Brian Alacote-Mauricio, Cindy Gihuaña-Aguilar, Leonor Castro-Ramirez, Luis A. Cervantes-Ganoza, Marysela I Ladera-Castañeda, Giannina Dapello-Zevallos, C. Cayo-Rojas
Aim: Discoloration in ionomeric materials occurs by absorption of substances, so color stability is important because these materials are of choice to restore class V. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the color stability of a giomer, a conventional glass ionomer and a resin-modified glass ionomer exposed to different beverages with different immersion times. Materials and Methods: This in vitro experimental and longitudinal study had 135 discs were sampled in total (2 mm thick × 8 mm in diameter) distributed in three equal groups (n = 45): Beautifil II, Vitremer, and Ketac Universal. Each group was divided into three equal subgroups (n = 15 each group) and immersed in three different staining solutions: coffee, Coca-Cola®, and red wine. Color change was recorded with the Vita Easyshade® spectrophotometer after 1 h, 24 h, and 1 week of immersion. Measures of central tendency and dispersion were calculated. Kruskal–Wallis and Friedman nonparametric H tests were used to compare independent measures. The Bonferroni post hoc was used considering a significance level of P < 0.05. Results: Beautifil II (P <0.05) and Ketac Universal (P < 0.05) showed significant differences with respect to color variation (ΔE) when comparing exposure to Coca-Cola® versus exposure to coffee and red wine for 1 h, 24 h, and 1 week. Vitremer showed no significant differences when exposed to Coca-Cola®, coffee, and red wine for 1 h, 24 h, and 1 week (P = 0.607, P = 0.276, and P = 0.134, sequentially). All three restorative materials, after 1 hour immersed in Coca-Cola®, showed ΔE < 3.3 and Beautifil II obtained ΔE = 3.12 after 24 h immersed in the same beverage. Conclusion: Coffee and red wine significantly varied the color of Beautifil II and Ketac Universal over time. Beautifil II and Ketac Universal showed significantly more pigmentation with red wine and less with Coca-Cola® at 1 week immersion. Vitremer showed no significant differences when exposed to Coca-Cola®, coffee, and red wine at all times tested. There were clinically acceptable variations for all three restorative materials immersed in Coca-Cola for 1 h. This clinical threshold was only maintained for the Beautifil II giomer up to 24 h of immersion in the same beverage.
本研究的目的是评估在不同饮料中浸泡不同浸泡时间的giomer、传统玻璃离聚体和树脂改性玻璃离聚体的颜色稳定性。材料和方法：这项体外实验和纵向研究共取样 135 个牙盘（厚 2 毫米×直径 8 毫米），分为三组（n = 45）：Beautifil II、Vitremer 和 Ketac Universal。每组又分为三个相等的子组（每组 n = 15），分别浸泡在三种不同的染色溶液中：咖啡、可口可乐® 和红酒。浸泡 1 小时、24 小时和 1 周后，用 Vita Easyshade® 分光光度计记录颜色变化。计算了中心倾向和离散度。使用 Kruskal-Wallis 和 Friedman 非参数 H 检验来比较独立测量值。采用 Bonferroni post hoc 检验，显著性水平为 P <0.05。结果Beautifil II（P <0.05）和 Ketac Universal（P <0.05）在暴露于可口可乐®与暴露于咖啡和红酒 1 小时、24 小时和 1 周的情况下，颜色变化（ΔE）有显著差异。Vitremer在暴露于可口可乐®、咖啡和红酒 1 小时、24 小时和 1 周后无明显差异（依次为 P = 0.607、P = 0.276 和 P = 0.134）。所有三种修复材料在可口可乐®中浸泡 1 小时后，ΔE 都小于 3.3，而 Beautifil II 在同一种饮料中浸泡 24 小时后，ΔE = 3.12。结论：咖啡和红酒会明显改变 Beautifil II 和 Ketac Universal 的颜色。浸泡 1 周后，Beautifil II 和 Ketac Universal 在红酒中的色素沉淀明显增加，而在可口可乐®中的色素沉淀则明显减少。在所有测试时间内，Vitremer 在可口可乐®、咖啡和红酒中均无明显差异。三种修复材料在可口可乐中浸泡 1 小时后，其色素变化均可被临床接受，只有 Beautifil II giomer 在同一种饮料中浸泡 24 小时后，其色素变化仍可保持临床阈值。
{"title":"Color stability in a giomer, a conventional glass ionomer and a resin-modified glass ionomer exposed to different pigment beverages: An in vitro comparative study","authors":"Brian Alacote-Mauricio, Cindy Gihuaña-Aguilar, Leonor Castro-Ramirez, Luis A. Cervantes-Ganoza, Marysela I Ladera-Castañeda, Giannina Dapello-Zevallos, C. Cayo-Rojas","doi":"10.4103/jioh.jioh_93_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jioh.jioh_93_23","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: Discoloration in ionomeric materials occurs by absorption of substances, so color stability is important because these materials are of choice to restore class V. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the color stability of a giomer, a conventional glass ionomer and a resin-modified glass ionomer exposed to different beverages with different immersion times. Materials and Methods: This in vitro experimental and longitudinal study had 135 discs were sampled in total (2 mm thick × 8 mm in diameter) distributed in three equal groups (n = 45): Beautifil II, Vitremer, and Ketac Universal. Each group was divided into three equal subgroups (n = 15 each group) and immersed in three different staining solutions: coffee, Coca-Cola®, and red wine. Color change was recorded with the Vita Easyshade® spectrophotometer after 1 h, 24 h, and 1 week of immersion. Measures of central tendency and dispersion were calculated. Kruskal–Wallis and Friedman nonparametric H tests were used to compare independent measures. The Bonferroni post hoc was used considering a significance level of P < 0.05. Results: Beautifil II (P <0.05) and Ketac Universal (P < 0.05) showed significant differences with respect to color variation (ΔE) when comparing exposure to Coca-Cola® versus exposure to coffee and red wine for 1 h, 24 h, and 1 week. Vitremer showed no significant differences when exposed to Coca-Cola®, coffee, and red wine for 1 h, 24 h, and 1 week (P = 0.607, P = 0.276, and P = 0.134, sequentially). All three restorative materials, after 1 hour immersed in Coca-Cola®, showed ΔE < 3.3 and Beautifil II obtained ΔE = 3.12 after 24 h immersed in the same beverage. Conclusion: Coffee and red wine significantly varied the color of Beautifil II and Ketac Universal over time. Beautifil II and Ketac Universal showed significantly more pigmentation with red wine and less with Coca-Cola® at 1 week immersion. Vitremer showed no significant differences when exposed to Coca-Cola®, coffee, and red wine at all times tested. There were clinically acceptable variations for all three restorative materials immersed in Coca-Cola for 1 h. This clinical threshold was only maintained for the Beautifil II giomer up to 24 h of immersion in the same beverage.","PeriodicalId":16138,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Oral Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139364966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sagnik Bhattacharya, P. Mazumdar, Sayantan Mukherjee
Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of dental caries in the adult population residing in West Bengal and measure the salivary pH, calcium, phosphorus, immunoglobulin A (IgA), and immunoglobulin A (IgG); and to determine a correlation between the caries experience and the variables measured. Materials and Methods: This was a correlative analytical study with a cross-sectional approach where a total of 100 patients who fit the inclusion criteria were included in the study. First, the number of caries teeth of each patient was recorded using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System II (ICDAS II) scoring system, and subsequently unstimulated saliva was collected. The saliva was measured for pH using a pH meter, calcium using the o-Cresolpthalein Complexone method, phosphorus using Molybdate UV method, and IgA and IgG using the immunoglobulin estimation kit. Chi-square test of proportions was employed to test the categorical variables. Parametric tests were carried out for inferential statistics. Pearson’s correlation test was used to correlate the number of carious teeth with that of the salivary pH, calcium levels, phosphorus levels, salivary IgA levels, and salivary IgG levels. Results: There was a strong negative correlation between the calcium levels and the number of carious teeth present, which was highly statistically significant. There was a very strong negative correlation between the salivary pH, phosphorus levels, salivary IgA levels, and the number of carious teeth, which was highly statistically significant. There was a moderately negative correlation between the IgG levels and the number of carious teeth present which was highly statistically significant. Conclusion: There is an inverse relation between the prevalence of dental caries in the adult population of the Northern Suburban area of Kolkata and salivary pH, calcium, phosphorus, IgA, and IgG.
目的：本研究旨在评估西孟加拉邦成年人的龋齿患病率，测量唾液 pH 值、钙、磷、免疫球蛋白 A (IgA) 和免疫球蛋白 A (IgG)，并确定龋齿经历与测量变量之间的相关性。材料和方法：这是一项横断面相关分析研究，共纳入 100 名符合纳入标准的患者。首先，使用国际龋齿检测和评估系统 II（ICDAS II）评分系统记录每位患者的龋齿数量，然后收集未刺激唾液。使用 pH 计测量唾液的 pH 值，使用邻甲酚酞络合酮法测量钙，使用钼酸盐紫外线法测量磷，使用免疫球蛋白估算试剂盒测量 IgA 和 IgG。检验分类变量时采用了比例的卡方检验。推断统计采用参数检验。龋齿数量与唾液 pH 值、钙水平、磷水平、唾液 IgA 水平和唾液 IgG 水平之间的相关性采用了皮尔逊相关检验。结果显示钙水平与龋齿数量之间存在很强的负相关，统计学意义非常显著。唾液 pH 值、磷水平、唾液 IgA 水平与龋齿数量之间存在极强的负相关，具有高度统计学意义。IgG 水平与龋齿数量呈中度负相关，具有高度统计学意义。结论加尔各答北郊地区成年人的龋齿患病率与唾液 pH 值、钙、磷、IgA 和 IgG 之间存在反比关系。
{"title":"Correlation between dental caries and salivary pH, mineral content, and salivary immunoglobulin levels in adult population of northern suburban region of Kolkata, India","authors":"Sagnik Bhattacharya, P. Mazumdar, Sayantan Mukherjee","doi":"10.4103/jioh.jioh_34_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jioh.jioh_34_23","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of dental caries in the adult population residing in West Bengal and measure the salivary pH, calcium, phosphorus, immunoglobulin A (IgA), and immunoglobulin A (IgG); and to determine a correlation between the caries experience and the variables measured. Materials and Methods: This was a correlative analytical study with a cross-sectional approach where a total of 100 patients who fit the inclusion criteria were included in the study. First, the number of caries teeth of each patient was recorded using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System II (ICDAS II) scoring system, and subsequently unstimulated saliva was collected. The saliva was measured for pH using a pH meter, calcium using the o-Cresolpthalein Complexone method, phosphorus using Molybdate UV method, and IgA and IgG using the immunoglobulin estimation kit. Chi-square test of proportions was employed to test the categorical variables. Parametric tests were carried out for inferential statistics. Pearson’s correlation test was used to correlate the number of carious teeth with that of the salivary pH, calcium levels, phosphorus levels, salivary IgA levels, and salivary IgG levels. Results: There was a strong negative correlation between the calcium levels and the number of carious teeth present, which was highly statistically significant. There was a very strong negative correlation between the salivary pH, phosphorus levels, salivary IgA levels, and the number of carious teeth, which was highly statistically significant. There was a moderately negative correlation between the IgG levels and the number of carious teeth present which was highly statistically significant. Conclusion: There is an inverse relation between the prevalence of dental caries in the adult population of the Northern Suburban area of Kolkata and salivary pH, calcium, phosphorus, IgA, and IgG.","PeriodicalId":16138,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Oral Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139364435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.4103/jioh.jioh_255_22
Y. Pallavi Reddy, V. Suryakumari, S. Yadav
