 % for contagious hepatitis B, and 2.57 % for active hepatitis C. HIV was detected in 1.10 % of individuals, with none deemed contagious. Fewer than 5 syphilis cases were deemed to be contagious. The mean interval between the alleged incident and sample collection was 1.04 days.

Conclusion

This study provides an examination of STI prevalence among suspects of rape, offering insights into transmission risks immediately following alleged incidents. The findings underscore the importance of routine STI screening in forensic examinations and highlight the potential for such data to inform public health interventions and forensic practices.

目的本研究调查了赫尔辛基大都市区涉嫌强奸的个人中性传播感染（sti）的流行情况，重点关注所指控事件的直接后果。方法回顾性观察分析芬兰卫生与福利研究所（THL） 2020 - 2024年间进行的472例法医检查的数据。对生物样本进行衣原体、淋病、梅毒、乙型肝炎、丙型肝炎和艾滋病毒检测。计算所谓事件和样本收集之间的平均间隔，以评估时间关系。结果456例患者中，108例（23.68%）出现性传播感染相关症状，54例（11.84%）具有传染性。衣原体患病率为6.92%，淋病患病率为1.11%，传染性乙型肝炎患病率为2.64%，活动性丙型肝炎患病率为2.57%。在1.10%的个体中检测到HIV，没有人被认为具有传染性。不到5个梅毒病例被认为具有传染性。指称事件与样本收集之间的平均间隔为1.04天。结论：本研究对强奸犯罪嫌疑人的性传播感染流行情况进行了调查，为强奸事件发生后的传播风险提供了见解。调查结果强调了在法医检查中例行性传播感染筛查的重要性，并强调了这类数据为公共卫生干预措施和法医实践提供信息的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Psychoactive substances in a general forensic autopsy population: prevalence and associations with cause and manner of death 一般法医尸检人群中的精神活性物质：患病率及其与死因和死亡方式的关系

IF 1.2 4区医学 Q3 MEDICINE, LEGAL

Journal of forensic and legal medicine

Pub Date : 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2026.103079

Florent Ferrer , Damien Richard , Nicolas Authier , Nicolas Kerckhove , Bruno Pereira , Vincent Lopez , Frédéric Abriat , Baptiste Boyer , Célian Bertin

引用次数: 0

A novel landmark-based morphometric approach for sequencing typical thoracic vertebrae 一种新的基于地标的胸椎形态计量学方法。

IF 1.2 4区医学 Q3 MEDICINE, LEGAL

Journal of forensic and legal medicine

Pub Date : 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2026.103075

Myrsini Voulgari , Ioanna Anastopoulou , Elena Kranioti , Christina Papageorgopoulou , Konstantinos Moraitis

The methods for reassociating and sequencing the thoracic vertebrae are based mainly on the morphological characteristics of the bones and the expertise of the forensic anthropologist. However, the thoracic vertebrae T2-T9 show no morphological differences, and therefore, it is challenging to reassociate and sequence them, especially in cases of commingling or extensive trauma. The aim of this study was to develop a new method based on the integration of 3D geometric morphometric analysis from 3D models to provide accurate results regarding the sequencing of the thoracic vertebrae. The sample consisted of 98 individuals from three different skeletal assemblages from various contexts of Greece and was scanned with a handheld 3D scanner. A total of 28 landmarks were placed on the 3D models of the vertebrae. The shape of each vertebra was compared to a reference sample. The identification rates showed that T2 had the highest identification rates and T6 the lowest. Each vertebra was matched to its anatomical counterpart within the first three possible selections of the reference skeleton, in a percentage greater than 67% and in most cases, more than 81%. On the contrary, T6 had a rate lower than 50%. It is proposed that the presented method be examined in other samples to see its application as a tool for sequencing the typical thoracic vertebrae.

