Pub Date : 2015-08-05DOI: 10.4172/2167-0889.1000183
M. Piechota, Anna Piechota, A. Śliwczyński, M. Marczak
Introduction: Liver cell carcinoma includes primary malignant liver neoplasms originating from epithelial cells. Liver cell carcinoma is one of the most common cancers and is the 3rd leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. However, the epidemiology and the various available treatment options have not been sufficiently studied in Poland. The aim of the present study was to assess the frequency of use of various liver cell carcinoma treatments in Poland based on data reported by service providers to the National Health Fund in the years 2008-2012. Patients and methods: Data concerning patients with liver cell carcinoma were obtained by querying the National Health Fund databases. The data were collected from the databases using SQL tools and a filter in accordance with the accepted scope of ICD-10 diagnoses. The analysis was conducted using Excel and Statistica 10. The demographic data were collected from the Central Statistical Office’s website. Results: Data on the number of patients and the type of medical services available for patients with a diagnosis of liver cell carcinoma financed by NFZ in the years 2008-2012 are described. Conclusions: The health care system in Poland does not provide liver cell carcinoma patients with rapid access to required health care services, which decreases patient survival. Treatment of advanced stage liver cell carcinoma with Sorafenib, with public payer financing, represents a real and accessible alternative treatment option for this group of patients.
{"title":"Liver Cell Carcinoma in Poland: Data Reported to the National Health Fundin the Years 2008-2012","authors":"M. Piechota, Anna Piechota, A. Śliwczyński, M. Marczak","doi":"10.4172/2167-0889.1000183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0889.1000183","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Liver cell carcinoma includes primary malignant liver neoplasms originating from epithelial cells. Liver cell carcinoma is one of the most common cancers and is the 3rd leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. However, the epidemiology and the various available treatment options have not been sufficiently studied in Poland. The aim of the present study was to assess the frequency of use of various liver cell carcinoma treatments in Poland based on data reported by service providers to the National Health Fund in the years 2008-2012. \u0000Patients and methods: Data concerning patients with liver cell carcinoma were obtained by querying the National Health Fund databases. The data were collected from the databases using SQL tools and a filter in accordance with the accepted scope of ICD-10 diagnoses. The analysis was conducted using Excel and Statistica 10. The demographic data were collected from the Central Statistical Office’s website. \u0000Results: Data on the number of patients and the type of medical services available for patients with a diagnosis of liver cell carcinoma financed by NFZ in the years 2008-2012 are described. \u0000Conclusions: The health care system in Poland does not provide liver cell carcinoma patients with rapid access to required health care services, which decreases patient survival. Treatment of advanced stage liver cell carcinoma with Sorafenib, with public payer financing, represents a real and accessible alternative treatment option for this group of patients.","PeriodicalId":16145,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Liver","volume":"41 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76056037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-08-03DOI: 10.4172/2167-0889.S1.002
Doaa A Saleh
Material & Methods: Fifteen thousand pregnant women were evaluated using history, examination and tested for serum HbsAg using commercial enzyme immunoassay kits. For HbsAg positive women, detailed biochemical evaluation including liver function tests, ultra sonogram abdomen and complete hepatitis B profile including HbeAg, HbeAb, IgM Anti HbC and HBV DNA analysis was also done by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
{"title":"Prevalence and risk factors of HBV infection among pregnant women in urban and rural Egyptian communities","authors":"Doaa A Saleh","doi":"10.4172/2167-0889.S1.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0889.S1.002","url":null,"abstract":"Material & Methods: Fifteen thousand pregnant women were evaluated using history, examination and tested for serum HbsAg using commercial enzyme immunoassay kits. For HbsAg positive women, detailed biochemical evaluation including liver function tests, ultra sonogram abdomen and complete hepatitis B profile including HbeAg, HbeAb, IgM Anti HbC and HBV DNA analysis was also done by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).","PeriodicalId":16145,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Liver","volume":"89 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78069481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-08-03DOI: 10.4172/2167-0889.S1.003
Abdul Malik
{"title":"Ligase chain reaction as a modality for the detection of point mutation in the precore region of HBV related HCC cases from Northern India","authors":"Abdul Malik","doi":"10.4172/2167-0889.S1.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0889.S1.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16145,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Liver","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75416471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-07-20DOI: 10.4172/2167-0889.1000185
E. Silva, Helena Moreira Silva, C. Melo, H. Rocha, M. Medina, E. Martins
