Journal of Medical Biochemistry最新文献

Background: Snoring, as a common disease, may lead to various cardiovascular diseases. scholars attach importance to the relationship between snoring or sleep breathing disorders and glucose metabolism disorders. Some predictive model for predicting sleep-disordered breathing in patients with diabetes has been developed. Studies have found that blood glucose is an inevitable predictor of the outcome of coronary heart disease. It may mask other predictive factors, leading to clinical neglect of the control of other risk factors. So we developed and validated a nomogram to predict the risk of coronary heart disease in hypertensive patients who snore, excluding those with glucose metabolism disorders.

Methods: Records from 2105 snoring patients with hypertension and non-glucose metabolism disorders. A random grouping technique was utilized to split the data into validation and derivation datasets (split ratio = 0.7: 0.3). Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression was applied to select predictors and constructed a nomogram model based on multivariate Cox regression analysis. The discrimination and consistency of the nomogram were evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), calibration plots, and decision curve analysis (DCA) to assess its performance. We found age, male, waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), low and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C and HDL-C), and apnea index (AI) identified as predictors to generate this nomogram model.

Results: The C-index at 84 months was 0.703 (95% confidence interval 0.653-0.754) in the derivation set and 0.645 (95% confidence interval 0.562-0.728) in the validation set. The nomogram demonstrated good performance in the calibration curve and DCA.

Conclusions: So, our study proposed an effective nomogram model with potential application value for individualized prediction of coronary heart disease outcomes in snoring individuals with hypertension, excluding glucose metabolism disorders. And "AI" was proposed as a novel predictor.

Background: To gain insight into the role and relevance of inflammatory and immunological markers in the comprehensive assessment of a patient's immune response to surgical procedures. This study focused on investigating preoperative and postoperative serum levels dynamics of SAA, CRP and proportion of HLA-DR CD14 monocytes, CD14 monocytes, and pro-inflammatory monocytes CD16 T CD14 T in patients who underwent heart surgery using extracorporeal circulation (on-pump).

Methods: An observational, prospective study was conducted at the Heart Center of the Clinical Center of the University of Sarajevo on 53 patients divided into 3 age groups: 50-59, 60-69, and 70-80. The serum levels of CRP and SAA were quantitatively determined by immunonephelometry. At the same time, flow cytometry technology was applied to measure the proportion of CD14 monocytes, HLA-DR CD14 monocytes, and pro-inflammatory CD16 CD14 monocytes.

Results: Measured values of CRP; SAA, proportion of monocytes CD14, and proportion of pro-inflammatory monocytes CD16 CD14 are significantly increased postoperatively compared to the preoperative values (p < 0.05). The proportion of HLA-DR CD14 monocytes is lower postoperatively compared to preoperative values (p < 0.001). Furthermore, there are no significant gender differences in the preoperative or postoperative parameters (p > 0.05), with the notable exception of the preoperative proportion of CD14 monocytes (p < 0.05). The analysis of age-related differences indicates no significant changes in the observed preoperative and postoperative parameters among the defined age groups (p >0.05).

Conclusions: Early monitoring of inflammatory and immunological markers in the postoperative phase could be valuable for healthcare professionals to implement prompt interventions to mitigate negative outcomes.

Background: This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of nutritional support guided by the PDCA (Plan-Do-Check-Act) cycle management model in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients undergoing radiotherapy.

Methods: A total of 100 NPC patients between December 2021 and October 2023 were randomly assigned to two groups: an observation group (OG, n = 50) and a control group (CG, n = 50). The CG received routine nutritional support, while the OG received nutritional support based on the PDCA cycle. Key outcomes included blood nutritional biomarkers, quality of life (QoL), incidence of adverse reactions (ARs), and clinical efficacy.

Results: Post-treatment analysis showed that the OG had a significantly higher total effective rate (72%) compared to the CG (38%) (P< 0.05). The OG also showed higher albumin, prealbumin, and total protein levels and lower CRP levels after treatment. The OG significantly improved cognitive, role, social, physical, and emotional functioning (P< 0.05). The AR rate was considerably lower in the OG (20%) compared to the CG (36%) (P< 0.05).

Conclusions: These results suggest that PDCA cycle-based nutritional support enhances clinical efficacy and QoL, reduces nutritional risks and adverse reactions and improves overall safety in NPC patients undergoing radiotherapy. Serum markers like serum iron, ferritin, prealbumin, and CRP effectively monitored the impact of nutritional interventions on patients' nutritional and inflammatory status.

Background: Asthma, a global non-communicable disease, significantly impacts public health. Severe cases cause high morbidity and mortality rates, with childhood asthma rates in Iraq reaching 20%. The study investigated the expression levels of miR-223-3p and miR-223-5p genes linked to pediatric asthma and the impact of IgE, Vitamin D, and Mg+2 on asthma severity.

Methods: A study of 140 children aged 1-10 years with allergic asthma was conducted in Baghdad from November 2023 to February 2024. The patients were divided into three groups: those under 1, those aged 1-5, and those over 5. Serum IgE, Vit D3, and Mg+2 levels were determined using the Immunoglobulin E Test Kit.