胸椎重新关联和排序的方法主要基于骨骼的形态特征和法医人类学家的专业知识。然而，胸椎T2-T9没有表现出形态学上的差异，因此，对它们进行重新关联和排序是具有挑战性的，特别是在合并或广泛创伤的情况下。本研究的目的是开发一种基于3D模型的三维几何形态分析集成的新方法，以提供关于胸椎测序的准确结果。该样本由来自希腊不同背景的三个不同骨骼组合的98个人组成，并通过手持式3D扫描仪进行扫描。共有28个地标被放置在椎骨的3D模型上。将每个椎体的形状与参考样本进行比较。鉴定率显示，T2的鉴定率最高，T6的鉴定率最低。在参考骨骼的前三个可能选择中，每个椎体与其解剖学上的对应体匹配的百分比大于67%，在大多数情况下超过81%。相反，T6的发生率低于50%。建议在其他样品中检查所提出的方法，以查看其作为典型胸椎测序工具的应用。

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引用次数: 0

Physician awareness of the ICD-10 coding system for assigning the cause of death in primary health centers in Muscat and South Batinah governorates, Oman 阿曼马斯喀特省和南巴蒂纳省初级卫生中心的医生对ICD-10死因分配编码系统的认识。

IF 1.2 4区医学 Q3 MEDICINE, LEGAL

Journal of forensic and legal medicine

Pub Date : 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2026.103072

Omar Al Farsi , Raniya Al Kiyumi , Akram Al Adawi , Faiz Al Harmali

Background

Accurate mortality statistics are vital for establishing health policies. However, reporting numerous undetermined causes of death especially in the primary healthcare hinder the accuracy and usefulness of vital statistics, impacting resource allocation for disease prevention and control. Utilizing International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) coding systems and addressing physician-related challenges are essential to improve the quality of mortality data and support effective policymaking. Therefore, this study aims to assess physicians' awareness in assigning accurate causes of death at the primary healthcare institutions.

Methods

A cross-sectional study conducted with 202 physicians from the primary health care institutions in Muscat and South Batinah governorates. A convenience sampling method has been used to distribute self-administered questionnaire.

Results

The findings indicated that a higher proportion of physicians were familiar with the ICD-10 coding and World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines, with (41.9 %) of non-Omani physicians demonstrating awareness, compared to (22 %) of Omani physicians. Both groups showed limited knowledge about the use of garbage codes, with a notable proportion unaware of their implications. Additionally, challenges in determining the underlying cause of death (UCOD) were reported, with (48.6 %) Omani physicians facing difficulties, compared to (40.9 %) of the other group. Training gaps and lack of feedback from the Ministry of Health (MoH) were identified as contributing factors affecting both groups.

Conclusion

The findings highlight key implications for policy and practice in coding mortality data. Ongoing awareness programs for physicians on ICD-10 coding system are essential, and establishing structured feedback channels with the MoH is crucial to improve data quality.

背景：准确的死亡率统计对制定卫生政策至关重要。然而，报告许多未确定的死亡原因，特别是在初级保健中，妨碍了生命统计的准确性和有用性，影响了用于疾病预防和控制的资源分配。利用国际疾病分类（ICD-10）编码系统和解决与医生相关的挑战对于提高死亡率数据的质量和支持有效的政策制定至关重要。因此，本研究旨在评估医师在初级卫生保健机构中分配准确死因的意识。方法：对来自马斯喀特省和南巴蒂纳省初级卫生保健机构的202名医生进行横断面研究。采用方便抽样法发放自填问卷。结果：调查结果表明，熟悉ICD-10编码和世界卫生组织（WHO）指南的医生比例较高，非阿曼医生的比例为41.9%，而阿曼医生的比例为22%。两组人都对垃圾代码的使用了解有限，有相当一部分人不知道它们的含义。此外，据报告，在确定潜在死亡原因（UCOD）方面存在挑战，（48.6%）阿曼医生面临困难，而其他组的这一比例为（40.9%）。培训差距和缺乏卫生部的反馈被确定为影响这两个群体的因素。结论：研究结果突出了对死亡率数据编码的政策和实践的关键意义。开展医生对ICD-10编码系统的认识项目至关重要，与卫生部建立结构化反馈渠道对于提高数据质量至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

From bite marks to vertical facial phenotype: Investigating the relationship between craniofacial and dental arch parameters using conventional wax and digital models 从咬痕到垂直面部表型：使用传统蜡和数字模型研究颅面和牙弓参数之间的关系

IF 1.2 4区医学 Q3 MEDICINE, LEGAL

Journal of forensic and legal medicine

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2026.103078

Elis Dayan , Merve Kurnaz , Özgür Önder Kuşçu , Sibel Biren , Elif Sepet

Objective

This study aims to investigate whether a relationship exists between craniofacial structures and bite marks, thereby enabling the prediction of facial type based on bite mark characteristics.