Aim: The present study evaluated the effect of different cavity configurations on stresses generated in maxillary first premolars restored with ceramic inlays and onlays using a finite element analysis (FEA). Materials and Methods: An extracted maxillary first premolar was used to generate a 3D FEA model from which three FEA models were designed for inlay designated as Group A and two FEA models for onlay designated as Group B. Further, based on the cavity design, they were subdivided into A1—mesio-occlusal, A2—disto-occlusal cavity, A3—mesio-occlusal distal cavity, and B1—conventional onlay preparation, B2—conservative onlay preparation. Leucite and lithium disilicate ceramics were the materials tested. An axial load of 200 N was applied vertically on the Occlusal surface. A static FEA was performed to analyze the stresses generated. Outputs of minimal principal stresses (MPS-compressive) on enamel, maximum von Misses stress values in MPa in dentin, and restoration were recorded and tabulated. Results: MPS recorded in enamel were in the order GrA3 > GrA2 > Gr B1 > GrB2 >GrA1. The von Mises stresses generated in dentin were highest for GrA2 (65.4 MPa), followed by Groups A3, A1, B2, and B1 (24.5MPa). The ceramic materials evaluated did not significantly influence the stresses. Conclusion: None of the cavity designs or the materials tested resulted in deleterious stresses leading to failure. Inlays and onlays prove to be reinforcing restorations in maxillary first premolars, with onlays having an embracing effect on the remaining sound tooth structure.
目的：本研究使用有限元分析（FEA）评估了不同牙洞结构对使用陶瓷嵌体和镶体修复的上颌第一前磨牙所产生应力的影响。材料和方法：使用一颗拔出的上颌第一前磨牙生成三维有限元分析模型，根据该模型设计出三个有限元分析模型，嵌体称为 A 组，两个有限元分析模型称为 B 组。此外，根据牙洞的设计，它们又被细分为 A1-介质-咬合面牙洞、A2-远端-咬合面牙洞、A3-介质-咬合面远端牙洞，以及 B1-常规镶嵌体制备法、B2-保守镶嵌体制备法。测试材料为白云石和二硅酸锂陶瓷。在咬合面上垂直施加 200 N 的轴向负荷。进行静态有限元分析以分析产生的应力。珐琅质上的最小主应力（MPS-压缩）、牙本质上以兆帕为单位的最大 von Misses 应力值以及修复体的输出均已记录并列表。结果：在珐琅质中记录的最小主应力依次为 GrA3 > GrA2 > Gr B1 > GrB2 > GrA1。牙本质中产生的冯米塞斯应力最高的是 GrA2（65.4 兆帕），其次是 A3、A1、B2 和 B1 组（24.5 兆帕）。所评估的陶瓷材料对应力没有明显影响。结论所测试的牙洞设计或材料都不会导致有害的应力，从而导致失败。事实证明，嵌体和镶体是上颌第一前磨牙的加固修复体，其中镶体对剩余的健全牙齿结构具有包容作用。
{"title":"Evaluation of stresses in maxillary first premolar restored with ceramic inlays and onlays by 3D finite element analysis: An in vitro study","authors":"Y. Pallavi Reddy, V. Suryakumari, S. Yadav","doi":"10.4103/jioh.jioh_255_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jioh.jioh_255_22","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The present study evaluated the effect of different cavity configurations on stresses generated in maxillary first premolars restored with ceramic inlays and onlays using a finite element analysis (FEA). Materials and Methods: An extracted maxillary first premolar was used to generate a 3D FEA model from which three FEA models were designed for inlay designated as Group A and two FEA models for onlay designated as Group B. Further, based on the cavity design, they were subdivided into A1—mesio-occlusal, A2—disto-occlusal cavity, A3—mesio-occlusal distal cavity, and B1—conventional onlay preparation, B2—conservative onlay preparation. Leucite and lithium disilicate ceramics were the materials tested. An axial load of 200 N was applied vertically on the Occlusal surface. A static FEA was performed to analyze the stresses generated. Outputs of minimal principal stresses (MPS-compressive) on enamel, maximum von Misses stress values in MPa in dentin, and restoration were recorded and tabulated. Results: MPS recorded in enamel were in the order GrA3 > GrA2 > Gr B1 > GrB2 >GrA1. The von Mises stresses generated in dentin were highest for GrA2 (65.4 MPa), followed by Groups A3, A1, B2, and B1 (24.5MPa). The ceramic materials evaluated did not significantly influence the stresses. Conclusion: None of the cavity designs or the materials tested resulted in deleterious stresses leading to failure. Inlays and onlays prove to be reinforcing restorations in maxillary first premolars, with onlays having an embracing effect on the remaining sound tooth structure.","PeriodicalId":16138,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Oral Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139364662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.4103/jioh.jioh_267_22
N. Astuti, L. Hanindriyo, Probosuseno, Y. Prabandari
Aim: Currently, there have been several literature reviews on oral exercise with elderly samples, but there have been no reviews on oral exercises based on the types and effects of oral exercise improving oral function. Therefore, it is necessary to map the possibilities of prominent oral exercises which most effectively affecting the oral functions from previous studies by scoping review. This scoping review aimed to map available evidence on the types and effects of oral exercise in improving oral function among the elderly population. Methods and Materials: The research on types and effects of oral exercise among the elderly was comprehensively searched through the Cochrane, Embase, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. This scoping review was reported following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines for scoping reviews. The inclusion criteria of this review were articles published in 2008–2021, with elderly subjects more than ≥60 years, articles describing types and effects of oral exercise, original articles, research articles or research papers, and articles with interventional studies, including randomized control trials and quasi-experimental study type. Results: The types of oral exercises were tongue exercise, masticatory muscle exercise, swallowing exercise, salivary gland massage, verbal, facial muscle exercise, lip stretching, cheek stretching, facial muscle exercise, and neck stretching. Meanwhile, the effects of oral exercise which improved oral functions were swallowing ability, masticatory ability, oral diadochokinesis, oral moisture degree, cheek expanding ability, lip–tongue motor function, increased salivary secretion, and decreased subjective oral dryness. Fifteen articles were obtained for this study, and 13 of them showed the effectiveness of tongue exercise in improving oral function. Conclusions: Oral exercises are effective to improve oral function, mostly as a way to increase the swallowing ability in the elderly. In addition, it was also revealed that the most effective type of exercise is tongue exercise.