Results: The results indicated a significant increase in the level of IgE in patients (353.812 ± 2 5 .679 ng/mL) compared to the control group (25.320± 2.581 ng/mL) (pvalue < 0.01, the serum level of Vit-D revealed a significant decrease in the patient group (16 .9 0 7 ± 0 .5 1 2 ng/mL) while in the control group, levels reached (32.746± 1.629 ng/mL), Mg+2 serum level decreased in patient groups (2 .1 6 8 ± 0 .0 3 0 ng/dL) compared to control group (2 .316± 0.028 ng/dL) at p-value < 0.01. also, this study shows that upregulation of gene expression in miR-223-3p and miR-223-5p genes are considered risk factors for allergic asthma.

Conclusions: The study found that asthma patients had high IgE levels, low vitamin D3 and magnesium levels, and high gene expression in miR-223-3p and miR-223-5p genes, risk factors for allergic asthma.

Background: Hemangioma is the most prevalent infantile vascular tumor. The state of inflammation and metabolism may contribute to the occurrence and development of hemangioma, but their causal relationships have not been clearly elucidated. In this study, via Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis, we aimed to investigate the causal effect of inflammatory cytokines and blood metabolites on hemangioma, and to explore the potential mediating role of metabolites.

Methods: Applying large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) dataset, we applied two-sample Mr to infer causal relationships among 91 inflammatory cytokines, 1091 blood metabolites and 309 metabolite ratios and hemangioma. In addition, a two-step Mr was used to assess the potential mediating role of metabolites. Functional enrichment was also performed to explore the biological pathways involved.

Results: 9 cytokines exhibited significant causal effects on hemangioma. Cytokines such as C-C motif chemokine 20 (CCL20), Interferon-y(IFN-y), Eotaxin and TNF-related activation-induced cytokine (TRANCE) were associated with an increased risk, while Interleukin-12 subunit beta(IL12B), C-X-C motif chemokine 11(CXCL11), Transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-a), Oncostatin-M(OSM) and Interleukin-17A (IL17A) were inversely associated. Additionally, 52 blood metabolites and metabolite-ratios were discovered to have causal effects on hemangioma. 18 metabolites and metabolite-ratios were associated with an elevated risk of hemangioma, whereas 34 metabolites and metabolite-ratios appeared to be protective factors. Mediation analysis further identified specific metabolites, such as Gamma-glutamylvaline, as mediators in cytokine-hemangioma pathways, suggesting that they might modulate cytokine-driven tumorigenesis.

Conclusions: As the first Mr study focused on hemangioma, we identified key cytokines and metabolites which might exert a causal effect on hemangioma, with several metabolites functioning as intermediators in cytokine-induced tumorigenesis process. The complex interaction between inflammation and metabolism in hemangioma was revealed, laying a foundation for future studies to explore potential targeted treatments.

Background: This research aimed to investigate the effect of different fluid therapy approaches (conventional and goal-directed fluid management) on TH1 and TH 2 cytokines (IL-2, IFN-g, TN F-a, IL-6, and IL-8, IL-10) during the perioperative period of thoracotomy in elderly patients; as previous studies have only focused on surgical outcomes of goal-directed fluid management.

Methods: Sixty elderly patients who underwent thoracotomy from January 2022 to April 2024 were divided into the control group (CG) and the observation group (OG), with 30 cases in each group. The CG received routine fluid management, while the OG received goal-directed fluid management. The postoperative recovery status, fluid intake and output, hemodynamic indexes, and TH1 and TH 2 cytokine levels were compared between both groups.

Results: The postoperative extubation time, drainage time, ICU stay and hospitalisation time in the OG were reduced than those in the CG (P<0.05). The urine volume, crystalloid volume, colloid volume and total fluid volume in the OG were reduced than in the CG (P<0.05). At 1 h after surgery (T2), the HR and MAP levels of the two groups were reduced than those before surgery (T1) (P<0.05); at the end of surgery (T3), the HR and MAP of the CG were raised than those at T1 (P<0.05); at T2, the HR and MAP levels in the OG were raised than those in the CG (P<0.05); at T3, the HR and MAP levels in the OG were reduced than those in the CG (P<0.05). 1 day after operation, the levels of IL-2, IFN-g, TN F-a, IL-6, and IL-8 were raised than those before surgery, (P< 0.05), and the levels of IL-10 was reduced than those before treatment (P<0.05).

Conclusions: Perioperative goal-directed fluid therapy for elderly patients with thoracotomy is beneficial to maintaining perioperative hemodynamic stability, improving serum levels of TH1 and TH 2 cytokines, reducing the body's inflammatory response, and facilitating early postoperative recovery. This was a novel finding that needs further investigation.

Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a common and aggressive malignancy that poses significant challenges in terms of diagnosis and prognosis. Identifying reliable biomarkers for early detection and prognostication is essential for improving patient outcomes. Ki-67, PI3K, and Fascin are potential biomarkers involved in OSCC progression, but their combined diagnostic value and clinical significance remain underexplored. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the expression levels of Ki-67, PI3K, and Fascin in OSCC tissues and investigate their associations with clinical and pathological parameters, including tumour differentiation, cervical lymph node metastasis, and TNM staging.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 35 patients diagnosed with OSCC, with tumour tissues subjected to immunohistochemical staining to assess the expression of Ki-67, PI3K, and Fascin. The association between marker expression and clinical features was evaluated, and correlations between the markers were analysed.

Results: The expression levels of Ki-67, PI3K, and Fascin were significantly higher in OSCC tissues compared to paracancerous tissues (P< 0.05). Higher expression levels of these markers were associated with well-differentiated tumours and cervical lymph node metastasis (P< 0.05). However, no significant differences were found between early and advanced tumour stages (P> 0.05). Strong positive correlations were observed between Ki-67, PI3K, and Fascin expression, indicating potential shared molecular pathways involved in OSCC progression.

Conclusions: Ki-67, PI3K, and Fascin are promising biomarkers for diagnosing and predicting the prognosis of OSCC. Their combined assessment could aid in early detection, identification of high-risk patients, and determination of appropriate treatment strategies. Further research is needed to fully understand the molecular mechanisms underlying their role in OSCC progression and to assess their clinical utility in patient management.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the causal relationship between plasma lipid levels-total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TGs), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)and the risk of squamous cervical cancer (SCC) using Mendelian Randomization (MR).

Methods: Genome-wide association study (GWAS) data for plasma lipid traits were obtained from the Global Lipids Genetics Consortium (GLGC), and SCC outcome data were sourced from the FinnGen consortium. The primary analysis was conducted using the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method, supported by Mr-Egger regression, weighted median, and weighted mode approaches. Sensitivity analyses were performed to assess the robustness of the results, and the Steiger test was used to evaluate the directionality of the associations.

Results: The IVW analysis revealed that higher plasma levels of TC (OR: 1.777; 95% CI: 1.118-2.825; p = 0.015) and LDL-C (OR: 1.674; 95% CI: 1.013-2.767; p = 0.044) were associated with an increased risk of SCC. No significant associations were found between TGs (OR: 0.644; 95% CI: 0.343-1.212; p = 0.173) or HDL-C (OR: 1.050; 95% CI: 0.616-1.790; p = 0.857) and SCC.

Conclusions: This study provides evidence of a causal relationship between elevated plasma TC and LDL-C levels and a higher risk of SCC, highlighting a novel aspect of SCC etiology. These findings may inform further functional and clinical research in the progression of SCC.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of transcatheter arterial chemoembolisation (TACE) alone and in combination with microwave ablation (MWA) for patients with middle- or advanced-stage primary liver cancer (PLC) and analyse the causes of complications.

Methods: A total of 100 patients with middle or advancedstage PLC were divided into two groups: the TACE group (TACEG, n = 50), which received TACE alone, and the combination group (CG, n = 50), which underwent TACE combined with MWA. Clinical parameters were evaluated before and after treatment, including the quality of life (QoL) assessed by the SF-36 score, serum liver function indices, treatment response, 1-year overall survival (OS) rate, and complication rates.

Results: Compared to the TACEG, the CG demonstrated significantly higher SF-36 scores, objective response rate (ORR) (32% vs 50%), disease control rate (Dc R) (82% vs 90%), and 1-year OS (60% vs 84%), while exhibiting a lower 1-year complication rate (34% vs 16%). Additionally, post-treatment levels of cholyglycine (CG) and prealbumin (PAB) were significantly higher in the CG, whereas total bilirubin (TBil), direct bilirubin (DBil), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) were significantly lower (all P< 0.05).

Conclusions: TACE combined with MWA is an effective and safe treatment for middle or advanced PLC, significantly improving liver function and postoperative survival rates.

Background: The study aimed to explore the value of using noninvasive prenatal tests (NIPT) in the second trimester of pregnancy for chromosomal abnormality screening in vitro fertilisation (IVF) in elderly pregnant women and to analyse the reasons for inconsistent screening results in northwest China.

Methods: A total of 47,286 pregnant women aged 19-51 who underwent prenatal examinations were collected. NIPT detection found that the positive rate of pregnant women aged > 35 with spontaneous pregnancy was 0.78% , and the positive rate of IVF pregnancy was 0.82%. Then, the detection accuracy of NIPT for pregnant women aged >35 with IVF was further analysed.

Results: NIPT's sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value in detecting common chromosomal aneuploidies (T21, T18, and T13) in pregnant women aged >35 who received IVF were 99.72% , 99.78% , and 66.45% , respectively. The mean gestational age, pregnancy number, AFP, and free b-HCG significantly differed between the positive and false positive groups (P < 0.05). Logistic analysis showed that the mean gestational age and AFP were independent risk factors for the failure of NIPT diagnosis (P < 0.05).

Conclusions: NIPT has a particular detection performance for common chromosomal aneuploidies IVF in pregnant women. However, factors affecting detection accuracies must be considered when using it.