Journal of Medical Biochemistry最新文献

Background: To analyse the influence of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)-characteristic rehabilitation management on T lymphocyte subsets, inflammatory response, and stress response during the postoperative chemotherapy of lung cancer (LC).

Methods: 189 LC patients admitted to our hospital from July 2023 to June 2024 were enrolled in this research. Among them, 107 patients who did not receive TCM-characteristic rehabilitation management were regarded as the control group, while the other 82 patients who underwent such management were designated as the observation group. The levels of inflammatory factors and stress response markers before and after treatment in both groups were compared, including hypersensitive-C reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). The T lymphocyte subsets [CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, and natural killer (NK) cells] and gastrointestinal function were also detected.

Results: After the completion of treatment, it was observed that the levels of hs-CRP MDA, and the proportion of CD8+ T lymphocyte subsets in the observation group were significantly reduced compared with the control group (P< 0.05). In contrast, the activities of SOD and GSH-Px, the proportions of CD3+ and CD4+ T lymphocyte subsets, as well as the activity of NK cells in the observation group were notably higher versus the control group (P< 0.05). Moreover, the gastrointestinal function of the patients in the observation group exhibited a more favourable condition after treatment (P< 0.05).

Conclusions: TCM-characteristic rehabilitation management can effectively ameliorate inflammatory responses and stress injury in patients undergoing postoperative chemotherapy for LC and enhance their immune and gastrointestinal functions.

Background: To guide clinical doctors, current work has been designed to explore the abnormal expressions of miRNAs in plasma samples of patients with immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP).

Methods: Bioinformatic analysis was performed using the GSE80401 chip. The study subjects were recruited from the First People's Hospital of Lianyungang between May 2021 and December 2023. 48 ITP patients admitted to the intensive care unit were enrolled. miRNA levels were examined using real-time polymerase chain reaction. All data were analysed using SPSS 22.0 software. The potential diagnosis value of the significantly up-regulated and down-regulated miRNAs was evaluated using a receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve.

Results: We performed bioinformatical analysis on the GSE80401 chip and identified the differently expressed miRNAs in ITP patients compared to the controls, and the results of the heat map showed the results. GO and pathway analysis revealed the process that involved the differently expressed miRNAs. Next, the results of RT-qPCR analysis showed the levels of miR-877-3p, miR-425-3p, miR-122-5p, miR-1281, and miR-1825 were significantly increased. In contrast, the miR-3945, miR-4430, miR-3158-5p, miR-3131, and miR-4655-3p levels were markedly decreased in plasma samples of ITP patients compared with the controls. Finally, results showed that the area under the ROC curve of miRNAs was as follows: miR-877-3p, 0.9349, miR-425-3p, 0.8607, miR-1281, 0.7131, miR-1825, 0.8928, miR-3945, 0.8459, miR-4430, 0.8112, miR-3158-5p, 0.6059, miR-3131, 0.8989, suggesting that the above miRNAs may serve as biomarkers for distinguishing the ITP patients from healthy controls.

Conclusions: miRNAs may have predictive value for the diagnosis of ITP. The results of current work may provide new clues for the pathogenesis of ITP, which in turn offers a new theoretical basis and therapeutic tools for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of ITP.

Background: Adipocytokines, along with macrophages infiltrating adipose tissue, contribute to chronic low-grade inflammation, which leads to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Understanding insulin resistance in non-diabetic individuals and its cellular mechanisms is key for developing effective treatments and improving current protocols. This study aimed to investigate the levels of Retinol Binding Protein 4 (RBP4), Lipocalin-2, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) in individuals with impaired fasting glucose (IFG), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: This prospective case-control study included individuals with IFG, IGT, and newly diagnosed T2DM. Routine laboratory tests, including fasting blood glucose, insulin, HbA1c, and lipid profiles, were collected and analysed. RBP4, Lipocalin-2, and hsCRP levels were measured using the ELISA method.

Results: Significant differences were found in fasting blood glucose, insulin, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and HOMA-IR values among the study groups. hsCRP levels were significantly elevated in the IGT and T2DM groups compared to controls, while RBP4 and Lipocalin-2 levels showed no significant differences. A positive correlation was observed between hsCRP and HbA1c in the IFG group, as well as between hsCRP and Lipocalin-2 in the T2DM group.

Conclusions: This study demonstrates that hsCRP and Lipocalin-2 are associated with early glucose metabolism abnormalities and may serve as markers for insulin resistance and inflammation in prediabetes and T2DM. Future research is needed to clarify the roles of these biomarkers and their potential as therapeutic targets in diabetes prevention and treatment.

Background: Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) with concurrent brain parenchymal injury is a severe and complex condition that requires effective treatment strategies and long-term follow-ups. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of serum caspase-cleaved cytokeratin-18 (CCCK-18), neuron-specific enolase (N SE), S-100P, nerve growth factor (N GF), and CRP D-Dimer, and EPO in CVST treatment.

