This paper presents an inquiry into the origins of some painted portrait images of James I and James II of Scotland which are first attested in the late 16th century. That the likenesses are not authentic is shown by comparisons with images of the two kings which have a demonstrable claim to authenticity, and by a consideration of the costumes depicted: the latter were evidently derived from sources which, although of 15th-century date, were too late in the century to have been authentic for these particular rulers. On the evidence of the sets of portraits to which these paintings belong, one in Edinburgh and another in Munich, it is suggested that the faces of James I and II were based on those of the (authentic) images of James III and IV respectively.
{"title":"Portraits of James I and James II, kings of Scots","authors":"Frederick Hepburn","doi":"10.9750/psas.148.1260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9750/psas.148.1260","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an inquiry into the origins of some painted portrait images of James I and James II of Scotland which are first attested in the late 16th century. That the likenesses are not authentic is shown by comparisons with images of the two kings which have a demonstrable claim to authenticity, and by a consideration of the costumes depicted: the latter were evidently derived from sources which, although of 15th-century date, were too late in the century to have been authentic for these particular rulers. On the evidence of the sets of portraits to which these paintings belong, one in Edinburgh and another in Munich, it is suggested that the faces of James I and II were based on those of the (authentic) images of James III and IV respectively.","PeriodicalId":161764,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129521311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The site of All Hallows Church in Inchinnan, Renfrewshire, had its foundations in the early medieval period, an interpretation supported by the identification of four carved stones from the site that date between the 9th and 11th centuries ad. Thanks to a recent community project ‘597 ad St Conval to All Hallows: 1420 Years and Counting’, led by Heather James of Calluna Archaeology and the members of the Inchinnan Historical Interest Group with Spectrum Heritage, a fifth carved stone has been discovered. Inspection of the photogrammetric three-dimensional models and the Reflectance Transformation Imaging (RTI) files of the late medieval recumbent monuments at the site, produced by Spectrum Heritage, revealed that one worn specimen was originally an early medieval recumbent cross slab conforming to the ‘Govan School’ of carving. After identifying the remnants of carving and applying a novel digital analysis technique, it was possible to recover and identify many of the worn decorative motifs from Inchinnan 5. This reconstruction allows for Inchinnan 5 to be compared with other stones from the Govan School, especially those found at Govan and St Blane’s, Bute.
{"title":"Inchinnan 5","authors":"Megan Kasten","doi":"10.9750/psas.148.1269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9750/psas.148.1269","url":null,"abstract":"The site of All Hallows Church in Inchinnan, Renfrewshire, had its foundations in the early medieval period, an interpretation supported by the identification of four carved stones from the site that date between the 9th and 11th centuries ad. Thanks to a recent community project ‘597 ad St Conval to All Hallows: 1420 Years and Counting’, led by Heather James of Calluna Archaeology and the members of the Inchinnan Historical Interest Group with Spectrum Heritage, a fifth carved stone has been discovered. Inspection of the photogrammetric three-dimensional models and the Reflectance Transformation Imaging (RTI) files of the late medieval recumbent monuments at the site, produced by Spectrum Heritage, revealed that one worn specimen was originally an early medieval recumbent cross slab conforming to the ‘Govan School’ of carving. After identifying the remnants of carving and applying a novel digital analysis technique, it was possible to recover and identify many of the worn decorative motifs from Inchinnan 5. This reconstruction allows for Inchinnan 5 to be compared with other stones from the Govan School, especially those found at Govan and St Blane’s, Bute.","PeriodicalId":161764,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114137658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Graham‐Campbell, I. Henderson, A. Ritchie, I. Scott
The identification and dating of a supposed Norse grave slab of 10th-/11th-century date from Jarlshof, Shetland, consisting of two decorated fragments picked up on the beach beside this multi-period settlement site in the 1930s, are rejected by the authors of this paper in favour of a Pictish attribution, a late 6th- or early 7th-century date, and a probable architectural function. On the basis of a detailed examination of the two fragments of the so-called 'Jarlshof Serpent' (front and back), alternative reconstructions of the incised motifs are considered, leading to the conclusion that they probably represent a hybrid in the form of a horse-headed serpentine creature with the body conventionally decorated in the manner of the Pictish salmon symbol. The use of such hybrid symbols by the Picts, as well as the growing evidence for their erection of symbol stones in association with structures, are discussed. The paper ends with a brief consideration of the implications of this reattribution for the traditional 'minimalist' interpretation of the Pictish settlement-phase at Jarlshof.
