Journal of Medical Biochemistry最新文献

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the role of D-dimer (DD) and prothrombin fragment 1+2 (PF1+2) in assessing the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in advanced cancer patients, as well as the impact of preventive anticoagulant therapy.

Methods: A total of 137 advanced cancer patients admitted to the 908th Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army Joint Logistic Support Force Hospital between February 2023 and June 2024 were included. Patients were divided into two groups based on the presence (VTE group, n=49) or absence (non-VTE group, n=88) of VTE. Blood tests were performed at admission, and the relationship between DD, PF1+2, and VTE risk was analysed. Patients without VTE were further categorised into two treatment groups: the preventive anticoagulant treatment group (AG, n=48) and the conventional treatment group (RT, n=40), based on their preference. The incidence of VTE in both groups was compared to assess the effectiveness of preventive anticoagulant therapy.

Results: Before chemotherapy, DD levels were significantly higher in patients who developed VTE than those who did not. Both DD and PF1+2 were found to be independent risk factors for VTE after chemotherapy. The incidence of VTE was lower in the AG group than in the RT group, with a statistically significant difference.

Conclusions: DD and PF1+2 are reliable indicators for assessing VTE risk in advanced cancer patients and can help guide the use of preventive anticoagulant therapy.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the most common respiratory diseases worldwide, with an increasing incidence in recent years. In this study, we analysed the relationship between interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-10 and COPD to provide a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment in the future.

Methods: A randomised controlled trial was conducted on 56 COPD patients and 56 concurrent healthy volunteers who visited our hospital from March 2022 to December 2022. Among them, COPD patients served as the research group, and healthy volunteers served as the control group. To compare the IL-8 and IL-10 of the two groups and to analyse the relationship between IL-8, IL-10 and lung function, nutrient proteins, clinical efficacy and prognosis of the research group.

Results: IL-8 was higher in the study group than in the control group and was negatively correlated with lung function indices and nutrient proteins (P<0.05). IL-10 in the research group was lower than in the control group, and there was a positive correlation with lung function indexes and nutritional proteins (P<0.05). After treatment, IL-8 was lower, and IL-10 was higher in the research group (P<0.05). In addition, IL-8 and IL-10 in the research group demonstrated excellent assessment of COPD occurrence, sleep disturbance, and prognostic recurrence.

Conclusions: IL-8 and IL-10 not only directly participate in the occurrence of COPD by affecting the human immune microcirculation but also accelerate the progression of COPD by causing malnutrition.

Background: Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) is a significant cause of maternal and neonatal complications, often linked to vascular dysfunction and inflammatory responses. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of magnesium sulfate (MS) combined with personalised dietary guidance on hemodynamic parameters and inflammatory cytokine profiles in PIH patients.

Methods: A total of 108 PIH patients were randomly assigned to two groups: a research group (MS and dietary guidance) and a control group (dietary guidance only). Hemodynamic parameters, including systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP), plasma viscosity (PV), and erythrocyte aggregation index (EI), were measured, along with inflammatory cytokines [Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Interleukin-10 (IL-10), and Interleukin-1b (IL-1b)], before and after treatment.

Results: The research group, which received both MS and dietary guidance, showed significant reductions in SBP, DBP, PV, and EI compared to the control group. Additionally, inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-1b were significantly reduced in the research group, indicating an improvement in the inflammatory response. While IL-10 levels decreased in both groups, this change was not statistically significant.

Conclusions: Combining magnesium sulfate and personalised dietary guidance effectively improves hemodynamic stability and reduces inflammatory markers in PIH patients.

Background: This study investigates the effects of subcutaneous injection of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) sodium on preventing miscarriage in patients with adverse pregnancy and delivery. Specifically, it evaluates changes in serum estradiol (E2), progesterone (P), and human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), as well as D-dimer (D-D) and fibrinogen (FIB) levels following treatment.

Methods: A total of 82 patients with adverse pregnancy admitted to Wuhai Maternal and Child Health Hospital from April to December 2024 were randomly assigned to either the control group (CG, n=41) receiving dydroges-terone therapy or the observation group (OG, n=41), which received LMWH sodium in addition to dydroges-terone. The study assessed changes in sex hormone levels, pre-thrombotic state (PTS) indices, thromboelastogram (TEG) parameters, and overall treatment outcomes before and after treatment.

