Pub Date : 2022-07-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijfmts.2022.015
P. Varu, Mahesh M. Trangadia, Hetal C. Kyada, Sarthak Hitesh Dhruv
While bomb blasts are often associated with wars and terrorism in military and terrorism-prone areas, these events are incredibly rare in other civilian areas. Consequently, forensic medicine experts are rarely exposed to such cases. Explosion injuries produce a distinctive pattern on the body that can help determine the cause of death and reconstruct the crime scene. As such, it is imperative for an autopsy surgeon to be aware of the pattern of bomb blast injuries as well as their mechanisms. In this article, we present autopsy findings of two scrape yard workers who were killed by a bomb blast while breaking scrapes that they received from an army firing range. Furthermore, we have tried to correlate autopsy findings with the circumstances of the blast.
{"title":"Bomb explosions fatalities in civilian area: Two unusual cases","authors":"P. Varu, Mahesh M. Trangadia, Hetal C. Kyada, Sarthak Hitesh Dhruv","doi":"10.18231/j.ijfmts.2022.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijfmts.2022.015","url":null,"abstract":"While bomb blasts are often associated with wars and terrorism in military and terrorism-prone areas, these events are incredibly rare in other civilian areas. Consequently, forensic medicine experts are rarely exposed to such cases. Explosion injuries produce a distinctive pattern on the body that can help determine the cause of death and reconstruct the crime scene. As such, it is imperative for an autopsy surgeon to be aware of the pattern of bomb blast injuries as well as their mechanisms. In this article, we present autopsy findings of two scrape yard workers who were killed by a bomb blast while breaking scrapes that they received from an army firing range. Furthermore, we have tried to correlate autopsy findings with the circumstances of the blast.","PeriodicalId":163055,"journal":{"name":"IP International Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicological Sciences","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131419198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijfmts.2022.005
M. S. Dar, D. Mittal, S. Tabasum
Persicaria maculosa (linn.) contains antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities, although its protective effects in liver cells are debatable. The effect of Persicaria maculosa (PM) and its active principle, tannic acid (TA), aqueous extracts on carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in rats was investigated in this work. Forty-two male Wistar rats were divided into seven groups: group-I act as Normal group), group-II (Toxicant group CCl 1.5ml/kg i.p), group-III Standard group which pre-treated with silymarin (100mg/kg/day), groups-IV & V which were pretreated with PM aqueous extracts at a dosage of 200 & 400 mg/kg/day o.p, followed by CCl groups-VI & VII which were pretreated with aqueous extracts of TA at doses of 200 & 400 mg/kg/day o.p followed by CClrespectively. After 14 days, liver enzymes such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bilirubin (BIL), and also oxidative stress biomarkers including lipid peroxidation (LPO), in vitro antioxidant activity were measured by 2,2′- diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl DPMH. Quantitative determination of some vital phytochemicals, and the histopathological changes were determined using standard procedure. The findings showed that CCl caused a remarkable rise in levels of serum hepatic enzymes such as ALT, AST, ALP and BIL (P≤0.001) compared with the control group. In addition, CCl led to the increasing of LPO (P≤0.001) in liver tissue in comparison with the control group. Rats pretreated with silymarin significantly reduced the adverse effects of CCl on serum and tissue markers. In this regard, remarkable vascular congestion, hepatocellular degeneration, and vacuolization were observed in hepatic tissue of CCl-treated rats. The pre-treatment of Persicaria maculosa and tannic acid aqueous extracts shows a significant improvement was observed in the functional and oxidative stress indices of hepatic tissue alongside histopathology changes.The current investigation found that Persicaria maculosa and its active ingredient Tannic acid aqueous extracts may help to reduce hepatic oxidative injury in rats exposed to CCl by enhancing the oxidant/antioxidant balance.