Materials and methods

Thirty-eight volunteers (aged 19–25) without orthodontic treatment, craniofacial anomalies, or temporomandibular dysfunction participated. Bite marks were created on wax-covered sponge rollers. Intercanine distance, arch depth, and arch length were measured from wax models using a caliper and from intraoral scans using the iTero Scanner. Facial profile photographs were analyzed using GIMP software to calculate FH/GoMe angle and LFH/TFH ratio (Lower face height/Total face height). Statistical analyses included intraclass correlation, Wilcoxon and paired t-tests, and Spearman's correlation (p < 0.05).

Results

Significant differences were found between wax and digital measurements except for arch lenght. FH/GoMe angle correlated with upper and lower wax arch lengths, and LFH/TFH ratio correlated with lower arch length. No correlation was found between the facial type parameters and intercanine and arch depth measurements.

Conclusion

Although distortion may influence wax impressions, the correlations observed suggest that certain bite mark metrics—particularly lower arch length—may provide morphologic indicators of facial phenotype. These findings are preliminary and not intended for individual identification; larger, diverse samples are needed to validate their forensic relevance.

目的探讨颅面结构与咬痕之间是否存在关系，从而根据咬痕特征预测面部类型。材料和方法38名志愿者（年龄19-25岁）未接受正畸治疗、颅面畸形或颞下颌功能障碍。咬痕是在涂了蜡的海绵滚轮上留下的。犬齿间距离、牙弓深度和牙弓长度分别用卡尺和iTero扫描仪分别从牙蜡模型和口内扫描中测量。使用GIMP软件分析面部侧面照片，计算FH/GoMe角和LFH/TFH比（下脸高/总脸高）。统计分析包括类内相关、Wilcoxon和配对t检验、Spearman相关（p < 0.05）。结果除弓长外，蜡法测量与数字测量有显著差异。FH/GoMe角与上、下蜡弓长度相关，LFH/TFH比值与下蜡弓长度相关。面部类型参数与齿间和弓深测量没有相关性。结论：虽然牙印变形可能影响牙印，但观察到的相关性表明，某些咬痕指标，特别是较低的牙弓长度，可能提供面部表型的形态学指标。这些发现是初步的，不打算用于个人鉴定；需要更大、更多样化的样本来验证它们的法医相关性。

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引用次数: 0

Is lateral cephalometric analysis useful to sex estimation in forensic science? A cross-sectional study 侧头测量分析在法医科学中对性别估计有用吗？横断面研究

IF 1.2 4区医学 Q3 MEDICINE, LEGAL

Journal of forensic and legal medicine

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2026.103077

Anastasia Mitsea , Ioanna Pouliezou , Nikolaos Christoloukas , Iosif Sifakakis

Objective

The objective of this study was to investigate whether linear, angular, and area measurements derived from lateral cephalometric radiographs can serve as an additional method for determining sex in a sample of Greek population.

Materials and methods

The study sample comprised digital lateral cephalometric radiographs from 150 Greek individuals aged 18–65 years, who sought orthodontic treatment at the School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece. Patient records were screened based on eligibility criteria for inclusion in the study. The sample was categorized by sex and age, with age intervals of 5 years. An equal number of lateral cephalometric radiographs for males and females were distributed within each age group. Twelve cephalometric points visible on lateral cephalometric radiographs were digitally traced using ViewBox software, including glabella, nasion, orbitale, sella, basion, porion, anterior nasal spine, posterior nasal spine, anterior, superior, posterior and inferior points of sinus. The present cross-sectional study used a binary logistic regression (BLR) model.

Results

Sex was predicted with an overall accuracy of 74.7 %. A value lower than 0.41 identified a male participant, and a value higher than 0.41 a female participant. The estimated sensitivity and specificity are 85.3 % and 64.0 %, respectively, indicating that the model has satisfactory adjustment. The area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve (area under the curve - AUC) was 0.80, indicating good discriminative ability.