Background and objective: Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency presenting as neonatal cholestasis occurs in a small percentage of affected individuals. The prognosis is variable, from “healing” to liver cirrhosis and/or severe hepatocellular failure, requiring liver transplantation. We researched for predictors of outcome, including the effect of ursodeoxycholic acid. Methods: Retrospective cohort study of 27 cases of neonatal cholestasis due to alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency, in the period between 1985 and 2013. Inclusion criteria: patients with neonatal cholestasis and ZZ phenotype. Exclusion criteria: presence of other diagnosis or known risk factors for developing neonatal cholestasis. We analyzed several clinical, biochemical, histological and therapeutic variables. Patients were categorized into two groups: favorable outcome (n=18), unfavorable outcome (n=9). We also divided the patients as treated (n=16), and untreated (n=11) with ursodeoxycholic acid. Results: Splenomegaly at admission (P=0.006) and persistent jaundice at 6 months old (P=0.007) were associated with unfavorable outcome. The values of conjugated bilirubin (P=1.000), aspartate aminotransferase (P=1.000), alanine aminotransferase (P=0.371) and gamma-glutamyltransferase (P=0.667) were not significantly different in both groups of outcome. Early treatm e nt with ursodeoxycholic acid was associated with a favorable outcome (P=0.011). Treated patients did not differ significantly from the untreated-ones in biochemical parameters (conjugated bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and gamma-glutamyltransferase), and had significantly lower alpha-1-antitrypsin serum levels (P=0.015). Conclusion: Splenomegaly at admission and persistence of jaundice at 6 months old were predictive for bad prognosis, and early treatment with ursodeoxycholic acid might have interfered positively in the outcome.
{"title":"Alpha-1-Antitrypsin Deficiency Presenting as Neonatal Cholestasis: Predictors of Outcome and Effect of Ursodeoxycholic Acid","authors":"E. Silva, Helena Moreira Silva, C. Melo, H. Rocha, M. Medina, E. Martins","doi":"10.4172/2167-0889.1000185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0889.1000185","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objective: Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency presenting as neonatal cholestasis occurs in a small percentage of affected individuals. The prognosis is variable, from “healing” to liver cirrhosis and/or severe hepatocellular failure, requiring liver transplantation. We researched for predictors of outcome, including the effect of ursodeoxycholic acid. Methods: Retrospective cohort study of 27 cases of neonatal cholestasis due to alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency, in the period between 1985 and 2013. Inclusion criteria: patients with neonatal cholestasis and ZZ phenotype. Exclusion criteria: presence of other diagnosis or known risk factors for developing neonatal cholestasis. We analyzed several clinical, biochemical, histological and therapeutic variables. Patients were categorized into two groups: favorable outcome (n=18), unfavorable outcome (n=9). We also divided the patients as treated (n=16), and untreated (n=11) with ursodeoxycholic acid. Results: Splenomegaly at admission (P=0.006) and persistent jaundice at 6 months old (P=0.007) were associated with unfavorable outcome. The values of conjugated bilirubin (P=1.000), aspartate aminotransferase (P=1.000), alanine aminotransferase (P=0.371) and gamma-glutamyltransferase (P=0.667) were not significantly different in both groups of outcome. Early treatm e nt with ursodeoxycholic acid was associated with a favorable outcome (P=0.011). Treated patients did not differ significantly from the untreated-ones in biochemical parameters (conjugated bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and gamma-glutamyltransferase), and had significantly lower alpha-1-antitrypsin serum levels (P=0.015). Conclusion: Splenomegaly at admission and persistence of jaundice at 6 months old were predictive for bad prognosis, and early treatment with ursodeoxycholic acid might have interfered positively in the outcome.","PeriodicalId":16145,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Liver","volume":"8 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81877631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-07-13DOI: 10.4172/2167-0889.1000182
E. Hassan, A. A. El-Rehim, Z. Sayed, E. Kholef, Mostafa Abdullah Mohammed Hareedy, Refaat Fathi Abd El-Aal
Background: Oesophageal varices (OV) have the greatest clinical impact. Upper endoscopy is the gold standard for OV diagnosis, despite its own limitations. Non-invasive detection of OV promises to decrease the necessity of endoscopic screening. Objectives: To assess blood ammonia level, spleen longitudinal (SLD), portal vein (PVD), splenic vein (SVD) diameters, platelets count and platelets/SLD ratio to evaluate their predictive accuracy as non-invasive indicators for the presence of OV and their correlation with variceal size. Patients and methods: This was a prospective study. Sixty cirrhotic patients were screened using upper endoscopy (for the presence and size of OV) and abdominal ultrasonography (for measurement of PVD, SVD, SLD). Fasting blood ammonia level, platelets / SLD ratio were measured. Results: Blood ammonia, PVD, SVD and SLD were significantly higher in patients with OV than those without (P < 0.001 for all). Using area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), these parameters were good predictors for the presence of OV where, PVD had the highest AUC (I.00) followed by blood ammonia (AUC 0.99). Blood ammonia level correlated with variceal size (rho = 0.442, P = 0.002). Conclusion: Blood ammonia, PVD, SVD and SLD were good non-invasive predictors for OV presence with the superiority of PVD and ammonia. Blood ammonia level could be clinically useful, as it correlated with the size of OV so, pinpoint those patients requiring closer follow-up and endoscopic screening.
