Journal of Medical Biochemistry最新文献

Background: As previously reported, the measurement of ethanol can also be affected by interference from hemolysis. This is a matter of concern since ethanol is widely regarded as the most commonly abused substance globally. When sample re-collection is ordered to eliminate hemolysis effects for ethanol testing, this can have unfavourable consequences for these patients. Rapid detection of hemolysed specimens would alleviate some issues associated with forensic samples. This study aimed to assess the qualitative analytical performance of a novel point-of-care testing device per the guidelines specified in CLSI-EP-12A document. HemCheck™ is a novel POCT device that qualitatively detects free-hemoglobin levels on the specimen shortly after drawing the sample.

Methods: The system consists of two components. One is a cartridge with a needle that is used to transfer a small volume of whole blood from a vacuum tube to vertical and lateral flow filtration. The second component is the reader. The consumable cartridges are designed to be inserted into the reader without requiring the syringe or blood collection tube removal. A red indicator led illuminates, indicating that the sample has been hemolysed. To assess the imprecision of the method, we determined the C5-C95 interval and C50, using the Roche Cobas clinical chemistry analyser as the comparator. For this study, we utilised residual samples.

Background: Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels play an important role in diagnosing, screening, and monitoring the treatment of diabetes. Our study aims to determine whether a relationship exists between HbA1c levels and age and gender in Turkish adults who have not been diagnosed with diabetes.

Methods: This retrospective study included 6776 Turkish adults with no known diabetes. Cross-sectional analyses of A1C levels were performed between different age and gender categories. In statistical analysis, t-test, linear regression analysis, one-way ANOVA analysis, and LSD post hoc were used.

Results: HbA1c levels in the individuals examined by dividing into different age groups increased with age in all groups. In our study, HbA1c levels were significantly higher in males than females (p<0.001) in all groups, especially between the ages of 30-49, and were positively associated with age for males and females. There was a positive correlation between HbA1c and age in both mans and women aged 30-49 (P<0.05). In the HbA1c 6.5% group newly diagnosed with diabetes, HbA1c levels gradually decreased with age in both genders, and no significant effect of age on HbA1c level was detected (p>0.05).

Conclusions: Our results showed that it is important to evaluate the effects of age and gender when using HbA1c levels in the diagnosis, screening, and treatment of diabetes, especially in young and middle-aged populations. Applying this situation to daily practice may reduce the misdiagnosis of diabetes in elderly patients, overtreatment of diabetes, and its associated risks.

Background: Cardiac myosin-binding protein C (cMyC) is a novel cardio-specific biomarker of potential diagnostic and prognostic value for cardiovascular events. This study aims to determine reference values for cMyC and identify biological determinants of its concentration.

Methods: A population of 488 presumably healthy adults were enrolled to define biological determinants which affect cMyC concentrations in serum. Concentrations of cMyC were assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays from commercially available kits. Eligibility for inclusion in this study evaluated all subjects' anthropometric, demographic and laboratory measurements. After applying strict inclusion criteria, a reference population (n=150) was defined and used to determine reference values. Reference values were derived using a robust method.

Background: To explore the difference and diagnostic value evaluation of serum tumor markers in different clinical stages of elderly non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.

Methods: Select 100 elderly NSCLC patients admitted to our hospital from June 2018 to June 2021, collect the general data, pathology data and imaging data of the patients, and the patients were divided into I-IV clinical stages according to the International Union Against Cancer (UICC) 8th edition lung cancer TNM staging standard. Detect the subjects' peripheral serum tumor markers, serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cytokeratin fragment 21-1 (CYFRA21-1), squamous cell carcinoma-associated antigen (SCCA), carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) and sugar Class antigen 199 (CA199). Compare the differences of serum CEA, CYFRA21-1, SCCA, CA125, CA199 levels in different clinical stages of elderly NSCLC patients, and the diagnostic value of the above indicators for elderly NSCLC patients was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve) and area under the curve (AUC).

Tuberculous pleuritis (TP) is one of the most common extra-pulmonary tuberculosis form. Because of tuberculous pleurisy is hard to diagnose due to slow course of disease and lack of specificity in symptoms and diagnostic methods. In that reason, we need multidisciplinary approach and efficient biomarkers. Acid-fast bacilli (AFB) staining, cultures and pathophysiological biopsy finding from the majority of patients are positive only in less than 10%. Löwenstein culture results need time about 6-8 weeks what delays diagnosis. Adenosine deaminase (ADA) is biomarker with high sensitivity and specificity (more than 90%) and considered as gold standard of biomarkers in the diagnosis of TP. It is very hard to distinguish malignant from TP with lymphocyte predomination, but in patient with malignant pleural effusion the level of ADA is decreased, opposite from TP. ADA in pleural punctate is a fast, simple, efficient and economical way for clarification the etiology of the pleural effusion as tuberculous pleurisy. Also, many studies have proved the role of ADA in the response to treatment for tuberculosis at follow up period.