Results: Following treatment, E2, P, and HCG levels were significantly higher in the OG compared to the CG (P<0.05). Additionally, coagulation markers such as activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), thrombin time (TT), and plasminogen (PLG) were significantly elevated in the OG, while FIB and D-D levels were lower compared to the CG (P<0.05). TEG analysis showed that the OG exhibited higher R and K values, whereas MA, Angle, and CI values were lower than in the CG (P<0.05). The total response rate in the OG (95.12%) was significantly higher than in the CG (75.61%) (P<0.05). Additionally, the OG had lower rates of neonatal malformation, low birth weight, and mortality compared to the CG, with significant differences in malformation and low birth weight rates (P<0.05).

Conclusions: Subcutaneous injection of LMWH sodium effectively improves sex hormone levels, reduces the risk of PTS, and enhances pregnancy outcomes in patients with adverse pregnancy and delivery. The therapy also improves coagulation and fibrinolytic markers, leading to better maternal and neonatal outcomes.

Background: The study aimed to investigate the effect of anti-inflammatory and choleretic soup on CRP, Ep, Cor, NE, and gallbladder function recovery in patients following laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Methods: A total of 111 patients with gallstones who underwent laparoscopic surgery at the hospital between November 2019 and March 2024 were selected. All patients were randomly assigned to two groups using a random number method. The control group (n=56) received extracorporeal circulation treatment alone, while the experimental group (n=55) received additional treatment with anti-inflammatory bile soup. Differences in the levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), epinephrine (Ep), cortisol (Cor), and norepinephrine (NE) were compared and analysed between the two groups. The effects on gallbladder function recovery were also evaluated.

Results: Three months post-treatment, the levels of CRP, Ep, Cor, and NE in both groups had decreased compared to pre-treatment levels. Post-treatment levels of these indices were significantly lower in the experimental group than in the control group (P<0.05). Furthermore, the gallbladder wall thickness and fasting gallbladder volume (FV) in both groups were reduced compared to pre-treatment levels, while the gallbladder contraction rate improved. The experimental group exhibited better gallbladder function outcomes across various indices than the control group (P<0.05).

Conclusions: The application of anti-inflammatory and choleretic soup in patients following laparoscopic cholecystectomy contributes to improvements in physiological parameters, enhances the recovery of gallbladder functional indices, and improves the quality of life during prognosis and rehabilitation.

Background: Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) is a common cause of community-acquired pneumonia in children, with pleural effusion (PE) as a recognised but challenging complication. Identifying reliable biomarkers to predict PE in MPP is crucial for timely intervention. This study aims to evaluate the prognostic value of serum C-reactive protein (CRP), Immunoglobulin M (IgM), and Immunoglobulin A (IgA) levels in children with MPP and PE.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 200 pediatric patients diagnosed with MPP between January 2021 and December 2023. Patients were divided into two groups: MPP with PE (n=100) and MPP without PE (n=100). Serum CRP , IgM, and IgA levels were measured, and their associations with PE were analysed using logistic regression models.

Results: The MPP with PE group had significantly higher CRP (30.22±24.01 mg/L vs 9.90±7.01 mg/L, P<0.001) and IgM (167.39±85.68 mg/dL vs 130.48±77.65 mg/dL, P=0.002) levels compared to the MPP without PE group. In contrast, IgA levels were significantly lower in the PE group (164.50±87.22 mg/dL vs. 195.51±79.93 mg/dL, P=0.009). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that elevated CRP (OR=1.255, 95% CI: 1.132-1.391, P<0.001) and IgM (OR=1.795, 95% CI: 1.777-4.867, P=0.001) were independent risk factors for PE, while higher IgA levels were protective (OR=0.281, 95% CI: 0.131-0.602, P=0.001).

Conclusions: Serum CRP and IgM levels are potential predictors of pleural effusion in children with MPP , while elevated IgA levels may indicate a lower risk. These biomarkers could aid in early risk stratification and guide clinical management to improve outcomes.