背景:食道静脉曲张是临床上影响最大的疾病。上颌内窥镜检查是OV诊断的金标准，尽管它有自己的局限性。无创检测OV有望减少内镜筛查的必要性。目的:评价血氨水平、脾纵静脉(SLD)、门静脉(PVD)、脾静脉(SVD)直径、血小板计数和血小板/SLD比值作为OV无创预测指标的准确性及其与静脉曲张大小的相关性。患者和方法:这是一项前瞻性研究。对60例肝硬化患者进行上内镜检查(检查OV的存在和大小)和腹部超声检查(测量PVD、SVD、SLD)。测定空腹血氨水平、血小板/ SLD比值。结果:OV患者血氨、PVD、SVD、SLD明显高于无OV患者(P均< 0.001)。使用受试者工作特征曲线下面积(AUC)，这些参数可以很好地预测OV的存在，其中PVD的AUC最高(1.00)，其次是血氨(AUC 0.99)。血氨水平与静脉曲张大小相关(rho = 0.442, P = 0.002)。结论:血氨、PVD、SVD和SLD是OV存在的良好无创预测指标，且PVD和氨具有优势。血氨水平可能在临床上有用，因为它与OV的大小相关，确定那些需要更密切随访和内镜筛查的患者。
{"title":"Non-Invasive Parameters of Oesophageal Varices Diagnosis: Which Sensitiveand Applicable; A Pilot Study","authors":"E. Hassan, A. A. El-Rehim, Z. Sayed, E. Kholef, Mostafa Abdullah Mohammed Hareedy, Refaat Fathi Abd El-Aal","doi":"10.4172/2167-0889.1000182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0889.1000182","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Oesophageal varices (OV) have the greatest clinical impact. Upper endoscopy is the gold standard for OV diagnosis, despite its own limitations. Non-invasive detection of OV promises to decrease the necessity of endoscopic screening. \u0000Objectives: To assess blood ammonia level, spleen longitudinal (SLD), portal vein (PVD), splenic vein (SVD) diameters, platelets count and platelets/SLD ratio to evaluate their predictive accuracy as non-invasive indicators for the presence of OV and their correlation with variceal size. Patients and methods: This was a prospective study. Sixty cirrhotic patients were screened using upper endoscopy (for the presence and size of OV) and abdominal ultrasonography (for measurement of PVD, SVD, SLD). Fasting blood ammonia level, platelets / SLD ratio were measured. \u0000Results: Blood ammonia, PVD, SVD and SLD were significantly higher in patients with OV than those without (P < 0.001 for all). Using area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), these parameters were good predictors for the presence of OV where, PVD had the highest AUC (I.00) followed by blood ammonia (AUC 0.99). Blood ammonia level correlated with variceal size (rho = 0.442, P = 0.002). \u0000Conclusion: Blood ammonia, PVD, SVD and SLD were good non-invasive predictors for OV presence with the superiority of PVD and ammonia. Blood ammonia level could be clinically useful, as it correlated with the size of OV so, pinpoint those patients requiring closer follow-up and endoscopic screening.","PeriodicalId":16145,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Liver","volume":"20 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88418550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-07-13DOI: 10.4172/2167-0889.1000181
M. Potkonjak, J. Miura, A. Hammad, K. Oshima, T. Gamblin
PEComas are an uncommon group of mesenchymal neoplasms that exhibit perivascular epithelioid cell differentiation. The term PEComa includes a collection of different subcategories, such as lymphangioleimyomatosis, clear cell tumor of the lung, and angiomyolipoma (AML) which is the topic of discussion in this article. The main problem concerning the diagnosis of hepatic AML is the wide non-specific imaging findings, stressing the need for a tissue diagnosis. Histological examination of a hepatic AML shows different types of tissues such as smooth muscle cells, fat cells (adipocytes), and blood vessels. The ultimate method for diagnosing an AML case is through immunohistochemical examination. AML displays positive immunoreactivity to HMB-45 and Melan- A, and negative to CAM5.2 and AE1/AE3 as well as S100 of the melanoma. The management of hepatic AML has been a matter of debate between different groups, and in this article we discuss a hepatic AML case that presented to our group and was treated with a minimally invasive surgical procedure.
