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Deaths in railways and role of forensic medicine 铁路事故中的死亡和法医的作用
Pub Date : 2022-10-15 DOI: 10.18231/j.ijfmts.2022.016
Mohd Kaleem Khan
Deaths in the railway premises, tracks, train and other railway related properties are often accidental, suicidal and may at times homicidal in nature. To identify the cause of death and timely disbursement of justice to victims and their aggrieved families is the primary motive of the police, forensic services and the judicial system. The establishment of the Railway Protection Force (RPF) and Government railway police (GRP) is for the protection of railway property and handling crime happening in it. Involvement of local police, forensic.There is a sharp decline in crime happening in railway properties in India (RPF shows a great decline in the number of cases since 2018 (1094684) to 2019 (949695). Government railway police (GRP) also reported Cases (Registered by GRP (IPC+SLL) which show sharp decline in crime since 2018 (107092) in 2019 (99381) but still there is great scope of integrating the existing law enforcing agencies along with forensic medicine in reducing the crime further in railways.
在铁路房舍、轨道、火车和其他与铁路有关的财产中的死亡往往是意外的、自杀的,有时可能是他杀。查明死亡原因并及时向受害者及其受害家属伸张正义是警察、法医部门和司法系统的首要动机。建立铁路保护部队(RPF)和政府铁路警察(GRP)是为了保护铁路财产和处理发生在铁路上的犯罪。当地警方,法医介入。印度铁路物业的犯罪率急剧下降(RPF显示,自2018年(1094684)至2019年(949695),案件数量大幅下降。政府铁路警察(GRP)也报告了由GRP (IPC+SLL)登记的案件,显示自2018年(107092)到2019年(99381)的犯罪率急剧下降,但仍有很大的空间将现有的执法机构与法医相结合,以进一步减少铁路犯罪。
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引用次数: 0
The effectiveness of educational package on knowledge regarding harmful effects of use of polythene and plastic materials on environment & health among school age children 关于在学龄儿童中使用聚乙烯和塑料材料对环境和健康的有害影响的知识教育包的有效性
Pub Date : 2022-10-15 DOI: 10.18231/j.ijfmts.2022.020
Jitendra Chicholkar, Reena Thakur
Plastics are a wide range of synthetic or semi-synthetic materials that use polymers as a main ingredient. Their plasticity makes it possible for plastics to be molded, extruded or pressed into solid objects of various shapes. This adaptability, plus a wide range of other properties, such as being lightweight, durable, flexible, and in expensive to produce, has led to its widespread use. Research approach: an evaluative research approach, research design: in this study pre experimental one group pre test post test design was be used. this design is widely used in educational research, research sample: in this study sample was the school age children in community rural area of Indore, sample size: 50 school age children, sample techniques: non probability purposive sampling technique. The mean pre test and post test 11.8 and 17.9 and mean difference 6.1 that there was a significant difference between pre test and post test knowledge score hence H0 rejected and H1 is accepted.So it can be concluded that the school age children residing in Bawliya Khurd community have inadequate knowledge regarding harmful effects of polythene and plastic materials on environment and health and Structured teaching programme is an effective teaching strategy to increase their knowledge regarding harmful effects of polythene and plastic materials on environment and health.
塑料是一种以聚合物为主要成分的合成或半合成材料。它们的可塑性使塑料有可能被模压、挤压或压成各种形状的固体物体。这种适应性,再加上其他广泛的特性,如重量轻、耐用、灵活和生产成本高,导致了它的广泛使用。研究方法:采用评价性研究方法,研究设计:本研究采用预实验、一组前测、后测设计。本设计广泛应用于教育研究,研究样本:本研究样本为印度农村社区学龄儿童,样本量:50名学龄儿童,样本技术:非概率有目的抽样技术。前测和后测均数分别为11.8和17.9,均数差异为6.1,表明前测和后测知识得分存在显著性差异,因此拒绝H0,接受H1。因此,可以得出结论,居住在Bawliya Khurd社区的学龄儿童对聚乙烯和塑料材料对环境和健康的有害影响的认识不足,结构化教学方案是一种有效的教学策略,可以增加他们对聚乙烯和塑料材料对环境和健康的有害影响的认识。
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引用次数: 0
Head injury & road traffic fatalities-An analytical study of road traffic accident deaths 头部损伤与道路交通死亡——道路交通事故死亡的分析研究
Pub Date : 2022-10-15 DOI: 10.18231/j.ijfmts.2022.018
D. Rao
Head injuries are the most commonly reported cause of Fatalities in majority of the Road Traffic Accidents. This retrospective study was carried out at Oxford Medical College,Bangalore during the period 2012-2021. All Autopsy Reports on Road Traffic Fatalities, along with Hospital Records were closely studied, Documented and Analyzed. To study the Road Traffic Fatalities and Head Injuries Associated with it, besides the Age and Sex Group Involvement in Road Traffic Fatalities. Head Injuries Contributed to 58.7% of Road Traffic Fatalities. Open Head injuries Formed the Major Type of Injuries in 92% of Fatalities. Motor cyclists Accidents Contributed to 90% of the Head Injuries. Males Contributed to 81.97% of the Deaths.