目的：目前，已有多篇关于老年人口腔锻炼的文献综述，但还没有基于口腔锻炼的类型和改善口腔功能的效果的文献综述。因此，有必要通过范围综述，从以往的研究中找出最能有效影响口腔功能的突出口腔运动的可能性。本范围界定综述旨在绘制关于口腔锻炼在改善老年人口腔功能方面的类型和效果的现有证据。方法和材料：通过 Cochrane、Embase、PubMed、Scopus 和 Web of Science 数据库全面检索了有关老年人口腔锻炼的类型和效果的研究。本范围界定综述按照《系统综述和元分析首选报告项目》的范围界定综述指南进行报告。本综述的纳入标准为：2008-2021 年间发表的文章，研究对象为年龄≥60 岁的老年人；描述口腔锻炼类型和效果的文章；原创性文章、研究文章或研究论文；干预性研究文章，包括随机对照试验和准实验研究类型。研究结果口腔运动的类型包括舌运动、咀嚼肌运动、吞咽运动、唾液腺按摩、口语、面部肌肉运动、唇部拉伸、颊部拉伸、面部肌肉运动和颈部拉伸。同时，口腔运动改善口腔功能的效果包括吞咽能力、咀嚼能力、口腔舒张运动、口腔湿润度、扩颊能力、唇舌运动功能、唾液分泌增加、主观口腔干燥减轻。本研究共获得 15 篇文章，其中 13 篇显示了舌部运动在改善口腔功能方面的有效性。研究结论口腔锻炼能有效改善口腔功能，主要是作为提高老年人吞咽能力的一种方法。此外，研究还发现最有效的锻炼方式是舌部锻炼。
{"title":"Types and effects of oral exercise on oral function in the elderly: A scoping review of interventional studies","authors":"N. Astuti, L. Hanindriyo, Probosuseno, Y. Prabandari","doi":"10.4103/jioh.jioh_267_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jioh.jioh_267_22","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: Currently, there have been several literature reviews on oral exercise with elderly samples, but there have been no reviews on oral exercises based on the types and effects of oral exercise improving oral function. Therefore, it is necessary to map the possibilities of prominent oral exercises which most effectively affecting the oral functions from previous studies by scoping review. This scoping review aimed to map available evidence on the types and effects of oral exercise in improving oral function among the elderly population. Methods and Materials: The research on types and effects of oral exercise among the elderly was comprehensively searched through the Cochrane, Embase, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. This scoping review was reported following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines for scoping reviews. The inclusion criteria of this review were articles published in 2008–2021, with elderly subjects more than ≥60 years, articles describing types and effects of oral exercise, original articles, research articles or research papers, and articles with interventional studies, including randomized control trials and quasi-experimental study type. Results: The types of oral exercises were tongue exercise, masticatory muscle exercise, swallowing exercise, salivary gland massage, verbal, facial muscle exercise, lip stretching, cheek stretching, facial muscle exercise, and neck stretching. Meanwhile, the effects of oral exercise which improved oral functions were swallowing ability, masticatory ability, oral diadochokinesis, oral moisture degree, cheek expanding ability, lip–tongue motor function, increased salivary secretion, and decreased subjective oral dryness. Fifteen articles were obtained for this study, and 13 of them showed the effectiveness of tongue exercise in improving oral function. Conclusions: Oral exercises are effective to improve oral function, mostly as a way to increase the swallowing ability in the elderly. In addition, it was also revealed that the most effective type of exercise is tongue exercise.","PeriodicalId":16138,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Oral Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139364747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim: The purpose of this research was to compare the cytotoxicity effect of two naturally based intracanal medications, which are silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and AgNPs with curcumin, to the commonly utilized calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2). Materials and Methods: Evaluation was done using cell line in vitro. The cell line used in our study was Gingival Fibroblast cells (ATCC PCS-201-012). After 48 h of exposure, the water soluble tetrazolium salt (WST-1) assay was used to assess the vitality of the cells by Abcam kit. Fifty-four samples were categorized randomly into three groups in accordance with the type of intracanal medicament applied: group A—18 samples of AgNPs; group B—18 samples of AgNPs with curcumin; and group C—18 samples of Ca(OH)2. Each main group was subdivided randomly into six subgroups; three samples for each subgroup according to concentrations (Conc) used, which were 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, and 100, and normal cells as a control. Statistical analysis was done using Shapiro–Wilk and Kolmogorov–Smirnov tests, paired sample t test, and one-way analysis of variance. Results: In Conc 0.01, the highest viability percentage of living cells with the least cytotoxicity percentage was found in the control group, then in group A, and then in group C, whereas the lowest viability percentage was detected in group B. I the water soluble tetrazolium salt (WST-1) assay was used n Conc 0.1, Conc 1, Conc 10, and Conc 100, the highest viability percentage of living cells was detected in the control group, then in group C, and then in group A; however, the lowest was detected in group B. Conclusion: All three tested intracanal medications were noncytotoxic.