{"title":"Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective activities of Persicaria maculosa (linn.) and its active principle i.e tannic acid against Carbon tetrachloride induced oxidative stress and hepatotoxicity in wistar rats","authors":"M. S. Dar, D. Mittal, S. Tabasum","doi":"10.18231/j.ijfmts.2022.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijfmts.2022.005","url":null,"abstract":"Persicaria maculosa (linn.) contains antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities, although its protective effects in liver cells are debatable. The effect of Persicaria maculosa (PM) and its active principle, tannic acid (TA), aqueous extracts on carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in rats was investigated in this work. Forty-two male Wistar rats were divided into seven groups: group-I act as Normal group), group-II (Toxicant group CCl 1.5ml/kg i.p), group-III Standard group which pre-treated with silymarin (100mg/kg/day), groups-IV & V which were pretreated with PM aqueous extracts at a dosage of 200 & 400 mg/kg/day o.p, followed by CCl groups-VI & VII which were pretreated with aqueous extracts of TA at doses of 200 & 400 mg/kg/day o.p followed by CClrespectively. After 14 days, liver enzymes such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bilirubin (BIL), and also oxidative stress biomarkers including lipid peroxidation (LPO), in vitro antioxidant activity were measured by 2,2′- diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl DPMH. Quantitative determination of some vital phytochemicals, and the histopathological changes were determined using standard procedure. The findings showed that CCl caused a remarkable rise in levels of serum hepatic enzymes such as ALT, AST, ALP and BIL (P≤0.001) compared with the control group. In addition, CCl led to the increasing of LPO (P≤0.001) in liver tissue in comparison with the control group. Rats pretreated with silymarin significantly reduced the adverse effects of CCl on serum and tissue markers. In this regard, remarkable vascular congestion, hepatocellular degeneration, and vacuolization were observed in hepatic tissue of CCl-treated rats. The pre-treatment of Persicaria maculosa and tannic acid aqueous extracts shows a significant improvement was observed in the functional and oxidative stress indices of hepatic tissue alongside histopathology changes.The current investigation found that Persicaria maculosa and its active ingredient Tannic acid aqueous extracts may help to reduce hepatic oxidative injury in rats exposed to CCl by enhancing the oxidant/antioxidant balance.","PeriodicalId":163055,"journal":{"name":"IP International Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicological Sciences","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126701406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijfmts.2022.008
P. Wani, A. Raza
Infertility is a state of inability to conceive after unprotected intercourse for 1 year. Incidence of infertility is 10%–15%. In the Unani system of medicine, many herbal drugs are used empirically for enhancing fertility. This case report was an effort to understand the role of Unani formulations in conception. This patient had unilateral tubal blockage with Bilateral PCOS and twice IVI and IUI was failed. This study was performed in the Gynae OPD of A&U Tibbia College, Karol Bagh, New and Delhi. A 23-year-old female patient with primary infertility for 3 years was diagnosed with intra mural fibroid. She was given Unani treatment with Majoon Supari Pak, 5gm BD, Qurs -e-Kafoor 2BD and Itrifal Shatrta 5gm B.D and Majoon Ard Khorma 5 g b.i.d. for 1 month for husband in first cycles. Medicines were added and changed and she conceived in third month. The main outcome measure was to observe the conception in the patient. The patient conceived within 3 months of the treatment. These formulations might have assisted in conception as they are considered to have uterine tonic, vitalizer, and aphrodisiac properties in Unani medicine.
{"title":"Conception in a case of primary infertility with intra mural fibroid–A case report","authors":"P. Wani, A. Raza","doi":"10.18231/j.ijfmts.2022.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijfmts.2022.008","url":null,"abstract":"Infertility is a state of inability to conceive after unprotected intercourse for 1 year. Incidence of infertility is 10%–15%. In the Unani system of medicine, many herbal drugs are used empirically for enhancing fertility. This case report was an effort to understand the role of Unani formulations in conception. This patient had unilateral tubal blockage with Bilateral PCOS and twice IVI and IUI was failed. This study was performed in the Gynae OPD of A&U Tibbia College, Karol Bagh, New and Delhi. A 23-year-old female patient with primary infertility for 3 years was diagnosed with intra mural fibroid. She was given Unani treatment with Majoon Supari Pak, 5gm BD, Qurs -e-Kafoor 2BD and Itrifal Shatrta 5gm B.D and Majoon Ard Khorma 5 g b.i.d. for 1 month for husband in first cycles. Medicines were added and changed and she conceived in third month. The main outcome measure was to observe the conception in the patient. The patient conceived within 3 months of the treatment. These formulations might have assisted in conception as they are considered to have uterine tonic, vitalizer, and aphrodisiac properties in Unani medicine.","PeriodicalId":163055,"journal":{"name":"IP International Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicological Sciences","volume":"106 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128071903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijfmts.2022.001
Mohd Kaleem Khan, Kashif Ali
The Medical Termination of Pregnancy (Amendment) Act 2021 ensures universal access to comprehensive care by expanding access to safe and legal abortion services on eugenic, therapeutic, humanitarian and social grounds. These modifications will broaden the scope of safe abortion services available to women and will contribute towards ending preventable maternal mortality.