在大多数道路交通事故中,头部受伤是最常见的死亡原因。这项回顾性研究于2012-2021年期间在班加罗尔牛津医学院进行。所有关于道路交通死亡的尸检报告以及医院记录都被仔细研究、记录和分析。研究道路交通意外死亡人数及与之有关的头部伤害,以及涉及道路交通意外死亡的年龄及性别组别。头部伤害占道路交通死亡人数的58.7%。在92%的死亡病例中,开放性头部损伤是主要的伤害类型。骑摩托车的人造成了90%的头部损伤。男性占死亡人数的81.97%。
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引用次数: 0
Sudden natural deaths autopsies-An analytical study 自然猝死尸检——一项分析性研究
Pub Date : 2022-10-15 DOI: 10.18231/j.ijfmts.2022.019
D. Rao, R. Fatima
Sudden Natural Deaths are Not Uncommon during Forensic Practice. It is always essential to Analyse the Different Type of Sudden Natural Deaths so as to understand the Prevalence of Disease process in a Region.This retrospective study was carried out at TOMCH&RC, Bangalore during the period 2017-2002. All Autopsy Reports during the Period were closely Documented & Analysed. To study the Contribution of Organ System to Mortality. To study the Age & Se Group affected by Sudden Death in the Region. Most of the sudden deaths belonged to the age group 41-50 years. Sex Ratio of male to female ratio 16.3:1. Cardiovascular Pathology Contributed to 38.47% of Deaths .Central Nervous System contributed to only 3.84% Fatality. Hepatobiliary System was not known to have contributed to Death in this Study.
在法医实践中,突然自然死亡并不罕见。分析不同类型的自然猝死是了解一个地区疾病流行过程的必要条件。这项回顾性研究于2017-2002年期间在班加罗尔的TOMCH&RC进行。期间的所有尸检报告都被密切记录和分析。目的:探讨器官系统对死亡率的影响。目的:研究该地区突发性死亡的年龄和年龄群体。其中,41-50岁年龄段的人居多。性别比男女性别比16.3:1。心血管病理占38.47%,中枢神经系统仅占3.84%。在这项研究中,肝胆系统并没有导致死亡。
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引用次数: 0
Forensic science application: An effective tool of criminal investigations 法医学应用:刑事侦查的有效工具
Pub Date : 2022-07-15 DOI: 10.18231/j.ijfmts.2022.014
S. Verma, A. Parvez, K. Ashutosh
One of the most important inventions and development in the history of the human race is forensic science. Without having knowledge of forensic science, there would be a great negative effect on society as well as the judicial system. In the contemporary era, forensic science play a very important role in solving the crime problem. It provides better opportunities to the judicial system for solving the crime and in detection the criminal. The present judicial system of India comprise various modes of techniques including DNA Profiling, Brain-Fingerprinting, Narco-Analysis, Polygraph, DNA Fingerprinting, forensic DNA etc., which are proving very helpful in solving the crime problem. At present courts are taking these techniques in to consideration while delivering judgments.