{"title":"Cytotoxicity evaluation of three different types of intracanal medications","authors":"S. Abdou, Amira Mohamed, Yousra Aly","doi":"10.4103/jioh.jioh_50_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jioh.jioh_50_23","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The purpose of this research was to compare the cytotoxicity effect of two naturally based intracanal medications, which are silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and AgNPs with curcumin, to the commonly utilized calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2). Materials and Methods: Evaluation was done using cell line in vitro. The cell line used in our study was Gingival Fibroblast cells (ATCC PCS-201-012). After 48 h of exposure, the water soluble tetrazolium salt (WST-1) assay was used to assess the vitality of the cells by Abcam kit. Fifty-four samples were categorized randomly into three groups in accordance with the type of intracanal medicament applied: group A—18 samples of AgNPs; group B—18 samples of AgNPs with curcumin; and group C—18 samples of Ca(OH)2. Each main group was subdivided randomly into six subgroups; three samples for each subgroup according to concentrations (Conc) used, which were 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, and 100, and normal cells as a control. Statistical analysis was done using Shapiro–Wilk and Kolmogorov–Smirnov tests, paired sample t test, and one-way analysis of variance. Results: In Conc 0.01, the highest viability percentage of living cells with the least cytotoxicity percentage was found in the control group, then in group A, and then in group C, whereas the lowest viability percentage was detected in group B. I the water soluble tetrazolium salt (WST-1) assay was used n Conc 0.1, Conc 1, Conc 10, and Conc 100, the highest viability percentage of living cells was detected in the control group, then in group C, and then in group A; however, the lowest was detected in group B. Conclusion: All three tested intracanal medications were noncytotoxic.","PeriodicalId":16138,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Oral Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139366008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.4103/jioh.jioh_261_21
Dewi Zakiawati, I. Sufiawati, Herry Herman
Aim: The primary aim of this study was to analyze differences in total antioxidant capacity (TAOC) levels in patients with HIV/AIDS compared with healthy individuals. The secondary aim of this study was to investigate factors that may contribute to the TAOC level in patients with HIV/AIDS including viral load, CD4 counts, and oral lesions. Materials and Methods: This research was a cross-sectional study. Fifty-eight samples from patients with HIV/AIDS and healthy individuals were calculated using the purposive sampling method. The TAOC level from the stored biological material was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with the colorimetric method. The data were analyzed statistically using the chi-square to see the difference in TAOC levels between HIV and healthy individuals. Spearman’s correlation test was used to analyze the correlation between TAOC and other contributing factors. Results: The serum samples were collected from 35 patients with HIV/AIDS (74.3% men and 25.7% women) and 23 healthy individuals (65.2% men and 34.8% women). The samples were mostly obtained from healthy individuals aged 25–34 and 35–44 years old with a 47.8% and 37.1%, consecutively. Similarly, the HIV/AIDS samples are also dominated by the same age group which shares the exact percentage of both groups (37.1%). The TAOC level in patients with HIV/AIDS was lower significantly than the healthy individuals (P < 0.05). However, the TAOC level had a very weak statistical correlation with viral load (P = 0.03), CD4 (P = 0.46), and oral lesions (P = 0.44). Conclusions: In this study, the TAOC level in patients with HIV/AIDS was lower than the healthy individuals, and did not correlate to the number of viral loads, CD4 cell count, and oral lesions of patients with HIV/AIDS.