{"title":"Medical termination of pregnancy (Amendment) ACT 2021- A review","authors":"Mohd Kaleem Khan, Kashif Ali","doi":"10.18231/j.ijfmts.2022.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijfmts.2022.001","url":null,"abstract":"The Medical Termination of Pregnancy (Amendment) Act 2021 ensures universal access to comprehensive care by expanding access to safe and legal abortion services on eugenic, therapeutic, humanitarian and social grounds. These modifications will broaden the scope of safe abortion services available to women and will contribute towards ending preventable maternal mortality.","PeriodicalId":163055,"journal":{"name":"IP International Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicological Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133481845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijfmts.2022.007
D. Rao
A 32-year-old man Jumped to death from his multistoried apartement He had multiple deep incised wound on his left forearm and neck. The incident was concluded as suicide after a proper Police investigation, Crime Scene Investigation, Circumstances Analysis and Complete Autopsy. Although Suicides by Fall is not uncommon but associated multiple Deep incised Wounds on the Neck and Extremities is not Known, Though Self inflicted Incised wounds are frequently reported. We present this Rare and Unheard case of Complex and Unplanned Suicide, a combination of Deep incised Neck wounds and Extremity Wounds in a Fatal Fall. The Crime Scene investigation, the method employed, the autopsy findings and the interview with their relatives altogether pointed toward a suicidal etiology.
{"title":"Fatal fall from height with self-inflicted wounds - A case of complex unplanned suicide","authors":"D. Rao","doi":"10.18231/j.ijfmts.2022.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijfmts.2022.007","url":null,"abstract":"A 32-year-old man Jumped to death from his multistoried apartement He had multiple deep incised wound on his left forearm and neck. The incident was concluded as suicide after a proper Police investigation, Crime Scene Investigation, Circumstances Analysis and Complete Autopsy. Although Suicides by Fall is not uncommon but associated multiple Deep incised Wounds on the Neck and Extremities is not Known, Though Self inflicted Incised wounds are frequently reported. We present this Rare and Unheard case of Complex and Unplanned Suicide, a combination of Deep incised Neck wounds and Extremity Wounds in a Fatal Fall. The Crime Scene investigation, the method employed, the autopsy findings and the interview with their relatives altogether pointed toward a suicidal etiology.","PeriodicalId":163055,"journal":{"name":"IP International Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicological Sciences","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115551535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijfmts.2022.003
S. Bhagat, R. Kanojia, A. Jaiswal
The tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) plant belongs to solanaceae family. It is an annual herbaceous plant. Over 0.45 million hectares of land are used for growing tobacco commercially, with a total production of over 750 million kg of tobacco. According to the Global adult tobacco survey held in the year 2016-2017, there are nearly 267 million adults (above 15 years of age) in India abusing tobacco. Nicotine can be extracted from biological samples by liquid-liquid extraction, small volume liquid extraction, etc. Thin-layer chromatography is a very effective technique as it can be employed for many samples simultaneously, which is cost-effective and easy to perform without any errors. A new technique, the Ultrasonic bath technique (Sonication technique) is used for the same. Four different types of solvents were used for extraction purposes out of which two gave favorable results. This methodology is proven to be cost-effective, consumes fewer chemicals, less manpower, and is effective.