{"title":"A Pictish ‘serpent’ incised slab from Jarlshof, Shetland","authors":"J. Graham‐Campbell, I. Henderson, A. Ritchie, I. Scott","doi":"10.9750/psas.148.1273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9750/psas.148.1273","url":null,"abstract":"The identification and dating of a supposed Norse grave slab of 10th-/11th-century date from Jarlshof, Shetland, consisting of two decorated fragments picked up on the beach beside this multi-period settlement site in the 1930s, are rejected by the authors of this paper in favour of a Pictish attribution, a late 6th- or early 7th-century date, and a probable architectural function. On the basis of a detailed examination of the two fragments of the so-called 'Jarlshof Serpent' (front and back), alternative reconstructions of the incised motifs are considered, leading to the conclusion that they probably represent a hybrid in the form of a horse-headed serpentine creature with the body conventionally decorated in the manner of the Pictish salmon symbol. The use of such hybrid symbols by the Picts, as well as the growing evidence for their erection of symbol stones in association with structures, are discussed. The paper ends with a brief consideration of the implications of this reattribution for the traditional 'minimalist' interpretation of the Pictish settlement-phase at Jarlshof.","PeriodicalId":161764,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland","volume":"227 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134581796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Richard W. Moore, Claire Lingard, Melanie Johnson, A. Clarke, M. Hastie, M. Cressey, G. Cruikshanks, D. Hamilton
Archaeological monitoring of works on a gas pipeline route in Aberdeenshire, north-west of Inverurie, resulted in the discovery and excavation of several groups of Neolithic pits and four Bronze Age roundhouses. The Neolithic pits were concentrated around the Shevock Burn, a small tributary of the Ury, and in the East and North Lediken areas to the north. They produced significant assemblages of Early Neolithic Impressed Ware and of Modified Carinated Bowl. The Bronze Age roundhouses included the heavily truncated remains of a post-built structure near Pitmachie, the remains of a pair of ring ditch structures near Little Lediken Farm, and another ring ditch structure close to Wrangham village.
{"title":"Neolithic pits and Late Bronze Age roundhouses in the Upper Ury Valley, Aberdeenshire","authors":"Richard W. Moore, Claire Lingard, Melanie Johnson, A. Clarke, M. Hastie, M. Cressey, G. Cruikshanks, D. Hamilton","doi":"10.9750/psas.148.1267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9750/psas.148.1267","url":null,"abstract":"Archaeological monitoring of works on a gas pipeline route in Aberdeenshire, north-west of Inverurie, resulted in the discovery and excavation of several groups of Neolithic pits and four Bronze Age roundhouses. The Neolithic pits were concentrated around the Shevock Burn, a small tributary of the Ury, and in the East and North Lediken areas to the north. They produced significant assemblages of Early Neolithic Impressed Ware and of Modified Carinated Bowl. The Bronze Age roundhouses included the heavily truncated remains of a post-built structure near Pitmachie, the remains of a pair of ring ditch structures near Little Lediken Farm, and another ring ditch structure close to Wrangham village.","PeriodicalId":161764,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124447387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In 1999, the late Professor Charles Thomas donated a Middle Bronze Age spearhead to the National Museum collection. This spearhead came with a label indicating that it was part of the pennant taken into the Battle of Flodden by Robert Chisholme in 1513. This paper investigates the likelihood that such a claimed association could have any basis in truth, as well as briefly contributing some thoughts on the discovery of already ancient objects in the past.