Conclusions

Cephalometric analysis using radiographs for sex estimation could be useful as a complementary method to conventional sex estimation approaches and may serve as a reliable sex predictor in the Greek population, particularly when alternative techniques cannot be used to estimate sex.

本研究的目的是研究从侧位头颅x线片获得的线性、角度和面积测量是否可以作为确定希腊人口样本性别的额外方法。材料和方法研究样本包括150名年龄在18-65岁的希腊人的数字侧位头颅x线片，他们在希腊雅典国立和卡波迪特里安大学牙科学院寻求正畸治疗。根据纳入研究的资格标准筛选患者记录。样本按性别和年龄分类，年龄间隔为5年。在每个年龄组中，男性和女性的侧位头颅x线片的数量相等。采用ViewBox软件对侧位头颅x线片上可见的12个点进行数字追踪，包括眉间、鼻鼻、眶、鞍、基底、部分、鼻前棘、鼻后棘、鼻窦前、上、后、下点。本横断面研究采用二元逻辑回归（BLR）模型。结果预测性别的总体准确率为74.7%。低于0.41的值为男性，高于0.41的值为女性。估计灵敏度和特异度分别为85.3%和64.0%，表明该模型具有满意的调整效果。受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线下面积（area under curve - AUC）为0.80，判别能力较好。结论：使用x线片进行脑测量分析的性别估计可以作为传统性别估计方法的补充方法，并且可以作为希腊人群中可靠的性别预测器，特别是当替代技术无法用于估计性别时。

{"title":"Is lateral cephalometric analysis useful to sex estimation in forensic science? A cross-sectional study","authors":"Anastasia Mitsea , Ioanna Pouliezou , Nikolaos Christoloukas , Iosif Sifakakis","doi":"10.1016/j.jflm.2026.103077","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jflm.2026.103077","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The objective of this study was to investigate whether linear, angular, and area measurements derived from lateral cephalometric radiographs can serve as an additional method for determining sex in a sample of Greek population.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>The study sample comprised digital lateral cephalometric radiographs from 150 Greek individuals aged 18–65 years, who sought orthodontic treatment at the School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece. Patient records were screened based on eligibility criteria for inclusion in the study. The sample was categorized by sex and age, with age intervals of 5 years. An equal number of lateral cephalometric radiographs for males and females were distributed within each age group. Twelve cephalometric points visible on lateral cephalometric radiographs were digitally traced using ViewBox software, including glabella, nasion, orbitale, sella, basion, porion, anterior nasal spine, posterior nasal spine, anterior, superior, posterior and inferior points of sinus. The present cross-sectional study used a binary logistic regression (BLR) model.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Sex was predicted with an overall accuracy of 74.7 %. A value lower than 0.41 identified a male participant, and a value higher than 0.41 a female participant. The estimated sensitivity and specificity are 85.3 % and 64.0 %, respectively, indicating that the model has satisfactory adjustment. The area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve (area under the curve - AUC) was 0.80, indicating good discriminative ability.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Cephalometric analysis using radiographs for sex estimation could be useful as a complementary method to conventional sex estimation approaches and may serve as a reliable sex predictor in the Greek population, particularly when alternative techniques cannot be used to estimate sex.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic and legal medicine","volume":"118 ","pages":"Article 103077"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145928456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Re: “A systematic review about the evolving role of artificial intelligence in various fields of forensic medicine.” 回复：“关于人工智能在法医学各个领域不断发展的作用的系统综述。”

IF 1.2 4区医学 Q3 MEDICINE, LEGAL

Journal of forensic and legal medicine

Pub Date : 2026-01-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2026.103076

M. Vijayasimha , M. Srikanth

引用次数: 0

Unraveling isotonitazene: Insights into chemistry, pharmacology, and analytical techniques in forensic toxicology 解开异戊二烯：洞察化学，药理学，和法医毒理学分析技术。

IF 1.2 4区医学 Q3 MEDICINE, LEGAL

Journal of forensic and legal medicine

Pub Date : 2026-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2026.103069

Richard Cherehani Kashindye , Divya Yadav , Rakesh Yadav

Background

Isotonitazene, a highly potent synthetic opioid, has become a major public health issue due to its potency, and it can lead to fatal overdoses, even at low concentrations. A total of 80 people who died from isotonitazene have been reported. Its rapid rise in popularity has presented unique challenges for forensic toxicology laboratories tasked with identifying and quantifying it in biological and non-biological samples due to its low dose, its analogues, lack of reference standard, and matrix effects. As a result, forensic laboratories are continually working to develop and refine analytical techniques. Therefore, a referenced compilation of previously published analytical techniques on isotonitazene for sample preparation, detection, and quantification would be useful.