{"title":"Comparison of total antioxidant capacity level in patients with HIV/AIDS and healthy individuals","authors":"Dewi Zakiawati, I. Sufiawati, Herry Herman","doi":"10.4103/jioh.jioh_261_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jioh.jioh_261_21","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The primary aim of this study was to analyze differences in total antioxidant capacity (TAOC) levels in patients with HIV/AIDS compared with healthy individuals. The secondary aim of this study was to investigate factors that may contribute to the TAOC level in patients with HIV/AIDS including viral load, CD4 counts, and oral lesions. Materials and Methods: This research was a cross-sectional study. Fifty-eight samples from patients with HIV/AIDS and healthy individuals were calculated using the purposive sampling method. The TAOC level from the stored biological material was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with the colorimetric method. The data were analyzed statistically using the chi-square to see the difference in TAOC levels between HIV and healthy individuals. Spearman’s correlation test was used to analyze the correlation between TAOC and other contributing factors. Results: The serum samples were collected from 35 patients with HIV/AIDS (74.3% men and 25.7% women) and 23 healthy individuals (65.2% men and 34.8% women). The samples were mostly obtained from healthy individuals aged 25–34 and 35–44 years old with a 47.8% and 37.1%, consecutively. Similarly, the HIV/AIDS samples are also dominated by the same age group which shares the exact percentage of both groups (37.1%). The TAOC level in patients with HIV/AIDS was lower significantly than the healthy individuals (P < 0.05). However, the TAOC level had a very weak statistical correlation with viral load (P = 0.03), CD4 (P = 0.46), and oral lesions (P = 0.44). Conclusions: In this study, the TAOC level in patients with HIV/AIDS was lower than the healthy individuals, and did not correlate to the number of viral loads, CD4 cell count, and oral lesions of patients with HIV/AIDS.","PeriodicalId":16138,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Oral Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139364475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.4103/jioh.jioh_243_22
Swapna Sreenivasagan, A. Subramanian, N. Ramasamy
Aim: There are wide variations in placement of extra-alveolar bone screws that can occur in angulation, the height of placement, and other operator-related factors. The aim of this study is to comparatively evaluate the position of bilaterally placed infrazygomatic crest (IZC) mini-implants factors such as height, angulation, the length outside the bone, if any sinus penetration and the depth of penetration into the sinus. Materials and Methods: The study is a retrospective pilot study collected from the hospital records over the time period study was conducted. Posteroanterior cephalograms taken for patients after bilateral placement of IZC were collected. The comparison of the variations in placement for the right and left side was done. Results: There is wide variation among the sample and comparison to the right and left sides in the same sample. The height of placement above the buccal tube ranged from 7 to 8 mm. There were wide variations in angulation of the implant to the buccal bone ranging from 15° to up to 50°. Of the total size of the IZC mini-implant 6–7 mm of the implant was left outside the bone and an average of 2.5 mm of sinus penetration was commonly observed. Conclusion: Postplacement assessment of IZC can be done with a posteroanterior cephalogram. The implant was placed at a height of 6–10 mm above the buccal tube; there were wide variations in angulations between right and left side; 4–7 mm of the mini-implant did not engage the IZC, and there was a high incidence of sinus penetration ranging from 1 mm to 3.5 mm.
{"title":"Posteroanterior cephalometric immediate assessment of infrazygomatic crest mini-implants: A retrospective study","authors":"Swapna Sreenivasagan, A. Subramanian, N. Ramasamy","doi":"10.4103/jioh.jioh_243_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jioh.jioh_243_22","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: There are wide variations in placement of extra-alveolar bone screws that can occur in angulation, the height of placement, and other operator-related factors. The aim of this study is to comparatively evaluate the position of bilaterally placed infrazygomatic crest (IZC) mini-implants factors such as height, angulation, the length outside the bone, if any sinus penetration and the depth of penetration into the sinus. Materials and Methods: The study is a retrospective pilot study collected from the hospital records over the time period study was conducted. Posteroanterior cephalograms taken for patients after bilateral placement of IZC were collected. The comparison of the variations in placement for the right and left side was done. Results: There is wide variation among the sample and comparison to the right and left sides in the same sample. The height of placement above the buccal tube ranged from 7 to 8 mm. There were wide variations in angulation of the implant to the buccal bone ranging from 15° to up to 50°. Of the total size of the IZC mini-implant 6–7 mm of the implant was left outside the bone and an average of 2.5 mm of sinus penetration was commonly observed. Conclusion: Postplacement assessment of IZC can be done with a posteroanterior cephalogram. The implant was placed at a height of 6–10 mm above the buccal tube; there were wide variations in angulations between right and left side; 4–7 mm of the mini-implant did not engage the IZC, and there was a high incidence of sinus penetration ranging from 1 mm to 3.5 mm.","PeriodicalId":16138,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Oral Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139365026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.4103/jioh.jioh_269_22
S. Marconcini, S. Cosola, E. Giammarinaro, G. Oldoini, A. Genovesi
Aim: Bacterial plaque is associated with periodontal inflammation. The aim of this study was to prospectively assess the clinical effectiveness of two different agents in a staged approach for nonsurgical periodontal treatment in terms of clinical and patients related outcomes in a cohort of patients with periodontitis: NitrAdine®-based disinfectant formula (PerioTabs®) vs. Chlorhexidine (CHX) 0.12% toothpaste and mouthwash 0.20%. Materials and Methods: In the current randomized investigation, patients diagnosed with periodontal disease (stages I–III) scheduled for nonsurgical periodontal therapy were assigned at random to utilize PerioTabs®, a NitrAdine® brushing solution, or a CHX mouthwash at home. After 10–15 days of product use, active decontamination using sonic scalers and powders was carried out. The study’s outcomes were tracked at the beginning, throughout the professional intervention, and 30 and 90 days later. Assessments were made of clinical and patient-related factors. For the purposes of descriptive and inferential statistics, the chosen variables were entered into a virtual environment. Results: Forty patients were included in the final analysis. All patients showed major clinical and patient-related outcomes improvement after therapy at each time point. In the PerioTabs® group, the decrease in the bleeding score observed after the initial 10-day preparatory period (before active decontamination) was greater than in the CHX group, respectively, –45.17 ± 4.69% and –21.51 ± 2.07%. Conclusion: This study reported that the staged approach improved the clinical effectiveness of periodontal treatment in patients with periodontal disease and further suggests that PerioTabs® can be used as an efficient alternative to CHX as an adjunctive antimicrobial intervention prior to active decontamination.