{"title":"Extraction and analysis of nicotine (3-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)pyridine) from cigarettes using small volume liquid extraction and ultrasonic bath system technique","authors":"S. Bhagat, R. Kanojia, A. Jaiswal","doi":"10.18231/j.ijfmts.2022.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijfmts.2022.003","url":null,"abstract":"The tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) plant belongs to solanaceae family. It is an annual herbaceous plant. Over 0.45 million hectares of land are used for growing tobacco commercially, with a total production of over 750 million kg of tobacco. According to the Global adult tobacco survey held in the year 2016-2017, there are nearly 267 million adults (above 15 years of age) in India abusing tobacco. Nicotine can be extracted from biological samples by liquid-liquid extraction, small volume liquid extraction, etc. Thin-layer chromatography is a very effective technique as it can be employed for many samples simultaneously, which is cost-effective and easy to perform without any errors. A new technique, the Ultrasonic bath technique (Sonication technique) is used for the same. Four different types of solvents were used for extraction purposes out of which two gave favorable results. This methodology is proven to be cost-effective, consumes fewer chemicals, less manpower, and is effective.","PeriodicalId":163055,"journal":{"name":"IP International Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicological Sciences","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129805393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijfmts.2022.004
D. Rao
Manual Strangulation injuries are a heterogeneous set of traumatic pathology that occurs as a result of mechanical force applied externally to the neck and surrounding structures by human Hand. These injuries may result in decreased cerebral oxygen delivery either by compression of cervical blood vessels, or tracheal occlusion.All Cases Referred were Forensic Autopsies. Blood Less Filed was created at Neck Region to Study the Neck Injuries. The External and Internal injuries resulting as a result of Compression were entered in the Templates for Analysis.A Total of 36 Cases were Reported during the period of Study. Cases were reported in Individuals until Fifth Decade. Majority of the cases Reported in 2nd and 3rd Decade. Females Contributed to Major Number of Cases [72%].Hyoid bone fracture was noted in only 22%[n-8] of the cases.Nail Scratch Abrasion with Contusions seen over Neck Surface in Majority of the Cases. Internal Muscular and Vascular Damage is Seen in Majority of the cases. Parotid and Thyroid Gland showed Parenchymal and Capsular Hemorrhages.
{"title":"An autopsy study of neck structures in manual strangulation [throttling]","authors":"D. Rao","doi":"10.18231/j.ijfmts.2022.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijfmts.2022.004","url":null,"abstract":"Manual Strangulation injuries are a heterogeneous set of traumatic pathology that occurs as a result of mechanical force applied externally to the neck and surrounding structures by human Hand. These injuries may result in decreased cerebral oxygen delivery either by compression of cervical blood vessels, or tracheal occlusion.All Cases Referred were Forensic Autopsies. Blood Less Filed was created at Neck Region to Study the Neck Injuries. The External and Internal injuries resulting as a result of Compression were entered in the Templates for Analysis.A Total of 36 Cases were Reported during the period of Study. Cases were reported in Individuals until Fifth Decade. Majority of the cases Reported in 2nd and 3rd Decade. Females Contributed to Major Number of Cases [72%].Hyoid bone fracture was noted in only 22%[n-8] of the cases.Nail Scratch Abrasion with Contusions seen over Neck Surface in Majority of the Cases. Internal Muscular and Vascular Damage is Seen in Majority of the cases. Parotid and Thyroid Gland showed Parenchymal and Capsular Hemorrhages.","PeriodicalId":163055,"journal":{"name":"IP International Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicological Sciences","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116139887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijfmts.2022.002
Priyanka, Shabeena
Fingerprints are most affirmative evidence for personal identification found at crime scene. However, its quite tedious and crucial to develop and identify the latent fingerprints from destructive crime scene conditions. Although some may believe that evidence recovered underwater will have no forensic value, but forensic research shows that identifiable fingerprints may still be developed. In this paper, we have discussed that it is possible to develop latent fingerprints from non-porous and porous materials disposed of in muddy water by using different powders available in the home. All the samples were disposed of in containers containing muddy water and then different techniques were used for the recovery of latent fingerprints. In this paper, economical, simple, and easily available powders have been chosen to recover the latent prints on five frequently encountered different substrates i.e., plastic, glass, metal plates, aluminium foil, cardboard, glossy-painted wooden substrates. It is examined that it shows very good and clear results on most of the surfaces with clear ridge characteristics.