{"title":"Laparoscopic Resection of Hepatic Angiomyolipoma - An Uncommon PrimaryLiver Tumor: A Case Report and Literature Review","authors":"M. Potkonjak, J. Miura, A. Hammad, K. Oshima, T. Gamblin","doi":"10.4172/2167-0889.1000181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0889.1000181","url":null,"abstract":"PEComas are an uncommon group of mesenchymal neoplasms that exhibit perivascular epithelioid cell differentiation. The term PEComa includes a collection of different subcategories, such as lymphangioleimyomatosis, clear cell tumor of the lung, and angiomyolipoma (AML) which is the topic of discussion in this article. The main problem concerning the diagnosis of hepatic AML is the wide non-specific imaging findings, stressing the need for a tissue diagnosis. Histological examination of a hepatic AML shows different types of tissues such as smooth muscle cells, fat cells (adipocytes), and blood vessels. The ultimate method for diagnosing an AML case is through immunohistochemical examination. AML displays positive immunoreactivity to HMB-45 and Melan- A, and negative to CAM5.2 and AE1/AE3 as well as S100 of the melanoma. The management of hepatic AML has been a matter of debate between different groups, and in this article we discuss a hepatic AML case that presented to our group and was treated with a minimally invasive surgical procedure.","PeriodicalId":16145,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Liver","volume":"250 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77874622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-05-08DOI: 10.4172/2167-0889.1000180
Ai-Jun Li, Teng Zhao, L. Yin, Xiaoyu Yang, Meng‐chao Wu
Background: Leiomyosarcomas of inferior vena cava (IVC) are rare tumors that mostly are proposed as a primary malignancy of the IVC. The optimal treatment is completely resects the malignant lesion with preservation of venous return. According to the treated experience of one patient in our hospital, we present our opinions as below. Methods and Results: A 61-year-old woman underwent successful surgical treatment for a leiomyosarcoma with the method of infrahepatic inferior vena cava (IVC). A large tumor that was demonstrated in the Spiegel lobe liver with IVC tumor thrombus was imagined by tomography and magnetic resonance. The tumor was found from IVC, which was performed by suprahepatic and infrahepatic IVC occlusion with Satinskys clamp in the operation. The patient underwent a combined operation which is en bloc resection of the IVC tumor and lobotomy of the left lateral section of liver. Pathological examination confirmed that is primary leiomyosarcoma of the IVC. The patient had a normal live for nearly one year and no recurrence. Conclusion: It is difficult to distinguish leiomyosarcoma from a hepatic tumor. About two thirds of these patients were confirmed as the diagnosis of leiomyosarcomas only after laparotomy. The misdiagnosis to be considered as tumor arising from segment I of the liver with IVC tumor thrombus was lead to the tumor to predominant intra-luminal growth. Radical surgical en bloc resection is the mainly treatment for IVC leiomyosarcomas. Using suprahepatic IVC and infrahepatic IVC occlusion with Satinsky clamp, surgical management of an infrahepatic IVC leiomyosarcoma is a simple vascular surgical techniques.