Methods

PubMed and Scopus databases were searched using keywords related to isotonitazene and new synthetic opioids. English-language articles published between November 2019 and April 2025 were included, along with reports from international organizations like the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA), and World Health Organization (WHO).

Results

Isotonitazene is characterized and described in terms of synthesis, physical and chemical properties, available forms, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, medical use, toxic effects, production, distribution, and trafficking. This article also outlines sample preparation and analytical techniques for identifying and quantifying isotonitazene in both biological and non-biological samples. Lastly, the treatment of synthetic opioid overdoses is discussed.

Conclusions

This review offers forensic scientists, public health authorities, law enforcement, and toxicologists up-to-date data on detecting and quantifying isotonitazene in various biological and non-biological matrices.

背景：异烟肼是一种强效的合成阿片类药物，由于其效力已成为一个主要的公共卫生问题，即使在低浓度下也可能导致致命的过量服用。据报道，共有80人死于异烟肼。由于其低剂量、类似物、缺乏参考标准和基质效应，它的迅速普及给法医毒理学实验室带来了独特的挑战，法医毒理学实验室的任务是在生物和非生物样品中识别和量化它。因此，法医实验室不断努力发展和完善分析技术。因此，参考先前发表的异戊二烯样品制备、检测和定量分析技术的汇编将是有用的。方法：检索PubMed和Scopus数据库中与异戊二烯和新型合成阿片类药物相关的关键词。其中包括2019年11月至2025年4月期间发表的英文文章，以及联合国毒品和犯罪问题办公室（毒品和犯罪问题办公室）、欧洲毒品和吸毒成瘾监测中心（EMCDDA）和世界卫生组织（世卫组织）等国际组织的报告。结果：从合成、物理和化学性质、可用形式、药代动力学、药效学、医疗用途、毒性作用、生产、分销和贩运等方面对异戊二烯进行了表征和描述。本文还概述了在生物和非生物样品中鉴定和定量异戊二烯的样品制备和分析技术。最后，讨论了合成阿片类药物过量的治疗。结论：本综述为法医科学家、公共卫生当局、执法部门和毒理学家提供了检测和定量各种生物和非生物基质中异戊二烯的最新数据。

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引用次数: 0

A review of blunt impact injuries to the human head caused by non-lethal kinetic projectiles 非致命动能弹丸对人类头部造成的钝器撞击伤研究综述。

IF 1.2 4区医学 Q3 MEDICINE, LEGAL

Journal of forensic and legal medicine

Pub Date : 2026-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2026.103074

Jiakai Wu , Song Wang , Zhaohui Zhang , Bin Chen , Jiaming Song

In practical applications, blunt ballistic injuries caused by non-lethal kinetic projectiles striking the head may result in severe bodily harm or even death. To elucidate the injury mechanisms of non-lethal kinetic projectile impacts on the head and develop scientifically sound criteria for assessing head injuries, this paper reviews the literature concerning injury types, mechanisms, and criteria related to kinetic projectile blunt impacts to the human head. It enumerates head injury types, analyses mechanisms of cranial bone injury and intracranial injury, subsequently, it summarises acceleration criteria, peak force criteria, bluntness criteria, and viscosity criteria for kinetic projectile blunt impacts to the head. It also examines the evaluation basis and advantages/disadvantages of these four injury criteria. By dissecting the shortcomings of existing research, this study proposes recommendations for future investigations. It aims to provide insights for subsequent research into head injury mechanisms and injury criteria, as well as offer guidance for the design improvements and performance optimisation of non-lethal kinetic projectiles.