{"title":"The effectiveness of an incremental approach to nonsurgical periodontal therapy with the use of adjunctive slow-release locally administered 0.02% hypochlorite formulation: A randomized clinical study","authors":"S. Marconcini, S. Cosola, E. Giammarinaro, G. Oldoini, A. Genovesi","doi":"10.4103/jioh.jioh_269_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jioh.jioh_269_22","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: Bacterial plaque is associated with periodontal inflammation. The aim of this study was to prospectively assess the clinical effectiveness of two different agents in a staged approach for nonsurgical periodontal treatment in terms of clinical and patients related outcomes in a cohort of patients with periodontitis: NitrAdine®-based disinfectant formula (PerioTabs®) vs. Chlorhexidine (CHX) 0.12% toothpaste and mouthwash 0.20%. Materials and Methods: In the current randomized investigation, patients diagnosed with periodontal disease (stages I–III) scheduled for nonsurgical periodontal therapy were assigned at random to utilize PerioTabs®, a NitrAdine® brushing solution, or a CHX mouthwash at home. After 10–15 days of product use, active decontamination using sonic scalers and powders was carried out. The study’s outcomes were tracked at the beginning, throughout the professional intervention, and 30 and 90 days later. Assessments were made of clinical and patient-related factors. For the purposes of descriptive and inferential statistics, the chosen variables were entered into a virtual environment. Results: Forty patients were included in the final analysis. All patients showed major clinical and patient-related outcomes improvement after therapy at each time point. In the PerioTabs® group, the decrease in the bleeding score observed after the initial 10-day preparatory period (before active decontamination) was greater than in the CHX group, respectively, –45.17 ± 4.69% and –21.51 ± 2.07%. Conclusion: This study reported that the staged approach improved the clinical effectiveness of periodontal treatment in patients with periodontal disease and further suggests that PerioTabs® can be used as an efficient alternative to CHX as an adjunctive antimicrobial intervention prior to active decontamination.","PeriodicalId":16138,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Oral Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139365337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Hummudi, G. Faisal, I. Yassen, Ahmed Kassoob, E. Makky
Aim: Herbal treatment has recently been validated as a safe and effective alternative to antimicrobial drugs due to its safety and efficiency. Eurycoma longifolia root jack root extract (E.L.) has been documented for its antibacterial and antifungal properties. Acrylic resin is used to produce dentures. However, due to its porous nature, it is a good site for Candida albicans to adhere and cause infection. The aim of the presented study was to evaluate the effects of adding E.L. root extract to acrylic resin on the properties of heat polymerized denture material. Materials and Methods: Sixty circular-shaped (30 mm × 2 mm) specimens were prepared from heat-polymerized acrylic resin in total. Then they were divided into one control group and two experimental groups, which were prepared by adding 0.5 gm of E.L. root extract to 10 mL monomer. Polymer powder was added to the monomer. The conventional water bath method was used for mixing, packing, and processing. Specimens were polished and finished after processing, and then maintained for 48 h in distilled water. Shore D, profilometer tester and color recognition sensor were employed to measure the surface hardness, roughness and color changes. Statistical analysis was conducted via independent sample t test. Results: The results indicated no significant change in roughness values concerning the study groups. Hardness results showed a higher mean value for the experimental group in compared to the control. However, the independent sample t test showed no significant change between the study groups. In color change test, no statistically significant change between experimental and control regarding red and green colors mean values whereas blue color mean values showed significant alteration and color change tests. Conclusion: The study concluded that E. longifolia root extract showed better surface hardness and no effect on color alteration and surface roughness after incorporation to heat cure acrylic resin, which means it can be used as a natural safe antimicrobial agent incorporated into the resin.
目的：草药治疗因其安全性和高效性，最近已被证实是抗菌药物的一种安全有效的替代疗法。Eurycoma longifolia root jack root extract (E.L.) 具有抗菌和抗真菌功效。丙烯酸树脂用于制作假牙。然而，由于其多孔性，它是白色念珠菌附着和引起感染的良好场所。本研究旨在评估在丙烯酸树脂中添加 E.L. 根提取物对热聚合义齿材料性能的影响。材料与方法用热聚合丙烯酸树脂制备 60 个圆形（30 毫米 × 2 毫米）试样。在 10 mL 单体中加入 0.5 gm 的枇杷根提取物。在单体中加入聚合物粉末。采用传统的水浴法进行混合、包装和加工。加工完成后对试样进行抛光处理，然后在蒸馏水中保持 48 小时。采用肖氏硬度、轮廓仪和颜色识别传感器测量表面硬度、粗糙度和颜色变化。统计分析通过独立样本 t 检验进行。结果显示结果表明，各研究组的粗糙度值无明显变化。硬度结果显示，实验组的平均值高于对照组。然而，独立样本 t 检验显示研究组之间没有明显变化。在颜色变化测试中，实验组和对照组的红色和绿色平均值在统计上没有明显变化，而蓝色平均值在颜色变化测试中出现了明显变化。结论研究得出结论：E. longifolia 根提取物在加入热固化丙烯酸树脂后显示出更好的表面硬度，对颜色变化和表面粗糙度没有影响，这意味着它可以作为一种天然安全的抗菌剂加入树脂中。
{"title":"Effects of incorporation of Eurycoma longifolia Jack root extract on properties of heat cured acrylic resin","authors":"I. Hummudi, G. Faisal, I. Yassen, Ahmed Kassoob, E. Makky","doi":"10.4103/jioh.jioh_82_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jioh.jioh_82_23","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: Herbal treatment has recently been validated as a safe and effective alternative to antimicrobial drugs due to its safety and efficiency. Eurycoma longifolia root jack root extract (E.L.) has been documented for its antibacterial and antifungal properties. Acrylic resin is used to produce dentures. However, due to its porous nature, it is a good site for Candida albicans to adhere and cause infection. The aim of the presented study was to evaluate the effects of adding E.L. root extract to acrylic resin on the properties of heat polymerized denture material. Materials and Methods: Sixty circular-shaped (30 mm × 2 mm) specimens were prepared from heat-polymerized acrylic resin in total. Then they were divided into one control group and two experimental groups, which were prepared by adding 