{"title":"‘The Spearhead of the Pennon …’","authors":"M. G. Knight, T. Cowie","doi":"10.9750/psas.148.1266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9750/psas.148.1266","url":null,"abstract":"In 1999, the late Professor Charles Thomas donated a Middle Bronze Age spearhead to the National Museum collection. This spearhead came with a label indicating that it was part of the pennant taken into the Battle of Flodden by Robert Chisholme in 1513. This paper investigates the likelihood that such a claimed association could have any basis in truth, as well as briefly contributing some thoughts on the discovery of already ancient objects in the past.","PeriodicalId":161764,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130748769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Obituary","authors":"D. Murrray, Ian Ralston","doi":"10.9750/psas.148.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9750/psas.148.0003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":161764,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127032543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The First World War poet, 2nd Lieutenant Wilfred Owen, is remembered for his powerful testimony of war via his anti-war poetry. However, there has been limited focused investigation of Owen’s four months in Edinburgh between 26 June 1917 and 3/4 November 1917 and the impact of that period. Owen was in Edinburgh convalescing from ‘shell-shock’ at Craiglockhart War Hospital; his doctor called it ‘re-education’.1 Fresh research and analysis has been able to confirm the Scottish inspiration of a number of aspects of Owen’s poetry: from Owen’s first visit to Scotland, holidaying in 1912, and his four-month stay in Edinburgh in the latter half of 1917. During late 1917 Owen was able to craft some of the most poignant war poetry of the century, if not all time. That writing was made possible by the Edinburgh environment and important meetings in the social circles he benefited from in the city. It was facilitated by innovative ‘work’ cures, or ergotherapy, being implemented at Craiglockhart by Edinburgh-based physician Dr Arthur John Brock. Brock had been inspired in his medical thinking by Professor Sir Patrick Geddes. Geddes would evolve sociologist Le Play’s Lieu, Travail et Famille heuristic method and propose three themes as determinants of society: Place, Work and Folk. Geddes’ sociological survey model provides useful lenses for a more in-depth consideration of the socio-cultural impact of Edinburgh and its people on Owen and his writing.
{"title":"Six O’Clock in Princes Street","authors":"N. Mclennan","doi":"10.9750/psas.148.1256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9750/psas.148.1256","url":null,"abstract":"The First World War poet, 2nd Lieutenant Wilfred Owen, is remembered for his powerful testimony of war via his anti-war poetry. However, there has been limited focused investigation of Owen’s four months in Edinburgh between 26 June 1917 and 3/4 November 1917 and the impact of that period. Owen was in Edinburgh convalescing from ‘shell-shock’ at Craiglockhart War Hospital; his doctor called it ‘re-education’.1 Fresh research and analysis has been able to confirm the Scottish inspiration of a number of aspects of Owen’s poetry: from Owen’s first visit to Scotland, holidaying in 1912, and his four-month stay in Edinburgh in the latter half of 1917. During late 1917 Owen was able to craft some of the most poignant war poetry of the century, if not all time. That writing was made possible by the Edinburgh environment and important meetings in the social circles he benefited from in the city. It was facilitated by innovative ‘work’ cures, or ergotherapy, being implemented at Craiglockhart by Edinburgh-based physician Dr Arthur John Brock. Brock had been inspired in his medical thinking by Professor Sir Patrick Geddes. Geddes would evolve sociologist Le Play’s Lieu, Travail et Famille heuristic method and propose three themes as determinants of society: Place, Work and Folk. Geddes’ sociological survey model provides useful lenses for a more in-depth consideration of the socio-cultural impact of Edinburgh and its people on Owen and his writing.","PeriodicalId":161764,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129025415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The so-called ‘Auldjo Jug’ is one of the important artefacts from Pompeii in the British Museum. The lower part and the upper part of the cameo glass jug came to the Museum from two British owners as a result of a purchase and a bequest. Exactly how the parts came into the possession of the seller (Dr Hogg) and the bequeather (Miss Auldjo) has not been clearly established. Current theory proposes that the two British owners received the jug pieces from two different sources at different times, but does not explain convincingly how, when and why the two British owners might have come into possession of the jug pieces. In this paper, an alternative theory is proposed: that Sir Walter Scott, when he visited in Naples in 1832, was presented with all the excavated pieces, and that he then, on his departure, divided the fragments and passed them on to two people in Naples with whom he was closely acquainted.