Methods: Ninety patients with CVST combined with parenchymal brain had undergone systemic anticoagulant therapy (SAT group) or vascular interventional therapy (VIT group) at Nanyang Second General Hospital from January 2021 to January 2024 were evaluated in this study with 45 patients in each group. Three months after discharge, mRS, NIHSS, GCS, and patients' quality of life were assessed. Peripheral blood samples were collected to measure CRP D-Dimer, EPO, and CCCK-18 level changes. The levels of serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE), S100P, and nerve growth factor (NGF) were compared before and at 3 and 7 days post-treatment. Follow-up at six months post-discharge included calculations of mortality and recanalisation rates.

Results: At 3 months post-discharge, 11.1% of VIT patients had an mRSS2, compared to 35.6% in the SAT group (P< 0.05). The VIT group also had lower NIHSS scores, higher GCS and SF-36 scores, and lower serum CRP EPO, and CCCK-8 levels (P< 0.05). NSE and S-100P levels were lower in the VIT group at 7 days post-treatment (P< 0.05), while NGF levels were higher at 3 days post-treatment (P< 0.05). Follow-up showed no significant difference in survival rates (88.9% vs 95.6%). Still, the VIT group had a lower proportion of patients with mRS>2 (20.0% vs 42.2%) and a higher complete recanalisation rate (73.3% vs 53.3%) (both P< 0.05).

Conclusions: Combined SAT with neurovascular interventional thrombectomy benefits patients with CVST and concurrent brain parenchymal injury by promoting recovery of neurological deficits and consciousness, achieving vascular recanalisation.

Background: Routine coagulation testing is critical in diagnosing hemostatic disorders and monitoring anticoagulant therapy. The SYSMEX CN-6000 and STAGO STA-R analyzers utilise different clot detection methods, which may impact test results. This study evaluates the analytical performance of these two automated coagulation analysers and examines the effects of hemolysis and lipemia on routine coagulation tests.

Methods: Blood samples were collected from patients at Gaziantep University Şahinbey Research and Application Hospital and analysed for activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), fibrinogen (FBG), and D-dimer using both analysers. Precision, method comparison, and interference studies were conducted following CLSI guidelines. Hemolysis and lipemia were induced in vitro, and their effects on test results were evaluated based on Fraser's criteria.

Results: All precision study CV values were within the acceptable limits of biological variation. APTT results exhibited a significant systematic difference between analysers (r= 0.872), whereas PT (INR), FBG, and D-dimer showed strong correlations (r> 0.945). Hemolysis had a minimal impact at lower concentrations (<1 g/L). However, at 4 g/L, PT bias increased to 2.8% for the CN-6000 and 2.0% for the STA-R, with similar increases observed in APTT and FBG. Lipemia significantly affected CN-6000, which failed to produce PT results at triglyceride levels 14 mmol/L and APTT/FBG results at 28 mmol/L. In contrast, STA-R provided results with biases below 7.3% at all lipemia levels.

Conclusions: Both analysers demonstrated strong analytical performance, though methodological differences influenced APTT measurements. Hemolysis had a minor impact within Fraser's acceptable bias limits, whereas CN-6000 exhibited performance limitations in severely lipemic samples, necessitating preanalytical lipid-reducing strategies. These findings underscore the need for expanded reference range studies and optimised laboratory workflows to enhance coagulation testing reliability.

Background: Laparoscopic appendectomy offers several advantages over open surgery, including shorter recovery time and less postoperative pain. However, it also poses some risks due to the creation of pneumoperitoneum. Understanding and mitigating this risk through the use of appropriate anaesthetic agents, antioxidant therapy, and optimised surgical techniques can improve patient outcomes. This study aimed to determine which of the two anaesthetics, propofol or sevoflurane, provides better suppression of oxidative, inflammatory and metabolic responses in children undergoing laparoscopic or conventional appendectomy.

Methods: This randomised, clinical control trial enrolled 120 children aged 7 to 17 years with a diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Key parameters, including blood glucose, white blood cells, IL-6, oxidative stress markers, lactate, pH, and mean arterial pressure, were analysed.

Results: A statistically significant change in lactate and mean arterial pressure values was observed over time in all four study groups. However, neither the type of surgical procedure nor the type of anaesthesia significantly influenced glucose, white blood cells or thiobarbituric acid levels. The postoperative values of IL-6 were lower in patients treated with balanced anaesthesia.

Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that the type of anaesthesia affects hemodynamic changes, which are closely related to the occurrence of reperfusion injury. Although markers of tissue hypoxia and acidosis were elevated during laparoscopic surgery, their values quickly normalised in the immediate postoperative period.