法医学是人类历史上最重要的发明和发展之一。没有法医学的知识,将会对社会和司法系统产生巨大的负面影响。在当代,法医学在解决犯罪问题中发挥着非常重要的作用。它为司法系统侦破犯罪和侦查罪犯提供了更好的机会。印度目前的司法系统包括各种技术模式,包括DNA分析、脑指纹、毒品分析、测谎、DNA指纹、法医DNA等,这些技术在解决犯罪问题方面非常有帮助。目前,法院在作出判决时正在考虑这些技术。
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引用次数: 0
An autopsy study of fatal electrocution 致命电刑的尸检研究
Pub Date : 2022-07-15 DOI: 10.18231/j.ijfmts.2022.013
D. Rao
Electrical Fatality is not Uncommon in Low voltage and High voltage despite rapid advances in its Transmission and usage. It is essential to understand the Injuries and the manner of Death in all Electric Fatalities.To Understand the Manner of Death, Pattern of injuries, Site of Injuries and Cause of Death in Fatal Electrocution.All the cases Electrical Fatalities Referred by the Police for Autopsies were Analyzed & Examined.Electric Fatalities Contributed to 4% of the Autopsies. Major Age Group Affected was 21-40 years in 75% of cases. Males to Females Ratio 14.5:1. Accidental Deaths were the Major Number of Fatalities in 96.8% of cases. Low Voltage Electrical Current contributed to 79% of Fatalities. Right Hand was involved in contact injury in 51.7% of Deaths and in 9.7% of Fatal Electrocution No Contact or Exit Injuries were Present.
尽管低压和高压在传输和使用方面发展迅速,但电气事故在低压和高压中并不罕见。了解所有电气事故中的伤害和死亡方式是必不可少的。了解致死性电刑的死亡方式、伤型、伤处及死因。所有由警方转介解剖的电气意外死亡个案均经分析及检验。电气事故占了4%的尸体解剖。75%的病例受影响的主要年龄组为21-40岁。男女比例14.5:1。意外死亡是主要死亡原因,占96.8%。低压电流导致79%的死亡。51.7%的死亡个案涉及接触伤,而9.7%的致命触电个案则不涉及接触伤或出口伤。
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引用次数: 0
Histopathological changes in the Liverof fatal burn victimsin relation to different survival period 致死性烧伤患者肝脏组织病理学变化与不同生存期的关系
Pub Date : 2022-07-15 DOI: 10.18231/j.ijfmts.2022.012
Richa Gupta, Prof Vikas Kumar, Kamna Singh, S. Tripathi
: Annually about 2 million people suffer from various modes of burn injuries worldwide of whom more than a lakh die. In India about 60,000 people suffer from burns annually, more than 50,000 are treated in hospitals and about 10,000 succumb to thermal injury. : The primary importance of present study is to have a better understanding of changes occurring in this vital organ in relation to survival period of burn victims, to emphasis that hepatic dysfunction is also an important determinant to survival of burn victims. : Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Department of a tertiary care hospital. A descriptive study was performed on 37 burn deceased of both the sexes of different age groups brought into the mortuary of the Department of Forensic Medicine during the period of July 2009 to December 2010. Liver specimens were collected and the H& E stained slides studied separately by two independent observers. Fatty infiltrations in the liver were present at various stages i.e. microvesicular steatosis to macrovesicular steatosis, followed by fatty cyst in victims with survival periods ranging from 2 days to 30 days. Thus as the survival period increased, the proportion of involvement of the hepatic lobule increased with focal / confluent centrilobular hepatocyte necrosis in 54.5% victims of 8-15 days survival and ultimately ended into massive hepatocyte necrosis leading to complete loss of lobular architecture in victims who survived for 16- 30 days. : The present study indicates that liver damage in the form of hepatic steatosis leading to hepatocyte necrosis and latter complete loss of liver architecture and consecutively hepatic dysfunction occurs with increasing survival period of burn victims therefore, maintenance of Liver integrity and function are crucial for post burn survival.
全世界每年约有200万人遭受各种形式的烧伤,其中超过10万人死亡。在印度,每年约有6万人遭受烧伤,5万多人在医院接受治疗,约1万人死于热伤。本研究的主要意义在于更好地了解这一重要器官发生的变化与烧伤患者生存期的关系,强调肝功能障碍也是烧伤患者生存的重要决定因素。:某三级医院法医学及毒理学科。对2009年7月至2010年12月法医学科太平间收治的37例不同年龄组的男女烧伤死者进行了描述性研究。收集肝脏标本,由两名独立观察员分别研究h&e染色玻片。肝脏脂肪浸润表现为不同阶段,如微泡性脂肪变性到大泡性脂肪变性,然后是脂肪囊肿,存活时间从2天到30天不等。因此,随着生存期的增加,肝小叶受累的比例增加,在存活8-15天的患者中,54.5%的患者出现局灶性/合流性小叶中心肝细胞坏死,并最终在存活16- 30天的患者中发生大量肝细胞坏死,导致小叶结构完全丧失。目前的研究表明,随着烧伤患者生存期的延长,肝脂肪变性形式的肝损伤导致肝细胞坏死,随后肝结构完全丧失,进而出现肝功能障碍,因此,维持肝脏的完整性和功能对烧伤后的生存至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
High voltage electrical injury- Knowledge and need of the hour 高压电气伤害。知识和需求
Pub Date : 2022-07-15 DOI: 10.18231/j.ijfmts.2022.010
Kashif Ali, Mohd Kaleem Khan
Electrical burns are linked to a high rate of morbidity and mortality, and are usually avoidable with basic safety precautions. High voltage electrical injuries are uncommon, yet they have a high death rate. Electrocution refers to any death caused by an electrical shock to the body. Although the introduction of electricity was hailed as a gift to civilization, its use in domestic households has continued to increase fatalities, either because of lack of public awareness, total negligence on the part of the general people and electrical distribution agencies. Electricity's ever-increasing reliance on industry and domestic demands exposes man to injury from electric current and equipment that runs on it.