{"title":"The history of the Auldjo Jug 1830–60 – a review and critique","authors":"M. Heafford","doi":"10.9750/psas.148.1244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9750/psas.148.1244","url":null,"abstract":"The so-called ‘Auldjo Jug’ is one of the important artefacts from Pompeii in the British Museum. The lower part and the upper part of the cameo glass jug came to the Museum from two British owners as a result of a purchase and a bequest. Exactly how the parts came into the possession of the seller (Dr Hogg) and the bequeather (Miss Auldjo) has not been clearly established. Current theory proposes that the two British owners received the jug pieces from two different sources at different times, but does not explain convincingly how, when and why the two British owners might have come into possession of the jug pieces. In this paper, an alternative theory is proposed: that Sir Walter Scott, when he visited in Naples in 1832, was presented with all the excavated pieces, and that he then, on his departure, divided the fragments and passed them on to two people in Naples with whom he was closely acquainted.","PeriodicalId":161764,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121334283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Michael Given, O. Aldred, K. Grant, Peter Mcniven, T. Poller
The key to understanding a landscape is through its connections, which tie together people and environment within and beyond that landscape and across many different periods. This is particularly true of the northern face of the Ochil Hills in central Scotland, which is characterised by dense networks of connections between lowlands and uplands, local and regional. To trace those connections we integrate the results of walkover survey, aerial archaeology, excavations, documentary analysis and place name analysis, revealing significant continuities and differences in the networks and relationships that have connected this landscape across time and space. Iron Age hillforts used their prominence and monumentality to guide people along very specific routes across the Ochils. Regular seasonal movements of cattle and herders in the medieval and post-medieval periods were closely related to the agriculture and settlement they encountered on the way: this interaction can be clearly seen in the elaborate intertwining of paths, braided cattle tracks, farmsteads and enclosures, most strikingly in the 18th century. Such intricate connections across the landscape are equally keyed in to the specifics of particular locations and to much broader networks and historical change.
{"title":"Interdisciplinary approaches to a connected landscape","authors":"Michael Given, O. Aldred, K. Grant, Peter Mcniven, T. Poller","doi":"10.9750/PSAS.148.1268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9750/PSAS.148.1268","url":null,"abstract":"The key to understanding a landscape is through its connections, which tie together people and environment within and beyond that landscape and across many different periods. This is particularly true of the northern face of the Ochil Hills in central Scotland, which is characterised by dense networks of connections between lowlands and uplands, local and regional. To trace those connections we integrate the results of walkover survey, aerial archaeology, excavations, documentary analysis and place name analysis, revealing significant continuities and differences in the networks and relationships that have connected this landscape across time and space. Iron Age hillforts used their prominence and monumentality to guide people along very specific routes across the Ochils. Regular seasonal movements of cattle and herders in the medieval and post-medieval periods were closely related to the agriculture and settlement they encountered on the way: this interaction can be clearly seen in the elaborate intertwining of paths, braided cattle tracks, farmsteads and enclosures, most strikingly in the 18th century. Such intricate connections across the landscape are equally keyed in to the specifics of particular locations and to much broader networks and historical change.","PeriodicalId":161764,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128010904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-24DOI: 10.9750/psas.004.417.420
James T Gibson Craig
Meeting minutes 10 March 1862.
会议记录1862年3月10日。
{"title":"Meeting Minutes 10 March 1862","authors":"James T Gibson Craig","doi":"10.9750/psas.004.417.420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9750/psas.004.417.420","url":null,"abstract":"Meeting minutes 10 March 1862.","PeriodicalId":161764,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124792537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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