{"title":"A review on recovery of latent fingerprints on different substrates immersed under muddy water","authors":"Priyanka, Shabeena","doi":"10.18231/j.ijfmts.2022.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijfmts.2022.002","url":null,"abstract":"Fingerprints are most affirmative evidence for personal identification found at crime scene. However, its quite tedious and crucial to develop and identify the latent fingerprints from destructive crime scene conditions. Although some may believe that evidence recovered underwater will have no forensic value, but forensic research shows that identifiable fingerprints may still be developed. In this paper, we have discussed that it is possible to develop latent fingerprints from non-porous and porous materials disposed of in muddy water by using different powders available in the home. All the samples were disposed of in containers containing muddy water and then different techniques were used for the recovery of latent fingerprints. In this paper, economical, simple, and easily available powders have been chosen to recover the latent prints on five frequently encountered different substrates i.e., plastic, glass, metal plates, aluminium foil, cardboard, glossy-painted wooden substrates. It is examined that it shows very good and clear results on most of the surfaces with clear ridge characteristics.","PeriodicalId":163055,"journal":{"name":"IP International Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicological Sciences","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127855425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijfmts.2022.006
M. Elalfy, Mona G Elbadidy, Hadeer H Ragheb, Khulood Mohammed AI-Khater, M. A. Alghamdi, Ola Habbota
The quality and quantity of DNA have a vital role in forensic medicine. As time elapsed since death of recovered body by drowning or submersion should be identified in homicidal or suicidal manner of death or animal sudden deaths. Sixty rats were used in this experiment in 3 models of natural death, drowning and submersion. The DNA quantity was determined by diphenylamine in the brain, heart and lungs. It was noticed that there was a correlation between reduction of DNA quantity and postmortem time interval in the natural model of death. While the submersion >freshwater drowning>saltwater drowning enhanced DNA degradation, especially between 24-48 hours after death. Brain DNA considers the most resistance for degradation than heart and lung. In conclusion, DNA concentration in tissues could correlate to the postmortem time interval in natural death and other models of deaths as drowning or submersion but with different rate of reduction of DNA quantity.
{"title":"DNA quantification as a determinant factor of postmortem time interval in different models of death","authors":"M. Elalfy, Mona G Elbadidy, Hadeer H Ragheb, Khulood Mohammed AI-Khater, M. A. Alghamdi, Ola Habbota","doi":"10.18231/j.ijfmts.2022.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijfmts.2022.006","url":null,"abstract":"The quality and quantity of DNA have a vital role in forensic medicine. As time elapsed since death of recovered body by drowning or submersion should be identified in homicidal or suicidal manner of death or animal sudden deaths. Sixty rats were used in this experiment in 3 models of natural death, drowning and submersion. The DNA quantity was determined by diphenylamine in the brain, heart and lungs. It was noticed that there was a correlation between reduction of DNA quantity and postmortem time interval in the natural model of death. While the submersion >freshwater drowning>saltwater drowning enhanced DNA degradation, especially between 24-48 hours after death. Brain DNA considers the most resistance for degradation than heart and lung. In conclusion, DNA concentration in tissues could correlate to the postmortem time interval in natural death and other models of deaths as drowning or submersion but with different rate of reduction of DNA quantity.","PeriodicalId":163055,"journal":{"name":"IP International Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicological Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129696584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijfmts.2021.026
R. Chaudhary, V. Dhingra
Drowning is a form of asphyxia which is caused by submersion/immersion of the body in water or any other fluid that occurs due to the aspiration of fluid into air passages and is mostly accidental. The main question arises in the case of a body recovered from water is whether the individual was alive at the time he entered water. If a body is found in water is does not necessarily mean, that this person has drowned. The bodily external and internal findings are necessary in medicolegal investigation of drowning deaths. Drowning is difficult to determine and are often diagnosed by eliminating other potential causes of death whereas diatom test is significant for the concluding analysis of drowning deaths. Diatoms found inside the body may serve as corroborative evidence in the diagnosis of the cause of drowning death. It can be ascertained whether the drowning is ante-mortem or post-mortem. The diatom test considered as the only tool to examine drowning cases. The present study highlights some specific points to drag conclusive results in the investigation of deaths due to drowning.
{"title":"Forensic significance in the cases of drowning deaths: An elaborative study","authors":"R. Chaudhary, V. Dhingra","doi":"10.18231/j.ijfmts.2021.026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijfmts.2021.026","url":null,"abstract":"Drowning is a form of asphyxia which is caused by submersion/immersion of the body in water or any other fluid that occurs due to the aspiration of fluid into air passages and is mostly accidental. The main question arises in the case of a body recovered from water is whether the individual was alive at the time he entered water. If a body is found in water is does not necessarily mean, that this person has drowned. The bodily external and internal findings are necessary in medicolegal investigation of drowning deaths. Drowning is difficult to determine and are often diagnosed by eliminating other potential causes of death whereas diatom test is significant for the concluding analysis of drowning deaths. Diatoms found inside the body may serve as corroborative evidence in the diagnosis of the cause of drowning death. It can be ascertained whether the drowning is ante-mortem or post-mortem. The diatom test considered as the only tool to examine drowning cases. The present study highlights some specific points to drag conclusive results in the investigation of deaths due to drowning.","PeriodicalId":163055,"journal":{"name":"IP International Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicological Sciences","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128699350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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