在实际应用中，非致命动能弹丸撞击头部造成的钝性弹道伤害可能导致严重的身体伤害甚至死亡。为了阐明非致命动能弹丸撞击头部的损伤机制，建立科学合理的头部损伤评估标准，本文综述了有关动能弹丸钝器撞击人体头部损伤类型、机制和标准的相关文献。列举了头部损伤类型，分析了颅骨损伤和颅内损伤的机理，总结了动能弹丸钝性撞击头部的加速度判据、峰值力判据、钝性判据和黏度判据。并探讨了这四种损伤标准的评价依据和优缺点。通过剖析现有研究的不足，本研究提出了未来研究的建议。旨在为后续头部损伤机制和损伤标准的研究提供见解，并为非致命动能弹丸的设计改进和性能优化提供指导。

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引用次数: 0

Examining the role of cyanide poisoning in the autopsies of closed-space fire deaths in Istanbul (Türkiye) 审查氰化物中毒在伊斯坦布尔封闭空间火灾死亡尸体解剖中的作用（t<s:1> rkiye）。

IF 1.2 4区医学 Q3 MEDICINE, LEGAL

Journal of forensic and legal medicine

Pub Date : 2026-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2026.103071

Mustafa Okudan , Doruktan Tufekci , Fatma Ofluoglu , Mahmut Asirdizer

Background

Most deaths in closed-space fires occur due to inhalation of carbon monoxide, hydrogen cyanide, and other gases in the environment.

Material and methods

This study retrospectively examined 42 forensic autopsy reports and the associated crime scene reports of individuals who died in indoor fires. The autopsies were performed at the Morgue Department of the Forensic Medicine Institute in 2022 and 2023.

Results

Cyanide analysis was not conducted in 33.3 % of the 42 cases, and cyanide was detected in only 10.7 % of the 28 cases in which blood cyanide analysis was requested. All cases had positive carboxyhemoglobin levels, although 76.2 % of cases had HbCO values more than 10 %. More than half of the deaths occurred at the scene, primarily in the victims' homes. All cases had burns on their bodies, ranging from second degree to carbonization degree, and soot contamination in the upper and lower respiratory tracts was determined in 77.7 %. The toxicological analysis of blood from victims who received medical treatment, either in ambulances or hospitals, showed no evidence of antidote administration.

Conclusion

The findings of this study highlight the importance of collecting blood samples from the bodies of those who have died at the fire scene, administering cyanide antidotes to survivors via immediate intravenous injection after smoke exposure, and testing survivors for metabolites due to the short half-life of cyanide. For the prevention of cyanide poisoning exposure, and implementation of the administrative actions and training that medical professionals in Türkiye should undertake to assist victims who survive smoke exposure, a brief review is also provided of the legal requirements that must be followed in the construction and interior design of buildings where people congregate.

背景：封闭空间火灾中的大多数死亡是由于吸入环境中的一氧化碳、氰化氢和其他气体造成的。材料和方法：本研究回顾性分析了42份室内火灾中死亡的法医尸检报告和相关的犯罪现场报告。尸检分别于2022年和2023年在法医学研究所太平间部进行。结果：42例患者中有33.3%未进行氰化物分析，28例要求血液氰化物分析的患者中检出氰化物的仅为10.7%。虽然76.2%的病例HbCO值超过10%，但所有病例的碳氧血红蛋白水平均为阳性。超过一半的死亡发生在现场，主要是在受害者的家中。所有病例均有烧伤，烧伤程度从二度到炭化程度不等，77.7%的患者上呼吸道和下呼吸道有烟尘污染。对在救护车或医院接受治疗的受害者的血液进行的毒理学分析显示，没有服用解毒剂的证据。结论：本研究的发现强调了从火灾现场死者身上采集血液样本、在暴露于烟雾后立即静脉注射氰化物解毒剂以及由于氰化物半衰期短而对幸存者进行代谢物检测的重要性。为了防止氰化物中毒，并执行 rkiye医务专业人员应采取的行政行动和培训，以帮助在烟雾暴露中幸存的受害者，还简要审查了在人们聚集的建筑物的建造和室内设计中必须遵守的法律要求。

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引用次数: 0