Background: This study evaluates the impact of recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide (Rh-BNP) combined with levosimendan on therapeutic efficacy, inflammatory markers, and nutritional status in patients with heart failure (HF).

Methods: A total of 162 heart failure patients treated between March 2022 and March 2024 were randomly assigned to three treatment groups: Group 1 received conventional therapy plus Rh-BNP Group 2 received conventional therapy plus levosimendan, and Group 3 received a combination of both Rh-BNP and levosimendan, along with nutritional support. Efficacy was assessed regarding cardiac function, renal function, inflammatory biomarkers (IL-6, TNF-a), nutritional status, and quality of life.

Results: All three treatment groups improved cardiac and renal function, reduced inflammatory markers, and enhanced nutritional status. However, the combination therapy group (Group 3) demonstrated the most significant improvements across all parameters, including a greater reduction in IL-6 and TNF-a levels and an improvement in the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) score. Additionally, the combination treatment led to marked improvements in quality of life and reduced symptoms of depression and anxiety compared to the other groups (P< 0.05).

Conclusions: Rh-BNP combined with levosimendan, alongside nutritional support, offers significant benefits in treating heart failure, enhancing cardiac function, reducing inflammation, improving nutritional status, and improving the overall quality of life for patients.

Background: To explore the efficacy of intraoperative radiotherapy combined with drug therapy on serum levels of AFP and CA19-9 for liver and pancreatic tumours to provide more effective treatment strategies for clinical practice.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 190 patients with liver and pancreatic tumours who underwent surgical resection combined with intraoperative radiotherapy in the hospital from March 2023 to September 2024. The patients were segmented into an experimental group (intraoperative radiotherapy combined with drug therapy, n = 95) and a control group (traditional treatment, n = 95) at random. After surgical resection, the experimental group accepted IORT targeted drugs, and immunomodulators. The control group received surgical resection and chemotherapy or external radiation therapy. The leading observation indicators include tumour marker levels, biochemical indicators, recurrence rate, survival rate, quality of life, postoperative complications, pain score, and psychological status.

Results: The levels of AFP and CA19-9 in the experimental group decreased by 16.2 ng/mL and 74.7 U/mL, which surpassed those in the control group (P< 0.05). After treatment, the liver function indicators of the experimental group significantly improved (ALT decreased from 32 .1± 12.5 U/L to 22.4± 10.1 U/L, P = 0.00), and renal function also improved. The recurrence and metastasis rates in the experimental group were lower (P< 0.05). Although there was no discrepancy in common adverse reactions, the experimental group had a lower incidence of adverse reactions in radiation dermatitis and infection (P< 0.05). The survival curve demonstrated that the survival rate of the experimental group was higher (P< 0.05).

Conclusions: Intraoperative radiotherapy combined with drug therapy has shown outstanding efficacy in treating liver and pancreatic tumours, effectively reducing tumour marker levels, improving liver and kidney function, reducing recurrence and metastasis rates, and improving survival rates and life quality while reducing postoperative complications and adverse reactions. This comprehensive treatment plan provides a new, effective strategy for treating liver and pancreatic tumours.

Background: To explore the Diagnostic value of serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), plasma viscosity (PV) as well as fibrinogen (FIB) in patients receiving butylphthalide and sodium chloride injection in combination with atorvastatin calcium in acute cerebral infarction patients.

Methods: Eighty ACI patients treated at our hospital between January 2022 and January 2024 were included as study participants, followed by divided into the control group (CG) and study group (SG). The CG was given atorvastatin calcium tablets. Based on the CG, the SG received a butylphthalide sodium chloride injection. The clinical efficacy, neurological impairment, daily living ability, hemorheological indicators, neurobiochemical indicators, and occurrence of adverse reactions in the two groups were compared.

Results: Compared to the CG, the SG's total effective clinical effect rate was significantly higher (P<0.05). After therapy, the NIHSS score in the SG showed a significant reduction relative to the CG, and the BI score in the SG was significantly higher relative to the CG (P<0.05). The whole blood high shear viscosity, whole blood low shear viscosity, PV, HCT, and FIB levels in the SG, were significantly reduced relative to the CG (P< 0.05). The improvements of BDNF NSE, and GFAP levels in the SG were significantly superior to the CG (P< 0.05). No significant differences in adverse reactions were observed between the two groups (P>0.05).

Conclusions: The combination of butylphthalide sodium chloride injection and atorvastatin calcium tablets significantly improved clinical outcomes in ACI patients by improving neurological function, daily living ability, cerebral hemodynamics, and neurobiochemical markers. This therapeutic regimen offers a promising approach to ACI management and warrants further clinical promotion. The novel aspect of this study lies in its comprehensive evaluation of both neurological and hemodynamic improvements, highlighting the potential synergistic benefits of this combined therapy.