Background: This study aims to explore whether serum miR-185-5p levels are related to the injury severity and prognosis of traumatic brain injury patients.

Methods: Serum miR-185-5p level was quantified in 120 TBI patients. The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) was used to grade the damage, and the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) was used to evaluate the prognosis 3 months after TBI. Pearson correlation analysis was performed to determine the relationship between serum miR-185-5p level and injury severity and prognosis, and the value of serum miR-185-5p level to assess injury severity and prognosis was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.

Results: Serum miR-185-5p level in moderate and severe TBI patients was higher than in mild TBI patients, and serum miR-185-5p was closely related to GCS score and GOS score. Serum miR-185-5p level higher than 0.36 could distinguish patients with mild to moderate TBI injury, with 72.97% sensitivity and 97.62% specificity, while that higher than 0.43 had 46.34% sensitivity and 91.89% specificity to distinguish moderate to severe TBI patients. Moreover, serum miR-185-5p levels higher than 0.36, with a sensitivity of 96.30% and a specificity of 60.24%, distinguished the poor prognosis of TBI patients. Serum miR185-5p level was an independent predictor of poor prognosis in TBI patients after 3 months and was effective in discriminating adverse outcomes at 3 months.

Conclusions: Serum miR-185-5p level was significantly correlated with 3-month injury and adverse prognosis in TBI patients, suggesting that serum miR-185-5p level may be a biomarker that provides supplementary prognostic information and can be used to identify the risk of adverse prognosis in TBI patients.

Background: To investigate the expression levels of blood biomarkers interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumour necrosis factor (TNF-a), and intestinal fatty acid binding protein (iFABP) in patients with post-stroke depression (PSD), and their correlation with PSD occurrence.

Methods: Clinical data of stroke patients admitted to the First People's Hospital of Wenling from December 2017 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were classified into two groups based on their Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) scores: PSD and nonPSD groups. The blood levels of IL-6, TNF-a, and iFABP were compared between the two groups, and their association with PSD occurrence was analyzed.

Results: The PSD group had significantly higher levels of IL-6, TNF-a, and iFABP. The combined detection of these biomarkers demonstrated a greater predictive value for PSD occurrence compared to the individual detection of each biomarker.

Conclusions: The study indicates that the levels of IL-6, TNF-a, and iFABP in the blood are significantly increased in patients with PSD. The combined detection of these biomarkers can effectively predict the occurrence of PSD, indicating high clinical value.

Background: Recent literature data highlights metabolic changes in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). To explore possible early metabolic changes, we aimed to analyse the fatty acids (FA) composition of erythrocytes in newly diagnosed als patients and to see whether fatty acid levels correlate with the ALSFRS-R score or disease duration.

Methods: The severity of motor function involvement was assessed by the ALSFRS-R scale at the initial evaluation. The fatty acid profile of erythrocyte membranes was analysed by gas-liquid chromatography. The study comprised 26 clinically diagnosed als patients, with mean ALSFRS-R 38±8. The control group included 26 healthy volunteers.

Background: Homocysteine (Hcy) are associated with many age-related diseases. Heterogeneous physiology with aging combined with unresolved assays standardization necessitates the establishment of specific Hcy reference intervals (RIs) applicable to the elderly. This retrospective study aimed to identify Hcy RIs in the elderly aged 60 years and older from a hospital in Jiangsu Province, China.

Methods: Data from individuals undergoing routine physical examinations were collected. Hcy were measured on Hitachi 7600 analyzer using hydrolase-based enzymatic cycling method. Outliers were identified by Dixon methods. Age- and gender-specific differences were estimated by nonparametric tests. Factors affected Hcy were assessed using multivariate linear regression. RIs with 90% confidence intervals were determined by nonparametric method.

Results: A total of 2594 individuals were included. Hcy levels increased with age (r=0.248, p<0.001). Males have consistently higher Hcy levels (median (interquartile range): 11.95 (8.89-15.30) mmol/L) than females (9.65 (7.05-12.69) mmol/L; p<0.001). Multivariate adjustment analysis showed correlations between Hcy and gender (b=0.188, p<0.001), age (b=0.427, p<0.001) were significant. The Hcy RIs were 5.10-25.46 mmol/L for males, and 4.14-18.91 mmol/L for females, respectively.

Conclusions: This study identified ageand gender-specific Hcy RIs in the elderly, which may guide clinicians in interpreting laboratory findings and clinical management.