Background: This study aimed to analyze the expressions of CD184 and CD269 in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM) in China and explored their potential association with prognosis.

Methods: This retrospective study recruited 100 patients with MM and 113 healthy controls who attended Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Shijingshan District between June 2020 and December 2023. The association between CD184 and CD269 expression and patient survival outcomes was assessed using univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analyses, alongside Kaplan-Meier survival curves.

Results: Both CD184 and CD269 mRNA were elevated in MM patients compared to controls (P<0.05). By qualitative analysis, it was seen that both CD184+ and CD269 patients had a reduced prognostic overall survival (OS) (P<0.05). Similarly, detection of CD184 and CD269 expression was effective in predicting prognostic mortality in patients.

Conclusions: CD184 and CD269 may serve as valuable prognostic markers in MM patients.

Background: Hyperbaric oxygen therapy is an important treatment method for early consciousness recovery and rehabilitation after brain trauma. In this study, we investigated the effects of hyperbaric oxygen combined with probiotics nutritional supplements (PNS) on patients with severe craniocerebral injury complicated with swallowing disorders in the Intensive care unit.

Methods: Seventy-four patients with severe craniocerebral injury who received hyperbaric oxygen therapy in the ICU of our hospital from July 2020 to October 2023 were selected for retrospective analysis. Among them, 35 received conventional NS (control groups), and another 39 received PNS (research group). Inflammatory factors, T-lymphocyte subsets, and gastrointestinal mucosal function were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. In addition, patients' neurological function was assessed using the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), the Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), and the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). Finally, the incidence of adverse effects between the two groups was counted.

Background: Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, with immune dysregulation contributing to its progression. Elevated homocysteine (Hcy) levels are implicated in altering immune responses and increasing stroke severity. This study aimed to investigate the biochemical role of serum homocysteine in modulating immune responses, particularly cytokine profiles, and its association with post-stroke infections in patients with acute ischemic stroke.

Methods: A cohort of 106 patients with acute ischemic stroke was divided into Low-, Medium-, and High-Hcy groups. Serum levels of cytokines (IL-6, IL-4, IFN-g, IL-10) and immune modulation markers (e.g., IFN-g/IL-4 ratio) were quantified. The presence of stroke-associated infections (SAI) was recorded, and its relationship with immune parameters was analyzed.

Results: The High-Hcy group showed significantly higher serum levels of IL-6, IFN-g, and IL-10 compared to the Low-Hcy group (P < 0.05), suggesting a pro-inflammatory bias. In patients with SAI, IL-4 levels were notably elevated, and the IFN-g/IL-4 ratio indicated an immune suppressive trend. Although stroke severity was similar across groups, those with heightened immune dysregulation were more prone to infections.

Conclusions: Elevated homocysteine levels induce a shift in immune responses, emphasizing the dual role of cytokines in stroke pathophysiology. Targeting these biochemical pathways may present novel therapeutic strategies to mitigate stroke complications.

Background: Sintilimab, a PD-1 inhibitor, has emerged as a promising immunotherapeutic agent in gastric cancer. However, its impact on laboratory-based biochemical markers and immune indicators remains underexplored. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the changes in tumor biomarkers and T lymphocyte subsets, alongside clinical outcomes, in patients receiving sintilimab.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search of randomized controlled trials (2022-2025) was conducted across CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, and PubMed databases. Primary outcomes included serum tumor markers (CEA, CA199, CA242) and immune parameters (CD4+, CD8+ T-cell subsets). Secondary outcomes were ORR, DCR, OS, PFS, and adverse reactions. RevMan 5.2 was used for meta-analysis.

Results: Sixteen studies were included. Sintilimab treatment significantly reduced CEA, CA199, and CA242 levels (P < 0.0001), and favorably modulated immune subsets by increasing CD4+ and decreasing CD8+ cell counts. These biochemical and immunological improvements correlated with higher ORR, DCR, and OS, without increased adverse events (P > 0.05).

Conclusions: Sintilimab confers measurable improvements in key laboratory-based tumor and immune biomarkers, supporting its utility in clinical biochemical monitoring and immunotherapy response evaluation for gastric cancer patients. These findings align with the emerging integration of immunotherapy and biochemical diagnostics in oncology.