电烧伤与高发病率和死亡率有关,通常可以通过基本的安全预防措施来避免。高压电伤并不常见,但其死亡率却很高。触电是指身体受到电击而死亡。虽然电力的引入被誉为文明的礼物,但由于公众缺乏意识,普通民众和配电机构的完全疏忽,在家庭家庭中使用电力继续增加死亡人数。电力对工业和家庭需求的日益依赖使人类受到电流和用电设备的伤害。
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引用次数: 0
A review on role of autopsy in the diagnosis of sudden arrhythmic deaths 尸检在猝死性心律失常死亡诊断中的作用
Pub Date : 2022-07-15 DOI: 10.18231/j.ijfmts.2022.009
Prashanth Mada, Pragnesh B. Parmar, Y. S, Divya Reddy Pannala
Sudden death (SD) is described as “death within 24 hours from the earliest manifestation, without any proof of violence and with no pre-existing disease, where no cause of death can be identified clinically”. In about 5%–10% of cases of sudden cardiac death (SCD), no underlying heart disease can be found at autopsy. Mostly these are the arrhythmic SCD and have a morphologically normal heart. There is a scope for uncertainty among relatives and/or investigating authorities regarding the cause & manner of death specifically in unattended sudden cardiac death. The postmortem examination must include detailed history or clinically relevant information of the deceased, his/her family members, macroscopic, microscopic, toxicological & molecular examination.
猝死被描述为"在最早出现症状后24小时内死亡,无任何暴力行为证据,没有先前存在的疾病,且无法在临床上确定死亡原因"。在大约5%-10%的心源性猝死(SCD)病例中,尸检时没有发现潜在的心脏疾病。这些大多是心律失常的SCD,心脏形态正常。亲属和/或调查当局对死因和死亡方式存在不确定性,特别是在无人照料的心源性猝死中。尸检必须包括死者及其家属的详细病史或临床相关资料,以及肉眼、显微镜、毒理学和分子检查。
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引用次数: 0
An autopsy study of railway fatalities 对铁路事故的尸检研究
Pub Date : 2022-07-15 DOI: 10.18231/j.ijfmts.2022.011
D. Rao
Railway fatalities are not uncommon due to the wide net across the country covering diverse regions of the nation. It is essential to understand the Injuries Pattern, Manner and Cause of Death. To Study the Cause of Death, Manner of Death, Pattern & Nature of Injuries in Railway Fatalities. A retrospective study conducted between 2009 to 2015. A total of 32 cases Reported. All cases referred to the Department of Forensic Medicine for Autopsy by the Railway Police. In the Present Study Railway Fatalities Contributed to 3.9% of the Autopsies. Major Age Group affect were 21-40 years contributing to 75% of cases. Mae to Female Ratio was 6.5:1. Suicidal Deaths Contributed to 75% of the cases. In Twenty Six Cases Body Parts were found in between the Railway Tracks and in thirty Cases Mutilated Parts were Found Distant to the Site of impact.
铁路事故并不罕见,因为铁路覆盖了全国不同地区。了解伤害模式、方式和死因是很重要的。探讨铁路事故的死亡原因、死亡方式、伤害形态和性质。这是一项在2009年至2015年间进行的回顾性研究。共报告32例。所有案件均由铁路警察转交法医处进行尸检。在目前的研究中,铁路事故占了3.9%的尸体解剖。主要影响年龄组为21-40岁,占75%。男女比例为6.5:1。自杀死亡占75%。在26起案件中,在铁轨之间发现了尸体的部分,在30起案件中,在远离撞击地点的地方发现了残缺的部分。
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引用次数: 0
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IP International Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicological Sciences
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