{"title":"Difficulty in Diagnosis of Leiomyosarcoma of Infrahepatic Inferior Vena Cava","authors":"Ai-Jun Li, Teng Zhao, L. Yin, Xiaoyu Yang, Meng‐chao Wu","doi":"10.4172/2167-0889.1000180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0889.1000180","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Leiomyosarcomas of inferior vena cava (IVC) are rare tumors that mostly are proposed as a primary malignancy of the IVC. The optimal treatment is completely resects the malignant lesion with preservation of venous return. According to the treated experience of one patient in our hospital, we present our opinions as below. \u0000Methods and Results: A 61-year-old woman underwent successful surgical treatment for a leiomyosarcoma with the method of infrahepatic inferior vena cava (IVC). A large tumor that was demonstrated in the Spiegel lobe liver with IVC tumor thrombus was imagined by tomography and magnetic resonance. The tumor was found from IVC, which was performed by suprahepatic and infrahepatic IVC occlusion with Satinskys clamp in the operation. The patient underwent a combined operation which is en bloc resection of the IVC tumor and lobotomy of the left lateral section of liver. Pathological examination confirmed that is primary leiomyosarcoma of the IVC. The patient had a normal live for nearly one year and no recurrence. \u0000Conclusion: It is difficult to distinguish leiomyosarcoma from a hepatic tumor. About two thirds of these patients were confirmed as the diagnosis of leiomyosarcomas only after laparotomy. The misdiagnosis to be considered as tumor arising from segment I of the liver with IVC tumor thrombus was lead to the tumor to predominant intra-luminal growth. Radical surgical en bloc resection is the mainly treatment for IVC leiomyosarcomas. Using suprahepatic IVC and infrahepatic IVC occlusion with Satinsky clamp, surgical management of an infrahepatic IVC leiomyosarcoma is a simple vascular surgical techniques.","PeriodicalId":16145,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Liver","volume":"43 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90157616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-04-27DOI: 10.4172/2167-0889.1000178
S. Nada, Ayah M H Gowifel, E. S. El-Denshary, A. Salama, M. Khalil, K. Ahmed
The aim of the present study was designed to evaluate the hepatoprotective and antioxidant potentials of GSE (100 and 200 mg/kg) and/or silymarin against TAA-induced liver fibrosis in rats. This study was designed to investigate the protective effect of grape seed extract (GSE) and/or silymarin against thioacetamide (TAA)-induced hepatic fibrosis in Sprague-Dawley rats. Mature male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 7 equal groups (8 rats each) and treated as follows: Group 1, kept as control group and orally given saline; groups 2-7 were injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with TAA (100 mg/Kg) twice weekly for 6 weeks to induce hepatic fibrosis. Group 2, kept as control positive; groups 3-5 were administered daily oral doses of silymarin (50 mg/kg), GSE (100 mg/kg) and GSE (200 mg/kg), respectively. While groups 6-7 were administered combined treatments of silymarin and GSE (100 mg/kg) or GSE (200 mg/kg), respectively. Our results indicated that TAA caused significant elevation of hydroxyproline (Hyp), malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) contents in liver homogenate and increased serum levels of: aminotransferases (AST and ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and total bilirubin. While, TAA-treatment alone significantly decreased serum total protein and reduced glutathione (GSH) content in liver homogenate. Administration of GSE (100 and 200 mg/kg) and/or silymarin attenuated TAA-induced hepatic fibrosis, improved enzymes and reduced the oxidative stress in dose dependant manner Histopathological study showed disruption of the hepatic architecture and collagen fibers deposition in the portal tract of TAA-injected group. Concomitant treatment with GSE (100 and 200 mg/kg) and/or silymarin significantly improved histopathological structure of liver tissue in variable degrees. In conclusion, the combined effect of GSE (200 mg/kg) with silymarin (50 mg/kg) had powerful hepatoprotective effect than any other studied doses.