0.5 gm of E.L. root extract to 10 mL monomer. Polymer powder was added to the monomer. The conventional water bath method was used for mixing, packing, and processing. Specimens were polished and finished after processing, and then maintained for 48 h in distilled water. Shore D, profilometer tester and color recognition sensor were employed to measure the surface hardness, roughness and color changes. Statistical analysis was conducted via independent sample t test. Results: The results indicated no significant change in roughness values concerning the study groups. Hardness results showed a higher mean value for the experimental group in compared to the control. However, the independent sample t test showed no significant change between the study groups. In color change test, no statistically significant change between experimental and control regarding red and green colors mean values whereas blue color mean values showed significant alteration and color change tests. Conclusion: The study concluded that E. longifolia root extract showed better surface hardness and no effect on color alteration and surface roughness after incorporation to heat cure acrylic resin, which means it can be used as a natural safe antimicrobial agent incorporated into the resin.","PeriodicalId":16138,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Oral Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139365464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kiranmayi Govula, Gnyani Prasad, Y. Pavan Kumar, M. Kowmudi, Sannapureddy Swapna, Niharika Mungara
Aim: Postoperative pain affects the quality of life and upsets clinicians and patients, which could cause postoperative discomforts such as pain, swelling, and persistent inflammation. Hence conventional irrigation methods are not sufficient to reduce the postoperative pain (PP). EndoActivator can reduce the risk of irrigant extrusion into periapical tissues to help patients and clinicians. The aim is to screen the clinical trials that compared the effect of activation of Irrigant by EndoActivator compared with without activation and the severity of pain after root canal treatment in the teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. Materials and Methods: Search criteria: PubMed/Medline, PubMed Central, Cochrane Library, EBSCO, EMBASE, Scopus Web of Science, DOAJ, LILAC, Manual search, Grey literature search. Randomized clinical trials, controlled clinical trials, or clinical studies were included which recruited patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis teeth with preoperative pain scores (moderate to severe) on a visual analogue scale and should have used activated irrigation by EndoActivator during root canal treatment and evaluated postoperative pain at different time intervals. The Risk of Bias (RoB) and meta-analysis were analyzed using review-manager software. Results: Four trials were judged to have a low RoB. There was a significant reduction in PP in the EndoActivator group at 8 and 24 h. There was a clinical significance difference between the activated and non-activated irrigation methods. Conclusion: The review has highlighted the need for irrigant activation in the regular clinical endodontic practice to increase the success rate and reduce PP, a crucial factor related to symptomatic irreversible pulpitis teeth.
目的：术后疼痛会影响生活质量，让临床医生和患者感到不安，并可能引起术后不适，如疼痛、肿胀和持续性炎症。因此，传统的灌洗方法不足以减轻术后疼痛（PP）。EndoActivator 可以降低冲洗剂挤入根尖周组织的风险，从而为患者和临床医生提供帮助。目的是筛选临床试验，比较使用 EndoActivator 激活冲洗剂与不激活冲洗剂的效果，以及有症状的不可逆牙髓炎患者根管治疗后疼痛的严重程度。材料与方法搜索标准：PubMed/Medline、PubMed Central、Cochrane Library、EBSCO、EMBASE、Scopus Web of Science、DOAJ、LILAC、人工检索、灰色文献检索。纳入的随机临床试验、对照临床试验或临床研究均招募了有症状的不可逆牙髓炎患者，这些患者术前疼痛评分（中度至重度）采用视觉模拟评分法，在根管治疗过程中应使用 EndoActivator 激活灌洗器，并在不同时间间隔对术后疼痛进行评估。使用综述管理器软件对偏倚风险（RoB）和荟萃分析进行了分析。结果：四项试验被判定为低偏倚风险。EndoActivator 组的 PP 在 8 和 24 小时内明显减少。结论：该综述强调了在常规临床牙髓治疗实践中激活冲洗剂的必要性，以提高成功率并降低PP，PP是与有症状的不可逆牙髓炎牙齿相关的一个关键因素。
{"title":"Efficacy of EndoActivator on the postoperative pain in the teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Kiranmayi Govula, Gnyani Prasad, Y. Pavan Kumar, M. Kowmudi, Sannapureddy Swapna, Niharika Mungara","doi":"10.4103/jioh.jioh_51_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jioh.jioh_51_23","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: Postoperative pain affects the quality of life and upsets clinicians and patients, which could cause postoperative discomforts such as pain, swelling, and persistent inflammation. Hence conventional irrigation methods are not sufficient to reduce the postoperative pain (PP). EndoActivator can reduce the risk of irrigant extrusion into periapical tissues to help patients and clinicians. The aim is to screen the clinical trials that compared the effect of activation of Irrigant by EndoActivator compared with without activation and the severity of pain after root canal treatment in the teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. Materials and Methods: Search criteria: PubMed/Medline, PubMed Central, Cochrane Library, EBSCO, EMBASE, Scopus Web of Science, DOAJ, LILAC, Manual search, Grey literature search. Randomized clinical trials, controlled clinical trials, or clinical studies were included which recruited patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis teeth with preoperative pain scores (moderate to severe) on a visual analogue scale and should have used activated irrigation by EndoActivator during root canal treatment and evaluated postoperative pain at different time intervals. The Risk of Bias (RoB) and meta-analysis were analyzed using review-manager software. Results: Four trials were judged to have a low RoB. There was a significant reduction in PP in the EndoActivator group at 8 and 24 h. There was a clinical significance difference between the activated and non-activated irrigation methods. Conclusion: The review has highlighted the need for irrigant activation in the regular clinical endodontic practice to increase the success rate and reduce PP, a crucial factor related to symptomatic irreversible pulpitis teeth.","PeriodicalId":16138,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Oral Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139365897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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