{"title":"Protective Effect of Grape Seed Extract and/or Silymarin Against Thioacetamide-induced Hepatic Fibrosis in Rats","authors":"S. Nada, Ayah M H Gowifel, E. S. El-Denshary, A. Salama, M. Khalil, K. Ahmed","doi":"10.4172/2167-0889.1000178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0889.1000178","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present study was designed to evaluate the hepatoprotective and antioxidant potentials of GSE (100 and 200 mg/kg) and/or silymarin against TAA-induced liver fibrosis in rats. This study was designed to investigate the protective effect of grape seed extract (GSE) and/or silymarin against thioacetamide (TAA)-induced hepatic fibrosis in Sprague-Dawley rats. Mature male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 7 equal groups (8 rats each) and treated as follows: Group 1, kept as control group and orally given saline; groups 2-7 were injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with TAA (100 mg/Kg) twice weekly for 6 weeks to induce hepatic fibrosis. Group 2, kept as control positive; groups 3-5 were administered daily oral doses of silymarin (50 mg/kg), GSE (100 mg/kg) and GSE (200 mg/kg), respectively. While groups 6-7 were administered combined treatments of silymarin and GSE (100 mg/kg) or GSE (200 mg/kg), respectively. Our results indicated that TAA caused significant elevation of hydroxyproline (Hyp), malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) contents in liver homogenate and increased serum levels of: aminotransferases (AST and ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and total bilirubin. While, TAA-treatment alone significantly decreased serum total protein and reduced glutathione (GSH) content in liver homogenate. Administration of GSE (100 and 200 mg/kg) and/or silymarin attenuated TAA-induced hepatic fibrosis, improved enzymes and reduced the oxidative stress in dose dependant manner Histopathological study showed disruption of the hepatic architecture and collagen fibers deposition in the portal tract of TAA-injected group. Concomitant treatment with GSE (100 and 200 mg/kg) and/or silymarin significantly improved histopathological structure of liver tissue in variable degrees. In conclusion, the combined effect of GSE (200 mg/kg) with silymarin (50 mg/kg) had powerful hepatoprotective effect than any other studied doses.","PeriodicalId":16145,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Liver","volume":"55 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79433608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-04-07DOI: 10.4172/2167-0889.1000179
N. ThaoT.Nguyen, Theresa R. Harring, J. Goss, C. O'Mahony
With the advent of segmental liver allografts from liver donors, reduced-size cadaveric allografts, and split cadaveric allografts, pediatric pre-transplantation patient mortality has reduced. However, this expansion of the donor pool for size-appropriate allografts for patients with end-stage liver disease has led to an increased incidence of biliary complications. We performed a retrospective review of our series of 242 pediatric patients who received a liver transplantation. Biliary complications at our institution are presented, with a review of the current literature identifying risk factors that predispose pediatric liver transplant patients to biliary complications. We present the protocol used at our institution to minimize risk of biliary complications in our pediatric post-operative patient population.
{"title":"Biliary Reconstruction in Pediatric Liver Transplantation: A Case Report of Biliary Complications and Review of the Literature","authors":"N. ThaoT.Nguyen, Theresa R. Harring, J. Goss, C. O'Mahony","doi":"10.4172/2167-0889.1000179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0889.1000179","url":null,"abstract":"With the advent of segmental liver allografts from liver donors, reduced-size cadaveric allografts, and split cadaveric allografts, pediatric pre-transplantation patient mortality has reduced. However, this expansion of the donor pool for size-appropriate allografts for patients with end-stage liver disease has led to an increased incidence of biliary complications. We performed a retrospective review of our series of 242 pediatric patients who received a liver transplantation. Biliary complications at our institution are presented, with a review of the current literature identifying risk factors that predispose pediatric liver transplant patients to biliary complications. We present the protocol used at our institution to minimize risk of biliary complications in our pediatric post-operative patient population.","PeriodicalId":16145,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Liver","volume":"48 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77545863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-04-06DOI: 10.4172/2167-0889.1000E110
Rehan Naseemuddin, A. Singal
Alcoholic cirrhosis is the currently the 3rd most common cause for liver transplantation after hepatitis C or non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases and accounts for about 25% of all transplants in the US including HCV positive drinkers [1]. Until early 1990s alcoholic liver disease used to be considered as a contraindication for liver transplantation. This changed with report of NIH consensus workshop on cases selection of patient with alcoholic cirrhosis [2]. One of the criteria proposed in this consensus workshop was need for minimum six months of abstinence before considering liver transplantation in a patient with alcoholic cirrhosis. Rationale for six months of abstinence requirement was to allow for the liver function recovery with abstinence from the acute hepatocellular effect of alcohol intake [2]. Several studies since then have reported in select patients with alcoholic cirrhosis with outcomes to be as good as any other indication except for hepatitis C [1,3].
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